Module functions and constants¶
The pg
module defines a few functions that allow to connect
to a database and to define “default variables” that override
the environment variables used by PostgreSQL.
These “default variables” were designed to allow you to handle general
connection parameters without heavy code in your programs. You can prompt the
user for a value, put it in the default variable, and forget it, without
having to modify your environment. The support for default variables can be
disabled by setting the -DNO_DEF_VAR
option in the Python setup file.
Methods relative to this are specified by the tag [DV].
All variables are set to None
at module initialization, specifying that
standard environment variables should be used.
connect – Open a PostgreSQL connection¶
-
pg.
connect
([dbname][, host][, port][, opt][, user][, passwd])¶ Open a
pg
connectionParameters: - dbname – name of connected database (None =
defbase
) - host (str or None) – name of the server host (None =
defhost
) - port (int) – port used by the database server (-1 =
defport
) - opt (str or None) – connection options (None =
defopt
) - user (str or None) – PostgreSQL user (None =
defuser
) - passwd (str or None) – password for user (None =
defpasswd
)
Returns: If successful, the
Connection
handling the connectionReturn type: Raises: - TypeError – bad argument type, or too many arguments
- SyntaxError – duplicate argument definition
- pg.InternalError – some error occurred during pg connection definition
- Exception – (all exceptions relative to object allocation)
- dbname – name of connected database (None =
This function opens a connection to a specified database on a given PostgreSQL server. You can use keywords here, as described in the Python tutorial. The names of the keywords are the name of the parameters given in the syntax line. For a precise description of the parameters, please refer to the PostgreSQL user manual.
Example:
import pg
con1 = pg.connect('testdb', 'myhost', 5432, None, None, 'bob', None)
con2 = pg.connect(dbname='testdb', host='localhost', user='bob')
get/set_defhost – default server host [DV]¶
-
pg.
get_defhost
(host)¶ Get the default host
Returns: the current default host specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – too many arguments
This method returns the current default host specification,
or None
if the environment variables should be used.
Environment variables won’t be looked up.
-
pg.
set_defhost
(host)¶ Set the default host
Parameters: host (str or None) – the new default host specification Returns: the previous default host specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – bad argument type, or too many arguments
This methods sets the default host value for new connections.
If None
is supplied as parameter, environment variables will
be used in future connections. It returns the previous setting
for default host.
get/set_defport – default server port [DV]¶
-
pg.
get_defport
()¶ Get the default port
Returns: the current default port specification Return type: int Raises: TypeError – too many arguments
This method returns the current default port specification,
or None
if the environment variables should be used.
Environment variables won’t be looked up.
-
pg.
set_defport
(port)¶ Set the default port
Parameters: port (int) – the new default port Returns: previous default port specification Return type: int or None
This methods sets the default port value for new connections. If -1 is supplied as parameter, environment variables will be used in future connections. It returns the previous setting for default port.
get/set_defopt – default connection options [DV]¶
-
pg.
get_defopt
()¶ Get the default connection options
Returns: the current default options specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – too many arguments
This method returns the current default connection options specification,
or None
if the environment variables should be used. Environment variables
won’t be looked up.
-
pg.
set_defopt
(options)¶ Set the default connection options
Parameters: options (str or None) – the new default connection options Returns: previous default options specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – bad argument type, or too many arguments
This methods sets the default connection options value for new connections.
If None
is supplied as parameter, environment variables will be used in
future connections. It returns the previous setting for default options.
get/set_defbase – default database name [DV]¶
-
pg.
get_defbase
()¶ Get the default database name
Returns: the current default database name specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – too many arguments
This method returns the current default database name specification, or
None
if the environment variables should be used. Environment variables
won’t be looked up.
-
pg.
set_defbase
(base)¶ Set the default database name
Parameters: base (str or None) – the new default base name Returns: the previous default database name specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – bad argument type, or too many arguments
This method sets the default database name value for new connections. If
None
is supplied as parameter, environment variables will be used in
future connections. It returns the previous setting for default host.
get/set_defuser – default database user [DV]¶
-
pg.
get_defuser
()¶ Get the default database user
Returns: the current default database user specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – too many arguments
This method returns the current default database user specification, or
None
if the environment variables should be used. Environment variables
won’t be looked up.
-
pg.
set_defuser
(user)¶ Set the default database user
Parameters: user – the new default database user Returns: the previous default database user specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – bad argument type, or too many arguments
This method sets the default database user name for new connections. If
None
is supplied as parameter, environment variables will be used in
future connections. It returns the previous setting for default host.
get/set_defpasswd – default database password [DV]¶
-
pg.
get_defpasswd
()¶ Get the default database password
Returns: the current default database password specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – too many arguments
This method returns the current default database password specification, or
None
if the environment variables should be used. Environment variables
won’t be looked up.
-
pg.
set_defpasswd
(passwd)¶ Set the default database password
Parameters: passwd – the new default database password Returns: the previous default database password specification Return type: str or None Raises: TypeError – bad argument type, or too many arguments
This method sets the default database password for new connections. If
None
is supplied as parameter, environment variables will be used in
future connections. It returns the previous setting for default host.
escape_string – escape a string for use within SQL¶
-
pg.
escape_string
(string)¶ Escape a string for use within SQL
Parameters: string (str) – the string that is to be escaped Returns: the escaped string Return type: str Raises: TypeError – bad argument type, or too many arguments
This function escapes a string for use within an SQL command.
This is useful when inserting data values as literal constants
in SQL commands. Certain characters (such as quotes and backslashes)
must be escaped to prevent them from being interpreted specially
by the SQL parser. escape_string()
performs this operation.
Note that there is also a Connection
method with the same name
which takes connection properties into account.
Note
It is especially important to do proper escaping when handling strings that were received from an untrustworthy source.
Example:
name = input("Name? ")
phone = con.query("select phone from employees where name='%s'"
% escape_string(name)).getresult()
escape_bytea – escape binary data for use within SQL¶
-
pg.
escape_bytea
(datastring)¶ escape binary data for use within SQL as type
bytea
Parameters: datastring (str) – string containing the binary data that is to be escaped Returns: the escaped string Return type: str Raises: TypeError – bad argument type, or too many arguments
Escapes binary data for use within an SQL command with the type bytea
.
As with escape_string()
, this is only used when inserting data directly
into an SQL command string.
Note that there is also a Connection
method with the same name
which takes connection properties into account.
Example:
picture = open('garfield.gif', 'rb').read()
con.query("update pictures set img='%s' where name='Garfield'"
% escape_bytea(picture))
unescape_bytea – unescape data that has been retrieved as text¶
-
pg.
unescape_bytea
(string)¶ Unescape
bytea
data that has been retrieved as textParameters: datastring (str) – the bytea
data string that has been retrieved as textReturns: byte string containing the binary data Return type: bytes Raises: TypeError – bad argument type, or too many arguments
Converts an escaped string representation of binary data stored as bytea
into the raw byte string representing the binary data – this is the reverse
of escape_bytea()
. Since the Query
results will already
return unescaped byte strings, you normally don’t have to use this method.
Note that there is also a DB
method with the same name
which does exactly the same.
get/set_namedresult – conversion to named tuples¶
-
pg.
get_namedresult
()¶ Get the function that converts to named tuples
This returns the function used by PyGreSQL to construct the result of the
Query.namedresult()
method.
New in version 4.1.
-
pg.
set_namedresult
(func)¶ Set a function that will convert to named tuples
Parameters: func – the function to be used to convert results to named tuples
You can use this if you want to create different kinds of named tuples
returned by the Query.namedresult()
method. If you set this function
to None, then it will become equal to Query.getresult()
.
New in version 4.1.
get/set_decimal – decimal type to be used for numeric values¶
-
pg.
get_decimal
()¶ Get the decimal type to be used for numeric values
Returns: the Python class used for PostgreSQL numeric values Return type: class
This function returns the Python class that is used by PyGreSQL to hold
PostgreSQL numeric values. The default class is decimal.Decimal
if available, otherwise the float
type is used.
-
pg.
set_decimal
(cls)¶ Set a decimal type to be used for numeric values
Parameters: cls (class) – the Python class to be used for PostgreSQL numeric values
This function can be used to specify the Python class that shall
be used by PyGreSQL to hold PostgreSQL numeric values.
The default class is decimal.Decimal
if available,
otherwise the float
type is used.
get/set_decimal_point – decimal mark used for monetary values¶
-
pg.
get_decimal_point
()¶ Get the decimal mark used for monetary values
Returns: string with one character representing the decimal mark Return type: str
This function returns the decimal mark used by PyGreSQL to interpret
PostgreSQL monetary values when converting them to decimal numbers.
The default setting is '.'
as a decimal point. This setting is not
adapted automatically to the locale used by PostGreSQL, but you can use
set_decimal()
to set a different decimal mark manually. A return
value of None
means monetary values are not interpreted as decimal
numbers, but returned as strings including the formatting and currency.
New in version 4.1.1.
-
pg.
set_decimal_point
(string)¶ Specify which decimal mark is used for interpreting monetary values
Parameters: string (str) – string with one character representing the decimal mark
This function can be used to specify the decimal mark used by PyGreSQL
to interpret PostgreSQL monetary values. The default value is ‘.’ as
a decimal point. This value is not adapted automatically to the locale
used by PostGreSQL, so if you are dealing with a database set to a
locale that uses a ','
instead of '.'
as the decimal point,
then you need to call set_decimal(',')
to have PyGreSQL interpret
monetary values correctly. If you don’t want money values to be converted
to decimal numbers, then you can call set_decimal(None)
, which will
cause PyGreSQL to return monetary values as strings including their
formatting and currency.
New in version 4.1.1.
get/set_bool – whether boolean values are returned as bool objects¶
-
pg.
get_bool
()¶ Check whether boolean values are returned as bool objects
Returns: whether or not bool objects will be returned Return type: bool
This function checks whether PyGreSQL returns PostgreSQL boolean
values converted to Python bool objects, or as 'f'
and 't'
strings which are the values used internally by PostgreSQL. By default,
conversion to bool objects is activated, but you can disable this with
the set_bool()
function.
New in version 4.2.
-
pg.
set_bool
(on)¶ Set whether boolean values are returned as bool objects
Parameters: on – whether or not bool objects shall be returned
This function can be used to specify whether PyGreSQL shall return
PostgreSQL boolean values converted to Python bool objects, or as
'f'
and 't'
strings which are the values used internally by
PostgreSQL. By default, conversion to bool objects is activated,
but you can disable this by calling set_bool(True)
.
New in version 4.2.
Changed in version 5.0: Boolean values had been returned as string by default in earlier versions.
get/set_array – whether arrays are returned as list objects¶
-
pg.
get_array
()¶ Check whether arrays are returned as list objects
Returns: whether or not list objects will be returned Return type: bool
This function checks whether PyGreSQL returns PostgreSQL arrays converted
to Python list objects, or simply as text in the internal special output
syntax of PostgreSQL. By default, conversion to list objects is activated,
but you can disable this with the set_array()
function.
New in version 5.0.
-
pg.
set_array
(on)¶ Set whether arrays are returned as list objects
Parameters: on – whether or not list objects shall be returned
This function can be used to specify whether PyGreSQL shall return PostgreSQL
arrays converted to Python list objects, or simply as text in the internal
special output syntax of PostgreSQL. By default, conversion to list objects
is activated, but you can disable this by calling set_array(False)
.
New in version 5.0.
Changed in version 5.0: Arrays had been always returned as text strings only in earlier versions.
get/set_bytea_escaped – whether bytea data is returned escaped¶
-
pg.
get_bytea_escaped
()¶ Check whether bytea values are returned as escaped strings
Returns: whether or not bytea objects will be returned escaped Return type: bool
This function checks whether PyGreSQL returns PostgreSQL bytea
values in
escaped form or in unescaped from as byte strings. By default, bytea values
will be returned unescaped as byte strings, but you can change this with the
set_bytea_escaped()
function.
New in version 5.0.
-
pg.
set_bytea_escaped
(on)¶ Set whether bytea values are returned as escaped strings
Parameters: on – whether or not bytea objects shall be returned escaped
This function can be used to specify whether PyGreSQL shall return
PostgreSQL bytea
values in escaped form or in unescaped from as byte
strings. By default, bytea values will be returned unescaped as byte
strings, but you can change this by calling set_bytea_escaped(True)
.
New in version 5.0.
Changed in version 5.0: Bytea data had been returned in escaped form by default in earlier versions.
get/set_jsondecode – decoding JSON format¶
-
pg.
get_jsondecode
()¶ Get the function that deserializes JSON formatted strings
This returns the function used by PyGreSQL to construct Python objects from JSON formatted strings.
-
pg.
set_jsondecode
(func)¶ Set a function that will deserialize JSON formatted strings
Parameters: func – the function to be used for deserializing JSON strings
You can use this if you do not want to deserialize JSON strings coming
in from the database, or if want to use a different function than the
standard function json.loads()
or if you want to use it with parameters
different from the default ones. If you set this function to None, then
the automatic deserialization of JSON strings will be deactivated.
New in version 5.0.
Changed in version 5.0: JSON data had been always returned as text strings in earlier versions.
get/set_cast_hook – fallback typecast function¶
-
pg.
get_cast_hook
()¶ Get the function that handles all external typecasting
This returns the callback function used by PyGreSQL to provide plug-in Python typecast functions.
-
pg.
set_cast_hook
(func)¶ Set a function that will handle all external typecasting
Parameters: func – the function to be used as a callback
If you set this function to None, then only the typecast functions
implemented in the C extension module are enabled. You normally would
not want to change this. Instead, you can use get_typecast()
and
set_typecast()
to add or change the plug-in Python typecast functions.
New in version 5.0.
get/set_datestyle – assume a fixed date style¶
-
pg.
get_datestyle
()¶ Get the assumed date style for typecasting
This returns the PostgreSQL date style that is silently assumed when
typecasting dates or None if no fixed date style is assumed, in which case
the date style is requested from the database when necessary (this is the
default). Note that this method will not get the date style that is
currently set in the session or in the database. You can get the current
setting with the methods DB.get_parameter()
and
Connection.parameter()
. You can also get the date format corresponding
to the current date style by calling Connection.date_format()
.
New in version 5.0.
-
pg.
set_datestyle
(datestyle)¶ Set a fixed date style that shall be assumed when typecasting
Parameters: datestyle (str) – the date style that shall be assumed, or None if no fixed dat style shall be assumed
PyGreSQL is able to automatically pick up the right date style for typecasting
date values from the database, even if you change it for the current session
with a SET DateStyle
command. This is happens very effectively without
an additional database request being involved. If you still want to have
PyGreSQL always assume a fixed date style instead, then you can set one with
this function. Note that calling this function will not alter the date
style of the database or the current session. You can do that by calling
the method DB.set_parameter()
instead.
New in version 5.0.
get/set_typecast – custom typecasting¶
PyGreSQL uses typecast functions to cast the raw data coming from the database to Python objects suitable for the particular database type. These functions take a single string argument that represents the data to be casted and must return the casted value.
PyGreSQL provides through its C extension module basic typecast functions for the common database types, but if you want to add more typecast functions, you can set these using the following functions.
-
pg.
get_typecast
(typ)¶ Get the global cast function for the given database type
Parameters: typ (str) – PostgreSQL type name Returns: the typecast function for the specified type Return type: function or None
New in version 5.0.
-
pg.
set_typecast
(typ, cast)¶ Set a global typecast function for the given database type(s)
Parameters: - typ (str or int) – PostgreSQL type name or list of type names
- cast – the typecast function to be set for the specified type(s)
The typecast function must take one string object as argument and return a Python object into which the PostgreSQL type shall be casted. If the function takes another parameter named connection, then the current database connection will also be passed to the typecast function. This may sometimes be necessary to look up certain database settings.
New in version 5.0.
Note that database connections cache types and their cast functions using
connection specific DbTypes
objects. You can also get, set and
reset typecast functions on the connection level using the methods
DbTypes.get_typecast()
, DbTypes.set_typecast()
and
DbTypes.reset_typecast()
of the DB.dbtypes
object. This will
not affect other connections or future connections. In order to be sure
a global change is picked up by a running connection, you must reopen it or
call DbTypes.reset_typecast()
on the DB.dbtypes
object.
Also note that the typecasting for all of the basic types happens already in the C extension module. The typecast functions that can be set with the above methods are only called for the types that are not already supported by the C extension module.
cast_array/record – fast parsers for arrays and records¶
PosgreSQL returns arrays and records (composite types) using a special output syntax with several quirks that cannot easily and quickly be parsed in Python. Therefore the C extension module provides two fast parsers that allow quickly turning these text representations into Python objects: Arrays will be converted to Python lists, and records to Python tuples. These fast parsers are used automatically by PyGreSQL in order to return arrays and records from database queries as lists and tuples, so you normally don’t need to call them directly. You may only need them for typecasting arrays of data types that are not supported by default in PostgreSQL.
-
pg.
cast_array
(string[, cast][, delim])¶ Cast a string representing a PostgreSQL array to a Python list
Parameters: - string (str) – the string with the text representation of the array
- cast (callable or None) – a typecast function for the elements of the array
- delim – delimiter character between adjacent elements
Returns: a list representing the PostgreSQL array in Python
Return type: list
Raises: - TypeError – invalid argument types
- ValueError – error in the syntax of the given array
This function takes a string containing the text representation of a
PostgreSQL array (which may look like '{{1,2}{3,4}}'
for a two-dimensional
array), a typecast function cast that is called for every element, and
an optional delimiter character delim (usually a comma), and returns a
Python list representing the array (which may be nested like
[[1, 2], [3, 4]]
in this example). The cast function must take a single
argument which will be the text representation of the element and must output
the corresponding Python object that shall be put into the list. If you don’t
pass a cast function or set it to None, then unprocessed text strings will
be returned as elements of the array. If you don’t pass a delimiter character,
then a comma will be used by default.
New in version 5.0.
-
pg.
cast_record
(string[, cast][, delim])¶ Cast a string representing a PostgreSQL record to a Python list
Parameters: - string (str) – the string with the text representation of the record
- cast (callable, list or tuple of callables, or None) – typecast function(s) for the elements of the record
- delim – delimiter character between adjacent elements
Returns: a tuple representing the PostgreSQL record in Python
Return type: tuple
Raises: - TypeError – invalid argument types
- ValueError – error in the syntax of the given array
This function takes a string containing the text representation of a
PostgreSQL record (which may look like '(1,a,2,b)'
for a record composed
of four fields), a typecast function cast that is called for every element,
or a list or tuple of such functions corresponding to the individual fields
of the record, and an optional delimiter character delim (usually a comma),
and returns a Python tuple representing the record (which may be inhomogeneous
like (1, 'a', 2, 'b')
in this example). The cast function(s) must take a
single argument which will be the text representation of the element and must
output the corresponding Python object that shall be put into the tuple. If
you don’t pass cast function(s) or pass None instead, then unprocessed text
strings will be returned as elements of the tuple. If you don’t pass a
delimiter character, then a comma will be used by default.
New in version 5.0.
Note that besides using parentheses instead of braces, there are other subtle differences in escaping special characters and NULL values between the syntax used for arrays and the one used for composite types, which these functions take into account.
Type helpers¶
The module provides the following type helper functions. You can wrap
parameters with these functions when passing them to DB.query()
or DB.query_formatted()
in order to give PyGreSQL a hint about the
type of the parameters, if it cannot be derived from the context.
-
pg.
Bytea
(bytes)¶ A wrapper for holding a bytea value
New in version 5.0.
-
pg.
HStore
(dict)¶ A wrapper for holding an hstore dictionary
New in version 5.0.
-
pg.
Json
(obj)¶ A wrapper for holding an object serializable to JSON
New in version 5.0.
The following additional type helper is only meaningful when used with
DB.query_formatted()
. It marks a parameter as text that shall be
literally included into the SQL. This is useful for passing table names
for instance.
-
pg.
Literal
(sql)¶ A wrapper for holding a literal SQL string
New in version 5.0.
Module constants¶
Some constants are defined in the module dictionary. They are intended to be used as parameters for methods calls. You should refer to the libpq description in the PostgreSQL user manual for more information about them. These constants are:
-
pg.
version
¶
-
pg.
__version__
¶ constants that give the current version
-
pg.
INV_READ
¶
-
pg.
INV_WRITE
¶ large objects access modes, used by
Connection.locreate()
andLargeObject.open()
-
pg.
SEEK_SET
¶
-
pg.
SEEK_CUR
¶
-
pg.
SEEK_END
¶ positional flags, used by
LargeObject.seek()
-
pg.
TRANS_IDLE
¶
-
pg.
TRANS_ACTIVE
¶
-
pg.
TRANS_INTRANS
¶
-
pg.
TRANS_INERROR
¶
-
pg.
TRANS_UNKNOWN
¶ transaction states, used by
Connection.transaction()


