To describe the language syntax in detail, Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF) is used: Alternatives are separated by vertical bars |. Parentheses ( and ) are used for grouping. Expressions enclosed in square brackets [ and ] are optional. Curly braces { and } denote repetition (0 or more times) of the enclosed expression. Names of EBNF productions referring to terminal symbols start with a lower-case letter; all other production names start with a capital letter. Literal characters and strings are enclosed in single quotes ' and '. A precise definition of EBNF can be found in the Appendix.
Occasionally, the language syntax is presented in a slightly simplified form to facilitate reading. For instance, this is the case for the definition of string literals where a complete formal definition would become very cumbersome to understand, without adding value to the reader. Annotations in small font may be used to explain some of the fine points in those cases.
Since processing is independent, data about all the processed log entries is aggregated externally to a Sawzall program proper. To that end, Sawzall supports the declaration of output types and corresponding output variables. Output variables are the connection to specific aggregators (such as accumulators, collectors, filters, etc.) of data. A special construct, the emit statement, is used to send data to such an aggregator. The aggregator receives the data emitted to it, and aggregates it in a manner specific to its type. For example, a sum aggregator, referred to via an output variable of sum output type, will add up all the values it receives. A collection aggregator will simply collect all the data, etc. The Sawzall language doesn't specify a particular implementation for aggregators, but the Szl implementation does provide an implementation.
Processing of a large set of log entries may take a considerable amount of time even if they are processed in parallel. Furthermore, it is not unlikely to occasionally encouter corrupted log entries. It is important to be able to handle these cases gracefully, without abortion of the process. To that end, Sawzall supports the notion of defined and undefined values. Expressions and statements may be silently aborted if undefined values are encountered. It is the hope that most programs will be able to continue execution even in the presence of occasional errors caused by corrupted input data.
Program = { Declaration | Statement }.
# Program to find the three most commonly used word in a list. # Input is text lines containing a word and a count, separated with a comma. topwords: table top(3) of word: string weight count: int; fields: array of bytes = splitcsvline(input); w: string = string(fields[0]); c: int = int(string(fields[1]), 10); if (c != 0) { emit topwords <- w weight c; }
Declaration = TypeDecl | StaticVarDecl | VarDecl.Once a name has been introduced with a declaration, it can be used within the scope of the declaration to refer to the associated entity. The scope of a declaration extends from the point of the declaration of the name to the end of the immediate surrounding block. Blocks - and therefore scopes - may be nested. A name declared in a nested scope shadows equal names declared in outer scopes; thus a name always refers to its innermost declaration. A Sawzall program implicitly defines a block enclosing all declarations and statements of the program.
TypeDecl = 'type' type_name '=' Type ';'. type_name = identifier.
type my_bool = bool; type Coordinates = { x: float, y: float }; type CityMap = map [city_name: string] of Coordinates;
The variable type may be specified explicitly, followed by an optional
initialization expression. Alternatively, the explicit type
specification may be elided in favor of the initialization expression,
in which case the type of the variable is the type of the initialization
expression. Thus, either the variable type or the initialization expression
(but not both) may be missing.
A variable may
be declared static by prefixing the declaration with the
keyword static
.
StaticVarDecl = 'static' VarDecl. VarDecl = var_name ':' [Type] ['=' Expression | Block] ';'. var_name = identifier.The initialization expression for static variables may be evaluated only once per program run (implementation specific). In particular, if the value of an initialization expression for a static variable changes during program execution, the program is erroneous. Variables of an output type are always static, and the
static
keyword may be omitted in that case.
Initialization expressions for static variables must not refer to non-static variables; if variable names appear in the expression, the associated variables must be static. In particular, if a (non-intrinsic) function is called in an initialization expression, that function must be stored in a static variable.
A variable declaration with an initialization expression of the form:
variable_name: variable_type = expression;is a shortcut for the variable declaration followed by an assignment, possibly with a conversion
(variable_type)
.
The conversion is omitted if expression
already is of type variable_type
:
variable_name: variable_type; variable_name = variable_type(expression);If the type of
expression
is exactly variable_type
the declaration may be further shortened to:
variable_name := expression;Notice that even though there is no explicit type specified here, it nonetheless declares a new variable (the
:
indicates the variable declaration).
Obviously, in this case no conversion is implied.
If the initialization expression is a function, the variable type must be a function type. Therefore, a function declaration looks like this:
function_name: function_type = function_type { # function body };Since there is no type conversion possible for functions, the function types in the declaration must be identical and this syntax can always be shortened to:
function_name := function_type { # function body };A slightly different notation was previously supported as a special case for functions:
function_name: function_type { # function body };but that form has been obsoleted by the appearance of the := style.
The evaluation of the initialization expression may result in an undefined value. In that case, the undefined value may be silently assigned to the variable (implementation-specific, see also Undefined values below).
n := 10; counter: int = 0; static pi := 3.14159265; hypot := sqrt(x*x + y*y); static word := load("/home/szluser/current/word"); a: array of float = { 2.4, PI, float("1.234") }; unique_language_values: table unique (10) of {language: string, value: string}; average := function(list: array of float): float; min := function(x: int, y: int): int { if (x < y) return x; return y; }; static country_codes: array of string = LoadCountries("countries.txt");
If an undefined value is used within an expression, the value of the expression becomes undefined. In particular, if an undefined value is used as an argument for a function call, the function is not called and the function result is undefined.
If an undefined value is assigned to a variable, the variable becomes undefined. In particular, if an undefined value is stored as array element, tuple field, or map entry, the entire array, tuple, or map becomes undefined. Thus, variables are either entirely defined or entirely undefined. Initially, all variables are undefined until a defined value is assigned to them. Function parameters are defined upon invocation of the function because it can only be called if all arguments are defined.
The intrinsic function def(x: T): bool
can be used to test
an arbitrary expression x
of any type T
for defined'ness.
def(x)
returns true
if the value of x
is defined;
it returns false
otherwise. Thus, def()
acts like a guard
against the propagation of undefined values.
def()
,
by default the current implementation aborts with a run-time error if an
undefined value is encountered. When the --ignore_undefs
flag is specified with either the szl
or saw
application,
all undefined values are propagated silently, without
runtime errors.
Undefined initialization expressions don't cause a run-time trap so that it is possible to write code such as
x: T = expr; # potentially undefined if (def(x)) # x is defined; it can be used w/o runtime trap else # x is undefined; using it will cause a runtime trap # (unless used again in one of the exception cases described here)without the need to re-evaluate
expr
if its value is defined.
Undefined return expressions don't cause a run-time trap so that it is
possible to return an undefined value from a user-defined function; usually
to indicate that the function failed. For instance, one might write a function
f
that returns a result of type T
, and also use
the result mechanism to indicate if the function was successful or not:
f := function(...): T { ... # return an undefined value to indicate failure of f u: T; return u; }; result: T = f(...); if (def(result)) # function succeeded; result is defined else # function failed; result is undefined }
x
held in a variable v1
is assigned to a second
variable v2
, changing v2
after the assignment -
for instance by modifying components of v2
- won't affect the
value of v1
.
proto
keyword.
In that case, the type specification must be a tuple type (either a type
name referring to a tuple type, or a tuple type specification). The resulting
tuple type is an automatic proto tuple type generated from the original
tuple type (see Automatic proto tuple types
for details).
Type = type_name | ArrayType | MapType | TupleType | OutputType | FunctionType | 'proto' Type. type_name = identifier.
bool # the boolean values true and false bytes # arrays of unsigned bytes int # 64-bit signed integer values float # 64-bit IEEE floating point values time # unsigned integral representations of time, with microsecond resolution fingerprint # unsigned hash values computed by an implementation-defined hash function string # arrays of unicode characters uint # 64-bit unsigned integer valuse
Component = [component_name ':'] ComponentType. component_name = identifier. ComponentType = Type.
ArrayType = 'array' 'of' Element. Element = Component.
array of int array of names: string array of array of point: Point
The type of a tuple field, static declaration or type declaration may refer to the name of an enclosing type; that is, type declarations may be recursive. When used in a field or type declaration, the inner type reference must occur within an array type or map type enclosed by the outer type declaration. (That is, there must be a way to omit the value of the field. Otherwise it would be impossible to represent an object of that type.)
Although types may be recursive, objects can neither contain nor refer to enclosing objects or themselves (directly or indirectly). This is because Sawzall is value-based and has no pointers or references.
Types cannot be mutually recursive. Since Sawzall does not have forward references it is not possible to have two types (e.g. tuples) each of which makes use of the other.
Named fields only may also have an integer value called (field) tag associated with it. Tags are used to associate the field with a field in the protocol buffer representation of the tuple (see also Protocol Buffers). No two fields within a tuple can have the same tag, and all tags must be > 0. Tuples with tagged fields are called proto tuples; tuples without tagged fields are called simple tuples. All fields of proto tuples must have tags.
Tagged fields of proto tuples may also
specify a constant default value. The default value is used to
initialize a field during proto conversion if the corresponding field value is
missing in the proto buffer being converted. The special intrinsic
inproto(field: T): bool
can be used to test whether a proto
tuple field was present in the protocol buffer converted into the proto
tuple (see also
A Manual for the Sawzall Intrinsics).
Tagged fields of proto tuples may also specify a corresponding underlying protocol buffer field type. This is the field type the tuple field is converted into when the tuple is converted from a Sawzall tuple back into the protocol buffer representation. If no protocol buffer field type is specified, a default field type is assumed (see table below).
For historical reasons, a proto tuple type may start with
