Fusion Labs in partnership with the NSW Government is looking for NSW technology startups and scaleups that want to grow their business in the Indian market.
Apply NowIndia is one of the world’s most dynamic, fast paced and quickly-developing technology markets.
It is also one of the most important trading partners for NSW.
Through our Access India program we will provide NSW-based entrepreneurs a pathway to accessing and unlocking the potential the Indian market has to offer.
We are looking for high growth NSW Startups and Scaleups who want to enter the Indian market.
Technology that impacts the agricultural value chain
Technology that impacts energy production, transmission, distribution and/or demand side energy efficiency
Any technology that creates measurable social / environmental impact
We will also accept a limited number of applications from other emerging sectors:
Food and Water
Education
Health
Safety
Travel
Media and Entertainment
Over the course of 12-months we will support you to understand the India market, make connections, test your product and launch into the Indian market.
Applications Open
4 September 2018
Applications Close
28 September 2018
Shortlist Interviews
11 October 2018
Program Starts
8 November 2018
India Trip 1
25 November to 4 December 2018
Program Break
December 2018 to January 2019
Program Recommences
February 2019
Trip 2
April 2019
Trip 3
July 2019
Trip 4
September 2019
Showcase Event
September 2019
Why is the NSW Government doing this?
India is one of the world’s most dynamic, fast paced and quickly-developing technology markets. As one of the most important trading partners for NSW, the Government wants to increase its engagement with India, with a particular emphasis on the tech industry.
Who is Fusion Labs?
Fusion Labs is one of Australia’s leading innovation consultancies. We work with both the Government and Australia’s largest companies to drive innovation.
Do you take equity?
No, Fusion Labs will not take equity in exchange for the support provided. We are contracted by the Government of NSW to provide this program as a service.
More FAQsHave any questions? Send us an email and we will get back to you as soon as possible!


Li-yan and her family align their lives around the seasons and the farming of tea. There is ritual and routine, and it has been ever thus for generations. Then one day a jeep appears at the village gate—the first automobile any of them have seen—and a stranger arrives.
In this remote Yunnan village, the stranger finds the rare tea he has been seeking and a reticent Akha people. In her biggest seller, Snow Flower and the Secret Fan, See introduced the Yao people to her readers. Here she shares the customs of another Chinese ethnic minority, the Akha, whose world will soon change.  When she has a baby outside of wedlock, rather than stand by tradition, she wraps her daughter in a blanket, with a tea cake hidden in her swaddling, and abandons her in the nearest city.
After mother and daughter have gone their separate ways, Li-yan slowly emerges from the security and insularity of her village to encounter modern life while Haley grows up a privileged and well-loved California girl. Despite Haley’s happy home life, she wonders about her origins; and Li-yan longs for her lost daughter. They both search for and find answers in the tea that has shaped their family’s destiny for generation.
This is where Dani's glowing recommendation would go
This is where Sarah's glowing recommendation would go


Awarded?


Welcome To Car Service
Everything you need to build an amazing dealership website.
It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use..

-
GTA 5 Lowriders DLC
- 2017
- Manual
- 210 hp
Lorem ipsum dolor consectetur adipiscing Fusce varius feugiat...
$44,768 $33,698 -
GTA 5 Lowriders DLC
- 2017
- Manual
- 210 hp
Lorem ipsum dolor consectetur adipiscing Fusce varius feugiat...
$44,768 $33,698 -
GTA 5 Lowriders DLC
- 2017
- Manual
- 210 hp
Lorem ipsum dolor consectetur adipiscing Fusce varius feugiat...
$44,768 $33,698 -
GTA 5 Lowriders DLC
- 2017
- Manual
- 210 hp
Lorem ipsum dolor consectetur adipiscing Fusce varius feugiat...
$44,768 $33,698 -
GTA 5 Lowriders DLC
- 2017
- Manual
- 210 hp
Lorem ipsum dolor consectetur adipiscing Fusce varius feugiat...
$44,768 $33,698 -
GTA 5 Lowriders DLC
- 2017
- Manual
- 210 hp
Lorem ipsum dolor consectetur adipiscing Fusce varius feugiat...
$44,768 $33,698


