--- layout: post esbma_id: 1690 title: 6: WPF 3D vs. Ray Tracing date: 2007-07-18 13:00:00 ---
This entry is part 6 of a 12-part series on WPF 3D.
To understand what something is, sometimes it is helpful to talk about what it is not.
WPF 3D is not a ray tracer.
The two common ways of rendering 3D objects are:
It is generally true that ray tracing produces higher quality images. So why do we bother with the other method when our grandfathers told us that anything worth doing is worth doing right? Our grandfathers were not software developers. Ray tracing is hundreds or thousands of times slower. Given a choice between a good rendering in 10 milliseconds or a great rendering in 10 seconds, there are times we want to choose the former.
But what is this difference between good and great? We always say that ray tracing produces higher quality images, but I've seen some pretty amazing stuff rendered by OpenGL or Direct3D. Exactly how are ray-traced images of higher quality?
Remember in part 5 when I said that every polygon can be decomposed into triangles? This is true, but not everything is a polygon. What if you want to render a sphere? You can only approximate a sphere with a triangle mesh.
Ray tracing doesn't have this problem. A ray tracer will usually represent a sphere in a more exact fashion. It knows how to intersect rays with the equation of a sphere. The quality of the resulting image is limited only by the resolution of that image.
Accelerated graphics APIs like OpenGL do not automatically draw shadows or reflections. There just isn't any good way to calculate shadows when you're trying to render 60 frames per second. Reflections are even worse.
But both of these things are quite simple for a ray tracer. Want to find shadows? Fire a ray and find the 3D point where it intersects. Then fire a ray from that point to the light source. If the second ray doesn't hit the light source directly, you are in a shadow.
The quintessential demo for a ray tracer is a chrome sphere casting a shadow on the floor.
Remember in part 2 when I was fussing about transparency? Accelerated graphics APIs need you to sort things because they use a shortcut called a Z-buffer. Ray tracing can do transparency more accurately because it's not in such a hurry. A ray tracer can take the time to intersect every ray with every object in the scene, just to make sure it doesn't miss anything.
As I write this, I look out the window to my left and see the University of Illinois campus. The fall semester will start in six weeks or so. I assume that one of this fall's classes will be "Introduction to Computer Graphics". I further assume that there will be approximately 100 students in that class, and that each of them will be asked to write a ray tracer.
A little web research suggests that in the United States there are 479 colleges and universities that offer a computer science program. Extending my assumptions to the national level, I figure all of them have a computer graphics course with an average of 50 students every semester. So as a society, each year we are producing over 47,000 new ray tracer implementations.
And that's just here in the United States. When I think about all the other CS students worldwide, I shudder to think how many homeless ray tracers are being born every year. (Please, folks, have your ray tracer spayed or neutered.)
As long as we're writing so many ray tracers, why not write one for WPF?
Because WPF 3D is built on a "retained scene" model, a Viewport3D object has all the information necessary for rendering. We can write a ray tracer which takes a Viewport3D and returns an image which was constructed by ray tracing its contents. Basically, it's the same task as writing any other ray tracer, except instead of creating a new scene description language, you just use the one provided by WPF.
Remember of course that in WPF, everything is a triangle. So don't expect photorealistic rendering of a chrome sphere unless your triangles are really small.
But I still think a WPF ray tracer would actually be useful. If you already have a Viewport3D anyway, it might be nice to be able to paste it into a WPF ray tracer and get a rendering which has reflections and shadows.
I'll get you started. The shell of your ray tracer will probably look something like this:
public BitmapSource
RayTrace(Viewport3D vp)
{
int width = (int)vp.Width;
int height = (int)vp.Height;
byte[] pixelData = new
byte[width * height * 3];
for (int c
= 0; c < width; c++)
{
for (int
r = 0; r < height; r++)
{
Color clr = GetColorForPixel(vp, c,
r);
pixelData[(r * width + c) * 3 + 0] = clr.R;
pixelData[(r * width + c) * 3 + 1] = clr.G;
pixelData[(r * width + c) * 3 + 2] = clr.B;
}
}
BitmapSource bmpSource = BitmapSource.Create(
width, height,
96, 96,
PixelFormats.Rgb24,
null, pixelData, width * 3);
return bmpSource;
}
Now you basically just need to implement GetColorForPixel(). One of the first lines of that method is probably going to look like this:
RayMeshGeometry3DHitTestResult hit =
(RayMeshGeometry3DHitTestResult)
VisualTreeHelper.HitTest(vp, new Point(c, r));
Also, in RayTrace(), before you start the loop, you probably want to walk through all the children of the Viewport3D and find all the lights. This will save you the cost of doing that search once for every pixel.
Enjoy!


| Test Case | FINISH-0020 |
| Title | Pressing back while podcast is playing, terminates play |
| Objective | This test case is intended to verify the following implied or specified requirements:
This test case demonstrates that while playing a podcast, if a user presses the back, the podcast is terminated and it will be treated as though the podcast has completed. |
| Setup |
|
| Actions |
|
| Expected | Pressing the back kill terminates the play of the audio currently in progress and treats this the same as pausing the podcast. |
| Results | PASSED |
| Cleanup |
|
| Requirements | SFWIAUDIO-PR-FINISHED-020 |


SouthWolf ( Song Fei )
Weibo: @southwolf1813
Credit-card Sized Computer
Single-board Microprocessor with Great Toolsets
void main(void) {
WDTCTL = WDTPW + WDTHOLD; // Password, and stop the timer
P1DIR = 0x40; // P1 Direction is OUTPUT
P1OUT = 0; // P1 OUTPUT low
BCSCTL3 |= LFXT1S_2; // VLO
IFG1 &= ~OFIFG; // Use DCO if clock fault
_bis_SR_register(SCG1 + SCG0); //stop DCO to wait for VLO
BCSCTL2 |= SELM_3 + DIVM_3;
while(1) {
P1OUT = 0x40;
_delay_cycles(100);
P1OUT = 0;
_delay_cycles(5000);
}
}
void setup() {
pinMode(RED_LED, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(RED_LED, HIGH); // turn the LED on
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(RED_LED, LOW); // turn the LED off
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}
A small, cheap, stackable Arduino
Arduino powered Quadcopter
3D printing Shells!
Thanks www.BaoZouManHua.com and @ShiningRay
Made by hand with reveal.js
Contact Me
Weibo: @southwolf1813


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| org.joda.* |
|---|
| org.joda.time.DateTimeConstants | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
AD |
1 |
public static final int |
AM |
0 |
public static final int |
APRIL |
4 |
public static final int |
AUGUST |
8 |
public static final int |
BC |
0 |
public static final int |
BCE |
0 |
public static final int |
CE |
1 |
public static final int |
DAYS_PER_WEEK |
7 |
public static final int |
DECEMBER |
12 |
public static final int |
FEBRUARY |
2 |
public static final int |
FRIDAY |
5 |
public static final int |
HOURS_PER_DAY |
24 |
public static final int |
HOURS_PER_WEEK |
168 |
public static final int |
JANUARY |
1 |
public static final int |
JULY |
7 |
public static final int |
JUNE |
6 |
public static final int |
MARCH |
3 |
public static final int |
MAY |
5 |
public static final int |
MILLIS_PER_DAY |
86400000 |
public static final int |
MILLIS_PER_HOUR |
3600000 |
public static final int |
MILLIS_PER_MINUTE |
60000 |
public static final int |
MILLIS_PER_SECOND |
1000 |
public static final int |
MILLIS_PER_WEEK |
604800000 |
public static final int |
MINUTES_PER_DAY |
1440 |
public static final int |
MINUTES_PER_HOUR |
60 |
public static final int |
MINUTES_PER_WEEK |
10080 |
public static final int |
MONDAY |
1 |
public static final int |
NOVEMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
OCTOBER |
10 |
public static final int |
PM |
1 |
public static final int |
SATURDAY |
6 |
public static final int |
SECONDS_PER_DAY |
86400 |
public static final int |
SECONDS_PER_HOUR |
3600 |
public static final int |
SECONDS_PER_MINUTE |
60 |
public static final int |
SECONDS_PER_WEEK |
604800 |
public static final int |
SEPTEMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
SUNDAY |
7 |
public static final int |
THURSDAY |
4 |
public static final int |
TUESDAY |
2 |
public static final int |
WEDNESDAY |
3 |
| org.joda.time.MonthDay | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DAY_OF_MONTH |
1 |
public static final int |
MONTH_OF_YEAR |
0 |
| org.joda.time.MutableDateTime | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ROUND_CEILING |
2 |
public static final int |
ROUND_FLOOR |
1 |
public static final int |
ROUND_HALF_CEILING |
4 |
public static final int |
ROUND_HALF_EVEN |
5 |
public static final int |
ROUND_HALF_FLOOR |
3 |
public static final int |
ROUND_NONE |
0 |
| org.joda.time.TimeOfDay | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
HOUR_OF_DAY |
0 |
public static final int |
MILLIS_OF_SECOND |
3 |
public static final int |
MINUTE_OF_HOUR |
1 |
public static final int |
SECOND_OF_MINUTE |
2 |
| org.joda.time.YearMonth | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
MONTH_OF_YEAR |
1 |
public static final int |
YEAR |
0 |
| org.joda.time.YearMonthDay | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DAY_OF_MONTH |
2 |
public static final int |
MONTH_OF_YEAR |
1 |
public static final int |
YEAR |
0 |
| org.joda.time.chrono.BuddhistChronology | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
BE |
1 |
| org.joda.time.chrono.CopticChronology | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
AM |
1 |
| org.joda.time.chrono.EthiopicChronology | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
EE |
1 |
| org.joda.time.chrono.IslamicChronology | ||
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
AH |
1 |
|
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While importing data into Power BI, you may encounter errors resulting from factors such as:
The following sections cover some of the more common error messages that you might encounter in Power BI.
Relational source systems often have many people who are concurrently using the same data in the same database. Some relational systems and their administrators seek to limit a user from monopolizing all hardware resources by setting a query timeout. These timeouts can be configured for any timespan, from as little as five seconds to as much as 30 minutes or more.
For instance, if you’re pulling data from your organization’s SQL Server, you might see the error shown in the following figure.
This error indicates that you’ve pulled too much data according to your organization’s policies. Administrators incorporate this policy to avoid slowing down a different application or suite of applications that might also be using that database.
You can resolve this error by pulling fewer columns or rows from a single table. While you are writing SQL statements, it might be a common practice to include groupings and aggregations. You can also join multiple tables in a single SQL statement. Additionally, you can perform complicated subqueries and nested queries in a single statement. These complexities add to the query processing requirements of the relational system and can greatly elongate the time of implementation.
If you need the rows, columns, and complexity, consider taking small chunks of data and then bringing them back together by using Power Query. For instance, you can combine half the columns in one query and the other half in a different query. Power Query can merge those two queries back together after you are finished.
Occasionally, you may encounter the “We couldn’t find any data formatted as a table” error while importing data from Microsoft Excel. Fortunately, this error is self-explanatory. Power BI expects to find data formatted as a table from Excel. The error event tells you the resolution. Perform the following steps to resolve the issue:
Open your Excel workbook, and highlight the data that you want to import.
Press the Ctrl-T keyboard shortcut. The first row will likely be your column headers.
Verify that the column headers reflect how you want to name your columns. Then, try to import data from Excel again. This time, it should work.
While importing data from a file, you may get the "Could not find file" error.
Usually, this error is caused by the file moving locations or the permissions to the file changing. If the cause is the former, you need to find the file and change the source settings.
Open Power Query by selecting the Transform Data button in Power BI.
Highlight the query that is creating the error.
On the left, under Query Settings, select the gear icon next to Source.
Change the file location to the new location.
Sometimes, when you import data into Power BI, the columns appear blank. This situation happens because of an error in interpreting the data type in Power BI. The resolution to this error is unique to the data source. For instance, if you are importing data from SQL Server and see blank columns, you could try to convert to the correct data type in the query.
Instead of using this query:
SELECT CustomerPostalCode FROM Sales.Customers
Use this query:
SELECT CAST(CustomerPostalCode as varchar(10)) FROM Sales.Customers
By specifying the correct type at the data source, you eliminate many of these common data source errors.
You may encounter different types of errors in Power BI that are caused by the diverse data source systems where your data resides. If you encounter an error that was not discussed in the preceding sections, you can search Microsoft documentation for the error message to find the resolution you need.