the keyword parsedmessage
to indicate that the tuple is
a proto tuple. The keyword is treated as a comment.
TupleType = SimpleTupleType | ProtoTupleType. SimpleTupleType = '{' [SimpleMemberList] '}'. SimpleMemberList = SimpleMember {',' SimpleMember} [',']. SimpleMember = TypeDecl | StaticVarDecl | SimpleFieldDecl. SimpleFieldDecl = Component. ProtoTupleType = ['parsedmessage'] '{' [ProtoMemberList] '}'. ProtoMemberList = ProtoMember {',' ProtoMember} [',']. ProtoMember = TypeDecl | StaticVarDecl | ProtoFieldDecl. ProtoFieldDecl = Component ['=' ProtoFieldDefault] '@' proto_field_tag [':' proto_field_type]. ProtoFieldDefault = Expression. proto_field_tag = integer. proto_field_type = identifier.The type declarations for proto tuples are usually automatically generated by the protocol-compiler from a
.proto
file. The following table
shows the relationship between the Sawzall and protocol buffer field types:
| Protocol buffer type | Sawzall type | Comments |
bool |
bool |
default conversion |
boolean |
bool |
|
string |
bytes |
default conversion |
fixed32 |
int |
may overflow |
fixed64 |
fingerprint |
default conversion |
fixed64 |
int |
default conversion |
fixed64 |
time |
default conversion |
int32 |
int |
may overflow |
int64 |
int |
|
uint64 |
uint |
default conversion |
float |
float |
may overflow |
double |
float |
default conversion |
For each protocol buffer field type there is a corresponding Sawzall
field type; for each Sawzall field type there may be more than one
protocol buffer field type. Some Sawzall fields may lose information
(overflow may occur) if they are converted into a protocol buffer
field of a narrower type (note that all basic Sawzall types - except
bytes
and string
- are 64 bits wide).
The default conversions are used if no
protocol buffer field type is specified explicitly.
proto
. The resulting
proto tuple type consists of the original tuple type converted into
a parsedmessage
proto tuple type augmented with field
tags. The tags are assigned in increasing order, starting with tag value
1 for the first field, tag value 2 for the second field, and so forth. The
same conversion is applied to any nested tuples in the tuple type (field
tags start with tag value 1 again; see also the examples below).
A proto
keyword applied to a proto tuple type
does not change its type (i.e., proto
is idempotent).
{} { x: float, y: float, int } # the Vector tuple type { x: float, y: float, static Magnitude := function(p: Vector): float { return sqrt(p.x*p.x + p.y*p.y); } } { ip: int = 0xffffff00 @ 1, value: bytes = bytes("britney") @ 2, # proto strings are Sawzall bytes timestamp: time @ 5, type Server = { id: int, location: string }, static location1 := "ROB", static location2 := "GRI", static location3 := "BGI", } parsedmessage { g: array of TimeProtocol_G @ 1, # 11 debug: array of bytes @ 4: bytes # 34 } proto T # T must be a tuple type proto { x: int, y: float } proto proto proto { # proto is idempotent x: int, t: { s: bytes, t: bytes } } parsedmessage { # this type is equivalent to the previous one x: int @ 1, t: parsedmessage { s: bytes @ 1, t: bytes @ 2 } @ 2 }
MapType = 'map' '[' Key ']' 'of' Value. Key = Component. Value = Component.
map [int] of bool map [symbol: string] of int map [point: {x: float, y: float}] of name: string
emit
statements are used to send data to an aggregator.
Output types may be parametrized and indexed. Parameters are used to
set up the aggregation variable. Indices are used to create "arrays" of
aggregators. Unlike with arrays, indices of various types (not just int
)
may be specified. Some output types require the specification of a weight
type. When emitting to a variable of output type, the weight is used to
scale the emitted value for aggregation.
OutputType = 'table' table_type [Parameter] {Index} 'of' Element [Weight] [FileSpec | ProcSpec ] [FormatSpec]. table_type = identifier. Parameter = '(' Expression ')'. Index = '[' Component ']'. Element = Component. Weight = 'weight' Component. FileSpec = 'file' '(' ArgumentList ')'. ProcSpec = 'proc' '(' ArgumentList ')'. FormatSpec = 'format' '(' ArgumentList ')'. ArgumentList = ExprList. ExprList = Expression {',' Expression }.If a
file
or proc
specifier is present, data is not emitted
to an external aggregator, but to a file or process respectively, with the file
or process name computed via the specifier as described below. Unless
a format
specifier is present as well, the element type must be
bytes
.
file
or proc
specifiers are only allowed
for collection
output types.
If a format
specifier is present, any value emitted is
formatted into a string as expressed via the specifier.
The emitted values are always of type string
, independently
of the element type specified in the output type; except if there is
a file
or proc
specifier present as well, in which
case the string is converted into (UTF-8 encoded) bytes before
emission.
The file
, proc
, and format
specifier format
expressions similar to printf
in C: The first argument must be
a string possibly containing format characters. The remaining arguments
must correspond in number and type to the format characters in the
format string. Within the arguments of file
or proc
specifiers, output type index values may be referred to via the
corresponding component name of a particular index. Within the arguments
of format
specifiers, the element value may be referred to via
its component name.
# Type of intrinsic output variable stdout table collection of x: string file("/dev/stdout") format("%s\n", x) # Type used to collect all the values into a single stream table collection of string; # Type used to count the number of times each value is seen table sum[value: string] of count: int; # Type used to record the top 10 values for each category table top(10)[category: string] of value: string weight count: int; # Type used to record the ten most expensive operations table maximum(10)[category: string] of operatikon: string weight cost: float; # Type used to count how many unique values there are, using an (internal) # sampled table of 10000 values to estimate the distribution table unique(10000) of value: string;
FunctionType = 'function' '(' [ParameterList] ')' [ResultSpec]. ParameterList = Parameter {',' Parameter}. Parameter = identifier ':' Type. ResultSpec = ':' Type.
function() function(n: int): int function(name: string, hint: Coordinates): Coordinates
Statement = Assignment | Block | BreakStatement | ContinueStatement | DoStatement | EmitStatement | ExprStatement | ForStatement | IfStatement | ResultStatement | ReturnStatement | SwitchStatement | WhenStatement | WhileStatement.
a[f()] = g();
is erroneous if calling f()
before
g()
changes the result of g()
, and vice versa.
Assignment = Factor '=' Expression ';'If either the left-hand side or the right-hand side of the assignment is undefined, the variable designated by the left-hand side becomes entirely undefined. For example, in the assignment
a[i] = x;
the array a
becomes
undefined if either the index i
or the value x
is undefined.
Block = '{' { Declaration | Statement } '}'.
BreakStatement = 'break'.
ContinueStatement = 'continue'.
DoStatement = 'do' Statement 'while' '(' BoolExpression ')' ';'.If the boolean expression has become undefined, the do statement is aborted and execution continues with the next statement.
do d++; while (d*d < x);
EmitStatement = 'emit' OutputDesignator '<-' Expression ['weight' Expression] ';'. OutputDesignator = var_name {'[' Expression ']'}.
emit stdout <- "Hello World!"; emit valuecount[values[somej]] <- 1;
++
, or a decrement --
operator,
the variable, array element, or tuple field is incremented or decremented
by 1.
ExprStatement = Expression [ '++' | '--' ] ';'.If an undefined value occurs during expression evaluation, expression evaluation is aborted and execution continues with the next statement.
i++; a[i]--; f(x, y);
true
as second expression.
ForStatement = 'for' '(' [ForDeclExpr] ';' [BoolExpression] ';' [ForDeclExpr] ')' Statement. ForDeclExpr = Declaration | ExprStatement.A for statement of the form:
for (expr1; cond; expr2) statement;is syntactic sugar for the block:
{ expr1; while (cond) { statement; expr2; } }
IfStatement = 'if' '(' BoolExpression ')' Statement ['else' Statement].If the boolean expression is undefined, the if statement is ignored and execution continues with the next statement (following the if statement).
ResultStatement = 'result' Expression.A result statement cannot be used inside a function without an enclosing statement expression.
e := ?{ j := function(): int { result 1; }; # compile-time error };
ReturnStatement = 'return' [ Expression ].If the return value is undefined, the function returns an undefined result. A return statement cannot be used inside a statement expression without an enclosing function.
x := function(): int { n := ?{ return 2; # compile-time error }; };
case
keyword; and
semantically, the tag value is compared with individual case values in order
of appearance. Individual case values need not be compile-time constants.
In particular, the Sawzall switch statement works also for tag types other then int.
Furthermore, an implicit break statement is appended to each statement
list per case (no fall through).
SwitchStatement = 'switch' '(' Expression ')' '{' { Case } Default '}'. Case = 'case' CaseLabelList ':' StatementList. CaseLabelList = Expression {',' Expression}. StatementList = Statement { Statement }. Default = 'default' ':' StatementList.A switch statement of the form:
switch (tag) { case a0, a1, ... an: as; case b0, b1, ... bn: bs; ... case z0, z1, ... zn: zs; default: s; }is syntactic sugar for the block (assuming no undefined values and
break
statements):
{ $tag: typeof(tag) = tag; if ($tag == a0 || $tag == a1 || ... $tag == an) as; else if ($tag == b0 || $tag == b1 || ... $tag == bn) bs; ... else if ($tag == z0 || $tag == z1 || ... $tag == zn) zs; else s; }If tag is undefined, the switch statement is ignored, and execution continues with the next statement. If any of the case labels is undefined, the effect is as if that case were not mentioned. Since this can lead to a potentially 'empty' switch statement, the default case is mandatory. Break statements can be used to exit a switch statement before the end of a statement list in a case (breaks are implicit at the end of each case).
WhenStatement = 'when' '(' {QuantifierDecl} BoolExpression ')' Statement. QuantifierDecl = var_name ':' quantifier Type ';'. quantifier = 'all' | 'each' | 'some'.If the boolean expression is (or has become) undefined for all possible values of the quantifiers, the when statement is aborted and execution continues with the next statement.
break or continue statements are not permitted in a when statement unless the corresponding switch statement or loop is also in the when statement.
# Count the relevant values when ( somei: some int; somej: some int; lowercase(valuewords[somei]) == values[somej] ) emit valuecount[values[somej]] <- 1;
WhileStatement = 'while' '(' BoolExpression ')' Statement.If the boolean expression is (or has become) undefined, the while statement is aborted and execution continues with the next statement.
while (d*d < x) d++;
x - y - z
stands for (x - y) - z
.
Expression = Conjunction {('||' | 'or') Conjunction}. Conjunction = Comparison {('&&' | 'and') Comparison}. Comparison = SimpleExpr [relation SimpleExpr]. relation = '==' | '!=' | '<' | '<=' | '>' | '>='. SimpleExpr = Term {add_operator Term}. add_operator = '+' | '-' | '|' | '^'. Term = Factor {mul_operator Factor}. mul_operator = '*' | '/' | '%' | '<<' | '>>' | '&'.
Factor = Operand { Selector | Index | Call | SawCall }. Selector = '.' field_name. field_name = identifier. Index = '[' Expression [':' Expression] ']'. Call = '(' ArgumentList ')'. SawCall = '(' [IterationCount ','] InputString ',' RegexpList [',' 'rest' Factor] ')'. IterationCount = Expression. InputString = Expression. saw_name = identifier. RegexpList = Regexp {',' Regexp}. Regexp = ['skip'] ['submatch'] string.
T
, then T.m
selects the tuple member m
, and m
must
refer to the type name of a type declaration, or the variable name of a static
variable declaration in the tuple type T
.
If the type of an operand T
is a tuple, then
T.f
selects the field f
of the tuple.
A
is an array,
string, or bytes, then A[i]
selects the element of A
whose index corresponds
to the current value of i
.
If the index i