md-icon
is a component that displays an icon, which can be
a font glyph or an SVG image.
MdIconRegistry
is an injectable service that allows you to
associate icon names with SVG URLs and define aliases for CSS font classes.
Its methods are discussed below and listed in the API summary.
Some fonts are designed to show icons by using ligatures,
for example by rendering the text "home" as a home image. To
use a ligature icon, put its text in the content of the md-icon
component,
for example:
<md-icon>home</md-icon>
By default the Material icons font is
used. (You will still need to include the HTML to load the font and its
CSS, as described in the link). You can specify a different font by setting
the fontSet
input to either the CSS class to apply to use the
desired font, or to an alias previously registered with MdIconRegistry.registerFontClassAlias
,
for example:
mdIconRegistry.registerFontClassAlias('myfont', 'my-icon-font-class');
<md-icon fontSet="myfont">help</md-icon>
Fonts can also display icons by defining a CSS class for each icon glyph,
which typically uses a :before selector to cause the icon to appear.
FontAwesomeuses this approach to display its icons. To use such a
font, set the fontSet
input to the font's CSS class (either
the class itself or an alias registered with MdIconRegistry.registerFontClassAlias
),
and set the fontIcon
input to the class for the specific icon
to show. Example:
<md-icon fontSet="fa" fontIcon="fa-square"></md-icon>
For both types of font icons, you can specify the default font class to
use when fontSet
is not explicitly set by calling MdIconRegistry.setDefaultFontSetClass
.
When an md-icon
component displays an SVG icon, it does so
by directly inlining the SVG content into the page as a child of the component.
(Rather than using an
tag or a div background image). This makes it easier to apply CSS styles
to SVG icons. For example, the default color of the SVG content is the
CSS currentColor value.
This makes SVG icons by default have the same color as surrounding text,
and allows you to change the color by setting the "color" style
on the md-icon
element.
SVG icons can be used either by directly specifying the icon's URL,
or by associating an icon name with a URL and then referring to the name.
To use a URL directly, set the svgSrc
input:
<md-icon svgSrc="/assets/sun.svg"></md-icon>
To associate a name with an icon URL, use the addSvgIcon
or addSvgIconInNamespace
methods
of MdIconRegistry
. After registering an icon, it can be displayed
by setting the svgIcon
input. For an icon in the default namespace,
use the name directly. For a non-default namespace, use the format [namespace]:[name]
.
Examples:
mdIconRegistry.addSvgIcon('moon', '/assets/moon.svg');
mdIconRegistry.addSvgIconInNamespace('animals', 'cat', '/assets/cat.svg');
<md-icon svgIcon="moon"></md-icon>
<md-icon svgIcon="animals:cat"></md-icon>
Icon sets allow grouping multiple icons into a single SVG file. The content
of an icon set file looks like this, where each nested <svg>
tag
defines an individual icon, and is identified with a unique "id"
attribute.
<svg>
<defs>
<svg id="mercury">...</svg>
<svg id="venus">...</svg>
<svg id="earth">...</svg>
<svg id="mars">...</svg>
</defs>
</svg>
Icon sets are registered using the addSvgIconSet
or addSvgIconSetInNamespace
methods
of MdIconRegistry
. After an icon set is registered, each of
its embedded icons can be accessed by their "id" attributes.
To display an icon from an icon set, use the svgIcon
input in
the same way as for individually registered icons. Example:
mdIconRegistry.addSvgIconSetInNamespace('planets', '/assets/planets.svg');
<md-icon svgIcon="planets:venus"></md-icon>
Multiple icon sets can be registered in the same namespace. If you request an icon whose id appears in more than one icon set, the icon from the most recently registered set will be used.
Note that all SVG icons are fetched via XmlHttpRequest, and due to the same-origin policy their URLs must be on the same domain as the containing page, or their servers must be configured to allow cross-domain access.
If you set an "aria-label" attribute on the md-icon element, its value will be used as-is. If you do not, the md-icon component will attempt to set the aria-label value from one of these sources:
alt
attributefontIcon
inputsvgIcon
input (not including
any namespace)md-icon Properties:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
svgSrc
|
string | The URL of the SVG icon to display |
svgIcon
|
string | The name (and possibly namespace) of an icon previously registered with MdIconRegistry.addSvgIcon or MdIconRegistry.addSvgIconInNamespace
|
fontSet
|
string | The font to use to display an icon glyph. The value can be either a CSS
class name, or an alias previously defined with MdIconRegistry.registerFontClassAlias
|
fontIcon
|
string | The CSS class that identifies the specific icon to use from an icon font |
MdIconRegistry methods (all methods return this
for chaining):
| Signature | Description |
|---|---|
| addSvgIcon(name: string, url: string): MdIconProvider | Associates an icon name with a URL in the default namespace. When an md-icon component
has its svgIcon input set to this name, the icon will be loaded
from this URL. |
| addSvgIconInNamespace(namespace: string, iconName: string, url: string): MdIconProvider | Associates an icon name with a URL in the specified namespace. |
| addSvgIconSet(url: string): MdIconProvider | Makes the icons contained in the icon set from a URL available in the default namespace. |
| addSvgIconSetInNamespace(namespace: string, url: string): MdIconProvider | Makes the icons contained in the icon set from a URL available in the specified namespace. |
| registerFontClassAlias(alias: string, className: string): MdIconProvider | Associates a font alias with a CSS class. When an md-icon component
has its fontSet input set to the alias, the CSS class will be
added to the component's element. It is assumed that the user has defined
a corresponding CSS rule to set the desired font. |
| setDefaultFontSetClass(className: string): MdIconProvider | Sets the default CSS class to apply to font icons when mdFontSet is not set. |