Common math operators like
sin
,
cos
must be typeset as
\sin
,
\cos
. Otherwise
sin
is interpreted as the product of variables
s
,
i
and
n
, for example.


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Red Cards Limited
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3
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Lunar's Day Card
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it's me Cassander
I like apples and tacos, soup, burgers, pasta, muffins, cookies, cheetahs, snakes, bears, wolfs, and lizards
videoChronicals of Narnia
My favorite book is mercy watson and I am reading spirit animals I like narnia, magic tree house, Heroes in Training and more
J'ai habité à New york
I lived in New york
J'étudie a paris
I study in paris
Elle est francaise
She is french
Elle s'apelle
Her name is
je travilles ici
I work here
Je suis à e'tudien
I am a student
Le pere
A father
Pual et son pere
Paul and his father
Ton chat
Your cat
mon chat
My cat
Le frere
The brother
Nous voulons une voirture
We whant a car
Nous Mangeons
We are eating
| subject | verb |
|---|---|
| je | e |
| tu | es |
| il/elle | e |
| nous | ons |
| vous | ez |
| ils/elles | ent |
When I am a grown up I whant to be a helicopter pilot
| Operation | Thousands | Hundreds | Tens | Ones | . | Tenth | Hundredth |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0 | 5 | |||||
| x10 |
1 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
click on each picture and it will take you to the page
This is what the wireless controler should look like,and this one is $19


If I compare the last 2014 - 2018 years, I think in that bull and bear runs, I should have sold my alts for BTC while those were still up, even in the middle of bull or bear run.(edited)
Cryptoon16-Aug-18 08:51 AM
only that btc precedes altcoin prices
With the knowledge I have now I could probably have had 10-1000x more to what I have now
But hindsight is a cruel mistress :p
grewalsatinder16-Aug-18 08:51 AM
I still don't have the knowledge....
Cryptoon16-Aug-18 08:52 AM
haha I meant more in the sense of btc peaks dec 23rd
switch to alt x y z
cashout jan 20th or whatever
move back in november 1st 2018
or so :p
grewalsatinder16-Aug-18 08:52 AM
even after years, I feel I haven't learned much...some but not enough....
Cryptoon16-Aug-18 08:52 AM
Can you ever learn enough
grewalsatinder16-Aug-18 08:53 AM
if I can feel like, that I'm Okay this bear run or bull run, that will make me feel, yes, that's okay kinda learnt...
don't have that feeling yet
Deleted User16-Aug-18 08:53 AM
Im gonna purposely make mistakes until I get lucky
thats the plan
grewalsatinder16-Aug-18 09:29 AM
trading wizards.... what is the possibility of KMD's price going to almost half of what it is now? in btc terms ?
WhiteWidow16-Aug-18 09:34 AM
37.46% (edited)
grewalsatinder16-Aug-18 09:36 AM
I haven't been to local bitcoin meetup in months. I usually got such conversations and help from those meetups. miss them now.
blackjok3r16-Aug-18 10:01 AM
To me it seem at the floor, if we dump further in btc from here IMO we are in big trouble.
grewalsatinder16-Aug-18 10:02 AM
It always happens, if my experience from NXT days applies here....
but then again have to wait for alt bull season....
in that case the value goes beyond expectations.....
since we are in long bear market, my trouble is keeping my monthly expenses fine and portfolio in shape....
I found it hardest to do since I entered this space....
Hollowman900016-Aug-18 10:31 AM
I always focus on self improvement during these times
“Damn, well crypto ain’t gonna save me, better get to unfucking my shit”(edited)
I once calculated that for every euro you put into the euromillions in europe, you have an expected value of 0.27€
Deleted User16-Aug-18 11:20 AM
thats not as bad as i thought
Cryptoon16-Aug-18 11:20 AM
I keep playing from time to time anyway
Degenerate for life
Deleted User16-Aug-18 11:21 AM
"You never know" what if that one time you dont buy it, was the lifechanger. but thats the whole 'dont wanna miss out fomo'
Cryptoon16-Aug-18 11:21 AM
The 30 mins after you buy a ticket where you think of the house or car or whatever you are going to buy when you win 100M€
Worth it
And then get back to fucking work
life on the grind
Deleted User16-Aug-18 11:22 AM
law of attraction
sigil magick
we got this
I've heard of people doing the house draws, and they go visit the house in the prize pool and leave their undies in the drawers, take shits in the toilets
in hopes of attracting the good luck.  We better moon soon
#Crypto world..did you see that coming?
#Repositioning #Rebranding #Komodo $KMD
@KomodoPlatform
Cryptoon16-Aug-18 01:22 PM
I dont understand that tweet, are we rebranding?
shnu16-Aug-18 01:24 PM
Komodo 2.0 will get us there.
Cryptoon16-Aug-18 01:39 PM
Ah k
shnu16-Aug-18 01:43 PM
It does seems to be catching some attention though.. as ppl are not used to seeing anything else in the top three.
JimD16-Aug-18 05:09 PM
When KMD recovery ?
Cryptoon16-Aug-18 05:11 PM
When BTC recovery?
1
JimD16-Aug-18 05:18 PM
I like to live in fantasy land where the value of my alts is not intrinsically linked to the value of BTC
Cryptoon16-Aug-18 05:19 PM
Wouldn't that be a fantastic world to live in?
Anyway, with all the action going on in #cc-general#deleted-channel and other channels, the tech that is planned and being actively developped at komodo, I think it's only a matter of time.
JimD16-Aug-18 05:25 PM
ya, thats why I like KMD
so many shitcoins out there with outrageous valuations


mixed openssl_csr_new ( array $dn , resource &$privkey [, array $configargs [, array $extraattribs ]] )
openssl_csr_new() generates a new CSR (Certificate Signing Request) based on the information provided by dn, which represents the Distinguished Name to be used in the certificate. Note: You need to have a valid openssl.cnf installed for this function to operate correctly. See the notes under the installation section for more information.
Returns the CSR.


---
products:
new:
limit: {{theme_settings.homepage_new_products_count}}
---
{{#partial "page"}}
{{> components/common/breadcrumbs breadcrumbs=breadcrumbs}}
{{lang 'account.recent_items.heading' }}
{{> components/account/navigation account_page='recent_items'}}
{{#unless customer.recently_viewed_products.items}}
{{> components/common/alert-info (lang 'account.recent_items.no_items')}}
{{/unless}}
{{/partial}}
{{> layout/base}}


smartiniongithub.github.com
Archive Page for my old projects at GitHUB
Grails Plugins:
apache-pivot-grails
, Grails Plugin for Apache Pivot
grails-angularjs-resources
, Grails Plugin for AngularJS Resources
grails-akka
, Grails Plugin for Akka Integration
grails-scala
, Grails Plugin for Scala
grails-offline-app
, Grails Plugin for Offline HTML Applications
Others:
dynamic-loaders
, utility classes to simplify Dynamic Loading of Classes in the JVM
groovytransforms
, utility classes to simplify integration of Groovy and Scala code
Experiments:
backend-server-akka
, Lightweight Application Server for Akka actors, for Backend systems
buoi
, Browser User Oriented Interface
gino
, Graphical Interface and Nothing Other
Tests/Work-in-progress:
akka-tests
, sample projects to do some tests with Akka in Java and other JVM-based languages
grails3-refresh-styles
, test pages for a little style refresh on Grails 3.1.x default pages (at different working stages, see index page inside)
Various:
dart-samples
, some original Dart Sample Apps, here only to try "live"
Copyright and license
Licensed under the
Apache License, Version 2.0
.


