content: from typing import Any
  
  from starlette.responses import JSONResponse
  
  
  class PydanticJSONResponse(JSONResponse):
      # use pydantic json serialization instead of the stock `json.dumps`,
      # so that we can handle serializing pydantic models like AnyHttpUrl
      def render(self, content: Any) -> bytes:
          return content.model_dump_json(exclude_none=True).encode("utf-8")
  