One of the defining characteristics of La Calera farm, situated in the skirt of the Mombacho Volcano, is the great variety of exotic flowers which are uncommon in other ecological systems in the neotropics. The exuberant vegetation in the area attracts a vast number of birds, insects and mammals, all of which coexist in harmony and natural balance.
Among these insects are a large variety of bees,native and adoptive in Nicaragua. One can find bees such as the castilla and meliponas bees, which produce wild honey with delicate shapes and in simbiotic relationship with the trees in the area.
It is especially incredible to see the mariolas (Tetragonisca Angustula), which are small Nicaraguan bees of 4-5 millimeters in length, floating above the opening of their hives, guarding and protecting their honey.
On one occasion, we noticed great activity amongst the melifera bees on a tree branch. Upon closer inspection, we saw the enormous amound of honey they had accumulated, sparking the idea within our family to share this delicate and delicious nectar with our fellow Nicaraguans.
This is how Mombacho Gold was came to fruition in our farm, La Calera.


Appearance
Has a typical Pokemon appearance. He sometimes wears a green apron when he works around the house.


Before Change
opt_fname = str(fname) + "_opt.json"
weights_fname = str(fname) + ".h5"
opt_path = self.model_path.joinpath(opt_fname)
weights_path = self.model_path.joinpath(weights_fname)
print("[ saving model: {} ]".format(opt_path))
self.model.save_weights(weights_path)
After Change
opt_path = str(self.model_path) + "_opt.json"
weights_path = str(self.model_path) + ".h5"
print("[ saving model: {} ]".format(opt_path))
self.model.save_weights(weights_path)
save_json(self.opt, opt_path)


Using the new event cellattr in colModel we can easy configure data span. Note that with cellattribute we can set any valid attribute in the cell including style one


PPAPI geturl example
The PPAPI geturl example fetches the contents of this page. If you are seeing the contents of this page as part of the test output, then the test passed.


| Class and Description |
|---|
| Chunk
Android asset chunk
|
| ChunkHeader
The basic
Chunk |
| ChunkType
The types definition of
Chunk |
| ChunkVisitor
Represents the chunk visitor
|
| DuplicateAttributeException
This exception is thrown when adding an duplicate attributes is requested
|
| ResourceName
The resource name is consists of three parts:
The package name
The resource type name
The entry name
|
| ResourceTable
Represents the android resource table
|
| ResourceTable.Component |
| ResourceTable.Config
Describes a particular resource configuration.
|
| ResourceTable.Entry
This is the beginning of information about an entry in the resource
table.
|
| ResourceTable.Library
Shared library
|
| ResourceTable.Map
A single name/value mapping that is part of a complex resource entry.
|
| ResourceTable.MapEntry
Extended form of a
ResourceTable.Entry for map entries, defining a parent map
resource from which to inherit values. |
| ResourceTable.Package |
| ResourceTable.PackageGroup |
| ResourceTable.Type
Resource configuration
|
| ResourceTable.TypeSpec
Resource type specification
|
| ResourceTable.ValueEntry |
| ResourceValue
Representation of a value in a resource, supplying type information.
|
| Revision
A
Revision which distinguishes between x and x.0, x.0.0, x.y.0, etc;
it basically keeps track of the precision of the revision string. |
| Revision.Precision |
| Revision.PreviewComparison
Indicates how to compare the preview field in
Revision.compareTo(Revision, PreviewComparison) |
| SimpleVisitor |
| StringPool
Definition for a pool of strings.
|
| StringPool.Span |
| StringPool.Style |
| Symbols
Represents the resource symbols
|
| Symbols.Entry
Represents the entry in symbols
|
| Symbols.Styleable
Represents the styleable entry in symbols
|
| Symbols.Type
Represents the symbol type, e.g.
|
| Xml
Represents Android binary XML resource
|
| Xml.Attribute
Attribute of element
|
| Xml.CharData
CDATA section
|
| Xml.Element
XML element
|
| Xml.Namespace
Namespace section
|
| Xml.Node
Basic XML tree node.
|
| Xml.ResourceMap
Represents a mapping from strings in the string pool back to resource
identifiers
|
Copyright © 2015–2016 SDKLite. All rights reserved.