HLA-A*31:100
Back to allele selection.
Motif
Length distribution
Extracted MHC positions (pseudosequence)
YTAMYQENVAHIDVDTLYGIMYDQDYTWAVLAYTWYX
Alleles with identical predictions
HLA-A*31:100 has identical extracted MHC positions (pseudosequence) as the following others. Predictions for these alleles are the same.
- HLA-A*31:102
- HLA-A*31:103
- HLA-A*31:105
- HLA-A*31:106
- HLA-A*31:107
- HLA-A*31:112
- HLA-A*31:120
- HLA-A*31:121
- HLA-A*31:122
- HLA-A*31:127
- HLA-A*31:130
- HLA-A*31:140
- HLA-A*31:154
- HLA-A*31:19
- HLA-A*31:26
- HLA-A*31:27
- HLA-A*31:35
- HLA-A*31:37
- HLA-A*31:38
- HLA-A*31:39
- HLA-A*31:42
- HLA-A*31:44
- HLA-A*31:47
- HLA-A*31:49
- HLA-A*31:50
- HLA-A*31:51
- HLA-A*31:52
- HLA-A*31:53
- HLA-A*31:54
- HLA-A*31:57
- HLA-A*31:58
- HLA-A*31:63
- HLA-A*31:64
- HLA-A*31:67
- HLA-A*31:68
- HLA-A*31:69
- HLA-A*31:70
- HLA-A*31:77
- HLA-A*31:78
- HLA-A*31:80
- HLA-A*31:83
- HLA-A*31:84
- HLA-A*31:85
- HLA-A*31:86
- HLA-A*31:87
- HLA-A*31:90
- HLA-A*31:92
- HLA-A*31:93
- HLA-A*31:94
- HLA-A*31:96
- HLA-A*31:98


The pictures below were taken with a Ricoh Theta S camera, click to start a photo spinning, click and drag to see it at your own pace.
In this example, notice how the first image behave when you start interacting with the second - it stops rendering, so as to not over-burden the browser. You can set data-behave="false" to turn this feature off.


Census data 1801 – 2011
This example illustrates how you might use the After the Flood London Squared module for D3 to visualise time series data across all London boroughs.


The Private Torrent
A special repo that used for bypassing limit of private torrents which given by websites
View project on
GitHub


--- layout: default title: License date: 2016-08-24 21:04:09.000000000 +03:00 type: page published: true status: publish categories: [] tags: [] meta: {} author: login: jwikholm email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Jan Wikholm first_name: '' last_name: '' ---
localhost.exposed including Path to OSCP by Jan Wikholm is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
(If you use my work, please let me know so I can promote your work too!)
Based on material at https://localhost.exposed/.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license are listed below.
If you are interested in using any or all bits of my content in something that is of commercial nature, please feel free to contact me through social media or email.


{{ with .Site.Params.copyright }} {{ . | markdownify }} {{ else }} © Copyright {{ now.Format "2006"}} {{ .Site.Params.Author }} {{ end }}
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Pause:
Number of interrupts:
Arrival:
Leave:
Real:
Tasksheet
Tasksheet summary
Task
Everybody
All task
Timesheet
Date
Arrival
Leave
Time (hour)
Days
Workhours
Σ
Expected Σ
Diff
Identifier
Active
Sum
User profile updated
The time of leave by default is the real time of leave minus the sum of the pauses for the given day. This behaviour can be changed in the Settings menu.
The time of leave by default is the real time of leave minus the sum of the pauses for the given day. This behaviour can be changed in the Settings menu.
Search by task name fragments. Define OR expressions with comma, AND expressions with space. Example: intranet support, web
Select your current task from the list below. You can specify the start of the activity in the input field for the task. In HH:MM exact time can be specified, while with a simple number you can specify how many minutes ago did you start the task. If you leave the field empty, the activity will be measured from the time you pressed the button.
Specify your task for the selected day for a given time. Use HH:MM format.
Minutes
Hours
Man-Days
Token
Type
Expiration


Next did not start easily. The minute it was created, the six co-founders found themselves sued by their former employer, Apple. The fruit company was accusing them of stealing their technology.
As a result, for its first year or so of existence, the new company could not work on any product in particular, since there was a chance they would lose the trial and give all the technologies they had worked on back to Apple. In the meantime, Steve Jobs set up to build the perfect company.


Trials are underway to see whether blood products from people who have recovered from COVID-19 can help boost the immune response of people with severe infection.
People who have recovered from COVID-19 will have produced specific antibodies that target the virus and mark it out for destruction by other immune cells. These antibodies remain in the clear blood fluid (plasma) after they recover. Doctors are carrying out trials to find out whether giving an infusion of this ‘convalescent plasma’ from a donor could help people who are seriously ill. Convalescent plasma has been used to treat other respiratory viruses, including SARS, in the past.
To date, only a few observational reports are available on its use in COVID-19, which cannot provide good evidence. However, 22 randomised controlled trials are now underway, which should give more reliable results on whether this investigational product is a safe and effective treatment for COVID-19.
Several media outlets (NBC and Mail Online) have reported on the use of convalescent plasma in hospitals. Healthcare services in the UK and US among other countries are asking people who have recovered from COVID-19 to register to donate their plasma. However, a Cochrane systematic review of studies completed so far said there was not yet enough evidence to say whether it works. Convalescent plasma is regulated as an investigational product, for use in trials currently.
In late April, the Cochrane review searched for studies that reported using convalescent plasma to treat COVID-19. They identified eight observational studies, including 32 patients, most of whom needed respiratory support. Patients were followed up from between 3 and 37 days after transfusion.
None of the patients died during follow-up. Six studies reported seeing improvement in patient symptoms after transfusion. However, the quality of reporting was poor, and the researchers could not extract sufficient information about these improvements. Neither were the studies consistent in their reporting of admissions to intensive care, duration of stay, or discharges from hospital.
Therefore this provides very limited evidence on the effect of convalescent plasma. Because there was no comparison group of patients receiving standard or alternative care, we do not know whether any improvements were a direct result of the infusion. They might have been due to other treatment, or just reflected the natural course of the infection.
However, two patients in two studies experienced adverse reactions. One got a fever after having the infusion of convalescent plasma, while another had a serious allergic reaction. Therefore the risk-benefit balance also needs to be considered.
Encouragingly, the review identified 48 ongoing studies, 22 of which are randomised controlled trials. These should balance out any differences in patient characteristics and give more reliable information about whether convalescent plasma is a safe and effective treatment for COVID-19.
Earlier this month, the UK Advisory Committee on the Safety of Blood, Tissues and Organs (SaBTO) outlined the proposal to collect donated blood from individuals with 28 days of their recovery from COVID-19. The optimal donors are expected to be those who have been hospitalised with severe infection, as they would have produced the highest antibody levels.
The proposal highlights the current restriction that people who have been transfused since 1980 are not currently able to donate blood due to risk of vCJD transmission. This would mean that people who receive convalescent plasma could not then donate themselves, potentially limiting future donor numbers. They provisionally propose that these individuals should be allowed to donate as the risk is low.


lucee.Component logbox.system.core.util.FileUtils
This is a File Utilities CFC
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
void
|
appendFile(any FileToSave, any FileContents, [string CharSet='utf-8'], [boolean CheckCharSetFlag='false'])
Facade to append to a file's content. |
string
|
checkCharSet(string charset)
Check a charset with valid CF char sets, if invalid, it returns the framework's default character set. |
void
|
createFile(String filename)
Create a new empty fileusing java. |
void
|
directoryCopy(string source, string destination)
Copies an entire source directory to a destination directory. |
void
|
directoryCreate(string path='', [string mode='755'])
Create a new directory. |
void
|
directoryNew(string path, string name)
Creates a new directory on the file system. |
void
|
directoryRemove(string path='', [boolean recurse='true'])
Remove an entire directory. |
void
|
directoryRename(string path, string name)
Renames a directory on the file system. |
boolean
|
fileCanRead(String Filename)
Check wether you can read a file. |
boolean
|
fileCanWrite(String Filename)
Check wether you can write to a file. |
string
|
fileLastModified(string filename)
Get the last modified date of a file. |
string
|
fileSize(string filename, [string sizeFormat='bytes'])
Get the filesize of a file. |
string
|
getAbsolutePath(string path)
Turn any system path, either relative or absolute, into a fully qualified one. |
string
|
getFileMimeType(string extension)
Get's the file mime type for a given file extension. |
boolean
|
isDirectory(String Filename)
Check wether the filename argument is a directory or not. |
boolean
|
isFile(String Filename)
Checks whether the filename argument is a file or not. |
any
|
readFile(String FileToRead, [boolean ReadInBinaryFlag='false'], [string CharSet='utf-8'], [boolean CheckCharSetFlag='false'])
Facade to Read a file's content. |
boolean
|
removeFile(string filename)
Remove a file using java. |
void
|
renameFile(string path, string name)
Renames a directory on the file system. |
string
|
ripExtension(string filename)
Rip the extension of a filename. |
void
|
saveFile(any FileToSave, any FileContents, [string CharSet='utf-8'], [boolean CheckCharSetFlag='false'])
Facade to save a file's content. |
void
|
sendFile([any file=''], [string name=''], [string mimeType=''], [string disposition='attachment'], [boolean abortAtEnd='false'], [string extension=''], [string deleteFile='false'])
Send a file to the browser. |
any
|
uploadFile(string fileField, string destination, [string nameConflict='makeunique'], [string accept=''], [string attributes='Normal'], [string mode='755'])
Facade to upload to a file, returns the cffile variable. |
| Methods inherited from class lucee.Component |
|---|
| None |
| Method Detail |
|---|
Facade to append to a file's content
FileToSave
- The absolute path to the file.FileContents
- The file contentsCharSet
- CF File CharSet Encoding to use.CheckCharSetFlag
- Check the charset.Check a charset with valid CF char sets, if invalid, it returns the framework's default character set
charset
- Charset to checkCreate a new empty fileusing java.io.File.
filename
- The absolute path of the file to create.Copies an entire source directory to a destination directory
source
destination
Create a new directory
path
- The full path to removemode
- The mode of the file for Unix systems, the default is 755Creates a new directory on the file system.
path
- The absolute path of the base directory. The new directory will be a sub-directory of this path.name
- The name of the new directory.Remove an entire directory
path
- The full path to removerecurse
- Recurse or notRenames a directory on the file system.
path
- The absolute path of the directory. This directory will be renamed to the name argument.name
- The new name of the directory.Check wether you can read a file
Filename
- The absolute path of the file to check.Check wether you can write to a file
Filename
- The absolute path of the file to check.Get the last modified date of a file
filename
Get the filesize of a file.
filename
sizeFormat
- Available formats: [bytes][kbytes][mbytes][gbytes]Turn any system path, either relative or absolute, into a fully qualified one
path
- Abstract pathnameGet's the file mime type for a given file extension
extension
- e.g. jpg or gifCheck wether the filename argument is a directory or not
Filename
- The absolute path of the file to check.Checks whether the filename argument is a file or not.
Filename
- The absolute path of the file to check.Facade to Read a file's content
FileToRead
- The absolute path to the file.ReadInBinaryFlag
- Read in binary flag.CharSet
- CF File CharSet Encoding to use.CheckCharSetFlag
- Check the charset.Remove a file using java.io.File
filename
- The absolute path to the file.Renames a directory on the file system.
path
- The absolute path of the file to renamename
- The new name of the file.Rip the extension of a filename.
filename
Facade to save a file's content
FileToSave
- The absolute path to the file.FileContents
- The file contentsCharSet
- CF File CharSet Encoding to use.CheckCharSetFlag
- Check the charset.Send a file to the browser
file
- The absolute path to the file or a binary filename
- The name to send the file to the browser. If not sent in, it will use the name of the file or a UUID for a binary filemimeType
- A valid mime type to use. If not sent in, we will try to use a default one according to file extensiondisposition
- The browser content disposition (attachment/inline)abortAtEnd
- Do an abort after content sendingextension
- Only used if file is binary. e.g. jpg or gifdeleteFile
- Delete the file after sending. Only used if file is not binaryFacade to upload to a file, returns the cffile variable.
fileField
- The name of the form field used to select the filedestination
- The absolute path to the destination.nameConflict
- Action to take if filename is the same as that of a file in the directory.accept
- Limits the MIME types to accept. Comma-delimited list.attributes
- Comma-delimitted list of window file attributesmode
- The mode of the file for Unix systems, the default is 755


