Performance Analysis of 6G Multiuser Massive MIMO-OFDM THz Wireless Systems with Hybrid Beamforming under Intercarrier Interference

Course No.: EEE 400

Submitted By

Md Saheed Ullah

Zulqarnain Bin Ashraf

Sudipta Chandra Sarker

Submitted To

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Electrical and Electronic Engineering.

Supervised by

Dr. Md. Forkan Uddin

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

May, 2022

CHAPTER: CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that the work presented in the thesis is an outcome of the investigation carried out by the authors under the supervision of Professor Dr. Md. Forkan Uddin, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka. It is declared that this thesis has been submitted only for the award of graduation.

Md Saheed Ullah

Zulqarnain Bin Ashraf

Sudipta Chandra Sarker

Signature of the Supervisor

Dr. Md. Forkan Uddin

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

CHAPTER: DEDICATION

To the treasured people of our country,

with the hope that this endeavor would one day be to their well-being.

To our beloved parents. Your endless support and encouragement will never go unnoticed.

And to true friends. May we all find a few!

CHAPTER: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We would like to express our deepest gratitude to our supervisor Dr. Md. Forkan Uddin for his guidance on this project, showing us the path of conducting successful research and above all, for always being there as our mentor. He shared his wisdom with us in analyzing subject matters and, at the same time, valued our thinking approach to synthesizing those topics. His suggestions drove us towards better ways of thinking, his reviews enriched us in solving problems, and his support gave us strength at the time of our disappointment. We shall forever cherish the memories of working with him.

We want to thank the board members of our thesis committee, Dr. Md. Farhad Hossain and Dr. Lutfa Akter for their invaluable time and constructive suggestion on our work. We are grateful to all of our teachers, as well as our friends, classmates, and seniors, for their valuable input and consistent encouragement. Last but not least, we would like to express our gratitude to our families for their unwavering love and unending support.

CHAPTER: ABSTRACT

6G networks are expected to provide more diverse capabilities than their predecessors and are likely to support applications beyond current mobile applications, such as virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR), AI, and the Internet of Things (IoT). In addition, it is anticipated that mobile network operators will employ flexible, decentralized approaches for 6G, including local spectrum licensing, spectrum sharing, and infrastructure sharing. 6G will utilize all cutting-edge technologies, including MIMO, OFDM, THz, and Hybrid Beamforming. THz communication has been hailed as a significant enabler for 6G networks, offering orders of magnitude more spectrum than existing cellular bands. In contrast to typical multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, THz MIMO precoding cannot be conducted totally at baseband using digital precoders due to the restricted number of signal mixers and analog-to-digital converters that can be supported due to their cost and power consumption. A hybrid precoding transceiver design, combining a digital precoder with an analog precoder, has recently attracted substantial interest as a cost-effective option, particularly when massive MIMO is proposed for 6G. In this thesis, we analyzed the performance of multiuser massive MIMO-OFDM THz wireless systems with hybrid beamforming. Carrier frequency offset (CFO) is one of the most well-known disturbances for OFDM. For practicality, we accounted for CFO, which results in Intercarrier Interference. For the terahertz (THz) wireless system, a multi-antenna base station (BS) uses a frequency-selective fading channel to connect with a single-antenna user. We assumed that the base station implements fully-connected hybrid beamforming and multi-carrier modulation to provide ultra-high data rates. Incorporating the combined impact of molecular absorption, high sparsity, and multi-path fading, we analyzed a three-dimensional wideband THz channel and the carrier frequency offset in multi-carrier systems. With this model, we first presented a two-stage wideband hybrid beamforming technique comprising Riemannian manifolds optimization for analog beamforming and then a zero-forcing (ZF) approach for digital beamforming. We adjusted the objective function to reduce complexity, and instead of maximizing the bit rate, we determined parameters by minimizing interference. Numerical results demonstrate the significance of considering ICI for practical implementation for the THz system. We demonstrated how our change in problem formulation minimizes latency without compromising results. We also evaluated spectral efficiency by varying the number of RF chains and antennas. The spectral efficiency grows as the number of RF chains and antennas increases, but the spectral efficiency of antennas declines when the number of users increases.

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