of A[i]
is not within the bounds of the array, the expression A[i]
becomes undefined.
Furthermore, A[i:j]
selects a sub-array
or slice consisting of the elements A[m]
, A[m+1]
, ...
A[n-1]
with m = max(0, i)
, and n = min(len(A), j)
.
Note that slices are never undefined, they simply become empty
(i.e., their length is 0) if the range is entirely outside the array boundaries.
M
is a map, then M[k]
selects the element of
M
whose key corresponds to the current value of k
. If M[k]
appears on the right-hand side of an assignment or in an expression, and there is no
map element for the key k
, then M[k]
is undefined. If M[k]
is the left-hand size of an assignment of the form M[k] = v;
, then v
becomes the value associated with the key k
.
F
is a function, then F(p1, p2, ... pn)
expresses
the call of F
with parameters p1
, p2
, ... pn
.
The parameter expressions
are evaluated and assigned to the formal function parameters before the call;
no evaluation order is specified. In particular,
a program that depends on a particular evaluation order of parameters is
erroneous. If F
is defined by the
Sawzall program (i.e., it is not an intrinsic function),
the number and types of the parameter expressions must correspond (by position)
with the type of F
. If F
is an intrinsic function, function specific
rules apply. In particular, if F
specifies a saw call (one of saw
,
sawn
, or sawzall
), saw-specific syntax applies to
the function call. If the operand F
is a type name, then the call
F(x, arg1, arg2, ...)
is syntactic sugar for the call
convert(F, x, arg1, arg2, ...)
. Note that parameter passing is simply a special
form of assignment; and thus is done by value in Sawzall.
T
is an identifier designating a type, then T(x, p1, ... pn)
is a shortcut for the conversion function call convert(T, x, p1, ... pn)
, where
convert
is a special conversion intrinsic, T
the type into which the
value x
is to be converted, and p1
, p2
... pn
,
are (potentially missing) parameters specifying the conversion more precisely.
For example,
int(x, 10)
is the same as convert(int, x, 10)
. Conversions are defined between
most basic types, and between some array types as well. Currently a detailed list of all
implemented conversions is missing, but some additional information can be found in
Sawzall Language.
$
symbols,
nested expressions,
or statement expressions. A type identifier denotes the corresponding type. It
does not have a value and must be followed by a
member selector,
conversion call, or may be used as an argument for
certain special intrinsics. A variable
identifier stands for the current value of the variable. A literal value
specifies a constant value. A $
symbol must only be used within
an index expression and it stands for current length of the subscripted array,
string, or bytes value. Parentheses are used to specify different evaluation
orders than defined by the operator precedences.
Operand = identifier | literal | Composite | Function | unary_operator Factor | '$' | StatementExpr | '(' Expression ')'. unary_operator = '+' | '-' | '~' | '!' | 'not'.
{}
is equal to the type of any array, string, or bytes.
:
's, and if the all key
types equal the type of the map key, and if all value types equal the type of
the map value. Alternatively, the type of an empty map {:}
is
equal to the type of any map.
Composite = '{' [ExprList | PairList | ':'] '}'. PairList = Pair {',' Pair}. Pair = Expression ':' Expression.If any expression in the composite is undefined, the value of the composite is undefined.
{} {:} { 'a', 'b', 127 } { 12, "hello", 3.14, {} } { "foo" : 3, "bar" : 7 }
Function = Type Block.A function that is used as initialization expression for a static variable may not access non-static variables in surrounding scopes. Thus, such a function cannot produce any side-effects and its result depends only on the (global) state of static variables and the function arguments.
function() {} function(radius: float): float { return 2.0 * PI * radius; } Action { kill_bill(); }
format()
), optional parameters (e.g., assert()
),
and polymorphic parameter types (e.g., min()
).
The intrinsic functions can be roughly grouped into the following
classes:
assert()
, def()
, convert()
,
format()
, len()
, new()
, etc.)max()
, min()
, ln()
,
exp()
, rand()
, etc.)haskey()
, addday()
, trunctoday()
,
now()
, etc.)regex()
, saw()
, sawn()
,
sawzall()
, match()
, etc.)StatementExpr = '?' Block .
# signum signum := ?{ switch(true) { case x < 0: result -1; case x > 0: result 1; default: result 0; }; # array filtering a = ?{ aa: array of int = {}; when (i: each int; Test(a[i])) aa = aa + {a[i]}; result aa; };The block in a statement expression must contain at least one result statement, which determines the type of the statement expression.
symbol result + sum - difference * product / quotient % modulo & bitwise and | bitwise or ^ bitwise xor ~ bitwise negation << shift left >> shift right (logical)The behavior of shifts is unspecified if the shift count is greater than or equal to the word size. If an expression contains an integer division or modulo operation by 0, the expression becomes undefined. The operators
/
and %
are related by the following formula:
x = (x / y) * y + (x % y)The operator
^
is related to the operators &
, |
,
and ~
as follows:
x ^ y = (x & ~y) | (y & ~x)
symbol comparison == equal != not equal < less <= less or equal > greater >= greater or equal
and true if and only if both arguments are true; false otherwise (deprecated) or false if and only if both arguments are false; true otherwise (deprecated) not true if operand is false; false otherwise && likeNote thatand
, but evaluates rhs only if lhs is true || likeor
, but evaluates rhs only if lhs is false ! same asnot
and
and or
evaluate both arguments unconditionally.
symbol result + concatenation
| Precedence | Category | Operators | Associativity |
| 6 (highest) | unary | + - ~ ! not |
right to left |
| 5 | multiplicative | * / % << >> & |
left to right |
| 4 | additive | + - | ^ |
left to right |
| 3 | comparison | == != < <= > >= |
left to right |
| 2 | conjuction | && and |
left to right |
| 1 (lowest) | disjunction | || or |
left to right |
2003 # an int i + 1 # an int 0b100 << i # an int (x - a) * (x + a) # a float {"the", "answer", "is", 42} # a 4-tuple {string, string, string, int} {1.2, 2.3, 3.4, 4.5, 5.6} # a 5-tuple and also an array of float holding 5 elements a[i % $] # (i % len(a)).th element of array a x.f # field f of tuple x {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}[i] # i.th element of constructed array (0 <= i) and (i < n) # true if i in [0, n) min(x, y) # call of function min with arguments x and y a[i:j] # the array (a[i], a[i+1], .. a[j-1])
# Copyright 2010 ################
Include = 'include' file_name. file_name = string.
file_name
specifies a relative path (i.e., does not
start with '/'), the directory location of the file is relative to the including
file (i.e., the file containing the include
clause), or relative to any
number of directories specified as include directories via
command line arguments; unless file_name
starts with a '.' in
which case it must be located relative to the including file.
If other platforms are supported they do not necessarily follow this rule.
include "/home/szluser/stuff" include "lib/qsort.szl"
Proto = 'proto' file_name.
proto "/home/szluser/logfile.proto"
identifier = (letter | '_') {letter | '_' | digit}. letter = 'A' .. 'Z' | 'a' .. 'z'. digit = '0' .. '9'.Various identifiers are predefined. They refer to basic data types, intrinsic functions, incoming parameters, etc. The following is an incomplete list:
int float string time bytes bool fingerprint output stdout stderr _undef_cnt _undef_details true false PI SECOND SEC MINUTE MIN HOUR HR DEBUG def convert new regex saw sawn sawzall fingerprintof format len haskey inproto keys lookup max min assert addday addmonth addweek addyear dayofmonth dayofweek dayofyear hourof minuteof monthof secondof yearof trunctoday trunctohour trunctominute trunctomonth trunctosecond trunctoyear now highbit load getenv lowercase uppercase match strfind strrfind strreplace matchposns matchstrs ln log10 exp pow ___raise_segv rand nrand tobase64 frombase64 splitcsvline splitcsv
szl --explain=
literal = integer | unsigned_integer | fingerprint | floating_point | char | string | time.
integer = ['-'] (binary_int | octal_int | decimal_int | hexadecimal_int). binary_int = '0' ('B' | 'b') bin_digit {bin_digit}. octal_int = '0' oct_digit {oct_digit}. decimal_int = dec_digit {dec_digit}. hexadecimal_int = '0' ('X' | 'x') hex_digit {hex_digit}. bin_digit = '0' .. '1'. oct_digit = '0' .. '7'. dec_digit = '0' .. '9'. hex_digit = '0' .. '9' | 'A' .. 'F' | 'a' .. 'f'.
1 # = 1 011 # = 9 0b1010 # = 10 42 # = 42 0x7f # = 127
-
in front of
an expression; thus a negative integer value can be written in two different
ways. For instance, -3.14 can be written as -3.14
(signed
integer literal) or as - 3.14
(-
operator followed
by unsigned integer literal). This apparent redundancy is required to permit
the entry of the most negative integer value -0x8000000000000000 as a literal
(the corresponding positive value 0x8000000000000000 is too large to be represented).
uint
, not int
.
unsigned_integer = (binary_int | octal_int | decimal_int | hexadecimal_int) ('U' | 'u').
1u # = 1 011u # = 9 0b1010U # = 10 42u # = 42 0x7fU # =<PHONE_NUMBER>4073709551616U # = largest possible 64-bit value
fingerprint = integer ('P' | 'p').
0p # the fingerprint with value 0 0x6347P # the fingerprint with value 25415
floating_point = ['-'] [integer_part]['.' [fraction_part]] [scale_factor]. integer_part = decimal_int. fraction_part = decimal_int. scale_factor = ('E' | 'e') ['+'|'-'] exponent. exponent = decimal_int.
.01 # = 0.01 1e-3 # = 0.001 2. # = 2.0 3.1415 # = 3.1415 2.18E5 # = 218000.0
char = ''' character '''. character = ordinary_character | escaped_character. escaped_character = '\' oct_digit [oct_digit [oct_digit]] | '\' 'x' hex_digit {hex_digit} | '\' 'u' hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit | '\' 'U' hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit hex_digit | '\' ('a' | 'b' | 'f' | 'n' | 'r' | 't' | 'v' | '\' | '"') | '\' ordinary_character.An ordinary character is any printable Unicode character except double quote " or backslash \. The value of an ordinary character prefixed with '\' is the value of the ordinary character (e.g., '\c' == 'c').
'\n' # = 10 'A' # = 65
string = '"' {character} '"' | '`' {character} '`'.The above syntax for strings is somewhat simplified to facilitate reading. In particular, it doesn't exclude " or ' characters from the respective string definitions. To include a double quote character in a string enclosed by double quotes, escape the double quote character:
"\""
.
Back quotes cannot be included directly in a string enclosed by back quotes
since they cannot be escaped in such a string by definition.
Instead, use something like: `string1` + "`" + `string2`
.
Also, it is illegal for to place a character with value 0 in a string literal.
"" # empty string "Sawzall\n" # Sawzall followed by a newline character `"Hello"` # "Hello" (including the "'s)
bytes = 'B' string | 'X' hex_string. hex_string = '"' { hex_digit hex_digit } '"' .
B"" # empty bytes literal B"hello" # five bytes B`"` # one byte, a double quote B"\xff" # one byte, value 255 X"0011AB" # three bytes: 0x00 0x11 0xAB
time = integer ('T' | 't') | 'T' string.
0t # 0 microseconds 1000000T # 1 second T"Tue Jun 5 10:43:07 America/Los_Angeles 2007" T"Wed Feb 4 16:26:41 PST 2004"
Sawzall's time zone support is built upon the ICU C++ code. You can use any time zone recognized by that code. "America/Los_Angeles"-style identifiers are encouraged.
format
which is also the identifier for an
intrinsic function).
+ - * / % & | ^ << >> == != < <= > >= ( ) [ ] { } && || ~ ! . , ; : = <- $ -- ++ all and array break case continue default do each else emit file for format function if include map not of or parsedmessage proc proto rest result return skip some static submatch switch table type weight when while
Production = production_name '=' Expression '.'. Expression = Term { '|' Term }. Term = Factor { Factor }. Factor = production_name | symbol | Group | Option | Repetition. Group = '(' Expression ')'. Option = '[' Expression ']'. Repetition = '{' Expression '}'. production_name = identifier.