Normally, I wouldn't open up a conversation such as this with a dictionary quote, but it the case of Rails I will. "Rails is a web application development framework written in the Ruby language. It is designed to make programming web applications easier by making assumptions about what every developer needs to get started." As a newcomer to almost all things programming this definition, taken from rubyonrails.org, really did not clarify anything for me. So I decided to install rails and do some tutorials, and walk you through the process!
First, I installed rails. Pretty simple. Just a little "gem install rails" action. Received an error about permissions but set my rbenv global, and success. I checked to see what version of rails I had installed and moved on to the tutorial.
Some more quote love for you: "Rails comes with a number of scripts called generators that are designed to make your development life easier by creating everything that's necessary to start working on a particular task." Following the example on rubyonrails.org, I typed "rails new blog" in to the command line, and saw a bunch of fun stuff being installed in this new blog directory. Names like activerecord, and jquery, and sqlite3 flashed on the terminal.  I was feeling like I was getting somewhere.
I could write down every single that happened next, but then I would just be copying information that already exists in a more concise, and much better presented way so I won't. That would be very DRY of me. But I will say that I did things such as create a controller and a view; I changed routes and saw "Hello Rails!" displayed on my screen, and much much more!
In conclusion, I think I get it. Rails is simply a collection of scripts, databases, and other code brought together in one place for easy loading and accessing whenever a developer wants to create a new web application. It keeps the developer from writing code that has already been written, and makes interacting across languages an platforms as easy as typing in a keyword. It creates servers to test the application. It does things I don't even know about yet. It's awesome. And I can't wait to learn more.


Southern Tepehuan/Durango Unicode keyboard in modified roman or phonetic script. Use this keyboard with fonts such as Doulos SIL. This keyboard includes the Unicode code points for glottal stops U+A78B and U+A78C.
© 2008-2020 SIL Mexico


Control buttons for pagination.
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Members
(static) clickedNext
Emit an event to the parent, which in this case will load the next page of results.
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Lëtz Cybersecurity Challenge 2020
3rd and 4th April 2020
This competition targets open-minded creative digital natives. Our aim is not only to find talents but encourage young people to pursue a career in cybersecurity and related disciplines.
With over 20 unique challenges on the day, we have tasks and activities to keep participants entertained. Participants have to solve security related tasks from domains such as web security, network
security, wireless and IoT security, cryptography, exploitation, reverse engineering, forensics, puzzles, trivia and much more.
So if you enjoy solving challenges, coding, security, IT or just having fun then Lëtz Cybersecurity Challenge is for you.
Furthermore, through CSCL, we promote safe online behaviors by raising awareness on information security issues as well as develop expertise and interest in cybersecurity through challenging games and skill tests.
Actually NO. Some challenges will clearly require IT skills. But we believe that IT security can only be tackled by employing complementary skills.
You can win tickets for hack.lu 2020!
first day
second day
Stay tuned for details…


Analyses strtr(...) usage and reports when it behaves like str_replace(...). str_replace(...) is preferred for readability and clarity purposes.


This is an example of a dialogue where a user is looking for a cheap chinese restaurant. Later, the user changes its mind and wants an expensive restaurant. At the end of the dialogue, the user asks about the address and the phone number.
| Speaker | Text |
|---|---|
| System | Thank you for calling the Cambridge Information system. Your call will be recorded for research purposes. You may ask for information about a place to eat, a place to drink, somewhere to stay, or any place you would like to see. How may I help you? |
| User | HI I'M LOOKING FOR A CHEAP CHINESE RESTAURANT |
| System | There is no place to eat serving chinese food in the cheap price range. |
| User | I WANT SOMETHING MODERATE |
| System | Blue Spice is a wonderful restaurant in the moderate price range. |
| User | IS IT A CHINESE RESTAURANT |
| System | No. Blue Spice is a wonderful restaurant and it serves indian food. |
| User | I WANT A CHINESE RESTAURANT |
| System | There is no place to eat serving chinese food in the moderate price range. |
| User | I'D LIKE SOMETHING EXPENSIVE |
| System | The Peking Restaurant, which is in the expensive price range, is a wonderful restaurant. It serves chinese food. |
| User | DO YOU HAVE ANYTHING ELSE |
| System | The Agora serves turkish food and it's a wonderful restaurant in the central part of town near King's College, also I am sorry but there is no information about the price range for it. |
| User | I'M LOOKING FOR A CHINESE RESTAURANT |
| System | Yu Garden serves chinese food. It's in the Fen Ditton part of town and it's a wonderful restaurant near Taxi Gallery, also I am sorry but there is no information about the price range for it. |
| User | OK GIVE ME THE ADDRESS |
| System | Yu Garden is located on A/529 Newmarket Road. |
| User | AND A PHONE NUMBER |
| System | The phone number of Yu Garden is<PHONE_NUMBER>2. |
| User | THANK YOU GOODBYE |
| System | Thank you for using this system. Could you tell us whether you were satisfied, by saying yes, or no? |
| User | YES |
| System | Thank you, goodbye |