POS Disable Payment
Disable payments in POS
The module allows to disable payments in POS and in addition set up the following options:
- Disable create order line
- Disable removing non-empty order
- Disable discount button
- Disable edit price button
- Disable decrease order line
- Disable removing order line
- Disable refunds
- Disable customer selection
This could be useful when using POS only to get price of item by barcode.
Also it could help to solve the problem related to the theft of money by staff members (e.g., the situation is possible when employee can print the bill, take money, then delete all lines and restart a new order on the same order).
To use go to Settings → Users section, open user edit form and move to "Point of Sale" tab.


MPI support¶
Nonpareil supports MPI (Message Passing Interface) since v2.2. This code is stable, but MPI support only covers the alignment kernel, not the k-mer kernel.
Requirements¶
You will first need OpenMPI in your computer. There are other MPI
implementations, but Nonpareil only supports OpenMPI (by now). Once you have it,
you should have at least the C++ compiler (typically mpic++
) and the
interactive executable (typically mpirun
). If you have the compiler in a
non-standard location (for example, to coexist with mpich), change the value of
mpicpp
in the globals.mk
file. Once you are ready, simply run:
cd nonpareil # or wherever you have the nonpareil folder
make nonpareil-mpi
That's it. Now you should have the nonpareil-mpi
binary, that you can place
in a location listed in your $PATH
if you want.
Running Nonpareil MPI¶
Get your machines ready. If you are familiar with MPI skip directly to #3. If you have your own infrastructure, just make sure they are MPI-capable (network, permissions, software, etc.). If you are using a cluster, just request as many machines as you need (see the resources section below). For example, to request 10 machines with 16 CPUs each in PBS, use
-l nodes=10:ppn=16
.Obtain the machine names. Just prepare a raw text file with the list of machines you want to use. If you are using PBS, you can do this by running:
cat $PBS_NODEFILE | awk 'NR%16==0' > hosts.txt # Change the '16' by the number of CPUs you are using (the value of ppn).
Run Nonpareil MPI. All you need is to call
nonpareil-mpi
withmpirun
. For example, if you want to use 10 machines, with 16 CPUs each, and the list of machines is inhosts.txt
, then run:mpirun -np 10 -machinefile hosts.txt nonpareil-mpi -t 16 -s path/to/your/sequences.fasta -b output ...
Note that the options of
nonpareil-mpi
are the exact same as fornonpareil
. Just remember that the value of-t
is the number of threads per machine, not the total number of CPUs.
Resources¶
If you are interested on MPI, I'm assuming you have big files, so you may be also concerned about resources allocation.
- How much memory you will need?
- In the Nonpareil 1 paper (Suppl. Fig. 6) you can see the linear
relationship between maximum required RAM and the size of the dataset. The
function is approximately
RAM = Size + 2
, whereRAM
andSize
are both in Gb. You can use less RAM than that, and Nonpareil will adapt, but it'll take longer running times. This value is the "maximum required", which means that if you assign more RAM than that, it won't make any difference. Now, that value is the total RAM required. That means that if you use the MPI implementation, you can divideSize
by the number of computers you are using, and then apply the function above. For example, if you have a 50Gb dataset, you will need (maximum) 52Gb (50 + 2) of RAM for the standard implementation of Nonpareil. However, if you use the MPI version with, for example, 10 machines, you'll need (maximum) 7Gb (50/10 + 2) on each machine. - How many machines you will need?
- I don't have a large benchmarking yet for the MPI version, but at the end it really depends on your resources. If you have more machines, it will run faster (unless you have a very small dataset) and it will require less memory (as discussed above).
- Should I use more machines or more threads?
Again, it depends on your resources. Multi-threading is (in general) more efficient, because it doesn't have the overhead of network communication. That means that you should favor more CPUs over more machines. However, there are some aspects to take into account. One, as discussed above, is the RAM. More machines = less RAM per machine, while more threads have little impact on RAM usage (actually, more threads = slighly more RAM). Another catch is the resources availability. It is possible that you have tens of machines for your exclusive use, but most likely you are actually sharing resources through a cluster architecture. If you ask for 64 processors per node (assuming you have 64-core machines) you will probably have to wait in queue for quite some time. If you ask for 4 machines, and 64 processors per node, you will likely be waiting in queue for hours or days. However, the same number of threads (256) can be gathered by asking for 16 machines, and 16 processors per node. If you do that, you will give the scheduler more flexibility (note that the nodes=4 ppn=64 is a special case of nodes=16 and ppn=16) hence reducing your queue time. You may be asking: can I simply ask for nodes=256 and ppn=1? Well... you can, but as I said multi-threading is more efficient than multi-nodes, so don't go to the extremes. Also, Nonpareil has three expensive steps:
- Reading the fasta, which is strictly linear: only one thread is used in only one machine. This process is linear in time with the size of the input file.
- Comparing reads, which is threaded and multi-node. This is by far the most expensive step, and it is distributed across machines and across CPUs on each machine. This process is linear in time with the size of the input file.
- Subsampling, which is threaded but not multi-node. This step is not too
expensive, and it's nearly constant time. With default parameters, it
takes about 2 minutes with 64 threads, but it grows if you reduce
-i
. The time on this step is reduced by more threads (-t
), but not by more machines.
- How can I evaluate the performance in pilot runs?
- I must say: I rarely do pilot runs. However, I'm often interested on
performance for future runs (for example, for other projects). There are two
sources of information that can be handy. One, is the OS itself (or the PBS
output file, if you have a good Epiloge configured). For example, to measure
the total RAM used, the total walltime, real time, user time, etc. Another
source is the .npl file, which contains a log of the Nonpareil run (assuming
you used the
-b
option). The number in squared brackets is the CPU time in minutes. Note that the CPU time here is only for the "master" machine. That means: the number of CPU minutes added for all the threads in the main machine. Another useful piece of information is the number of "blocks" used. Ideally, you should have one block per machine; if you have more it means that the RAM assigned (-R
) was insufficient. You can find it right below the "Designing the blocks scheme..." line. In the ideal scenario (enough RAM), you should have one Qry block, and as many Sbj blocks as machines (one, if you are not using the MPI implementation). If you have more than that, you could attain shorter running times by increasing the RAM (-R
).


| dbmanager | index /Users/matteocarniel/EUROPEAN GEOGRAPHY CHAMPION 2K20 -PRO-/dbmanager.py |
Database Manager module is used to manage user database operations.
dbmanager.py will enable you to:
- add a new account with username and password
- check if credentials inserted are present on the database
- remove an account from the database
The module is gonna be called directly to manage database or through the main app
EGC-2K20 to check if the user is registered and allow him access to functionalities.
Example:
Adding a new user:
$ python dbmanager.py -usr test -psw test -add
User [test] succesfully added to database!
Removing a user:
$ python dbmanager.py -usr test -psw test -rm
Successfully removed user [test]
Checking credentials:
$ python dbmanager.py -usr test -psw test -check
Credentials you have inserted for user [test] are the correct ones!
Level of verbosity is regulated through the optional argument of the parser.
.. _Git-hub Repository:
https://github.com/Mint-Afk/EUROPEAN-GEOGRAPHY-CHAMPION-2K20--PRO-.git
| Modules | ||||||
|
| Functions | ||
|
| Data | ||
| conn = None cursor = None |


In my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave me some advice that I've been turning over in my mind ever since.
'Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone,' he told me, 'just remember that all the people in this world haven't had the advantages that you've had.'
In my younger and more vulnerable years my father gave me some advice that I've been turning over in my mind ever since.
'Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone,' he told me, 'just remember that all the people in this world haven't had the advantages that you've had.'