--- layout: post title: Harden Wordpress using database permissions date: 2013-01-14 22:56:03.000000000 +01:00 type: post parent_id: '0' published: true password: '' status: publish categories: - General - Security tags: - security - SQL injection - vulnerabilities - Web meta: _edit_last: '3997956' _wpas_done_77741: '1' _publicize_done_external: a:1:{s:8:"linkedin";a:1:{s:10:"SRxrIwgSA1";b:1;}} tagazine-media: a:7:{s:7:"primary";s:0:"";s:6:"images";a:0:{}s:6:"videos";a:0:{}s:11:"image_count";i:0;s:6:"author";s:7:"3997956";s:7:"blog_id";s:8:"11260360";s:9:"mod_stamp";s:19:"2013-01-15 17:43:45";} _wpas_skip_77741: '1' reddit: a:2:{s:5:"count";i:0;s:4:"time";i:1410713438;} _oembed_11e3f2a1e6ae5488e9307ab666207479: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_f85e3a88e19a7f21b4a9059e971bdb76: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_73175b4f4ac375d39ee4b7303e4a4530: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_d0eebe2bc4bed15f633d37e643c06ae7: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_77de6e6c54486f61511c854aed040062: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_28f2e955ba473f5745651b17777411f4: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_b884c744d7723eb661a0ba63d3e65905: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_17aabfb5a31da4427c99204eac95f2d8: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_a0bb9d1603213fe0db6a4e657684584c: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_f19238365c01dad060869e8c4301dc64: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_cd29d48d65ec76bb087ebbc5cbeea64c: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_e868745e9976ff176a718608599f228d: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_823b7c1f3b9b510d5a56a150f3319d11: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_dba47b387498f888bbb036fc03efffa4: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_dbe230cea575d725a966a19efe67958f: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_e9f411fcd2d09d4bda2e6729f2f17abe: "{{unknown}}" _oembed_0e706bf7d3fb7bdf73eec91eef39739e: "{{unknown}}" author: login: geaaal email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Géal first_name: '' last_name: '' ---
Here is a small idea that I would like to throw into the world: most web applications use only one database user for most operations (installation, administration, common usage). Couldn't we harness the database to protect a bit your data?
This is how you could do it:
That was a bit of work, but not that hard! So, what did we do here? We created a user for the admin interface with full privileges on the database (create/update posts, change the taxonomy, approve the comments, etc) and another one for the front end interface, with only read privileges on all tables (that bothers me too, but read on).
This means that SQL injections, either in plugins or in Wordpress code (out of the admin panel) will be much harder to implement with this setup. Beware of the custom tables for some plugins. Those will require specific permissions. Depending on the plugin, some could be read only for common usage.
That's nice, but not enough in my opinion. As I said, the full select permission for the 'read' user bothers me. Couldn't we restrict a bit the permissions on wp_users? Some of the columns are needed, but do we need to access the user_pass column? Also, the "ALL PRIVILEGES" for 'user' is a bit too much. Do we really use the "FILE" privilege (out of SQL injections :D)?
 TO 'user';
With these commands, 'user' can only manipulate tables. If you're an evil DBA, you can even revoke the "CREATE, DROP, ALTER" permission after install, and reactivate them only for upgrades or plugin installation. The 'read' user has the same permissions as before on wp_comments, has "SELECT" on all tables except the wp_users. For wp_users, we grant "SELECT" on all columns except the user_pass one.
Thanks to this configuration, even a SQL injection in a plugin will not reach the password hashes! We also removed dangerous permissions like "FILE". I'd like to prevent timing attacks like "SELECT BENCHMARK(5000000,ENCODE('MSG','by 5 seconds'));" but i did not figure out what is the right syntax for this (I tried variations around: "revoke execute on function benchmark from read", without result).
Thankfully, WordPress mostly works with this configuration, and I think that a lot of other applications could be protected like this. Imagine: you could grant insert but not select on the credit card table in an e-commerce application, and process transactions with a background task with the right permissions.
Database privileges are indeed a powerful tool to protect your code from SQL injections. They might require some architectural changes, but the profits can be huge for your security.