Dieabetes Diet - How to Choose the Right Fruits if You are a Diabetic
Being rich in carbohydrates, fruits pose a big question to everyone with diabetes: Is it okay to have them or not? Mumbai-based naturopath and sports nutritionist Dhvani Shah guides us on including fruits in the menu of a person suffering from high blood sugar levels.
by Debjani AroraWell, diabetes is a disease that doesn’t need an introduction as it affects at least 1 in a household. As we already know, mindful eating of a well-regulated diet is the cornerstone of successful diabetes treatment. The food choice of a diabetic is quite restricted and it has many no-nos as well. There are many no-nos and restrictions in the menu plan of a diabetic, especially while it comes to carbohydrates. In case of type 2 diabetes, this carbs turn into sugar, directly impacting your blood glucose levels.
Fruits are the type of food that most diabetics are sceptical about because they are rich in carbohydrates. Does this mean diabetics need to cut out fruits from their menu? The answer is no.
In fact, most fruits are rich in fibre (when eaten with their skin intact) which helps to maintain the blood sugar levels. However, they have adequate amounts of sugar in them too. So, most diabetics fear that eating fruits will make their blood sugar levels soar. But the reality is only foods that are high in the glycemic index (usually carbohydrate-rich foods) increase your blood sugar levels after consuming them. On the other hand, consuming foods that are low in GI index helps to control blood sugar levels. Most fruits have low to medium GI and are safe to have. Here are few healthy diet habits that are not-so-healthy for diabetics.
So, we spoke to Dhvani Shah, naturopath and sports nutritionist, Mumbai to get some tips on eating fruit while managing diabetes. Here is all she has to say:
Fruits are low in GI index and almost all fruits have a value less than 50. Foods that are low in GI index breakdown slowly and helps in maintaining a steady postprandial blood sugar levels. This is why having fruits isn’t a bad idea for diabetics. Here is everything you need to know about glycemic index.
However, it is always good to have them with some nuts as they are a great source of fibre which slows down the absorption of sugar. So even if any fruit has a slightly high GI consuming it with nuts will help to keep the blood sugar steady.
Avoid having fruits with your meals as Indian meals are high in carbohydrates and this can affect the blood sugar levels. Instead, have fruits as a snack.
 Instead, wait for the levels to come down. Have a protein-rich snack (one boiled egg or dairy products), go for walk or take your medicines to bring it down. Don’t have fruits until your blood sugar levels come down. Read to know if diabetics can eat eggs.
Avoid having fruit juices as they can have artificial sweeteners and could be devoid of any fibre.
Avoid having fruits as desserts as it can again increase your blood sugar levels. Instead, keep a gap of at least two hours between your meal and fruit intake.
Avoid having fruits after 5 pm as it makes it little difficult for the fructose to metabolise as the day passes.
Here is a guide on how to choose the right fruits if you are a diabetic
Low GI fruits (GI less than 55)
- Apples
- Avocados
- Bananas
- Berries
- Cherries
- Grapefruit
- Grapes
- Kiwi fruit
- Nectarines
- Orange
- Peaches
- Pears
- Plums
- Strawberries
Medium-GI fruits (GI of 56 to 69)
- Honeydew melon
- Figs
- Papayas
- Pineapples
High-GI fruits (GI Index of 70 or greater)
- Dates
- Watermelon
Image source: Shutterstock


mindfulness and self-awareness
These two go hand in hand and are essentially the same thing.
body scan + journaling
I tried both the Body Scanning and the Journaling exercises. The Body Scan is something I have tried before to help induce me into sleep, which my doctor recommended. Although it didn't help me get to sleep, it was definitely a great exercise to do to open my self-awareness and be aware of more than just my mental being. This is still a frequent practice of mine, and I try to do it nightly - after I take my sleeping pill, and before I actually fall asleep.
Truthfully, I have never been "into" journaling, or having a diary. I'm unsure why this is, but it has never really been my thing. Despite this being the case previously, I tried the journaling exercises and would love to try and continue them daily. Having a prompt was helpful, as opposed to staring at a blank page thinking "what do I write about?". It was definitely a difficult exercise, simply because I would keep running out of stuff to write about, so I started noting down my "thought train".
For example, mine went:
- feeling = happy
- why = brother
- what should I cook for dinner
- something lithuanian
- write something
I am planning on continuing the journaling process and hopefully will become more comfortable that it's okay if there's nothing to write.
what did you learn?
It's about the process, not the product.
Being aware of what and who you are behind all of the emotions, and feelings, is
an incredibly important to learning how to control the uncontrolable.