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/assertion.20violation.20hell.html ---
I'm trying to make an instance of add_comm_group X
and every time I press a key I get an assertion violation and the VS Code window unfocuses. This is with Lean 3.5.1. I'm not sure I can minimise but does anyone have any tips as to why this might be happening?
You're probably triggering some bug in Lean. What does the assertion violation say exactly?
It's the usual line 3174 one:
Task: /home/buzzard/Encfs/Computer_languages/Lean/lean-projects/Wu_group_cohomology_M4R/src/add_subquotient/basic.lean: coe_sort.add_comm_group m_ctx.match(e, *val2) LEAN ASSERTION VIOLATION File: /home/travis/build/leanprover-community/lean/src/frontends/lean/elaborator.cpp Line: 3174
Oh, I wasn't aware that this happened frequently. Could you open an issue here? https://github.com/leanprover-community/lean/issues
It happens a fair amount to me when I am making structures. This seems to reliably trigger it for me:
import ring_theory.algebra open function def quot.lift {R : Type*} [comm_ring R] {A : Type*} [comm_ring A] [algebra R A] {B : Type*} [comm_ring B] [algebra R B] {C : Type*} [comm_ring C] [algebra R C] (f : A →ₐ[R] B) (hf : surjective f) (g : A →ₐ[R] C) (hfg : ∀ a : A, f a = 0 → g a = 0) : B →ₐ[R] C := { to_fun := λ b, _, map_one' := _, map_mul' := _, map_zero' := _, map_add' := _, commutes' := _ }
LEAN ASSERTION VIOLATION File: /home/travis/build/leanprover-community/lean/src/frontends/lean/elaborator.cpp Line: 3174 Task: /home/buzzard/lean-projects/M4P33/scratch/unreachable.lean: quot.lift m_ctx.match(e, *val2)
Does it trigger it for anyone else or is there something wrong with my set-up?
I just tried it, and it also triggered the assertion violation for me.
I just tested your code in a 3.4.2 project and it triggered there as well.
(to give an indication as to how common it is for me, this is an independent problem from last week. I think I sometimes push the elaborator too far when making a structure)
I've had the same violation (and frustration) working with category theory structures, it seemed to happen only when I had _
in some part of a structure I was defining in term mode
Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


public class EmailScheduler
extends java.lang.Object
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
static java.lang.String |
APPLICATION_NAME |
static int |
DEFAULT_EMAIL_START_TIME |
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
EmailScheduler(WiseProperties properties) |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
static long |
calculateInitialWaitPeriodInMillis(long emailStartTime)
Calculates the initial schedule time from hours to milli seconds.
|
static void |
destroyScheduler()
Destroys the email scheduler, called when WISE application is
uninitialized.
|
java.util.Map<java.lang.Long,java.lang.String> |
getEmailSchedulerStatusMap() |
static EmailScheduler |
getInstance() |
static void |
intialize(WiseProperties properties) |
boolean |
sendEmailsInStudySpace(StudySpace ss) |
void |
startEmailSendingThreads()
Fetches all the study spaces in the system and checks for the time when
reminders are to be sent and then runs the method which sends email.
|
public static final java.lang.String APPLICATION_NAME
public static final int DEFAULT_EMAIL_START_TIME
public EmailScheduler(WiseProperties properties)
public void startEmailSendingThreads()
public java.util.Map<java.lang.Long,java.lang.String> getEmailSchedulerStatusMap()
public static long calculateInitialWaitPeriodInMillis(long emailStartTime)
emailStartTime
- Start time in hours.public boolean sendEmailsInStudySpace(StudySpace ss)
public static void destroyScheduler()
public static void intialize(WiseProperties properties)
public static EmailScheduler getInstance()


radproc.wradlib_io.read_RADOLAN_composite¶
-
radproc.wradlib_io.
read_RADOLAN_composite
(fname, missing=-9999, loaddata=True)¶ Read quantitative radar composite format of the German Weather Service
The quantitative composite format of the DWD (German Weather Service) was established in the course of the RADOLAN project and includes several file types, e.g. RW, YW, RY, RX, RZ, and many, many more. (see format description on the RADOLAN project homepage).
Originally, the national RADOLAN composite was a 900 x 900 grid with 1 km resolution and in polar-stereographic projection. But for the reanalysis within the radar climatology project finished in 2017 the national grid was extended to 1100 x 900 cells. There are other grid resolutions for other composites, too (e.g. PC, PG).
This function already evaluates and applies the so-called PR factor which is specified in the header section of the RADOLAN files. The raw values in an RY oder YW file are in the unit 0.01 mm/5min, while read_RADOLAN_composite returns values in mm/5min (i. e. factor 100 higher). The factor is also returned as part of attrs dictionary under keyword “precision”.
- fname : string
- path to the composite file
- missing : int
- value assigned to no-data cells
- loaddata : bool
- True | False, If False function returns (None, attrs)
- output : tuple
tuple of two items (data, attrs):
- data : numpy array of shape (number of rows, number of columns)
- attrs : dictionary of metadata information from the file header


# Copyright (C) 2004-2018 by
# Aric Hagberg<EMAIL_ADDRESS># Dan Schult<EMAIL_ADDRESS># Pieter Swart<EMAIL_ADDRESS># All rights reserved.
# BSD license.
#
# Authors: Aric Hagberg<EMAIL_ADDRESS># Dan Schult<EMAIL_ADDRESS># Ben Edwards<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"""
Utilities for generating random numbers, random sequences, and
random selections.
"""
import random
import sys
import networkx as nx
from networkx.utils import py_random_state
# The same helpers for choosing random sequences from distributions
# uses Python's random module
# https://docs.python.org/2/library/random.html
[docs]@py_random_state(2)
def powerlaw_sequence(n, exponent=2.0, seed=None):
"""
Return sample sequence of length n from a power law distribution.
"""
return [seed.paretovariate(exponent - 1) for i in range(n)]
[docs]@py_random_state(2)
def zipf_rv(alpha, xmin=1, seed=None):
r"""Return a random value chosen from the Zipf distribution.
The return value is an integer drawn from the probability distribution
.. math::
p(x)=\frac{x^{-\alpha}}{\zeta(\alpha, x_{\min})},
where $\zeta(\alpha, x_{\min})$ is the Hurwitz zeta function.
Parameters
----------
alpha : float
Exponent value of the distribution
xmin : int
Minimum value
seed : integer, random_state, or None (default)
Indicator of random number generation state.
See :ref:`Randomness<randomness>`.
Returns
-------
x : int
Random value from Zipf distribution
Raises
------
ValueError:
If xmin < 1 or
If alpha <= 1
Notes
-----
The rejection algorithm generates random values for a the power-law
distribution in uniformly bounded expected time dependent on
parameters. See [1]_ for details on its operation.
Examples
--------
>>> nx.zipf_rv(alpha=2, xmin=3, seed=42) # doctest: +SKIP
References
----------
.. [1] Luc Devroye, Non-Uniform Random Variate Generation,
Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986.
"""
if xmin < 1:
raise ValueError("xmin < 1")
if alpha <= 1:
raise ValueError("a <= 1.0")
a1 = alpha - 1.0
b = 2**a1
while True:
u = 1.0 - seed.random() # u in (0,1]
v = seed.random() # v in [0,1)
x = int(xmin * u**-(1.0 / a1))
t = (1.0 + (1.0 / x))**a1
if v * x * (t - 1.0) / (b - 1.0) <= t / b:
break
return x
[docs]def cumulative_distribution(distribution):
"""Return normalized cumulative distribution from discrete distribution."""
cdf = [0.0]
psum = float(sum(distribution))
for i in range(0, len(distribution)):
cdf.append(cdf[i] + distribution[i] / psum)
return cdf
[docs]@py_random_state(3)
def discrete_sequence(n, distribution=None, cdistribution=None, seed=None):
"""
Return sample sequence of length n from a given discrete distribution
or discrete cumulative distribution.
One of the following must be specified.
distribution = histogram of values, will be normalized
cdistribution = normalized discrete cumulative distribution
"""
import bisect
if cdistribution is not None:
cdf = cdistribution
elif distribution is not None:
cdf = cumulative_distribution(distribution)
else:
raise nx.NetworkXError(
"discrete_sequence: distribution or cdistribution missing")
# get a uniform random number
inputseq = [seed.random() for i in range(n)]
# choose from CDF
seq = [bisect.bisect_left(cdf, s) - 1 for s in inputseq]
return seq
[docs]@py_random_state(2)
def random_weighted_sample(mapping, k, seed=None):
"""Return k items without replacement from a weighted sample.
The input is a dictionary of items with weights as values.
"""
if k > len(mapping):
raise ValueError("sample larger than population")
sample = set()
while len(sample) < k:
sample.add(weighted_choice(mapping, seed))
return list(sample)
[docs]@py_random_state(1)
def weighted_choice(mapping, seed=None):
"""Return a single element from a weighted sample.
The input is a dictionary of items with weights as values.
"""
# use roulette method
rnd = seed.random() * sum(mapping.values())
for k, w in mapping.items():
rnd -= w
if rnd < 0:
return k


API reference¶
Exploration Tools¶
These are functions that assist in understanding the census bureau products.
|
Returns available identifiers for Census Data APIs. |
|
Explains datasets currently available via the census API |
|
Pulls a table of FIPS codes for reference |
Configuration Tools¶
These are functions that allow users to register their US Census Bureau API Key with cenpy
.
|
Save the sitekey so that users can access it via cenpy.SITEKEY. |
Product: American Community Survey¶
A product that integrates the data & geographic APIs for the 5-year 2013-2017 ACSs.
The American Community Survey (5-year vintages) from the Census Bueau |
|
All variables, including columns and search predictates, available from the API |
|
All of the main table codes in the Census API for this product. |
|
All of the crosstab table codes in the Census API for this product. |
|
Grabs columns that match a particular search pattern. |
|
Filter tables by a given pattern. |
|
A helper function to verify the match used by the product API. |
|
Query the Census for the given place. |
|
Query the Census for the given MSA. |
|
Query the Census for the given CSA. |
|
Query the Census for the given county. |
|
Query the Census for the given state. |
Product: Decennial 2010 Census¶
A product that integrates the data & geographic APIs for the 2010 Census.
The 2010 Decennial Census from the Census Bueau |
|
All variables, including columns and search predictates, available from the API |
|
All of the main table codes in the Census API for this product. |
|
All of the crosstab table codes in the Census API for this product. |
|
Grabs columns that match a particular search pattern. |
|
Filter tables by a given pattern. |
|
A helper function to verify the match used by the product API. |
|
Query the Census for the given place. |
|
Query the Census for the given MSA. |
|
Query the Census for the given CSA. |
|
Query the Census for the given county. |
|
Query the Census for the given state. |
Architectural Component: APIConnection¶
The fundamental building block that manages connections to the raw data API, a REST-ful plaintext API.
The fundamental building block for US Census Bureau data API Endpoints |
|
Explain a column or list of columns. |
|
Conduct a query over the USCB api connection |
|
Grabs columns that match a particular search pattern. |
|
Assign a mapservice to the connection instance |
Architectural Component: TigerConnection¶
The fundamental building block that manages connections to the geographic API, the US Census’s ESRI MapService.
The fundamental building block for US Census Bureau’s Geographic, an ESRI MapService |
|
method to query the ESRI API. |
Architectural Component: ESRILayer¶
The fundamental building block that manages connections to individual ESRI Layers within the ESRI MapService
The fundamental building block to access a single Geography/Layer in an ESRI MapService |
|
A query function to extract data out of MapServer layers. |
Architectural Component: APIConnection¶
The fundamental building block that provides an absract base class for subclasses, which are Census Data Products that unite raw data & geographical APIs.
The fundamental building block to make pre-configured Census Products, like ACS or Decennial2010. |
|
All variables, including columns and search predictates, available from the API |
|
All of the main table codes in the Census API for this product. |
|
Grabs columns that match a particular search pattern. |
|
Filter tables by a given pattern. |
|
Query the Census for the given place. |
|
This is an internal method to handle querying the Census API and the GeoAPI using bounding boxes. |
|
A helper function, internal to the product, which pieces together the construction of a bounding box (from environment_from_layer) and the querying of the GeoAPI using that bounding box in (from_bbox) |
|
A helper function to verify the match used by the product API. |


An avid traveler, eternal learner, aspiring developer.
Here's to hoping that within the next year I'll have mastered some of these skills
I can be reached by email, phone, or tweet me!