A copy of the 6.0 specification is available from Adobe at http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/tiff/TIFF6.pdf, or from the libtiff ftp site at ftp://ftp.remotesensing.org/pub/libtiff/doc/TIFF6.pdf.
Draft TIFF Technical Note #2 covers problems with the TIFF 6.0 design for embedding JPEG-compressed data in TIFF, and describes an alternative.
Other Adobe information on TIFF can be retrieved from: http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/tiff/index.html
Joris Van Damme maintains a list of known tags and their descriptions and definitions. It is available online at http://www.awaresystems.be/imaging/tiff/tifftags.html
There is a FAQ, related both to TIFF format and libtiff library: http://www.awaresystems.be/imaging/tiff/faq.html
There is a preliminary BigTIFF Design for a TIFF variation supporting files larger than 4GB.


JME3 has an integrated an asset manager that helps you keep your project assets organized. By assets we mean media files, such as 3D models, materials, textures, scenes, shaders, sounds, and fonts. Think of the asset manager as the filesystem of your game, independent of the actual deployment platform. It also manages the appropriate managing of OpenGL objects like textures so that they are e.g. not uploaded to the graphics card multiple times when multiple models use them.
The assetManager
object is an com.jme3.asset.AssetManager instance that every com.jme3.app.Application can access. It maintains a root that also includes your project's classpath by default, so you can load any asset that's on the classpath, that is, the top level of your project directory.
You can use the inherited assetManager
object directly, or use the accessor getAssetManager()
.
Here is an example how you load assets using the AssetManager. This lines loads a default Material from the Common directory:
Material mat = (Material) assetManager.loadAsset( new AssetKey("Common/Materials/RedColor.j3m"));
The Material is "somewhere" in the jME3 JAR, but the default Asset Manager is configured to handle a Common/…
path correctly, so you don't have to specify the whole path.
Additionally, You can configure the Asset Manager and add any path to its root. This means, you can load assets from any project directory you specify.
By default, jME3 searches for models in a directory named assets
. In Java projects created with the jMonkeyPlatform, an assets folder is created by default. Using any other IDE or the command line, you have to create this assets directory as an extra step (see the Codeless Project tip below).
This is our recommended directory structure for storing assets:
MyGame/assets/Interface/ MyGame/assets/MatDefs/ MyGame/assets/Materials/ MyGame/assets/Models/ MyGame/assets/Scenes/ MyGame/assets/Shaders/ MyGame/assets/Sounds/ MyGame/assets/Textures/ MyGame/build.xml # build script MyGame/src/... # source code
These are just the most common examples. You can name the directories inside the assets
directory what ever you like.
Creating a material instance with the definition "Unshaded.j3md":
Material mat_brick = new Material( assetManager, "Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md"); Applying a texture to the material: <code java> mat_brick.setTexture("ColorMap", assetManager.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/BrickWall/BrickWall.jpg"));
Loading a font:
guiFont = assetManager.loadFont("Interface/Fonts/Default.fnt");
Loading a model:
Spatial ninja = assetManager.loadModel("Models/Ninja/Ninja.mesh.xml");
Loading a scene from an Ogre3D dotScene file stored inside a zip:
assetManager.registerLocator("town.zip", ZipLocator.class.getName()); Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel("main.scene"); rootNode.attachChild(scene);
Alternatively to ZipLocator, there is also a HttpZipLocator that can stream models from a zip file online:
assetManager.registerLocator("http://jmonkeyengine.googlecode.com/files/wildhouse.zip", HttpZipLocator.class.getName()); Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel("main.scene"); rootNode.attachChild(scene);
jME3 also offers a ClasspathLocator, ZipLocator, FileLocator, HttpZipLocator, and UrlLocator (see com.jme3.asset.plugins
).
Note: The custom build script does not automatically include ZIP files in the executable build.
| Task? | Solution! |
|---|---|
| Load a model with materials | Use the asset manager's loadModel() method and attach the Spatial to the rootNode. Spatial elephant = assetManager.loadModel("Models/Elephant/Elephant.mesh.xml"); rootNode.attachChild(elephant); Spatial elephant = assetManager.loadModel("Models/Elephant/Elephant.j3o"); rootNode.attachChild(elephant); |
| Load a model without materials | If you have a model without materials, you have to add a default material to make it visible. Spatial teapot = assetManager.loadModel("Models/Teapot/Teapot.obj"); Material mat = new Material(assetManager, "Common/MatDefs/Misc/ShowNormals.j3md"); teapot.setMaterial(mat); rootNode.attachChild(teapot); |
| Load a scene | You load scenes just like you load models: Spatial scene = assetManager.loadModel("Scenes/house/main.scene"); rootNode.attachChild(scene); |
Even if the game runs fine when started from the jMoneykPlatform, an error message similar to the following can occur in the console when you run the stand-alone executables (.JAR, .JNLP, etc).
com.jme3.asset.DesktopAssetManager loadAsset WARNING: Cannot locate resource: Scenes/town/main.scene com.jme3.app.Application handleError SEVERE: Uncaught exception thrown in Thread[LWJGL Renderer Thread,5,main] java.lang.NullPointerException
Reason:
If you use the default build script created by the jMonkeyPlatform then the original OgreXML files are not included in the executable. A stand-alone executable works with .j3o files only. The default build script makes sure to include .j3o files in the executable.
Solution
Before building the executable, you must use the jMonkeyPlatform's context menu action to convert OgreXML models to .j3o format.
assets
directory in the Projects window. If you load the scene from a non.j3o ZIP file, expand the default_build_script to copy the ZIP files.
If you are using another IDE than jMonkeyPlatform for coding, you should create a so-called codeless project in the jMonkeyPlatform to maintain assets. This method will not meddle with your sources or custom build scripts. It simply makes it easier for you to browse game assets, and preview, arrange, and especially convert models to binary.


Part XI: Sound and Music
EditOur game is really coming together now, but it's still missing something… there's no sound yet!
For this game, we're going to keep is simple (as usual). We're going to have a single, continuously looping track that plays while our game is running. We will also have several, simple sound effects that play for different actions. Playing sounds and music in HaxeFlixel is pretty easy, so this will go quickly!
First, you'll need to make your music and sounds. My friend Patrick Crecelius from Fat Bard has provided some music for this tutorial - feel free to use it for this tutorial, or make your own.
I've made a set of sounds, using Bfxr, which you can use if you like, or, make your own!
I've set up 9 sounds to use in our game:
coin.wav - to be used when the player picks up a coin
combat.wav - to be used when combat starts
fled.wav - will play when the player successfully flees from combat
hurt.wav - will play whenever either the player or the enemy hits with an attack
lose.wav - will play when the player dies in combat
miss.wav - will play whenever either the player or the enemy misses with an attack
select.wav - used by buttons and when the player makes a selection
step.wav - used by the player and the enemies for 'footstep' sounds
win.wav - used when the player wins in combat
Once you have your music, place it in "assets/music", and your sound files should go in "assets/sounds".
Now let's change our code to use these sounds:
First, open up Main.hx. Since we want our music to start as soon as the game starts, and loop continuously no matter what happens, we're going to make it start playing outside of our states when we setup our game. In the setupGame function, after our volume-setting code, add:
FlxG.sound.playMusic(AssetPaths.HaxeFlixel_Tutorial_Game__mp3, 1, true);
Be sure to change the file that you want to play, if your music file is named something different.
If you try your game out right now, it should play music!
Next, we want to make our buttons all make a sound when they get clicked. This is simple, we just tell the button's onUp to load our sound. In MenuState, in create, after you initialize the play button, add this:
_btnPlay.onUp.sound = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.select__wav);
Now, you can do the same for the options button (changing
_btnPlay
to_btnOptions
), and then for each of the other buttons in our game: 4 of them in OptionsState, and one in GameOverState.Next, let's give our player some footsteps.  In the top of Player.hx, add:
private var _sndStep:FlxSound;
Then, in the constructor somewhere, we need to load the footstep sound:
_sndStep = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.step__wav);
Now go to our updateMovement function, and, after we check if the player is moving (
if ((velocity.x != 0 || velocity.y != 0) && touching == FlxObject.NONE)
), add:_sndStep.play();
A neat little property of FlxSounds is that if you ever tell one to play, if it's already playing (and you haven't said to 'forceRestart'), it won't play again. This means we can easily call play on our sound every update, and it will sound as if the sound is just being looped - for as long as the player is moving, but will finish if the player has stopped moving, and not start up again while they are stationary.
Finish up the player class by destroying and cleaning up our sound in destroy:
_sndStep = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndStep);
You may need to add the destroy function, if you don't have it already.
Now, let's give enemies their own footsteps, too. The difference is, instead of just always playing the step sound at full volume, we're going to change the volume based on the proximity of the enemy to the player. This will be easier than it sounds. First, add our sound variable to the top of Enemy.hx:
private var _sndStep:FlxSound;
And then, similarly to how we setup Player.hx, add this to our constructor:
_sndStep = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.step__wav,.4); _sndStep.proximity(x,y,FlxG.camera.target, FlxG.width *.6);
You'll notice that we are setting the volume to .4 (40%) this is because there will be plenty of enemies in the map, and there footsteps can get kind of annoying and loud. (Besides, they're probably walking around the dungeon barefoot, right?)
We then setup our proximity for our sounds, setting it's position to the x and y of this enemy, and telling it to target the FlxG.camera.target object (which happens to be our Player!). Finally, we say that the radius of our footstep sound is a little bit more than half of the screen's width - so we should be able to hear enemies that are just off the screen, and all the enemies' footsteps will sound louder/softer based on their distance from the camera target.
Next, in the enemy's update function, after super.update(), we're going to check if the enemy is moving and not bumping into a wall. If they are moving, we set the position of our sound to wherever our enemy is (to the bottom of his sprite - where his feet are), and then play the sound.
if ((velocity.x != 0 || velocity.y != 0) && touching == FlxObject.NONE) { _sndStep.setPosition(x + _halfWidth, y + height); _sndStep.play(); }
Then, make sure you clean up your sound object again (in destroy):
_sndStep = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndStep);
Next, let's head over to PlayState. We really only need 1 sound to be in the PlayState itself, and that's the one for picking up a coin. While you could put this into the Coin class, because there could be a lot of coins loaded at once, and because we really can't pick up more than one coin at a time (so the sounds don't need to overlap), putting a single coin sound effect in our PlayState saves us a bit of overhead.
So, just like our other sounds, initialize the variable:
private var _sndCoin:FlxSound;
Load the sound (in create):
_sndCoin = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.coin__wav);
Clean it up (in destroy):
_sndCoin = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndCoin);
And, in our playerTouchCoin function, inside of our if statement, add:
_sndCoin.play(true);
This time we will use forceReplay so that if the player happens to pickup several coins close to each other the sound will keep up with them.
All of the rest of our sounds, because they deal with combat, will be in our CombatHUD class.
To initialize them:
private var _sndFled:FlxSound; private var _sndHurt:FlxSound; private var _sndLose:FlxSound; private var _sndMiss:FlxSound; private var _sndSelect:FlxSound; private var _sndWin:FlxSound; private var _sndCombat:FlxSound;
To load them:
_sndFled = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.fled__wav); _sndHurt = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.hurt__wav); _sndLose = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.lose__wav); _sndMiss = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.miss__wav); _sndSelect = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.select__wav); _sndWin = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.win__wav); _sndCombat = FlxG.sound.load(AssetPaths.combat__wav);
and to clean them up:
_sndFled = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndFled); _sndHurt = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndHurt); _sndLose = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndLose); _sndMiss = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndMiss); _sndSelect = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndSelect); _sndWin = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndWin); _sndCombat = FlxDestroyUtil.destroy(_sndCombat);
You can probably figure out where they all go, but I'll go through them anyway.
In initCombat, add:
_sndCombat.play();
In finishFadeIn, add:
_sndSelect.play();
In update, inside each of our three if statements related to button presses (
if (_fire), else if (_up), else if (_down)
) add:sndSelect.play();
In makeChoice, in our logic for a 'hit' (after
_damages[1].text = "1";
), add:_sndHurt.play();
and in our miss logic, add:
_sndMiss.play();
Further down, if the player escapes (after
outcome = ESCAPE
), add:_sndFled.play();
In enemyAttack, if the enemy hits, add:
_sndHurt.play();
and if they miss add:
_sndMiss.play();
Finally, in doneDamageOut, after
outcome = DEFEAT
, add:_sndLose.play();
and after outcome = VICTORY, add:
_sndWin.play();
And that's it for sound! Play your game now, and you should hear all of the effects we've added (make sure your volume is up high enough, too!) It's starting to look like a real game! Next time, we'll get it working on multiple platforms!