home
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Alpha-Phonics Brochure
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Course Project
The course project will give the students a chance to use the methods taught in
the course on real world problems using real world data. Course projects will be
done in groups of up to 3 students.
Instructions for the final project are
posted here. Note that we will be
relying on the Kaggle platform for prediction submissions. If you are new to
Kaggle,
this
introduction and
this
tutorial may be a good place to start.
FAQ
Can I work with other students in the class?
Yes, you can work with up to two other students in submitting a joint report. However, the report will have to state the contributions from each person.
Can I seek advice from friends or colleagues?
Yes, you can seek advice from anyone, as long as you submit your own report and explicitly indicate with whom (if anyone) you discussed the project with and what help they provided.
How will I be evaluated for the project?
If you explain and understand each step of the data mining process, understand and visualize the data effectively, are able to build a clustering, regression, & classification model from the data (i.e. complete all four objectives) you can expect to get full credit. Partial credit will be given as well.
Can we submit more than one model?
As we are mimicing the productionalization of your model into the future, we will not be allowing multiple model submissions.
By which metric will the model be evaluated? How good does it have to be to get full credit?
The evaluation metrics are detailed in the write-up. Briefly, we will be summing the mean squared error for each day and taking the average across days after separating the days into two periods. We haven't set a quantitative bar on how good the model has to be to get full credit. A good report, with good visualizations and a good thought process will get full credit even for a model that may not work very well.
Will you be teaching most of the tools required to do the class project, or will most of it be self-learning? For example, will we be learning how to build our own regression model and train it with data sets, or is that something for us to figure out on our own in R/Python?
We will be teaching several types of classifiers and regression approaches in the course as well as a Section on statistical programming; however you will have to become familiar enough with R/Python to be able to write the program for the various models. R/Python comes with packages that can be used to construct support vector machines, decisions trees, and much more, so hopefully you don't have to write much code from scratch.
Am I allowed to use external data?
Pairing external data with the anonymized training data may lead to de-anonymization of the data. Consequently, we are not allowing external data use.


Multiscale statistical analysis¶
Based on the single-cell, proximity, segmentation, and cytoarchitectural results, multiscale features can be calculated and combined into a hyperdimensional statistical analysis.
This statistical analysis is best conceptualized as an unbiased hypothesis generation tool. That is, it contains a more unbiased view of whole organoids compared to section-based analyses, and researchers can always go back to the image data to ask new questions inspired by this statistical analysis.
Aggregating features¶
First, the predetermined set of multiscale features can be calculated using the following command inside an organoid group dataset folder. Please “cd” into groupN (for example, Lancaster_d35) and execute the following:
scout multiscale features organoid_folder_name(usually 2019...)/. -d 1 6 6 -v
This command takes the current folder (specified by “.”) and looks for intermediate results, including centroids_um.npy and cyto_labels.npy. The argument -d 1 6 6 specifies the z, y, and x downsampling factors used for the ventricle segmentation. This command should be repeated for each organoid in the study (the same organoids sampled from to generate the cytoarchitecture clusters). This command will create an Excel spreadsheet in the current folder called organoid_features.xlsx.
The multiscale features for each organoid can be combined into a single Excel table using the following command:
scout multiscale combine analysis.csv --output combined_features.xlsx -v
This command expects the organoid_features.xlsx to be present in each organoid folder. The combined table is written to combined_features.xlsx.
Statistical testing¶
To perform statistical tests on the combined features, use the notebook called “T-tests and volcano plots.ipynb”.
Expected output¶
The expected output from the SCOUT pipeline is a table of >200 phenotypic measurements made for each organoid sample, along with fold-changes and p-values between the treatment and control groups for each measurement. A list of all possible phenotypic measurements for is avialable in the Supplement of the SCOUT publication.