READING STAGE 6
<__question>
Minimum – Water Gardens
We usually think of gardens as lush, well-planned, well-watered areas with rich loamy soil. This is not always so. There is a growing interest in another type of garden - the ‘dry’ garden. The Japanese have always had their seki tei - sand and stone gardens. These walled gardens are often used for prayer by Buddhist monks. Sand and rocks symbolically arranged are the key elements in these gardens.
Cactus gardens in the more arid regions require little maintenance. The biggest killer is too much love, too much water or too much fertilizer. Cacti (plural of cactus) are succulents with spine cushions called areoles that can bear spines and/or flowers but the plants do not have branches or leaves. A succulent is a juice - or sap-storing plant. Succulents have evolved to grow in harsh conditions. They store water for future use.
The soil of a cacti garden is about one-third sand, one-third ‘dirt’and one-third gravel. Using rocks in these gardens is in keeping with how cacti would look in the dessert where rocks may be common. A cacti garden has to be well drained.
The Royal Botanic Gardens in Cranbourne, Victoria, has developed a series of dry-garden environments to demonstrate not only the diversity of Australian flora but to put Australian plants into cultural context.
Visitors can walk through the Red Sand Garden where the expanse of red sand contrasts with grey foliage. On the northern hill of this garden, mass plantings of Acacia binervia and the Spinifex sericeus are used to stabilise the sandhills. The lower slopes are covered with a carpet of shrubs Kunzea pomifera, producing edible berries used for food by the Aborigines.
A second garden is the Dry River Bed, which relates to the fleeting nature of water within the Australian landscape. and the power of water to shape the land into riverbeds, on a seasonal basis. The central landscape of Australia is characterized by large river systems that can be located beneath the land surface, as part of the artesian water supply. On the surface, the plants respond by growing in the bars of sand that are shaped into curved lines along often-dry riverbeds.
A third garden is the Arid Garden. It has trees used sparingly, yet accurately representing the whole continent. Beneath are the lower species, such as Hedge Salt-bush, Sword-sedge, Fan-flowers, Bluebush, Poverty Bush and many types of daisies. The seasonal flower displays bring colours to this dessert landscape.
Population growth has increased demands on water in times of lower rainfall and dwindling supplies. It is time for gardeners to consider drier gardens rather than gardens dependent upon a high water consumption. A dry garden can be just as attractive and interesting, and more environmentally friendly.
Source : Royal Botanic Gardens Cranbourne, www.rbg.vic.gov.au
<__block>
The
writer is ?
[A] encouraging gardeners to think about gardens that are drought tolerant
[B] advising gardeners in arid regions on what to grow
[C] imploring gardeners to plant more succulent-type plants
[D]asking gardeners to reduce the size of their gardens
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
What would be an important reason for having the cacti
(as shown in the photograph below ) in a raised bed ?
[A] it allows for comfortable maintenance
[B]
it adds to the visual appeal of the garden
[C] it assists in drainage
[D] it prevents the growth of lush weeds
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
According
to the text, which type of garden is often subjected to irregular water
supplies ?
[A] botanic gardens
[B]
cacti gardens
[C] Japanese sand and stone gardens
[D] dry riverbed gardens
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
‘Dry
gardens’ are becoming increasingly relevant, not only because of climate
change, but because of ?
[A] increased population
[B]
households using more water per capita
[C] people making larger gardens
[D] less people living on suburban blocks
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
An important purpose of the Royal Botanic Gardens ( Cranbourne) is to ?
[A] provide visitors with a fun day out
[B]
show people who live in arid areas how to have a garden
[C] convince residents from Cranbourne (Vic.) area to change their gardening
attitudes
[D] display the wide range of Australian plants and their habitats
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
The
‘seki tei’-type of garden is designed to ?
[A] maximise water use
[B]
create a feeling of peace
[C] improve the look of temples
[D] make use of available stones
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
Which of these gardens, mentioned in the passage, could be called a traditional garden ?
[A] the Red Sand Garden
[B]
the Japanese seki tei
[C] the Arid Garden
[D] the Cacti Garden
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
The
Dry River Bed Garden is designed with curved lines to ?
[A] minimise the need for watering
[B] add an attractive feature to the garden
[C]
replicate the shape of inland rivers
[D] take full advantage of any rainfall
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
What is a major problem faced by some cacti owners ?
[A] they require high maintenance
[B]
succulents (or spine cushions) are dangerous
[C] over watering
[D] the under watering
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
Which
type of garden is NOT a minimum-water garden ?
[A] dry river bed gardens
[B] vegetable gardens
[C]
arid gardens
[D] cactus gardens
<__block>
[B]
<__question>
So you want to be an actor?
Many aspiring actors want to be on television or in a film. The truth is, a lot of the work is in commercials and corporate films (company training films) and these actually pay better.
As an actor, I started out as a ‘fifty-worder.’ This means that you may say anything from one to fifty words in the role. This is a step up from being an extra. Later I became a featured extra -which means you get to say a few words and a credit; your name, at the end of the television show. From there you can be given a guest appearance or even become a regular on the show.
There are few Australian actors that make a lifetime's living from acting. A few will make a living for several years from working on a soapie such as Home and Away or Neighbours, etc .Some will work as a major character in a long-running series, for example, Homicide and Underbelly. Others will concentrate on straight theatre (plays) or musical theatre.
Many young actors create their own work; writing plays or television shows, acting in them and producing them. Producing can mean anything from finding the money to put on a play or television show to finding the actors, directors, venues (places to perform) and getting anything required for the production.
In one low-budget film I was in, the producer found a backer (someone who was prepared to risk their money having the film made); wrote the film, directed it; found someone to feed the cast and crew; found assistant directors; make-up people, found locations - including a hospital that was being demolished the very next day; and an explosives expert to set the actors up to be ‘shot’. After shooting the film, he helped edit it (decide which parts to use and throw out) and then market (sell) it.
Paid work for actors is mainly centred on Sydney, Melbourne and the Gold Coast. This means that although there are greater opportunities, there is also more competition. So what does the aspiring professional do to get noticed?
Be professional. Turn up on time; know what you half to do; listen to what you are told; take direction, ie.. try to do what you are told by the director, be polite to everyone - you don't know how much influence they may have, remember that you may be in the centre of attention one day and almost ignored the next - it's the nature of the business; remember that it is business and treat it as such; be friendly to everyone; watch, listen and learn.
I once read that the different between an amateur and a professional is that an amateur learns their lines until they remember them whilst a professional learns them until they can't forget them. Partly true, but re-read the previous paragraph.
From Cygnet, Tasmania
<__block>
The best immediate money
to be made is in commericials and ?
[A] staged musicals
[B] soapies
[C] corporate training films
[D] low-budget films
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
<__block>
Any
person who backs a low-budget film could be described as a ?
[A] film critic
[B]
failed actor
[C] shrewd investor
[D] gambler
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
What is the main disadvantage of looking for active work in major cities (Sydney, Melbourne and the Gold Coast }?
[A] There is more competition these places for the parts
[B] The cost of film production is high
[C] They are removed from where Australian films are recorded
[D] They are mainly the location for 'soapies'
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
To
make a success of acting, John Andrews recommends that actor should ?
[A] concentrate on straight theatre
[B] treat acting as a business
[C] enjoy acting as an interest and a pastime
[D] attend professional acting classes
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
Which
of the following best lists in order the typical career path of many (from
beginner to established actor)?

[A] being prepared to write plays and scripts
[B] helping out with editing films
[C] being polite to the people in the industry
[D] ignoring much of what you are told
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
A
feature low-budget films is ?
[A] their high instant success rate
[B] the number of roles the producer undertakes
[C] the number of parts for aspiring actors
[D] their good box-office returns
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
The general impression of professional acting implied by John Andrews is that it provides a lifestyle that is ?
[A] precarious but interesting
[B] financially rewarding and glamorous
[C] glamorous but poorly paid
[D] difficult and demanding
<__block>
[A]
<__question>
Desert Dweller
A lizard torpedoes the knotted terrain
its toes, webbed finely, splay
divining rock and searing sand.
It has a repertoire, dances with the land
A flamenco first and then the tango.
Sharp agate eyes reflect a flaming sun
And dressed in armour, waxed leather mail,
This jousting knight charges foes
A pre-determined destiny
Its weaponry an arsenal of muscle, sinew, instinct.
© 2007 Sheryl Persson
<__block>
The poet uses the word ‘torpedo’ to describe ?
[A] how strong the lizard is
[B] the size of the lizard
[C] how the lizard moves
[D] the length of the lizard
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
The word 'splay' is closest in meaning to ?
[A] spread apart
[B] curve outwards
[C] supports weight
[D] sway gently
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
The
poet's description of the lizard's eyes as ‘agate eyes reflect a flaming sun’
suggests that the lizard is ?
[A] agile
[B] alert
[C] afraid
[D] able
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
Which of the following words from the poem refers to the lizard's skin ?
[A] knotted
[B] armour
[C] jousting
[D] sinew
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
Which
of the following conclusions can be drawn from the poem ?
[A] The poet is fascinated by the features of the desert landscape
[B] The poet is worried that the lizard is vulnerable to the enemies
[C] The poet wonders how long the lizard can survive the harsh conditions
[D] The poet marvels at how the lizard had adapted to it's environment
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
Which
technique does the poet employ most in the poem to create visual images of
the lizard ?
[A] alliteration
[B] symbolism
[C] personification
[D] simile
<__block>
[C]
<__question>
Shane and his father (an ex policeman) are sleeping in a caravan in the yard of an abandoned school that Shane's father had just bought. Now read on.
Cadaver Dog
When Shane woke up during the night, he vaguely aware that he had been woken up by an alien noise. The dog growling? Someone calling? As his eyes became accustomed to the light he realized there was a faint glow coming in the window. At first he thought it was dawn. But there were no magpies warbling. There was a soft, indistinct crackling sound.
He thought he heard a muffled shout, or a cry.
Sleepily he turned over, it was then he noticed that the glow was not the steady glow of dawn but a flickering glow. It didn't make sense. When he looked out of his window he realized why.
The school was on fire!
The dog barked.
Grotesque shadows danced in the trees.
It took him a moment to react.
"Dad! The school's burning down! he cried out, suddenly fully awake.
He became aware of the roar of the flames as they turned from a bonfire into an inferno. In a moment his father was blundering around the caravan. A light went on. His father was fumbling with his mobile phone and swearing impatiently.
Caddy's barking grew angry, urgent.
From then on the action became a blur.