Version: 0.9.0
HC-SR04 is connected as followed on Electron:
| HC-SR04 | Mainboard |
|---|---|
| GND | GND |
| Echo | PA3 |
| trig | PA2 |
| Vcc | 3.3V (not working on 5V !) |
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Threading;
using Bauland.Other;
namespace testTinyClrHCSR04
{
static class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Hcsr04 hcsr04 = new Hcsr04((0 * 16) + 2, (0 * 16) + 3)
{
// You can change linear coefficient to adjust measure, but it is not mandatory
A = 0.82f,
B = 2.10f
};
while (true)
{
Debug.WriteLine(hcsr04.ReadCentimeters() + " cm, " + hcsr04.ReadInches() + " in.");
Thread.Sleep(500);
}
}
}
}


How "heavy" the test is
(String "enormous", "large" "medium" or "small",
default is "medium")
A classification of the test's "heaviness": how much time/resources
it needs to run.
Unittests are considered "small", integration tests "medium", and
end-to-end tests "large" or "enormous". Bazel uses the size only
to determine a default timeout.


--- title: A Tale of Two Testing Environments author: Irene Steves date: '2018-08-11' slug: two-test-env categories: [] tags: [] output: blogdown::html_page: toc: true toc_depth: 3 cover: /taleoftwocities.jpg ---
Today marks the second time I’ve debugged the problem of tests that pass with devtools::test()
but fail with devtools::check()
. Since I’m now riding my debug-success high (and hope never to repeat this again), here is a blogpost.
There are some resources online (see below) to help with debugging this particular problem, but they are sparse and situation-specific. In the Automated Checking chapter of R packages, Hadley writes:
Occasionally you may have a problem where the tests pass when run interactively with
devtools::test()
, but fail when inR CMD check
. This usually indicates that you’ve made a faulty assumption about the testing environment, and it’s often hard to figure it out.
This is so true, but also not really what I wanted to read when I was stuck in this situation.
My first experience with the two-testing-environment problem involved the httr
package, which I wrote about in my previous blogpost. In this package, the content()
function takes an API response and by default, tries to parse the response. I happily used this to automatically read in a csv–that is, until I realized that it was the source of my debugging frustration.
Turns out, the content()
function calls readr::read_csv()
by default. Since readr
is listed in Suggests
in the httr
package, it was not accounted for in R CMD CHECK. Once I added it to the DESCRIPTION file of my own package, all tests were happy once again.
This time around, I knew right away that the problem had something to do with my environment, but I still needed hours to figure it out (granted, I ran into this bug late on a Friday so perhaps the other lesson here is…try again Monday). This time, I was in the unfortunate position of a test breaking on a “workhorse” function which–in retrospect–was trying to do way too much:
The YAML part was actually the easiest, since it was already its own function. I wrote some tests and confirmed that this was not the breaking piece.
The other parts were a bit harder to figure out because they were not modularized. Starting out with functional programming, it’s easy to get stuck on the “three times” rule:
You should consider writing a function whenever you’ve copied and pasted a block of code more than twice (i.e. you now have three copies of the same code). (R4DS)
or in Twitter form:
{{% tweet "909242896691466240" %}}However, even if they are only used once, functions help keep code modular and readable. Modularity is particularly useful for testing and debugging. Readability can be enhanced by using small, well-named helpers rather than comments. Check out Code Smells and Feels for an example:
Finally, I dug into my ill-fated sourcery. Because these extra functions were not an official part of the package (they live in inst
), there was no automatic check on them to catch packages not listed in the DESCRIPTION
file. Thus, they were only tested when called explicitly, and broke in weird ways.
Coincidentally, the culprit happened to be readr
again. Once I put it into my DESCRIPTION
, I was on the home stretch.
In retrospect, the error message about failing namespaces makes a bit more sense:
checking tests ... ERROR
Running 'testthat.R'
Running the tests in 'tests/testthat.R' failed.
Last 13 lines of output:
5: getExportedValue(pkg, name)
6: asNamespace(ns)
7: getNamespace(ns)
8: tryCatch(loadNamespace(name), error = function(e) stop(e))
9: tryCatchList(expr, classes, parentenv, handlers)
10: tryCatchOne(expr, names, parentenv, handlers[[1L]])
11: value[[3L]](cond)
In my meanderings through GitHub issues and StackOverflow, I came across some other solutions to this problem:
Sys.setenv("R_TESTS" = "")
as the first line in tests/testthat.R”devtools::test()
and devtools::check()
was due to having the definition of a new unit in a .R file rather than inside .onLoad()
(and removing it in .onUnload()
).”base::sort()
to create the levels of a factor. (To ensure that they would always align, even if the data was in a different order.) The problem is, that the default sort method depends on the locale of your system. And R CMD check
uses a different locale than my interactive session.”In response to my tweet about this blogpost, Tony Elhabr pointed out this passage in the Tests chapter for the R Packages book that highlights a few other gotchas:
{{% tweet "1028677497670590464" %}}Debugging this kind of error is no joke! In the future, I would start with the following:
Suggests
section in other packages–make sure you list any relevant packages in your DESCRIPTION fileFinally, be strategic: isolate the problem, test it systematically, and learn from the pain of those who debugged before you.


Housie
Description:
Its an game which is totally based on luck where the participants have to mark off the number that have been called to accomplish a particular winning pattern.


Demonstrate use of ngxSplit with the Flex-Layout API
and flexbox css layouts.
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January 1, 1970 syn for mutex daemon todo mountain dew recursively. Mainframe
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fork script kiddies.