Scotts beer was established 2 years back and in only two year it has the reputation and the confidence to stand in the market. When we initially started there is not that much production was going on because there is more demand of the older brand which exists in the market but after settling a small scale beer bar in downtown of London the people started recognizing us and the demand kept growing day by day, we started with producing 500- 550 beer bottle a day and now we are producing more then 10000 bottles in a day to meet the requirement of our different localities.
Talking about the visual style. The decision is to make something different in taste and visualization is our first priority from the start. Like all the other beer brand made till date, they use simple white or any coloured glass for their bottle but we used a special type of glossy candy shade glass for each one flavour which seprates it from all other brands. At few metre distance it looks like a plastic bottle due to the glass and its stretched down design but in actual it’s a glass which make it extraordinary.
Every ingredient The thing which sets up scotts beer apart from other competitor is the taste because of the rarest ingredient used and the suitable price for our dearest customers. Our one medium can cost $5 with tax. used in our beer is organic, grown by local and international farmers and we never used any artificial flavours . we use top quality barley which comes from the Russian growers and for our special flvour we use irish moss flakes comes from Italy like this we have many more unique quality about our beer


 It is the Dove Whitening Anti-Perspirant Deodorant. I seriously never expected this from a brand like Dove. Read on to find more…
Price: Rs. 170 for 100g
Claims and Information-
- Dove Original Deodorant gives easy coverage at the press of a button that stays on your skin and not on your clothes
- It has been specially designed to give you 24 hour protection
- Reduces white marks on clothes, leaving your underarms feeling soft and fresh all day long
- It contains 1/4th moisturizing cream that helps care for your skin
- So you are left smelling and feeling great
My Experience with Dove Whitening Anti-Perspirant Deodorant
I have been using this since 1.5 months now and completely hate it.
The first day when tried it, I was super excited and as it got absorbed quickly and left no layer behind. Second day tried it again and got a slight burning sensation. However I ignored it.  The Deodorant had burnt the skin leaving behind a brown spot. It has been such a long time since then but the spot is still there.
I completely love all other Dove products and, thus out of respect, I tried it again. This time, it turned super powdery and my under arms became ghastly white.
Next day I tried again and it was all sticky. It did not get absorbed properly and left the slimy layer behind. This product is super confusing and all its claims are FALSE. This is my personal experience.
Finally, there is another con. When I spray it my whole room turns foggy. It contains such a lot of gas. This is not good for the health too. It completely turns the under arm area rough, though does not dry them out.
PROS-
- Packaging is nice
- Long Lasting Fragrance
CONS-
- Burnt my under arm skin slightly and I have a brown spot which has not faded since a long time now
- I don’t want to smell like Dove soap everywhere
- Does not get absorbed completely
- Gives rough under arm area
- Sometimes leaves a sticky layer behind (Like glue)
- Sometimes leaves a very powdery layer
- Everything else you can think of is a CON
Final Verdict- DO NOT purchase this EVER. Definitely not for sensitive under arms. Does not whiten the under arm area rather makes it ROUGH. Complete Wastage of money for me.
Rating- 0/5 (I am Serious)
How was you experience with Dove Whitening Anti-Perspirant Deodorant ? OR is it just me ?
P.S:- I love you all when you support me :) Thank you so much guys :) You make me emotional :’) Thanks for the Love everyone and thanks for giving me a platform to express my views on, Divya!


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About
Problem Roulette (PR) is a web-based study service at the University of Michigan that offers random-within-topic access to a large library of past exam problems in several different courses. Built on public-private cloud computing infrastructure, PR served nearly 1000 students during Fall 2012 term, delivering more than 60,000 problem pages. The service complements that of commercial publishing houses by offering problems authored by local professors.
Among roughly 500 students studying electromagnetism, we find that the 229 students who worked fifty or more problems over the term outperformed their complement by 0.40 grade points (on a 4.0 scale). This improvement partly reflects a selection bias that better students used the service more frequently. Adjusting for this selection bias by using overall grade point average (GPA) as a classifier, we find a grade point improvement of 0.22 for regular PR users, significantly above the random noise level of 0.04.
Simply put, students who worked one or more additional problem per weekday earned nearly a quarter-letter average grade improvement irrespective of GPA. Student comments emphasize the importance of randomness in helping them synthesize concepts. The PR source code is publicly available on the bitbucket repository.
A paper describing the the service and analyzing statistics gathered from the service can be found on arXiv: Problem Roulette: Studying Introductory Physics in the Cloud
Testimonials
The refreshing thing about PR was that I could actually practice all the formulas and concepts I had learned in class on new problems; no longer relying on memorization, the concepts actually stuck with me at exam time.
The features I enjoyed most which I think made Problem Roulette superior to other forms of studying were the results on the average time students took to answer the problem and the percentage of students who got it correct. That allowed me to better evaluate my readiness for the exam and as someone who tends to take too long on each individual problem it allowed me to work more on my timing so that by the time the exam came around I could finish in the allotted time.
It allowed for a different approach to studying that didn't involve a specific number of questions to complete, or time constrains. In this way, a lot of the pressure was relieved, which allowed me to move slightly faster along the problems.