Leaves in the nearby trees were scorched.
A nagging worry troubled Shane, as he and his father watched the firefighters complete the clean-up operations. Then they all stopped and congregated near a corner of the building.
They found something.
Caddy sat on her haunches near Shane's feet. She was whining nervously.
"Steady, girl," said Shane's father softly.
One fireman left the group and dashed for the truck. Within moments he was on the CB radio talking softly and urgently.
Then Shane suddenly realised why he was feeling uneasy, it wasn't the loss of the school - after all, it was on the ‘get rid of’ list. He gasped at the enormity of his realisation.
A person had died in the fire!
His father was looking at him. "You right?"
"Dad, I think..." For a moment Shane was lost for words. Then he blurted out his fears. With a deep sinking feeling he remembered the cry he had vaguely heard when he first woke up.
Shane's father was silent for a moment. Shane could almost imagine his father's detective mind putting pieces together. Looking for bits that would fit.
Another fireman was talking on a mobile phone.
By Alan Horsfield, Lothian Books (Crime Wave Series), 2000
<__block>
Shane was
aroused from his sleep. What is the most likely reason for this ?
[A] dog growling
[B] a flickering light
[C] magpies warblin
[D] a crackling sound
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
Shane complains
of a ‘nagging worry’. A nagging worry is one that ?
[A] irritates persistently because there is no obvious reason for the
worry
[B] has nothing to do with the present situation
[C] is not as important as it seems
[D] destructive and menacing
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
The speed of the fire was ?
[A] predictable and impressive
[B] expected and frightening
[C] rapid and destructive
[D] destructive and menacing
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
The writer states ‘Grotesque
shadow danced in the trees’. What does he mean by this ?
[A] The shadows created by the fire flickered erratically in a disturbing
way
[B] The bush around the caravan was lit by the flames
[C] The light cause moving shadows in the trees
[D] People close to the fire had to move away quickly
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
Shane's
father swore because ?
[A] he couldn't find his light or his phone
[B] he was being clumsy when he had to respond quickly
[C] he didn't want the school to burn down
[D] his mobile phone wasn't operating
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
What caused Shane to realize someone had died in the fire ?
[A] The fire fighters were making urgent calls
[B] The dog had begun to whine nervously
[C] He remembered hearing a cry
[D] Shane's father was looking for reasons for the cause of the fire
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
What was
Shane’s fathers position in this story ?
[A] security guard
[B] policeman
[C] land owner
[D] his janitor
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
In the below list of events which occurred first ?
[A] the dog barks
[B] Shane’s father finds a light
[C] Shane becomes aware of an alien noise
[D] Shane's father calls the fire brigade
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
Caddy’s
barking grew… ?

[A] nervous
[B] unable to react
[C] stunned by the enormity of the situation
[D] lost for words
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
What was
Shane’s fathers position in this story ?
[A] security guard
[B] policeman
[C] land owner
[D] his janitor
<__block>
[C]
In the below list of events which occurred first ?

When Esmerelda moves in with Charlotte, she's not sure if she's done the right thing. The two don't have much in common. Charlotte takes herself way too seriously and Esmerelda finds her intimidating and aloof.
Charlotte doesn't hit it off with Esmerelda's best friend Ned, either.  He loves bad movies and trashy music. Esmerelda thinks he's great.
When Ned suggests Esmerelda try internet chat rooms, she meets and falls for Jack, an American geek, who is both charming and mysterious, and who seems to like all the things Esmerelda likes. They share secrets, even passion - so much so that Jack decides to fly to Australia so they can meet.
Is love in a chat room the same as love in real life? Can Jack and Esmerelda sort out the teething problems in their relationship? And what of Ned - how will he feel about this intruder?
If you have ever sung along to ‘99 Luftballons’ or ‘Electric Dreams’ or lip-synched with B-grade horror films, then Facetime is for you. If you haven't, you will probably find yourself somewhere in this book anyway. Full of geeks and gnomes, and young people finding their way through life, along with inflatable underwear and loads of other weird stuff, this is a fun read for the 16-plus young person (of any age).
Author Winnie Salamon is a writer and freelance journalist who has written about everything from amputee fetishes to Posh Spice. This is her first novel.
This closet geek hopes it won't be here last.
By Winnie Salamon (aAllen & Unwin, 2002) Cover Desing by…OID Design
Source: www.aussiereviews.com/article1903.html <__block>
<__block>
The
story, Facetime, is mainly aimed at ?
[A] a teenage audience
[B] readers of romance
[C] parents of teenagers
[D] readers interested in technology
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
From the information in
the review, the main theme of the book is ?
[A] using chat room responsibly
[B] coping with people with no taste
[C] surviving living with friends
[D] the search for true love
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
The heavy use of jargon
and slang suggests that the book ?
[A] is of low literary quality
[B] is intended to have movie potential
[C] is well researched
[D] has a shallow plotline
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
The reviewer's
response to the story is ?
[A] enthusiastic and credible
[B] restrained but positive
[C] tentative and improving
[D] glowing but with a warning
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
The cover graphic
suggests that Facetime is actually ?
[A] an adventure program
[B] a successful dating program
[C] a DVD movie
[D] an advertisement for a dance studio
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
The book cover is
pixelated (made up of dots) suggesting it represents a ?
[A] grainy photo
[B] crude animation
[C] computer screen
[D] newspaper reproduction enlargement
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
What is the result of Esmerelda’s chat-room experience ?
[A]Ned decides to leave the flat
[B] Charlotte has an argument with Esmerelda
[C] Ned moves into the flat with Charlotte and Esmerelda
[D]Jack decides to fly from America to meet Esmerelda
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
The last sentence
suggests that the reviewer ?
[A] has a small office
[B] has kept her love of technology secret
[C] is opposed to the use of Facetime
[D] has used Facetime to find romance
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
How does the writer describe Ned , a hard core geek ?
[A]someone who takes himself way too seriously
[B] wears flannies and Linux T-shirts and has no sense of style
[C] likes chat rooms, gnomes and b-grade movies
[D] sings to ‘99 Luftballons’ or ‘Electric Dreams’
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
Who suggested Eserelda
try internet chat rooms ?
 To many of us there seems to be a little difference (except for the bow tie!). For the expert the differences are important.
Types of tie knots
Windsor, Half Windsor, Small knot, Four-in-hand, Prince Albert and Bow tie are the names of the common tie knots,
The
Windsor knot, incorrectly named after the Duke of Windsor, is a wide triangular
knot that is preferred by business executives.
This knot looks smartest worn with a shirt collar that is considerably
cut-away. Most students prefer the Small Knot.
For the best results
1- Drape the tie around your raised collar with the wider end extending about
30 cm below the narrow end; cross it over.
2- Wrap the wide end around and bring it up
over and through the loop between the collar and the tie. Gently pull it
down towards the front.
3- Curl the wide end that is left behind the narrow end.
4- Bring the wide end back up again through the
loop.
5- Put down thorough the loop and pull around across the narrow end as shown.
6- Bring the wide end up and tuck it through the loop a third time, and bring it back down to the front.
7- Finally, pull down on the end carefully to
tighten and draw up the knot snugly into your collar.
8- If both ends don’t meet perfectly, simply start over and adjust the length of the tie accordingly. Make sure your collar sits nicely and centre the knot precisely.
A very common mistake many school students make once they get the first knot done correctly is that they are reluctant to untie the tie at the end of the school day.  Unfortunately, that is the most damaging (and disrespectful) thing to do to a tie.
There is a second end-of-the-day student mistake. It is to simply rip the tie off the moment the student gets out the school gate!
The clip-on tie is one which is permanently tied. It is fixed to the front of the shirt collar ny a metal clip. The clip-on tie was reportedly invented in 1928. Maybe this is the best solution for school students!
Sources : htttp//www.brooksbrothers.com/tieknots/smallnot.tem
http//www.tieanecktie.com/WindsorKnot.php
<__block>
The instructions for
tying a tie using a Windsor knot would be used most often by ?
[A] school students
[B] professional people
[C] descendants of the Duke of Windsor
[D] the British peerage
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
The
instructions suggest that the writer is ?
[A] extremely careful and precise
[B] easily upset and flippant
[C] showy and attention seeking
[D] sophisticated and dismissive
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
Which line best suggests
that the writer despises sloppy tie tiers ?
[A] Make sure your collar sits nicely
[B] The Windsor knot is a wide triangular knot that is preferred for formal
occasions
[C] Maybe this is the best solution for school students
[D] There are a number of ways to tie a tie
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
The writer
implies that the type of tie knot should ?
[A] be changed regularity
[B] vary for particular situations
[C] reflect the type of person one is
[D] be suited to the collar design
<__block>
[D]
<__block>
After
looping the tie the second time, the next step is to ?
[A] adjust the length of the narrow end
[B] pull the wide end across the narrow end
[C] Open the loop to let the narrow end slip through
[D] tighten this section of the knot before proceeding
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
Most
of the action in tying a tie is ?
[A] based on the manipulation of the wide end
[B] adjusting one end, then the other end
[C] keeping all loop tight as the knotting progresses
[D] making sure the narrow end is shorter than the wide end
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
Based on his knowledge and attitude towards school children, the writer suggests ?
[A] they shouldn't have to wear ties
[B] removing the school tie by looping it over the head
[C] it would be better if they had clip-on ties
[D] using a Windsor knot rather than a Small knot
<__block>
[C]
<__question>
Euthanasia – what do you think?
You don't get topics hotter than this one and the Advocate letters page is the place where you can express your opinion on such issues.
Some people believe euthanasia is one of those slippery slopes just too steep to consider.
Where do you draw the line? How can you be sure that the person is of ‘sound mind’? And so the questions go.
Churches have traditionally been against it, saying life is a precious gift and must be preserved.
Others, like the vocal advocate, Dr Phillip Nitschke, believe people should be able to die with dignity when they are ready.
Great Lakes resident Lesley Archer is also of that opinion, "A peaceful death is everyone's right," she said.
She will convene a public meeting on the issue next Wednesday at 10:30 am at the Coastal Patrol Headquarters, Forster Breakwater.
If there is enough interest at the meeting, Dr Nitschke himself has said he will visit Forster to conduct a workshop sometime later in the year.
There is no doubt he is dicing with the law but he's no stranger to that.
So what do you think?
Why not write us a letter to share your views? This page is for you.
Janine Watson
From The Great lakes Advocate, 14/05/08
<__block>
According to the
editorial, the paper is ?
[A] supporting euthanasia
[B] supporting euthanasia in special circumstances
[C] encouraging debate on the issue of euthanasia
[D] opposed to euthanasia
<__block>
[C]
<__block>
What argument does the
paper put forward against euthanasia ?
[A] it is a much too difficult subject to consider
[B] No-one can be sure a person accepting euthanasia is of ‘sound mind’
[C] The churches are opposed to euthanasia
[D] Dr. Phillip Nitschke has a criminal record
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
The editor says that Dr. Phillip Nitchke is ‘dicing with the law’.
By
this, she is implying Dr. Nitschke is ?
[A] challenging the law on euthanasia issues
[B] treating the matter as a game of life and death
[C] taking a gamble on not getting caught
[D] breaking the law by attending the meeting
<__block>
[A]
<__block>
The editor describes
euthanasia as a ‘hot topic. By this, she means ?
[A] the paper will get a lot of letters of complaint
[B] euthanasia is a topic that creates heated public debate
[C] the press at the newspaper will run hot printing letters
[D] many people will change their opinions about the subject after the
meeting
<__block>
[B]
<__block>
What argument is implied in the editorial for attending the euthanasia meeting? By attending the meeting people will ?
[A] be able to show their support for Dr. Phillip Nitschke
[B] write informed letters to the Great Lakes Advocate
[C] learn how to have a peaceful death, as istheir right
[D] be better informed on the euthanasia issue
<__block>
[D]