--- layout: default title: "Contact" permalink: /contact/ ---
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|
Standard Reference Data Program |
Data Gateway |
Chemistry WebBook |
|
Go To: Top, Constants of diatomic molecules, References, Notes / Error Report
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - S.G. Lias, J.E. Bartmess, J.F. Liebman, J.L. Holmes, R.D. Levin, and W.G. Mallard
LLK - S.G. Lias, R.D. Levin, and S.A. Kafafi
RDSH - H.M. Rosenstock, K. Draxl, B.W. Steiner, and J.T. Herron
| IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8.44 | S | Butman, Kudin, et al., 1984 | LBLHLM |
| 9.0 ± 0.2 | EI | Nakagawa, Asano, et al., 1981 | LLK |
| 8.45 ± 0.20 | EI | Hildenbrand, 1972 | LLK |
| 8.6 ± 1.0 | EI | Yamdagni, Pupp, et al., 1970 | RDSH |
| 9.0 ± 0.5 | EI | Zmbov, Ficalora, et al., 1968 | RDSH |
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes / Error Report
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: K.P. Huber and G. Herzberg
| State | Te | ωe | ωexe | ωeye | Be | αe | γe | De | βe | re | Trans. | ν00 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A 2Σ+ | (2330) 1 | (866.7) 1 | (6.7) 1 | (1.349) 1 | (0.0199) 1 | (1.599) 1 | ||||||
| X 2Πi | 0 2 | (851.5) 1 3 | (12.5) 1 | (1.202) 1 | (0.0151) 1 | (1.695) 1 4 | ||||||
| White, Seshadri, et al., 1963; Spiker and Andrews, 1973 | ||||||||||||
| Mol. beam rf el. Reson. 5 | ||||||||||||
| Freund, Herbst, et al., 1972 |
| 1 | CI calculation of Yoshimine, 1972; see also Marchetti, Julienne, et al., 1972. |
| 2 | A0 = -112.0, A1 = -108; from the radio frequency spectrum Freund, Herbst, et al., 1972. The 2Π symmetry of the ground state was originally established by molecular beam electric deflection Berg, Wharton, et al., 1965. |
| 3 | The fundamental frequencies in krypton White, Seshadri, et al., 1963 and nitrogen Spiker and Andrews, 1973 matrices are 745 and 700 cm-1, respectively. |
| 4 | IR spectrum 8 |
| 5 | μel(v=0) = 6.84 D. The hfs parameters have been reevaluated by Veseth, 1976. |
| 6 | Thermochemica1 value [mass-spectrometric Berkowitz, Chupka, et al., 1959, White, Seshadri, et al., 1963, Hildenbrand, 1972; flame photometry Dougherty, Dunn, et al., 1971]. |
| 7 | In inert gas matrices. |
| 8 | missing note |
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Constants of diatomic molecules, Notes / Error Report
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Butman, Kudin, et al., 1984
Butman, M.F.; Kudin, L.S.; Krasnov, K.S.,
The Mass-spectrometric determination of the proton affinity of the molecules M2O (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs),
Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 1984, 29, 1228, In original 2150. [all data]
Nakagawa, Asano, et al., 1981
Nakagawa, H.; Asano, M.; Kubo, K.,
Mass spectrometric study of the vaporization of lithium metasilicate,
J. Nucl. Mater., 1981, 102, 292. [all data]
Hildenbrand, 1972
Hildenbrand, D.L.,
Thermochemistry of the molecular species LiO, LiO+, and Li2O+.,
J. Chem. Phys., 1972, 57, 4556. [all data]
Yamdagni, Pupp, et al., 1970
Yamdagni, R.; Pupp, C.; Porter, R.F.,
Mass spectrometric study of the evaporation of lithium and sodium molybdates and tungstates,
J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 1970, 32, 3509. [all data]
Zmbov, Ficalora, et al., 1968
Zmbov, K.F.; Ficalora, P.; Margrave, J.L.,
Mass spectrometric studies at high temperatures. XXVIII. Gaseous ternary oxides, LiMO and LiMO2,
J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 1968, 30, 2059. [all data]
White, Seshadri, et al., 1963
White, D.; Seshadri, K.S.; Dever, D.F.; Mann, D.E.; Linevski, M.J.,
Infrared spectra and the structures and thermodynamics of gaseous LiO, Li2O, and Li2O2,
J. Chem. Phys., 1963, 39, 2463. [all data]
Spiker and Andrews, 1973
Spiker, R.C., Jr.; Andrews, L.,
J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 58, 702. [all data]
Freund, Herbst, et al., 1972
Freund, S.M.; Herbst, E.; Mariella, R.P., Jr.; Klemperer, W.,
Radio frequency spectrum of the X2Π state of 7Li16O,
J. Chem. Phys., 1972, 56, 1467. [all data]
Yoshimine, 1972
Yoshimine, M.,
Accurate potential curves and properties for the X2Π and A2Σ+ states of LiO,
J. Chem. Phys., 1972, 57, 1108. [all data]
Marchetti, Julienne, et al., 1972
Marchetti, M.; Julienne, P.S.; Krauss, M.,
Vibrational and electronic oscillator strengths of LiO,
J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand. Sect. A, 1972, 76, 665. [all data]
Berg, Wharton, et al., 1965
Berg, R.A.; Wharton, L.; Klemperer, W.; Buchler, A.; Stauffer, J.L.,
Determination of electronic symmetry by electric deflection: LiO and LaO,
J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 43, 2416. [all data]
Veseth, 1976
Veseth, L.,
The hyperfine structure of diatomic molecules: Hund's case (cα),
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1976, 59, 51. [all data]
Berkowitz, Chupka, et al., 1959
Berkowitz, J.; Chupka, W.A.; Blue, G.D.; Margrave, J.L.,
Mass spectrometric study of the sublimation of lithium oxide,
J. Phys. Chem., 1959, 63, 644. [all data]
Dougherty, Dunn, et al., 1971
Dougherty, G.J.; Dunn, M.R.; McEwan, M.J.; Phillips, L.F.,
LiO formation in dry carbon monoxide flames,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1971, 11, 124. [all data]
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Constants of diatomic molecules, References
Copyright for NIST Standard Reference Data is governed by the Standard Reference Data Act.
|
Standard Reference Data Program |
Data Gateway |
Chemistry WebBook |
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MITRE ATT&CK® is a globally-accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world observations.
ATT&CK Workbench is a tool designed to containerize the ATT&CK knowledge base, making ATT&CK easier to use and extend throughout the community. This application is your own customized instance of the knowledge base where you can explore, extend, and annotate ATT&CK data.


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If not launch it from the desktop shortcut:
After downloading the Schematic Symbol & PCB Footprint zip, check in your ECAD tool. The libraries will have been loaded automatically.