BlazeDS provides the ability to proxy messages from a JMS destination. Your AIR / Flex client can subscribe to it and provide a callback, very much like a Message Driven EJB or Spring's Message Driven POJOs.
Traditionally, reacting to an event on a bus in a client (which very well could exist outside the firewall) means polling some service or setting up a specialized proxy or perhaps having separate DMZ-safe JMS destination where you forward client-bound messages.
Suffice it to say, all of this is tedious and imposes an unecessary burden on the architecture and the developers. When it comes to messaging and remoting based services, there is definitely an extra burden on the developer of a RIA to secure or handle that requirement where this burden simply does not exist with traditional web applications. It is too frequently glossed over when architecting a system and then becomes a pain point.
There are some tools...
If you are using AJAX for your RIA, then you will have mastered tools like comet for push-based messaging. Even here, though, the burden of connecting and configuring comet is on you, the developer. For example, DWR - which is fantastic - doesn't have a way of proxying a JMS destination that I know of. It can be done, of course.
David Dossot showed me a very interersting, albeit specific, solution that solves the problem for Ajax using ActiveMQ's JavaScript client.
So, back to the question at hand - how are you solving the problem? Do you just avoid building systems that have the problem? You truly can't think of at least one or two or a millino problems that would be better served by messaging?
To me, the most complete solution appears to be Flex partnered with Spring and BlazeDS. If this post sounds like that of a gushing fan boy, you'll forgive me. It's true, unbounded enthusiasm. This technology is liberating, enabling! It reduces a real problem to a half hour of configuration - relegating the architectural burden back to the "gloss over" column, if you're using Flex. The Spring - BlazeDS integration is more than just a lot of "could"s. It provides out-of-the box support for connecting to JMS, and if you use the excellent Spring/BlazeDS solution, then you can do all of this with aplomb, and you can hook up any flex client to any channel on your Spring Integration bus with a minimum of fuss.
Naturally, all of that will all be covered in Spring Web Recipes, so stay tuned!
So: how are you talking to your messaging middleware? Remember - messaging is even MORE important in the wild Web 2.0 / cloud world than the client-server applications of yesteryear. Temporal decoupling brings scalability.


MULTIVERSE WORLD BROWSER ERROR
Script Error
While running the scripts to initialize the world, the Multiverse World Browser encountered
a fatal error.
Possible causes include:
- Incorrect Script Files - some of the scripts have invalid
Python code or other errors.
- Missing Script Files - some of the scripts referenced in
the startup could not be found.
Copyright © 2008 The Multiverse Network, Inc.