{# weatherapp/admin/settings.html #} {% extends 'adminplus/base.html' %}
Current values in brackets.
Units which are used to output the data to the site:
Units which the data is inputted into the site:
MongoDB connection string
MongoDB key values
Duration of values displayed on the weather dashboard. All values are interpreted in minutes
Boolean Values for active sensors
Miscellaneous settings for the weather dashboard
Django Secret key:
Wind direction quick look format:


What is the Internet?
A bunch of HTML documents connected via links being read by computer web browsers.
What are the major elements of the web?
You, your computer and its browser, the Internet, HTTP protocol language and Servers.
What is HTML?
HyperTest Markup Language.
Text is what you see.
Markup: changes the look of what you see.
How does HTML Markup work?
It uses tags to give instructions to the computer.< >
What types of tags are there?
There are inline and block tags.
Examples of inline tags include: Anchor, EMphasis, BReak, SPAN, STRONG, IMaGe.
Examples of block tags include: Paragraph, Div and FORM.
Most tags have an opening and closing tag. But some tags don't have a closing tag. They are referred to as void tags.
What is an element?
Everything within a set of opening and closing tags.
What is an attribute?
It's a property of an HTML element.
Why do people say computers are stupid?
Because the programmer has to tell the computer exactly what to do....for everything.
Do programmers have to remember all of the tags and coding instructions?
No, there is to much. Just know where to go look for the information.


--- layout: post title: ! 'Searching Source Code: LXR and grep' date: 2009-11-02 01:07:02.000000000 +02:00 categories: - Technical tags: - code - grep - linux - lxr - mxr - search - source status: publish type: post published: true meta: _edit_last: '10173910' _wpas_done_twitter: '1' _oembed_619301f5bf511cee4c46d178c562c727: ! '{{unknown}}' author: login: saherneklawy email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: saherneklawy first_name: '' last_name: '' excerpt: !ruby/object:Hpricot::Doc options: {} ---
Looking for a certain functionality in someone else's code could prove to be a tough challenge. This is increased by the size of the given project. Many systems exist today facilitating easy search in a project. For Java, eclipse is best used for that task, as it contains a strong in java class indexing, classification, and searching.
Some projects provide for you a portal to search their code base. Famous examples of these are LXR for the Linux kernel, and it's customized version MXR used for Mozilla projects.
When all the above options are not available, the alternative exists natively in most linux systems. This is namely "grep". Grep is a strong command for regular expression matching. On if it's features is that it can also match to the content within files. Putting that in mind, the following command could be very useful:
grep -R "search query" .
This looks recursively for all mentions of search query
in all files under the current directory. This prints output in the console the file name where this query was found, and the line that included it.
To be able to store this search result in a file, the output could be piped as follows:
grep -R "search query" . > log.txt


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Pat's Salmon Cookies Menu
What better way to get your essential fish oils than from a Pat's Salmon Cookie?
(The health benefits of fish oil have not been determined by the FDA. There is no proof that fish oil survives the baking process.)
Our selections
All items MSG free
Decorated Salmon Cookie |
|
|
|
| The cookie that made Pat famous! Some fish swim under the ice, this one swims under the icing. |
Fish and (Chocolate) Chips |
|
|
|
| A traditional favorite, but with fish. |
Caviar (Fish cookie with gumdrop) |
|
|
|
| Why should chocolate chips have all the fun? Enjoy the added texture of a gumdrop. |
Bearclaw |
|
|
|
| What goes better with a swiped fish than a bearclaw? |
Salmon Jerky |
|
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| Okay, this isn't a cookie, but it will satisfy that protean craving. |
Green River Soda |
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| Wash down those cookies with a stream the fish want to swim up. |
White River Espresso |
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| The river of caffeine goodness for your fish to migrate in. |
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Contact Information:
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|
MatrixEngine
|
Solid Object with a start end point. More...
#include <object.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| obstacle (int start_x, int start_y) | |
| Constructor of obstacle with only 1 position. More... | |
| obstacle (int start_x, int start_y, bool passable) | |
| Constructor of obstacle with only 1 position and if it's solid. More... | |
| obstacle (int start_x, int start_y, int end_x, int end_y) | |
| Constructor of obstacle with 2 positions. More... | |
| obstacle (int start_x, int start_y, int end_x, int end_y, bool passable) | |
| Constructor of obstacle with 2 positions and if it's solid. More... | |
| void | set_pos (int p_start_x, int p_start_y, int p_end_x, int p_end_y) |
| sets position of obstacle More... | |
| int | get_start_x () |
| Returns start x details This function returns the start x value. | |
| int | get_start_y () |
| Returns start x details This function returns the start x value. | |
| int | get_end_x () |
| Returns end x details This function returns the end x value. | |
| int | get_end_y () |
| Returns end x details This function returns the end x value. | |
| char | get_icon () |
| Returns icon details This function returns the icon. | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from object | |
| object (const int &start_x, const int &start_y) | |
| virtual int | get_x () |
| returns x More... | |
| virtual int | get_y () |
| returns y More... | |
| virtual void | set_x (int u_x) |
| sets x More... | |
| virtual void | set_y (int u_y) |
| sets y More... | |
| void | set_pos (int x, int y) |
| Set position to given coordinates. More... | |
| void | move_up () |
| Subtracts one from x. More... | |
| void | move_down () |
| Adds Sone from x. More... | |
| void | move_left () |
| Subtracts one from y. More... | |
| void | move_right () |
| Adds one from y. More... | |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Protected Attributes inherited from object | |
| xy | posXY |
| position of object More... | |
Solid Object with a start end point.
This class of an solid object with a start and end position. Normal entities cannot move through an obstacle.
|
inline |
Constructor of obstacle with only 1 position.
This constructor constructs obstacle with only 1 position
|
inline |
Constructor of obstacle with only 1 position and if it's solid.
This constructor constructs obstacle with only 1 position and if it's solid
|
inline |
Constructor of obstacle with 2 positions.
This constructor constructs obstacle with 2 positions
|
inline |
Constructor of obstacle with 2 positions and if it's solid.
This constructor constructs obstacle with 2 position and if it's solid
|
inline |
sets position of obstacle
This function sets the 2 postions of an obstacle


Zomnifer is an Electron-based, lightweight utility that can help you schedule your computer to either shutdown, sleep, restart or display a text message when the timer ends.


Hi, I'm Stephanie!
I am an undergraduate student at the University of Minnesota studying Management Information Systems and Marketing.
I am passionate about communicating technical solutions to challenging problems in a way that key stakeholders can understand and act upon.
My core values are Loyalty, Collaboration, Authenticity, and Service.
My core mission is to be a lead identifier of growth opportunities in the service industry.
IT Solutions Portfolio
Preliminary Round
The Audience
The Board of Directors for Dress for Success Vancouver.
The Challenge
Help Dress For Success Vancouver reach 1,000 women and raise $1,000,000 within 3 years.
My Key Contribution
Innovative design for reaching more women outside of the Metropolitan areas by using methods of direct to consumer marketing.
My Lesson Learned
Narrowly defining a project scope can result in a large missed opportunity. In this case, we needed to spend more time developing funding for the IT part of our solution.
Our team begins at 2:43:27
Preliminary Round
The Audience
C-Suite for Forth Smart.
The Challenge
How should Bee Wallet be differentiated in order to create a sticky e-wallet with one million users and a 50% active users in two years, using a profit-driven revenue model that maintains partnerships and transactional services currently offered?
My Key Contribution
Deep understanding of current competition in e-wallet security functionalities, Thai shopping patterns, and personal financial security beliefs.
My Lesson Learned
Sometimes, clients prefer strategic marketing campaigns over changing their product. A good solution needs to understand where clients are willing to invest their dollars.
The Audience
IT Directors at Travelers Insurance.
The Challenge
How can we empower our customers to recover from a catastrophe?
My Key Contribution
Identifying an opportunity to expand natural disaster relief to include mental health resources.
My Lesson Learned
Stakeholder audience is the most important aspect to presenting. Although the C-suite loved our growth mindset, our key stakeholders (IT directors) wanted to focus on improving Cat Van bandwidth.
The Audience
Do Day Dream, LLC. C-Suite and C-Suite representatives from a variety of international consulting firms.
The Challenge
DIFFERENTiate Do Day Dream, LLC.’s value proposition, DYNAMICally leverage asset agility, and DEVELOP a sustainable business model that honors its Thai roots.
My Key Contribution
A deep understanding of Thai woman’s cosmetic usage throughout her life and room for growth outside of the current target market.
My Lesson Learned
A good solution needs to align with the values of the client. A safe solution for a risk-taking client will not be successful.
No video available
The Audience
Target Merchandisers and category Management Professionals.
The Challenge
How can we empower our customers to raise children in a gender-bias free world?
My Key Contribution
A thorough risk analysis of being a first mover in the space, and how to best manage these risks.
My Lesson Learned
Branding a solution well can be the difference between first and second place.
No video available
The Audience
IT Directors for the University of Minnesota.
The Challenge
Create a roadmap to support the Internet of Things for the University of Minnesota.
My Key Contribution
How to best develop the IoT skills needed within the organization, how to manage the IoT teams, and how to conduct change management during the IT implementation.
My Lesson Learned
The best way to build rapport with a client is to know your stuff and know their company culture. The client selected us to move forward because we understood their needs and culture better than any other group.
No video available
The Audience
Twin Cities Business Leaders.
The Challenge
Sabina’s growth has stagnated in the face of rising external pressures such as increased competition from low-cost producers and higher manufacturing costs. How can they best grow their business?
My Key Contribution
An innovative CSR initiative to bring economic development to areas of rural Thailand while decreasing obsolete inventory.
My Lesson Learned
A good solution is just one half of winning over a client. A great presentation is the other half.
Reflection video
The Audience
Learning Abroad Center for the University of Minnesota.
The Challenge
Reflect on my study abroad trip which focused on the growth of IT companies in Dublin.