Breadcrumb
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Text
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Grid
Linear
Tab
Intranet
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Responsive Image Map / Image
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Common Widget
file_copy
Style Properties
Change the following values only if you need to alter the layout. Please note that it will
affect the overall row behavior
Height
Automatically Calculate Height
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px%
Width
Automatically Calculate Width
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Lidia's Italy: Recipes: Celery Root and Apple Salad: Comments
Celery Root and Apple Salad Insalata di Mele cookbook: Lidia Cooks from the Heart of Italy main ingredients: apple. recipe. user comments (0). Showing 0 of 0 .
http://www.lidiasitaly.com/recipes/comments/357
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Video: How to Trim and Peel Celery Root - NYTimes.com
Mar 23, 2012 . She offers more recipes on her blog. See all posts » | RSS » . Celery Root Salad With Arugula and Pecans. Yield 4 servings . Pour the vinaigrette over the salad and toss well. Season with . Eric AsimovRT @TillmanLydia: I love my life. http://t .co/urX7I1b1 less than a minute ago . On the Wine Trail in Italy.
http://dinersjournal.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/23/mastering-celery-root/
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Lidia's Italy: Recipes: Potato Celery Root Dumplings
Find the recipe for Potato Celery Root Dumplings and other potato recipes at Lidiasitaly.com. . Canederli al Cumino cookbook: Lidia Cooks from the Heart of Italy . Serve them with eggs for a special breakfast or brunch, with a salad for lunch .
http://lidiasitaly.com/recipes/detail/958
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Lidia's Italy Full Episodes and Online Videos for Lidia's Italy at ...
Apr 24, 2012 . Watch Lidia's Italy full episodes and online videos for Lidia's Italy on . the beer back to the kitchen, using it in a simple Chicken with Beer recipe. She'll also prepare Dumplings with Speck and a Celery Root and Apple Salad.
http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/lidias-italy/videos/287038
Lidia Bastianich's holiday tips and more
Nov 11, 2010 . Lidia Bastianich is the Italian grandmother you never had who passes down family recipes and teaches you . Celery root and apple salad.
http://www.sheknows.com/food-and-recipes/articles/819638/Q-A-with-Lidia-Bastianich
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Lidia's Italy _ Simmering Chicken in Beer - Video Dailymotion
. Dumplings with Speck and a Celery Root and Apple Salad.
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xqcujq_lidia-s-italy-simmering-chicken-in-beer_lifestyle
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08-09 marc's braised short ribs with celery root puree and garnish
recipe created 2008-04 by dr bob. . Mario has said very flattering things about Marc, and as the younger generation of authentic Italian cuisine notables led by Lidia, . celery root salad (garnish, really): 1 celery root, peeled and julienned .
http://www.csc.villanova.edu/~jantzen/drbob/recipes/marcshortribs.htm
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Lidia's Italy - AT&T U-verse
Leave it to Lidia to bring the beer back to the kitchen, using it in a simple Chicken with Beer recipe. She'll also prepare Dumplings with Speck and a Celery Root .
http://uverseonline.att.net/tv/show/lidias-italy
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Have you tried ... celery root? | Tulsa World
Nov 8, 2012 . Here are two recipes that use celery root: . LIDIA BASTIANICH'S CELERY ROOT AND APPLE SALAD. 2 pound . adapted from Lidia's Italy .
http://www.tulsaworld.com/site/articlepath.aspx?articleid=20121108_39_D1_CUTLIN245879
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Watch Lidia's Italy Online - Full Episodes of Lidia's Italy & More TV ...
Lidia's Italy celebrates the land Lidia Bastianich calls home. . warm and engaging host demonstrates two or three recipes she encountered during her travels. . She'll also prepare Dumplings with Speck and a Celery Root and Apple Salad.
http://tv.blinkx.com/show/lidia-italy/JZhaT5e7tnZck47y
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Lidia's Italy: Sardinian Lobster Salad » TV Programs on Iowa Public ...
Lydia's Italy | Behind the scenes with Lydia Bastianich and Grandma | PBS . with Beer recipe and Dumplings with Speck and Celery Root and Apple Salad are .
http://www.iptv.org/series.cfm/18593/lidias_italy/ep:410/episodes
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Lidia's Italy: Recipes: Celery Root and Apple Salad
serves: 6 servings. Here's another fine winter salad, pairing one of my favorite, underappreciated vegetables-celery root-with fresh apples. The mellow, tender .
http://www.lidiasitaly.com/recipes/detail/357
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Lidia recipe from recent show - Home Cooking - Chowhound
Jan 28, 2010 . Lidia has a recipe for them in Lidia's Italian-American Kitchen. . Here is Lidia's recipe for Potato-Celery Root Dumplings (Canederli).
http://chowhound.chow.com/topics/683807
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Recipe: Celery Root and Asian Pear Salad
Cooking from the Hip by Cat Cora includes quick and easy recipes like Celery Root and Asian Pear Salad, Salmon-Topped Hash, and Cherry Clafouti.
http://www.globalgourmet.com/food/cookbook/2007/hip/celery-root-salad.html
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Salad Recipes and Menus - SAVEUR.com
Salad recipes including pasta salad, potatoe salad, chicken salad, fruit salad, broccoli . In this classic bistro salad julienned celery root melds with a Dijon . 1998), Lidia Bastianich recommends making this rustic Italian salad with toasted .
http://www.saveur.com/solrSearchResults.jsp?p=1&fq=Course:Salad
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Recipes With Photos - Lidia's Italy
Find recipes, videos, discussions and more at Lidia's Italy. . di Mele con Noci. Celery Root and Apple Salad Insalata di Mele . Enjoy Lidia's Sauces! buy now .
http://www.lidiasitaly.com/recipes/ingredient/apple?sort=photos
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Cooks.com - Recipes - Celery Root Chicken Soup
Potatoes | Salads | Sauces . ITALIAN COOKIE ICING . by Lydia Wilen . This soup is called underground ... it uses mostly root vegetables, i.e. things ... powder , salt and pepper, . Note: Celery root is difficult to ... prevent it from turning brown.
http://www.cooks.com/rec/search/0,1-0,celery_root_chicken_soup,FF.html
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Braised Celery Recipe : Alton Brown : Recipes : Food Network
Browse Similar Recipes. Spice-Rubbed Pork Tenderloin with Celery Root-Apple Puree and Cider Gravy. Spice-Rubbed Pork Tenderloin... Celery Root and .
http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/alton-brown/braised-celery-recipe/
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Mario Batali - the chew - ABC.com
or, browse all recipes » . Mario Batali's Chicken and Polenta with Celery Root and Sage . This sweet and sour vegetable salad would also be delicious as a topping for . Holiday Chicken Breast Eggplant Fontina Cheese Lidia Bastianich . This Italian comfort food is simply enough to prepare for a weeknight meal, and .
http://beta.abc.go.com/shows/the-chew/recipesearch?q=mario%20batali
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Cookstr - Celery Root Timbales
A great recipe for Celery Root Timbales by Victoria Blashford-Snell and Brigitte Hafner from The Illustrated Kitchen Bible.
http://www.cookstr.com/recipes/celery-root-timbales
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Lidia Cooks From The Heart of Italy at Mozza
Mar 7, 2011 . From the North East of Italy we have a recipe for Celery Root and Apple Salad paired with 2009 Friulano Adriatico Bastianich Colli Orientali .
http://www.ladlesandjellyspoons.com/2011/03/lidia-cooks-from-the-heart-of-italy-at-mozza/
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Autumn Celery Root Potato Salad Recipe : Anna Olson Recipes ...
Try this Autumn Celery Root Potato Salad recipe by Chef Anna Olson. This recipe is from the show Fresh.
http://www.lifestylefood.com.au/recipes/10510/autumn-celery-root-potato-salad
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Lidia Bastianich's Boston Cream Cakes - ABC News
Boston cream cakes do not sound Italian, but this recipe was given to me by Italians. At Scialo . Crab Cakes With Celery Root Rémoulade and Chipotle Mayonnaise . Carla Hall's Mixed Greens and Pan-Roasted Butternut Squash Salad .
http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/recipe/lidia-bastianichs-boston-cream-cakes-14865604
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Lidia's Italy: Recipes
Find recipes, videos, discussions and more at Lidia's Italy. . Radicchio, Goat Cheese, and Raisin Salad Insalata di Caprino e . Potato Celery Root Dumplings .
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Best of "The Martha Stewart Show": Celebrity Chef Recipes - Martha ...
View Marthastewart's Celebrity Chef Recipes collection Get recipes, crafts, and decorating tips from The Martha Stewart Show, Mad Hungry, Everyday Food, and .
http://www.marthastewart.com/275684/celebrity-chef-recipes
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Dumplings with Speck (or Bacon) | The Cookbook Blog
Jul 8, 2011 . Many of the recipes in this book have been featured on her television show Lidia's Italy, which, if you're a fan of the show (I am), is a plus.
http://www.thecookbookblog.com/2011/07/08/dumplings-with-speck-or-bacon/
Lidia Cooks From the Heart of Italy - The Austin Chronicle
Oct 30, 2009 . Lidia Cooks from the Heart of Italy: A Feast of 175 Regional Recipes . apples in the celery root and apple salad, followed by spaghetti with .
http://www.austinchronicle.com/food/2009-10-30/901290/
October 2010 Table of Contents: TOC: bonappetit.com
Oct 18, 2010 . Root vegetables like rutabagas, beets, parsnips, and celery root are sure to shine in our nine amazing recipes. by Molly Stevens. Lidia's Friuli Chef and TV personality Lidia Bastianich cooks up a Friulian menu inspired by her childhood in northeastern Italy. text by Nina Elder. entertaining with style® .
http://www.bonappetit.com/magazine/toc/october_2010_toc
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{% extends "admin/change_form.html" %} {% load i18n adminmedia %} {% block bodyclass %}amazon_resources-add-resource{% endblock %} {% block breadcrumbs %}{% if not is_popup %}
{% endif %}{% endblock %} {% block content %}This will import a new resource from Amazon.
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Main Panel Contents
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Index
A
- Philter::allow() — Method in class Philter
- Removes any characters that are not in the allow list
- Philter::alpha() — Method in class Philter
- Removes any non alphabetical characters
- Philter::alphanum() — Method in class Philter
- Removes any non alpha-numeric characters
- Philter::apply() — Method in class Philter
- Accepts a user defined closure
- Philter::ascii() — Method in class Philter
- Removes any non-ascii characters, transliterating as necessary
B
- Philter::between() — Method in class Philter
- Filters the variable, ensuring it is between $min and $max
C
- Philter::contains() — Method in class Philter
- Checks that the variable contains the string in $match
- Philter::cut() — Method in class Philter
- Shortens the length to $len characters
D
- Philter::default() — Method in class Philter
- Sets a default value to be returned if the variable is null
- Philter::digits() — Method in class Philter
- Removes any non numeric characters
I
- Philter::in() — Method in class Philter
- Filter to check if the value is in the provided array of values
L
- Philter::ltrim() — Method in class Philter
- Trims the leftmost character matching $char
M
- Philter::min() — Method in class Philter
- Check the input is greater than the value of max, sets var to null if less than $Min
- Philter::max() — Method in class Philter
- Check the input is less than the value of max, sets var to null if greater than $max
N
- Philter::numeric() — Method in class Philter
- Removes any non numeric characters, allows typical currency markup + or - commas and decimals
P
R
- Philter::rtrim() — Method in class Philter
- Trims the rightmost character matching $char
S
- Philter::stripAttributes() — Method in class Philter
- Removes the majority of HTML tags leaving only a basic set without attributes
- Philter::stripHtml() — Method in class Philter
- Removes all HTML and javascript
- Philter::stripJavascript() — Method in class Philter
- Removes all javascript
- Philter::stripTags() — Method in class Philter
- Removes the majority of HTML tags leaving only a basic set without attributes
- Philter::stripUnprintable() — Method in class Philter
- Removes any unprintable characters, this filter is processed by default
T
- Philter::toBool() — Method in class Philter
- Return the variable cast as a Boolean
- Philter::toFloat() — Method in class Philter
- Return the variable cast as a Float
- Philter::toInt() — Method in class Philter
- Return the variable cast as an Integer
- Philter::toString() — Method in class Philter
- Return the variable cast as a String
- Philter::trim() — Method in class Philter
- Trims the leading and trailing characters from the variable
U
- Philter::utf8() — Method in class Philter
- Convert the string to UTF-8 transliterating if possible
_
- Philter::__construct() — Method in class Philter
- The constructor requires the untrusted input.


This chapter assumes that the environment variable PATH includes
<prefix>/bin
, where <prefix>
points to the SICStus
installation directory. The installation directory is specified during
installation; see UNIX installation. For example:
csh,tcsh> setenv PATH "/usr/local/bin:$PATH" sh,bash,ksh> export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"


Rollback to a previous rollout.
Examples:
# Rollback to the previous deployment
kubectl rollout undo deployment/abc
# Rollback to daemonset revision 3
kubectl rollout undo daemonset/abc --to-revision=3
# Rollback to the previous deployment with dry-run
kubectl rollout undo --dry-run=server deployment/abc
kubectl rollout undo (TYPE NAME | TYPE/NAME) [flags] [options]
Use "kubectl options" for a list of global command-line options (applies to all commands).


Hi everyone.
This is lesson number twenty minus two from a tutorial path on probability and in this lesson we study the uniform distribution.
A uniform random variable is equally likely to take any anybody between it's lower limit and it's upper limit.
To explain that, I'm going to draw this graph.
This base of the rectangle has a length of B minus A.
Therefore, for b minus a times height should give us an area equal to one, which implies that h should be equal to 1 over b minus a.
In other words, that's the PDF.
Now that we have the PDF, we're going to derive the CDF, F of x.
I'll show you how to get that.
That's the CDF.
That's actually the mid point.
So it says, since the PDF is flat and constant, the expected value is going to be right at the middle of lower, between the lower limits and the upper limit, which is a plus b over 2 or b plus a over 2.
The rest of this lesson is going to be showing you how to get this CDF expected value, variance and moment generating function.
Let's find the CDF.
That is because X cannot take values less than a.
That's the CDF for values of X between a and b.
It turns out that the CDF...
When X is greater than b, the CDF is equal to one.
I could have actually found that CDF in a much easier way than the way I did with integrals.
You really didn't need to do the integral.
If you calculate the area of that rectangle, the base as a value of X minus a times height, which is 1 over b minus a, that gives you X minus a over b minus a.
Plug in the lower limit and the upper limit here.
We know the first moment.
Second moment is the integral from a to b.
b cubed minus a cubed is the difference of two cubes.
That's the second moment.
The first moment is b plus a over 2.
4ab minus 6ab is minus 2ab.
We found the CDF expected value to variance.
We're going to go ahead and find the moment generating function.
That's the MGF of a uniform random variable.