ORIGINAL ARTICLES
The right to prevention and the challenges of reducing vulnerability to HIV in Brazil
Vera PaivaI; Ligia Rivero PupoII; Renato BarbozaII
INúcleo
de Estudos de Prevenção da Aids. Instituto de Psicologia. Universidade
de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
IIInstituto
de Saúde. Secretaria Estadual da Saúde. São Paulo, SP,
Brasil
ABSTRACT
The study evaluates the Brazilian response to the targets established by UNGASS for the prevention of HIV/AIDS. The analysis was based on national research, documents and information from the National Program for STD/AIDS and on state-level action plans and targets. Brazil relies on various prevention policies to attain the UNGASS targets proposed for 2005. These include: addressing discrimination issues, promotion of HIV testing, distribution of condoms, needle exchange programs, discussion of sexuality in schools, prevention initiatives for sex workers and homosexuals and prevention in the workplace. These have resulted in increases in testing and condom use. Various challenges are discussed, including: overcoming discontinuity in action plans (particularly with more vulnerable groups), training prevention teams, increasing monitoring of quantity and quality of preventative actions and overcoming regional, racial and gender inequalities. It is concluded that the right to prevention is not a priority for entities of social control, nor is it on the social movement agendas. This contrasts with the right to better HIV treatment. In order to increase the efficacy of these programs, it is suggested that they be understood and incorporated based on the promotion and guarantee of human rights, thereby advancing the ethical/political debate at local and national levels.
Keywords: HIV. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, prevention & control. Sexually transmitted diseases, prevention & control. AIDS serodiagnosis. Condoms, supply & distribution. Human rights. Review. Brazil.
INTRODUCTION
Universal access to free antiretroviral (ARV) medication and HIV testing in Brazil has substantially reduced mortality and morbidity by AIDS, including its vertical transmission.8 This is also a result of initiatives for prompt responses to the epidemic, to combat prejudice, and involve the general population, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and the historically more vulnerable groups.10,11
Although a predominantly Catholic country, sexual topics are discussed openly in Brazilian media and school. In addition to the distribution of millions of condoms, the government is actively involved in STD/AIDS programs with sex workers, it sponsors a gay pride parade in São Paulo (the largest in the world) and distributes clean needles to drug users.
A critical analysis of the Brazilian response has highlighted the importance of the integration of prevention, care and treatment by the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS), with consideration to human rights.5,9,15,21 The reference to human rights permits the analysis of vulnerability to HIV/AIDS3,20 at the individual, social and program levels with respect to the relationships between gender and power, sexism and homophobia and racism and poverty. These can also guide the planning, organization and evaluation of services.
In this context, health indicators have frequently been pointed to as indices of protection, promotion or of the violation of human rights.20 An example of this is the incorporation of the language of human rights and of informed choice in normative definitions of sexual health.16,1 As a whole, the work in the field of rights still suffers because it is ad hoc, single-agency and reactive, when it should be strategic, multi-agency and proactive.16
The strategic initiative inaugurated in 2001 with the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS of the Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGASS) addresses topics relating health to human rights.13,26 This agreement established indictors and targets to be monitored by signatory countries. The present work concentrates on indicators and targets number 49, 50, 52 and 53, which concern the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Brazil (Table 1). The first difficulty of this international effort is the ideological polarization of the debate on prevention, which hampers human rights progress. Decisions are made without consideration to rigorous scientific evaluation, such as the insistence on "abstinence-only" policies2 or of the dismissal of successful strategies addressing intravenous drug use.9
In this debate, for example, defenders of abstinence propose a "just say no" policy (to drugs and sex), based on values (chastity, monogamy, and "ignorance until the first sexual encounter") not always shared among all citizens.
In Brazil and various other countries, a second difficulty results from the lack of an established forum to discuss national consensuses, theory-based action planning, definitions and agreed principles.9,1
The third difficulty involves the need to address Brazil's health policies in the context of the decentralization of the SUS, which should be undertaken in accordance with the principles of completeness, equity and universality. This has been particularly relevant since the creation of the Incentive Policy and of the Action and Targets Plan (Plano de Ações e Metas - PAM) in 2003,3 which were developed in conjunction with states, municipalities and NGOs.10
The present work aims to evaluate the Brazilian response to the AIDS epidemic in relation to the targets established for 2005 in the chapter concerning prevention of the "United Nations Declaration of Commitment on HIV and AIDS".
Administrative documents from the National Program for STD/AIDS (PN-DST/AIDS) of the Ministry of Health, information from members of the technical team and data available from the Institution's webpage4 were consulted to analyze the following: counseling and the availability of HIV testing, sex education for young persons, access to male and female condoms, control of STDs, prevention for intravenous drug users and prevention in the workplace (Table 1).
Also the action plans and targets for STD/AIDS for 2003 and 2004 from the states of Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo, Pará, Pernambuco and Mato Grosso do Sul were analyzed. The criteria used in choosing these states were based in the evaluation of the 100 municipalities with the highest incidence of AIDS in each administrative region of Brazil according to cases reported until 2003.7
The initiatives planned and implemented by PAM for STD/AIDS prevention were identified and categorized in light of the decentralization process of the SUS.
ACTION PLAN AND TARGETS
The five states studied planned prevention initiatives during 2003-2004 directed to the populations considered most vulnerable to HIV/AIDS. Conspicuous here were the state programs without a prevention team (2/5) or with a team consisting of a single person (1/5). The discontinuity of prevention initiatives was notable for indigenous groups, truck drivers, rural settlers, elderly, military personnel, and industry and company workers. The group most cited in the allocation of resources were adolescents attending school.
Prevention initiatives conducted by the states concentrate primarily on elaborating, producing and distributing education material or the training of health professional that work in the basic healthcare network. In relation to initiatives to increase access to HIV, Syphilis and Hepatitis testing, training was offered in the basic health care network and new Testing and Counseling Centers (CTA) were implemented in epidemiologically strategic municipalities of Pará and Pernambuco states.
All states programmed inter-agency initiatives that prioritized the secretariats of Education and of Justice. Only in Pernambuco the partnership with Tutoring Councils was cited. Despite the agenda of state coordinators indicating the incorporation of inter-agency initiatives, no mention was made of activities directed to municipal health or education councils in the PAM5 for 2003 and 2004. This suggests there is little interaction between managers in the formulation, consensus and social control of health policies.
Data on the monitoring and evaluation of initiatives at the state level are not always available in an organized and systematic form, thus hampering the evaluation of the STD/AIDS management policy by the state secretariats. This suggests a disjointed relationship exists between the production of these data and decision-making within state STD/AIDS programs, a factor which can reduce the effectiveness of political negotiation in the municipalities and health councils, in inter-institutional forums with non-health sectors and in NGOs.
Access to condoms
Policies designed to increase access to male condoms in Brazil involve the allocation of financial resources from national, state and municipal levels of government.
Male Condoms distribution by the Brazilian government increased from 13 million in 1994 to 260 million in 2003.6 The significant drop in the quantity distributed by the Ministry of Health from 2004 to 2005 was attributed to operational problems. These include administrative and legal impediments that slowed the certification process for condoms acquired from international purchases (in cases where Brazilian legislation is more rigorous than that of the exporting countries). It was not possible to obtain information on the fulfillment of agreements of the national condom policy by state.
Access to condoms in Brazil has been monitored in various national studies.6,24,25,7,8 These reveal an increase in the use of condoms by the population. Between 1998 and 2005, the use of condoms increased significantly in all age groups (Table 2). In research conducted in 2005, use of condom was greater among young persons having completed elementary schooling and lower among women, black men and in residents of the Central-Western region. The lowest rates of use continue to be seen among illiterate persons.9
Two positive initiatives coincided with the UNGASS targets: the ongoing construction of a national condom factory in Acre State and the distribution of four million female condoms by the federal government in the period leading up to 2004. Brazil is one of the principal buyers of this product in the world.
Concerning youths
The proportion of persons below the age of 20 that use condoms increased from 47.8% in 1998 to 65.8% in 2005, this rate being higher among males (Table 3).