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Ocean [ax55], ocean, in The Inner Sea
Last updated Turn #136
Ocean [ax55], ocean, in The Inner Sea
------------------------------------------------------------------------
25: Pleasure Sloop [v5n], ship, 30 hulls, 1 rowing port, 90 sails, arrived
25: from Ocean [ay55], owner:
25: Dorothy [v1b], Pen, with one worker, 94 sailors
25: Apollo [b5e], Imperial Empire, with 11 workers, 63 lt. xbowmen,
25: accompanied by:
25: Lutra [a4w], Imperial Empire, with 13 paladins, 40 pikemen
25: Hera [g3f], Imperial Empire, with 12 soldiers, 48 pikemen
25: Thor [r4g], Imperial Empire, with 49 pikemen
25: Eos [a2t], Imperial Empire, with ten workers, 48 lt. xbowmen
25: Khaki Blazer [w4j], Imperial Empire, with 17 soldiers,
25: seven pikemen, 35 lt. foot
25: Banian [e7n], Imperial Empire, duke, the High Priest of the
25: Church of Eres [151], with five soldiers, ten angels
26: Pleasure Sloop [v5n], ship, 30 hulls, 1 rowing port, 90 sails,
26: departed for Ocean [ax54].
30: The fog has cleared.
Routes leaving Ocean:
North, to Ocean [aw55], 6 days
East, to Ocean [ax56], 6 days
South, to Ocean [ay55], 6 days
West, to Ocean [ax54], 6 days
Inner locations:
Island [ab1s], island, 1 day


GONABREED AND ESTROPLAN SYNCHRONIZATION PACK- gonadorelin acetate, cloprostenol sodium
Parnell Technologies Pty Ltd
GONAbreed (gonadorelin acetate) + estroPLAN (cloprostenol sodium)
GONAbreed (gonadorelin acetate)
Equivalent to 100 mcg gonadoreiln/mL
estroPLAN (cloprostenol sodium)
Equivalent to 250 mcg cloprostenol/mL
CAUTION: Federal (U.S.A.) law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.
Indications for Use: GONAbreed is indicated for use with cloprostenol sodium to synchronize estrous cycles to allow for fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) in lactating dairy cows and beef cows.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: See individual package inserts for complete indication and dosage information.
Not all indications listed on the individual package inserts require the use of both GONAbreed and estroPLAN.
GONAbreed is indicated for use with cloprostenol sodium to synchronize estrous cycles to allow for fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) in lactating dairy cows and beef cows.
The recommended intramuscular dosage of GONAbreed is 100 mcg (1 mL) per cow, used in reproductive synchrony programs similar to the following:
See inside of carton flap for examples of more specific dosing regimens.
PRECAUTIONS: FOR ANIMAL USE ONLY.
NOT FOR HUMAN USE.
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.
Women of child-bearing age, asthmatics, and persons with bronchial and other respiratory problems should exercise extreme caution when handling this product. In the early stages women may be unaware of their pregnancies.
estroPLAN® is readily absorbed through the skin and may cause abortion and/or bronchospasms: direct contact with the skin should therefore be avoided. Accidental spillage on the skin should be washed off immediately with soap and water.
Each mL of GONAbreed contains: 100 mcg gonadorelin as gonadorelin acetate, 10 mg benzyl alcohol, 7.47 mg sodium chloride, 8.3 mg sodium phosphate monobasic, 4.8 mg sodium phosphate dibasic, and water for injection, USP, q.s. pH adjusted with hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide.
Each mL of estroPLAN contains cloprostenol sodium (equivalent to 250 mcg of cloprostenol) 263 mcg, chlorocresol 1.0 mg, citric acid anhydrous 0.66 mg, sodium citrate 5.03 mg, sodium chloride 6.76 mg. pH adjusted with sodium hydroxide or citric acid.
NET CONTENTS:
80 Cow Pack -
Manufactured by: PARNELL TECHNOLOGIES PTY. LTD.
4/476 Gardeners Road
Alexandria NSW 2015 Australia
Owner of the trademark GONAbreed and estroPLAN
Distributed by: PARNELL U.S. 1, Inc.
9401 Indian Creek Parkway, Suite 1170
Overland Park, KS 66210
ANADA 200-541, Approved by FDA
PARNELL
living SCIENCE
GONAbreed (gonadorelin acetate) + estroPLAN (cloprostenol sodium)
SYNCHRONIZATION PACK 80 Cow
GONAbreed (gonadorelin acetate)
Equivalent to 100 mcg gonadoreiln/mL
8 vials of 20 mL
estroPLAN (cloprostenol sodium)
Equivalent to 250 mcg cloprostenol/mL
8 vials of 20 mL
CAUTION: Federal (U.S.A.) law restricts this drug to use by, or on the order of, a licensed veterinarian.
Indications for Use: GONAbreed is indicated for use with cloprostenol sodium to synchronize estrous cycles to allow for fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) in lactating dairy cows and beef cows.
PARNELL
living SCIENCE
|
GONABREED AND ESTROPLAN SYNCHRONIZATION PACK
gonadorelin acetate, cloprostenol sodium kit | |||||||||||||||
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| Labeler - Parnell Technologies Pty Ltd (742511504) |
| Registrant - Parnell Technologies Pty Ltd (742511504) |


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| 004:043 Khan | : |
O you who believe! Approach not As-Salat (the prayer) when you are in a drunken state until you know (the meaning) of what you utter, nor when you are in a state of Janaba, (i.e. in a state of sexual impurity and have not yet taken a bath) except when travelling on the road (without enough water, or just passing through a mosque), till you wash your whole body.    Surely Allah is ever Pardoning, Forgiving. |
| 004:043 Pickthal | : |
O ye who believe! Draw not near unto prayer when ye are drunken, till ye know that which ye utter, nor when ye are polluted, save when journeying upon the road, till ye have bathed. And if ye be ill, or on a journey, or one of you cometh from the closet, or ye have touched women, and ye find not water, then go to high clean soil and rub your faces and your hands (therewith). Lo! Allah is Benign, Forgiving. |
| 004:043 Rashad | : |
O you who believe, do not observe the Contact Prayers (Salat) while intoxicated, so that you know what you are saying. Nor after sexual orgasm without bathing, unless you are on the road, traveling; if you are ill or traveling, or you had urinary or fecal-related excretion (such as gas), or contacted the women (sexually), and you cannot find water, you shall observe Tayammum (dry ablution) by touching clean dry soil, then wiping your faces and hands therewith. GOD is Pardoner, Forgiver. |
| 004:043 Sarwar | : |
Believers, do not pray when you are drunk, but, instead, wait until you can understand what you say. Also, do not pray when you have experienced a seminal discharge until after you have taken a bath, unless you are on a journey. If, while sick or on a journey, you can find no water after having defecated or after having had carnal relations, perform tayammum by touching your palms on the pure earth and wipe the (upper part of) your face and the backs of your hands. God is Gracious and All-forgiving. |
| 004:043 Shakir | : |
O you who believe! do not go near prayer when you are Intoxicated until you know (well) what you say, nor when you are under an obligation to perform a bath-- unless (you are) travelling on the road-- until you have washed yourselves; and if you are sick, or on a journey, or one of you come from the privy or you have touched the women, and you cannot find water, betake yourselves to pure earth, then wipe your faces and your hands; surely Allah is Pardoning, Forgiving. |
| 004:043 Sherali | : |
O ye who believe ! go not near Prayer when you are not in full possession of your senses, until you know what you are saying, nor when you are unclean, except when you are traveling along a way, until you have bathed.  Surely ALLAH is the Effacer of sins, Forgiving, |
| 004:043 Yusufali | : |
O ye who believe! Approach not prayers with a mind befogged, until ye can understand all that ye say,- nor in a state of ceremonial impurity (Except when travelling on the road), until after washing your whole body. If ye are ill, or on a journey, or one of you cometh from offices of nature, or ye have been in contact with women, and ye find no water, then take for yourselves clean sand or earth, and rub therewith your faces and hands. For Allah doth blot out sins and forgive again and again. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > توحيد الله تعالي > صفات الله تعالى > العفوّ Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Oneness of Allah> His Glory's Characteristics> The Ever Oft-Pardoning أركان الإسلام > الصلاة > أداء الصلاة > الحض عليها Pillars of Islam> The Prayers>Performing the Prayers> The Incitement to Pray أركان الإسلام > الصلاة > الطهارة > التيمم Pillars of Islam> The Prayers>Chastity> Tayammum أركان الإسلام > الصلاة > الطهارة > الغسل Pillars of Islam> The Prayers>Chastity> Wash أركان الإسلام > الصلاة > الطهارة > الوضوء Pillars of Islam> The Prayers>Chastity> Ablution العلاقات القضائية > أحكام قانونية > العفو > الترخيص Judicial Relationships>Legal Rules>Forgiveness>Allowance
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.