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filmcritic.com presents a review from staff member Jeremiah Kipp. You can find the review with full credits at http://a.filmcritic.com/misc/emporium.nsf/2a460f93626cd4678625624c007f2b46/bd7281de2f9dea768825693d0014ea8b?OpenDocument
THE BALLAD OF RAMBLIN' JACK A film review by Jeremiah Kipp Copyright 2000 filmcritic.com filmcritic.com
One of the biggest surprises at the Sundance Film Festival was debut filmmaker Aiyana Elliott's documentary portrait of her cantankerous folk singer dad, The Ballad of Ramblin' Jack. It was curious to see how well the audience responded to this deeply personal, lyrical film of lonesome highways and tough talking cowboys.
Aiyana Elliott previously made an impression on the festival circuit with her ferocious short, Tough, which offered a strong visual sensibility influenced by the washed out look of the golden era of '70s filmmaking. She knew how to truthfully portray a modern dysfunctional family, with naturalistic performances and startlingly honest dialogue, a unit whose means of communication is handled through shouting. It's not surprising to see that these themes continue in her current feature.
If Ms. Elliott's documentary fares less well, it's perhaps because her instincts are stronger as a narrative filmmaker with control over the subject matter and, perhaps, autobiographical implications. The fact is, her dad doesn't really like to talk about herself. He flagrantly shows his lack of connection and wary affection. At nearly two hours, the film is too long, and Jack Elliott rambles and evades to the point where we genuinely "get it" after an hour or so. From then on, The Ballad of Ramblin' Jack seems redundant.
Aiyana Elliott makes herself a character in the film, along for the ride during a Midwest tour and chronicling her daddy's life on the way. Ramblin' Jack was a big folk singer I'd never heard of. Bob Dylan was his pupil, and he was apparently a huge influence on the Rolling Stones, Dylan and other rock/folk performers. Kris Kristofferson and Arlo Guthrie are among the celebrities waxing philosophical about Ramblin' jack, usually saying that they never saw someone speak so well about absolutely worthless horseshit.
There's a personal history unfolding, breaking through the '50s into the beatnik era and the swinging '60s, to the trippy '70s style which influences the entire movie. Aiyana Elliott tries to get sun flare in almost every shot which tracks down the desolate patches of road and field in the heartland of America.
The interviews have a range from the honest to the superficial, which you'll find in many documentaries. When people try to get into the depth of Jack's persona or personality, it feels pretty thin and rote. Still, Aiyana Elliott is able to capture the gravity of silences, when people aren't sure what to say. There's a brilliant sequence where she asks her mom how good of a husband and father he was, and she can't answer for a good minute, trying to control her fits of laughter.
There's a wonderful, definitive moment where Aiyana and her dad are driving around trying to find the first house she lived in. It's important for her, a touch of personal nostalgia, and he can't find it. He finally gives up after having promised her to track it down.  Boy, does he annoy Aiyana onscreen, but the moment plays out sad and funny.
That's the tone of The Ballad of Ramblin' Jack, which earns the moment where Jack sings a lonely tune for his daughter at the last concert. He's too mean to be sentimental, but the heartstrings get tugged nonetheless.

The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
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Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
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disable swipe
Check to disable swiping
disable-swipe:
{{disableCheck}}
Swipe disabled
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left swipe only
Checked to enable only left swiping
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit. Maiores, voluptas.
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Swipe to any side
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with tap handler
Left swiping is enabled here!
tap-underlay
event will be fired here!
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit. Eaque, quae!
Fire tap-underlay event
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit. Aut, sunt!
fire event when content has been dragged to the edge!
Left swiping only!
Swipe to fire
edge
event!
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit. Ea, ipsa!
Fire 'edge' event
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reset swiping position with onClick on underlay!
Swipe left or right...
Tap on underlay (orange panel) to dismiss swipe!
This is achieved by using
on-click
event!
Click to reset the position of the panel!
Reset Swipe Position
Swipe left or right to remove the panel.
reset swiping position with onTapUnderlay event handler!
Swipe left or right...
Tap on underlay (orange panel) to dismiss swipe!
This is achieved by using
tap-underlay
event!
Click to reset the position of the panel!
Reset Swipe Position
Swipe left or right to remove the panel.
Element's Boilerplate
disableSwipe
resetSwipe
//Note: Set true if undo swipe to dismiss is required.
swipeLeft
swipeRight
onEdge
onTapUnderlay
peekOffset
//Optional: Number of pixels needed to slide in order to 'peek' the underlay's content.
slideOffset
//Optional: Number of pixels needed to slide to let the slider moves to the edge itself.
content
//Required: Add the attribute on an element as the sliding panel. For more info, please refer to the doc.
underlay
//Optional: Add the attribute on another element as the layer situated beneath the sliding panel. For more info, please refer to the doc.


Hi! If you give me about 25 minutes, I will teach you the basic ideas behind
reinforcement learning (RL), which is a powerful technology for artificial intelligence
(AI), and an exciting solution to problems that can't be solved by classical ways
of programming.
But before we start, let's play a little game. I won't explain the rules, but I'll tell you that you can click on things, and that red is bad, and green is good.


 If you think about it, it just doesn't make sense. It's a tale about wishy-washy "humanitarianism." It claims that a brutal murderer if given the opportunity to change, will become rehabilitated if his captors treat him in a loving way. That is something I just find hard to believe always happens (opinions often change, but people (principles) do not).
This is a middle-brow art film and even though it pretends to offer more, it doesn't. It should only serve those who go to films to be entertained in the way a vacuous Hollywood film does, where the viewer is expected not to care how ridiculous the story is. What this film is best at doing, is having its star actors look good and have a cinematographer, like Eduardo Sarra (Leconte himself did a lot of the filming), make a static film look stimulating by beautifully photographing it. These are diversionary tactics that can easily lull one into just going into a slumber and accepting this contrived film at face value without giving it a further thought.
Patrice Leconte ("Ridicule") latest film "The Widow of St. Pierre" is particularly annoying because it is so smug. It is a film that stacks the deck in the murderer's favor and could care less about the murder victim. If the film's aim is to make a case against capital punishment, it succeeds only in making a case for phony compassion. It shows an elitist couple who are isolated from the common people they pretend to love and who act prickly with the people of their own class; they sneer at them but share the same luxurious lifestyle. I'm afraid the filmmaker's aims are just to make a movie pushing its star cast into appealing fantasy roles and sucking the viewer into believing the film is serious in tackling tough issues because the stars are taking their roles in a serious manner. Its moral high ground against capital punishment was not only unconvincing, but it leaves a bitter feeling in the air. Do-gooders generally manage to do more harm than good, and that will prove itself in this film as well. The captain is so devoted and enslaved by the love he has for his wife, that he becomes remiss in his duties and in the end is executed in France for sedition. The widow of Saint-Pierre is Juliette Binoche (In my book, she's the Julia Roberts of French movies, matching the American in superficial acting techniques).
The story, which is partially based on court records, takes place in 1849 and is set during the French Second Republic on Saint Pierre, a poor fisherman's French island off the coast of Newfoundland. A senseless murder takes place when two fisherman are drunk and go to the cabin of their former captain. They stand outside and argue if he is big or fat. When he comes outside with a knife to investigate, Neel Auguste (Emir Kusturica-Sarajevan film director) knocks the knife out of his hand while Louis Ollivier (Bouchard) holds him. We don't see what happens, as the filmmaker cleverly shifts to a horse being unloaded, from a boat, for the army captain (Daniel Auteuil) who is in charge of the garrison on the island. In the court trial, we hear Neel tell how he picked up the knife and stabbed his victim to death while Louis continued to hold him. Neel is sentenced to be guillotined on the island and Louis is given a long sentence of hard labor in a French prison.
It might be of interest to note, that Guillotine is a slang word for "widow" in French.
The local reaction to the murderers is at first harsh, as Louis will die accidently when being transported to prison. The locals chuck rocks at him as he passes them in the street, causing the horses to rear up and throw him off the wagon and onto a rock.
The island has no guillotine and no one willing to be an executioner, so the prisoner rots away in his darkened cell. The captain's do-gooder wife Madame La (Binoche), gets her husband to allow her to have the prisoner build a greenhouse. He turns out to be a nice man when not drunk and willingly obeys all Madame La's wishes. She soon has him helping other villagers and doing chores under no supervision.  Her reason for helping the prisoner is because she says people change. The men who politically administer the island do not approve of the way he's treating the prisoner and making them look powerless in the eyes of the island inhabitants, but the captain ignores their malicious gossip and treats them with self-righteous contempt; and, he tells them to mind their own business. The prisoner will meet a widow on Dog Island (Lascault) and have a sexual relationship with her and when she becomes pregnant, he will marry her. In one of the most contrived scenes in the film, the prisoner will rescue the owner of the town's only saloon as she is rolling down a hill in a wagon transporting her saloon. His popularity on the island will grow and by the time France sends the guillotine over a year has passed, and now none of the locals want the popular prisoner executed. But the governor and the judge insist on the execution, believing it will make them look bad in Paris if they don't carry out the orders.
Basically, this is a bourgeois story about the self-righteous couple wallowing in their comfort and materialism and self-aggrandizing powers. The prisoner is made into a one-dimensional martyr who doesn't question anything about his situation. His blank look at his situation is probably what the director expects from his ideal movie viewer. This is a visually pleasing film; it has nothing more to offer than a make believe tale about real issues and concerns that the film can't get to because of its own arrogance in filmmaking.
REVIEWED ON 5/13/2001 GRADE: C-
Dennis Schwartz: "Ozus' World Movie Reviews"
http://www.sover.net/~ozus
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>© ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DENNIS SCHWARTZ
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