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Hi! I'm Grace, a second-year UC Berkeley EECS student and summer STEP intern. Some fun facts about me:
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Module: Rails::Generators::ResourceHelpers
Do not use. This module is for internal use only.
| Relationships & Source Files | |
| Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance Descendants | |
|
Included In:
| |
| Defined in: | railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb |
Overview
Deal with controller names on scaffold and add some helpers to deal with ActiveModel
.
Class Method Summary
Instance Attribute Summary
- #controller_file_name readonly private
- #controller_name readonly private
Instance Method Summary
-
#initialize(*args)
Set controller variables on initialization.
- #assign_controller_names!(name) private
- #controller_class_name private
- #controller_class_path private
- #controller_file_path private
- #controller_i18n_scope private
-
#orm_class
private
Loads the
ORM::Generators::ActiveModel
class. -
#orm_instance(name = singular_table_name)
private
Initialize
ORM::Generators::ActiveModel
to access instance methods.
Class Method Details
.included(base)
[ GitHub ]# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 11
def self.included(base) # :nodoc: base.include(Rails::Generators::ModelHelpers) base.class_option :model_name, type: :string, desc: "ModelName to be used" end
Instance Attribute Details
#controller_file_name (readonly, private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 29
attr_reader :controller_name, :controller_file_name
#controller_name (readonly, private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 29
attr_reader :controller_name, :controller_file_name
Instance Method Details
#assign_controller_names!(name) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 39
def assign_controller_names!(name) @controller_name = name @controller_class_path = name.include?("/") ? name.split("/") : name.split("::") @controller_class_path.map!(&:underscore) @controller_file_name = @controller_class_path.pop end
#controller_class_name (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 50
def controller_class_name (controller_class_path + [controller_file_name]).map!(&:camelize).join("::") end
#controller_class_path (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 31
def controller_class_path if [:model_name] @controller_class_path else class_path end end
#controller_file_path (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 46
def controller_file_path @controller_file_path ||= (controller_class_path + [controller_file_name]).join("/") end
#controller_i18n_scope (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 54
def controller_i18n_scope @controller_i18n_scope ||= controller_file_path.tr("/", ".") end
#initialize(*args)
Set controller variables on initialization.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 17
def initialize(*args) # :nodoc: super controller_name = name if [:model_name] self.name = [:model_name] assign_names!(name) end assign_controller_names!(controller_name.pluralize) end
#orm_class (private)
Loads the ORM::Generators::ActiveModel
class. This class is responsible to tell scaffold entities how to generate a specific method for the ORM. Check ActiveModel
for more information.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 61
def orm_class @orm_class ||= begin # Raise an error if the class_option :orm was not defined. unless self.class. [:orm] raise "You need to have :orm as class option to invoke orm_class and orm_instance" end begin "#{ [:orm].to_s.camelize}::Generators::ActiveModel".constantize rescue NameError Rails::Generators::ActiveModel end end end
#orm_instance(name = singular_table_name) (private)
Initialize ORM::Generators::ActiveModel
to access instance methods.
# File 'railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb', line 77
def orm_instance(name = singular_table_name) @orm_instance ||= orm_class.new(name) end


class FlickRaw::Flickr::Favorites
Public Instance Methods
flickr.favorites.add request.
Adds a photo to a user's favorites list.
Arguments
- photo_id (required)
-
The id of the photo to add to the user's favorites.
Error codes
-
1: Photo not found
The photo id passed was not a valid photo id.
-
2: Photo is owned by you
The photo belongs to the user and so cannot be added to their favorites.
-
3: Photo is already in favorites
The photo is already in the user's list of favorites.
-
4: User cannot see photo
The user does not have permission to add the photo to their favorites.
-
96: Invalid signature
The passed signature was invalid.
-
97: Missing signature
The call required signing but no signature was sent.
-
98: Login failed / Invalid auth token
The login details or auth token passed were invalid.
-
99: User not logged in / Insufficient permissions
The method requires user authentication but the user was not logged in, or the authenticated method call did not have the required permissions.
-
100: Invalid API Key
The API key passed was not valid or has expired.
-
105: Service currently unavailable
The requested service is temporarily unavailable.
-
106: Write operation failed
The requested operation failed due to a temporary issue.
-
111: Format “xxx” not found
The requested response format was not found.
-
112: Method “xxx” not found
The requested method was not found.
-
114: Invalid SOAP envelope
The SOAP envelope send in the request could not be parsed.
-
115: Invalid XML-RPC Method Call
The XML-RPC request document could not be parsed.
-
116: Bad URL found
One or more arguments contained a URL that has been used for abuse on Flickr.
# Generated automatically from flickr api def add(*args) @flickr.call 'flickr.favorites.add', *args end
flickr.favorites.getContext request.
Returns next and previous favorites for a photo in a user's favorites.
Arguments
- photo_id (required)
-
The id of the photo to fetch the context for.
- user_id (required)
-
The user who counts the photo as a favorite.
- num_prev
- num_next
- extras
- num_next
-
A comma-delimited list of extra information to fetch for each returned record. Currently supported fields are: description, license, date_upload, date_taken, owner_name, icon_server, original_format, last_update, geo, tags, machine_tags, o_dims, views, media, path_alias, url_sq, url_t, url_s, url_m, url_z, url_l, url_o
Error codes
-
1: Photo not found
The photo id passed was not a valid photo id, or was the id of a photo that the calling user does not have permission to view.
-
2: User not found
The specified user was not found.
-
3: Photo not a favorite
The specified photo is not a favorite of the specified user.
-
100: Invalid API Key
The API key passed was not valid or has expired.
-
105: Service currently unavailable
The requested service is temporarily unavailable.
-
106: Write operation failed
The requested operation failed due to a temporary issue.
-
111: Format “xxx” not found
The requested response format was not found.
-
112: Method “xxx” not found
The requested method was not found.
-
114: Invalid SOAP envelope
The SOAP envelope send in the request could not be parsed.
-
115: Invalid XML-RPC Method Call
The XML-RPC request document could not be parsed.
-
116: Bad URL found
One or more arguments contained a URL that has been used for abuse on Flickr.
Returns
3
# Generated automatically from flickr api def getContext(*args) @flickr.call 'flickr.favorites.getContext', *args end
flickr.favorites.getList request.
Returns a list of the user's favorite photos. Only photos which the calling user has permission to see are returned.
Arguments
- user_id
-
The NSID of the user to fetch the favorites list for. If this argument is omitted, the favorites list for the calling user is returned.
- jump_to
- min_fave_date
-
Minimum date that a photo was favorited on. The date should be in the form of a unix timestamp.
- max_fave_date
-
Maximum date that a photo was favorited on. The date should be in the form of a unix timestamp.
- get_user_info
-
Include info for the user who's favorites are being returned.
- extras
-
A comma-delimited list of extra information to fetch for each returned record. Currently supported fields are: description, license, date_upload, date_taken, owner_name, icon_server, original_format, last_update, geo, tags, machine_tags, o_dims, views, media, path_alias, url_sq, url_t, url_s, url_q, url_m, url_n, url_z, url_c, url_l, url_o
- per_page
-
Number of photos to return per page. If this argument is omitted, it defaults to 100. The maximum allowed value is 500.
- page
-
The page of results to return. If this argument is omitted, it defaults to 1.
Error codes
-
1: User not found
The specified user NSID was not a valid flickr user.
-
96: Invalid signature
The passed signature was invalid.
-
97: Missing signature
The call required signing but no signature was sent.
-
98: Login failed / Invalid auth token
The login details or auth token passed were invalid.
-
99: User not logged in / Insufficient permissions
The method requires user authentication but the user was not logged in, or the authenticated method call did not have the required permissions.
-
100: Invalid API Key
The API key passed was not valid or has expired.
-
105: Service currently unavailable
The requested service is temporarily unavailable.
-
106: Write operation failed
The requested operation failed due to a temporary issue.
-
111: Format “xxx” not found
The requested response format was not found.
-
112: Method “xxx” not found
The requested method was not found.
-
114: Invalid SOAP envelope
The SOAP envelope send in the request could not be parsed.
-
115: Invalid XML-RPC Method Call
The XML-RPC request document could not be parsed.
-
116: Bad URL found
One or more arguments contained a URL that has been used for abuse on Flickr.
# Generated automatically from flickr api def getList(*args) @flickr.call 'flickr.favorites.getList', *args end
flickr.favorites.getPublicList request.
Returns a list of favorite public photos for the given user.
Arguments
- user_id (required)
-
The user to fetch the favorites list for.
- jump_to
- min_fave_date
-
Minimum date that a photo was favorited on. The date should be in the form of a unix timestamp.
- max_fave_date
-
Maximum date that a photo was favorited on. The date should be in the form of a unix timestamp.
- extras
-
A comma-delimited list of extra information to fetch for each returned record. Currently supported fields are: description, license, date_upload, date_taken, owner_name, icon_server, original_format, last_update, geo, tags, machine_tags, o_dims, views, media, path_alias, url_sq, url_t, url_s, url_q, url_m, url_n, url_z, url_c, url_l, url_o
- per_page
-
Number of photos to return per page. If this argument is omitted, it defaults to 100. The maximum allowed value is 500.
- page
-
The page of results to return. If this argument is omitted, it defaults to 1.
Error codes
-
1: User not found
The specified user NSID was not a valid flickr user.
-
100: Invalid API Key
The API key passed was not valid or has expired.
-
105: Service currently unavailable
The requested service is temporarily unavailable.
-
106: Write operation failed
The requested operation failed due to a temporary issue.
-
111: Format “xxx” not found
The requested response format was not found.
-
112: Method “xxx” not found
The requested method was not found.
-
114: Invalid SOAP envelope
The SOAP envelope send in the request could not be parsed.
-
115: Invalid XML-RPC Method Call
The XML-RPC request document could not be parsed.
-
116: Bad URL found
One or more arguments contained a URL that has been used for abuse on Flickr.
# Generated automatically from flickr api def getPublicList(*args) @flickr.call 'flickr.favorites.getPublicList', *args end
flickr.favorites.remove request.
Removes a photo from a user's favorites list.
Arguments
- photo_id (required)
-
The id of the photo to remove from the user's favorites.
- user_id
-
NSID of the user whose favorites the photo should be removed from. This only works if the calling user owns the photo.
Error codes
-
1: Photo not in favorites
The photo id passed was not in the user's favorites.
-
2: Cannot remove photo from that user's favorites
user_id was passed as an argument, but photo_id is not owned by the authenticated user.
-
3: User not found
Invalid user_id argument.
-
96: Invalid signature
The passed signature was invalid.
-
97: Missing signature
The call required signing but no signature was sent.
-
98: Login failed / Invalid auth token
The login details or auth token passed were invalid.
-
99: User not logged in / Insufficient permissions
The method requires user authentication but the user was not logged in, or the authenticated method call did not have the required permissions.
-
100: Invalid API Key
The API key passed was not valid or has expired.
-
105: Service currently unavailable
The requested service is temporarily unavailable.
-
106: Write operation failed
The requested operation failed due to a temporary issue.
-
111: Format “xxx” not found
The requested response format was not found.
-
112: Method “xxx” not found
The requested method was not found.
-
114: Invalid SOAP envelope
The SOAP envelope send in the request could not be parsed.
-
115: Invalid XML-RPC Method Call
The XML-RPC request document could not be parsed.
-
116: Bad URL found
One or more arguments contained a URL that has been used for abuse on Flickr.
# Generated automatically from flickr api def remove(*args) @flickr.call 'flickr.favorites.remove', *args end


{% extends 'layouts/base.html' %} {% block body %}
Your email address is: {{current_user.email}}
You are not logged in.