THREE TO TANGO
Reviewed by Harvey Karten Warner Bros./Village Roadshow Director: Damon Santostefano Writer: Rodney Vaccaro, Aline Brosh McKenna, story by Vaccaro Cast: Matthew Perry, Neve Campbell, Dylan McDermott, Oliver Platt
"Three to Tango" is a romantic comedy that wants to shock the audience into laughing by presenting some cutesy takes on the gay culture. The only difficulty with this theme is that what would be startling in the 1950's is thoroughly passe by now. Since Damon Santostefano, who directed the slight story, does not have a script that can make much use of the big screen, "Three to Tango" might fit in just fine as a TV sitcom, preferably about 7 o'clock on a slow Monday evening. The story is perfectly suited to the talent of its TV-based star, Matthew Perry ("Friends"). Even its motif is strained and implausible: a multimillionaire tycoon, Charles Newman (Dylan McDermott), hires an architect, Oscar Novak (Matthew Perry), to spy on his mistress, Amy (Neve Campbell). Oscar and his partner Peter Steinberg (Oliver Platt) are fighting to win a 90 million dollar contract to construct a cultural center in Chicago. By catering to the honcho's undignified whim, Oscar believes he can beat the larger, slicker firm of Decker (John C. McGinley) and Strauss (Bob Balaban).
Any moderately intelligent fourteen-year-old will be way ahead of the thoroughly predictable plot, whose loose ends are tied up tightly, with justice perfectly meted out to each principal. "Three to Tango" is a one-joke comedy based on a gimmick so slim that Santostefano can barely sustain the romantic tension for half of its mercifully brief length. The gimmick is that Oscar, who has agreed to keep tabs daily on Amy, is erroneously thought by Oscar's boss Charles to be gay. When Amy, an artist who holds frequent exhibitions of her work, meets Oscar for the first time, it's love at first sight for both, but given that Amy believes Oscar to be gay and that Oscar must continue to play the game if he is to win the contract, the two are unable to consummate their relationship. As with virtually all romantic comedies, the two principals must be kept apart until the very end, a concept easily fulfilled by this notion.
Santostefano, making his major motion-picture debut, plays the sit-com card to the limit, using several themes to milk what little comedy can be found in the story. One such strain allows Amy to be more honest with Oscar than she would be with a guy whom she believes to be straight. She allows him to watch her while taking her bubble bath and makes him the guest of honor with her circle of girl friends as they exchange barbs about the clumsy pick-up lines they've encountered form men.  One of the classier jokes sees Oscar and Amy indulging in a grotesque-looking tuna melt, stepping outside the diner, and vomiting into the gutter.
One wonders what scripter Rodney Patrick Vaccaro had in mind when he believed that the entire population of Chicago would be abuzz on the morning that one of its leading dailies headlined the news that Oscar--who with his partner is expected to build the culture center--is a gay man.
The one redeeming feature of this unimaginatively photographed movie is the attractiveness of the three actors, though Dylan McDermott does appear too old for Neve Campbell whose perpetual smiles are a mite too broad to believe. If Matthew Perry has any depth beyond what he has shown in "Friends," none of it appears here. You've seen it all many times before with slightly different motifs, and as they say, "Three to Tango" is a crowd.
Rated PG-13. Running Time: 95 minutes. (C) 1999 Harvey Karten
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
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| DOSE: T+ 0:00 |
1 tablet |
oral |
MDMA |
(pill / tablet) |
| T+ 3:00 |
2 tablets |
oral |
MDMA |
(pill / tablet) |
Twenty nine year old teaching professional decides to try MDMA. No previous psychoactive experience other than dope (a very long time ago and nauseating) probably going through a pre-thirty crisis thing. Hopefully this information will not prejudice my case.
The first trip:
At The Fridge in Brixton on a Friday night. Given four unknown white pills by the lovely N. I had been drinking earlier and had actually been violently ill in a pub toilet (I am not a heavy drinker). My nausea may have been due to the fear I was also experiencing. The idea of taking this substance was enormously exciting and scary (a factor which I still feel several trips on and is more acute when I am alone). By the time we got to the club I felt sober but in a poor way. I hadn't eaten properly that night and was worried about what effect this would have on me. I was also acutely aware of all the information I have to give to children about how this stuff would kill me stone dead. What was I more afraid of? Boredom or death?
In the club I dosed myself with half a pill and armed myself with water and gum which I had been assured I would need. As a group of friends we danced for about twenty minutes. Fairly suddenly I was siezed with the desire to leave the group. As I moved away I became aware of a sudden shift in visual perception. It seemed to be a combination of two things. On the one hand I was suddenly able to look intensly at the faces of other people, a thing that we all tend to shy away from as it is usually a hostile act, on the other I was convinced that I could see much clearer (I am usually shortsighted) and marvelled at my new found sight.
I instincitvely moved away from the dancefloor and managed to find a nice cool fire escape to sit down in. This is probably a very bad thing to do but I seemed to be working at a very primative level. Curl up in a ball in the corner. Once I was sitting I vomited explosively. The interesting thing about this is that compared with earlier, alcohol induced sickness, this was a pleasent sensation. As I heaved, in one continuous motion, I felt physically healthy and content.
Once I had been ill I realized that I was experiencing certain effects of the drug. My skin was picking up on any hint of cooling air movement making it very pleasent and my sense of smell and taste had dissappeared. A security gaurd shouted to me to tell me that I shouldn't have been sitting there (head in hands feeling content) and I was pleasently suprised to find that I was able, with little difficulty, to both answer him, in a friendly fashion, and get up.
Back in the club I found that I was experiencing psychedelic reactions to colours and patterns.  The white appeared to be purple but this may have been reflected U.V. light which had an unusually bewitching effect on me.
From then on the night took on a certain set routine. I was attracted to patterns and shapes and was unable to contain my delight at them. Flourescent body paint was particularly alluring. I lost all interest in the music and it faded away from me.  I was aware that people who didn't smile found my behaviour disturbing and avoided them in a guiltless and carefree way; I was aware of potential conflict but it did not intrude into my blissfully contented state.
When walking I was able to move easily but was often constrained by a sense that I couldn't move and so proceeded in a stately fashion (semi-stumbling) around the place. When talking I was often overcome by a sudden wave of deep emotional feeling just before I replied to flashed smiles. These followed my habitual enqiries after everybody's good health,
'You'walrwright?' Which come from a man who would usually use twenty words where one will do.
I dosed myself with MDMA twice more; taking two pills in total.
Conversations were short and friendly. People offered me hugs which felt beautiful and satisfying in a way that no human contact has ever felt before. Interestingly, and despite all the hype, I still felt libidinous and would seek out the attention of women but I was both non-threatening and non-predatory. This, coupled with my new free and easy nature took all the awkwardness out of being with women and I was entirely happy, as were they to talk easily, hug, massage each other and kiss delicately. A very close and safe feeling suffused the place.
The desire to wander is strong and worrying. My friends finally found me and were pleased to see that I was fine. I soon lost them again. I felt no tiredness until six in the morning when we left the place. I was still euphoric but the visual stimulation had gone.
The comedown was very gentle really. I felt tired next morning and my jaw muscles ached but there were no horrible hangover feelings and no speed comedown fluiness. I felt empty and slow and I realized that I hadn't eaten in a long time.
Subsequant experiances, alone and in groups, with mitsubishi turbos (a brown/pink colour) have lead to these revisions.
1: The visual stimulation with the unnamed white pills was strong but mitsubishis produced no such effect. They were euphoric but either their composition was different or my response had changed.
2: Ecstasy is a fun drug when you are living in the straight world and allows you to talk to people without fear and without playing status games. This relaxation of normal behavioural codes has the effect of making you attractive, both romantically and platonically) as you become a much more receptive human being and you appear to be non-threatening.
3: Ectasy is at it's best when you take it in an environment where others are also using. They are much more open to you. Beware tourists. At the Scala in London I found myself amongst many other users, and lovely people they were too, but a drunken few abused my trusting state (I didn't care too much) and I am aware how this could lead to trouble.
4: I didnt try dancing on my first trip but did later. Any fast limb movement enhances the euphoric feeling.
5: Sex and ectasy do mix. I have found that it prolongs sensual and so gentle sexual pleasure. However it can lead to worrying side effects. The combination of E and sex is so good that you over-do it.  Burns, muscle strain and heat rash can be one of the results. After talking to others I realize that I am unusual in that I not only feel libidinous on E but am able to maintain erection. It's an ill wind that blows nobody any good.
6: E enhances your empathic response and you seek to help those in distress readily with little fear.
I hope that these notes will be of use.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Gaussian Kernel Generator
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Money Play. How should Red play 43?
pips Red=156 White=154
(CorrectAnswer= 0/0, ErrorScore= 0)
If you have read Bill Robertie’s new book, “How to play the Opening in Backgammon” you will play 24/20, 23/20 very quickly. It is an excellent book and I recommend it to all players, irrespective of their skill level. Barclay Cooke would also have played 24/20, 23/20 way back in the 1970s. He loved nothing better than holding his opponent’s 5-pt
Any other move in this position is too ambitious and is a blunder.
Any other move in this position is too ambitious and is a blunder.
1. Cubeful 2-ply 24/20 23/20 Eq.: +0.149 0.535 0.135 0.004 - 0.465 0.084 0.002 2. Cubeful 2-ply 13/9 6/3* Eq.: +0.039 (-0.111) 0.511 0.160 0.008 - 0.489 0.151 0.008 3. Cubeful 2-ply 23/20 13/9 Eq.: +0.011 (-0.139) 0.510 0.139 0.006 - 0.490 0.147 0.005 4. Cubeful 0-ply 9/5 8/5 Eq.: -0.036 (-0.185) 0.487 0.157 0.007 - 0.513 0.154 0.008 5. Cubeful 0-ply 13/10 13/9 Eq.: -0.047 (-0.196) 0.490 0.148 0.007 - 0.510 0.163 0.009


Discord Elixir v1.1.18 DiscordEx.Client.Utility View Source
Utilty methods to be used for discord clients.
Normalizers, Encoders, and Decoders
Link to this section Summary
Functions
Generic function for updating the value of an agent process
Generic function for getting the value from an agent process
Convert atom to string
Get the atom value of and opcode using an integer value
Build a binary payload for discord communication
Build a json payload for discord communication
Decode json payload received from discord into a map
Link to this section Functions
Generic function for updating the value of an agent process
Generic function for getting the value from an agent process
Convert atom to string
opcode(map(), integer()) :: atom()
opcode(map(), atom()) :: integer()
Get the atom value of and opcode using an integer value
payload_build(number(), map(), number(), String.t()) :: binary()
Build a binary payload for discord communication
payload_build_json(number(), map(), number(), String.t()) :: binary()
Build a json payload for discord communication
payload_decode(list(), {atom(), binary()}) :: map()
payload_decode(list(), {atom(), binary()}) :: map()
Decode json payload received from discord into a map