Create a Debian Squeeze jail (GNU/kFreeBSD)¶
In this howto we will set up a Debian (GNU/kFreeBSD) jail. GNrUkFreeBSD is a Debian userland tailored for the FreeBSD kernel.
Don’t forget to replace UUID with your jail’s full UUID!
Create an empty jail with linux specifics:
iocell create -e tag=debian exec_start="/etc/init.d/rc 3"
exec_stop="/etc/init.d/rc 0"
Install debootstrap on the host:
pkg install debootstrap
Grab the mountpoint for our empty jail, append /root/ to it and run debootstrap:
iocell get mountpoint UUID | TAG
debootstrap squeeze /iocell/jails/UUID/root/
(you can replace squeeze with wheezy if that is what you need)
Edit the jail’s fstab and add these lines:
/iocell/jails/UUID/fstab
linsys /iocell/jails/UUID/root/sys linsysfs rw 0 0 linproc /iocell/jails/UUID/root/proc linprocfs rw 0 0 tmpfs /iocell/jails/UUID/root/lib/init/rw tmpfs rw,mode=777 0 0
Start the jail and attach to it:
iocell start UUID | TAG
iocell console UUID | TAG
What you gain is a 64bit Debian Linux userland. Please note this is not recommended for production use. The intention was to show that iocell will let you do almost anything you want with your jails.
If you wish to install a Linux only Debian jail you can follow this tutorial: debian-linux-freebsd-jail-zfs


| vec_names {vctrs} | R Documentation |
These functions work like rlang::names2()
, names()
and names<-()
,
except that they return or modify the the rowwise names of the vector. These are:
The usual names()
for atomic vectors and lists
The row names for data frames and matrices
The names of the first dimension for arrays
Rowwise names are size consistent: the length of the names always equals
vec_size()
.
vec_names2()
returns the repaired names from a vector, even if it is unnamed.
See vec_as_names()
for details on name repair.
vec_names()
is a bare-bones version that returns NULL
if the vector is
unnamed.
vec_set_names()
sets the names or removes them.
vec_names2( x, ..., repair = c("minimal", "unique", "universal", "check_unique"), quiet = FALSE ) vec_names(x) vec_set_names(x, names)
x |
A vector with names |
... |
These dots are for future extensions and must be empty. |
repair |
Either a string or a function. If a string, it must
be one of
The |
quiet |
By default, the user is informed of any renaming
caused by repairing the names. This only concerns unique and
universal repairing. Set |
names |
A character vector, or |
vec_names2()
returns the names of x
, repaired.
vec_names()
returns the names of x
or NULL
if unnamed.
vec_set_names()
returns x
with names updated.
vec_names2(1:3) vec_names2(1:3, repair = "unique") vec_names2(c(a = 1, b = 2)) # `vec_names()` consistently returns the rowwise names of data frames and arrays: vec_names(data.frame(a = 1, b = 2)) names(data.frame(a = 1, b = 2)) vec_names(mtcars) names(mtcars) vec_names(Titanic) names(Titanic) vec_set_names(1:3, letters[1:3]) vec_set_names(data.frame(a = 1:3), letters[1:3])


Constraint attributes can be associated with deftemplate and defclass slots so that type checking can be performed on slot values when template facts and instances are created. The constraint information is also analyzed for the patterns on the LHS of a rule to determine if the specified constraints prevent the rule from ever firing.
The syntax for constraint attributes is:
<constraint-attribute> ::= <type-attribute> |
<allowed-constant-attribute> |
<range-attribute> |
<cardinality-attribute>
<default-attribute>
<type-attribute> ::= (type <type-specification>)
<type-specification> ::= <allowed-type>+ | ?VARIABLE
<allowed-type> ::= SYMBOL | STRING | LEXEME |
INTEGER | FLOAT | NUMBER |
INSTANCE-NAME | INSTANCE-ADDRESS |
INSTANCE |
EXTERNAL-ADDRESS | FACT-ADDRESS
<allowed-constant-attribute>
::= (allowedsymbols <symbol-list>) |
(allowedstrings <string-list>) |
(allowed-lexemes <lexeme-list> |
(allowedintegers <integer-list>) |
(allowedfloats <float-list>) |
(allowednumbers <number-list>) |
(allowed-instance-names <instance-list>) |
(allowedvalues <value-list>) |
<symbol-list> ::= <symbol>+ | ?VARIABLE
<string-list> ::= <string>+ | ?VARIABLE
<lexeme-list> ::= <lexeme>+ | ?VARIABLE
<integer-list> ::= <integer>+ | ?VARIABLE
<float-list> ::= <float>+ | ?VARIABLE
<number-list> ::= <number>+ | ?VARIABLE
<instance-name-list> ::= <instance-name>+ | ?VARIABLE
<value-list> ::= <constant>+ | ?VARIABLE
<range-attribute> ::= (range <range-specification>
<range-specification>)
<range-specification> ::= <number> | ?VARIABLE
<cardinality-attribute>
::= (cardinality <cardinality-specification>
<cardinality-specification>)
<cardinality-specification> ::= <integer> | ?VARIABLE


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As judgment nears, Zaldy Ampatuan still in hospital
Zaldy Ampatuan, one of the principal accused in the Maguindanao massacre case, has been confined at the Makati Medical Center since he suffered a stroke on October 22
by Lian BuanSubscribe
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On the left you can find a list of help topics. Click on one to bring its contents up here.
If you run into a problem, for example, if the BugPicker reports exceptions when it tries to load your project, see if you can reproduce the problem. If that is possible, please file an issue on Bitbucket and try do include as much detailed information as you can.


PlayStation 5 Pro could launch in 2023, Sony executive hints
A new report by LetsGoDigital suggests that Sony is already working on the PlayStation 5 Pro, and that it could launch three years after the PlayStation 5
by Shivali Best, https://www.facebook.com/shivalibestjournalist/The PlayStation 5 is one of the most highly-anticapted gaming consoles in history, and now it seems that Sony is already looking ahead to a follow-up console.
A new report by LetsGoDigital suggests that Sony is already working on the PlayStation 5 Pro.
The report points to a recent interview with GameInformer, in which Sony executive Masayasu Ito indicated that the PS5 Pro is in development.
He said: “In the past, the cycle for a new platform was 7 to 10 years, but in view of the very rapid development and evolution of technology, it's really a six to seven year platform cycle. Then we cannot fully catch up with the rapid development of the technology, therefore our thinking is that as far as a platform is concerned for the PS5, it is a cycle or maybe six to seven years.
“But doing that, a platform lifecycle, we should be able to change the hardware itself and try to incorporate advancements in technology.
"That was the thinking behind it and the test case of that thinking was the PS4 Pro that was launched in the midway of the PS4 launch cycle.”
Based on Mr Ito’s statement, LetsGoDigital claims that the PS5 Pro is likely to launch in 2023.
It said: “From this statement it can be concluded that the PS4 Pro was a test case. This advanced console with improved hardware components was introduced three years after the PS4.
“We now know that the release of the PlayStation 4 Pro has become a huge success for Sony. And so the company has reason enough to repeat this marketing strategy.
“Since the PS5 will have a life cycle of around 6 to 7 years, it is likely that the PS5 Pro will be announced in 2023.”
As with all rumours, Sony is remaining tight-lipped, so we’ll just have to wait and see if they’re true!


This screen displays a message along with its ID, address, and time stamp at the top, followed by the body and an image for MMS messages that contain one. Only the first image is shown if there is more than one. After these is additional information from the database. The part below the top can be scrolled if necessary. You can navigate to other messages, delete this one, or fix its time stamp using menu options. You can also swipe left to see the previous message in the list and swipe right to see the next message.
Refreshes the information.
Sorts the list according to the options available.
Navigates to the previous message (down in the list).
Navigates to the next message (up in the list).
Deletes the message and displays the next one. Owing to changes in new versions of Android and/or OEM-specific changes this may or may not work.
Report spam to 7726 (S-P-A-M). This number is supported by several carriers, among them AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon, and Sprint, and there is no charge. It is not enough to just forward the message to 7726. They will then ask for the number. Consequently, two messages are sent. The first contains the body of the current message. The second contains the number of the sender of that message.
It will use your current message sending app, or prompt for which one to use if there is more than one. After using your messaging app to send the first message, use the back button to get to sending the second one. Then use the back button to finish and return to the message display.
You can cancel by using the back button before choosing which app or by using the back button without sending the message in your messaging app. (It may save it as a draft in the latter case.) You will have to do this for both messages, even if you cancel the first one.
This may be a little involved, but it is easier than doing it manually, especially for getting the number and sending it. It is not hard once you try it a few times. It can be a time saver in particular if you have many spam messages to report.
Brings up a dialog to set the desired change for the time stamp in hours and minutes. The initial value for the change is your time zone offset, which is often the correct value. However, you may not want to use that. Whatever time you enter will be remembered for the next time, whether you cancel or not. If you click OK, the changes will be made or simulated, depending on the current setting for Dry Run. Owing to changes in new versions of Android and/or OEM-specific changes this may or may not work.
Allows you to set whether fixing the time will be a dry run or a real change to the database. In the case of a dry run, a popup will inform you of the change that would have been made, but no changes are actually made.
Saves this message to a file named SavedSMSMessageText.txt or SavedMMSMessageText.txt in the Misc directory on the SD card. Successive messages are appended to what is there. Does nothing if there is no SD card.
Clears the contents of SavedSMSMessageText.txt or SavedMMSMessageText.txt on the SD card. Creates a new, cleared file if none existed. Does nothing if there is no SD card.
Displays this page.