Another study10 indicated that 60.2% of schools in Brazil provide STD/AIDS prevention programs. In high schools this represents 96.2%, in contrast to only 29.7% of elementary schools undertake prevention initiatives. These percentages are reflected in the proportion of teachers qualified to teach such topics: 62.4% in high schools and 29.3% in elementary schools.
Since August 2003, the ministries of Health and of Education have advanced STD/AIDS prevention initiatives, including the availability of condoms for students aged over 14.11 The School Census indicated that 9.1% of schools made condoms available for their students.
A study12 of Municipal STD/AIDS Programs analyzed the project described above and found that 67.5% of Municipal Health Secretariats allocate resources for prevention in their PAM for school networks. Despite 88.4% of municipal programs addressing prevention initiatives in partnership with education, the majority do not include condom distribution programs to municipal schools (88.3%). The lack of human resources is one of the primary reasons indicated by the program coordinators for the failure to execute prevention initiatives with young persons in schools, with 35% stating they do not possess the appropriate technical know-how.
The availability of condoms in schools is still low in Brazil. The students that these programs reach are primarily of high school age, despite the presence of students over 14 years of age in elementary schools. Ninety-six percent of municipal programs concentrate their actions in the distribution of education material to schools, 95% conduct lectures, 71% train teachers and 68% conduct prevention workshops,12 the same categories seen in 1999.13
The focus on information and seminars, although necessary, is insufficient to promote safer sex and strengthen students' understanding of their own sexuality, which depends on a forum promoting the effective participation of students, as is established by UNGASS target 53. In another study, young persons aged 15-24 were those proportionally worse at identifying the causes HIV transmission (62%, compared to 71% of adults 25-39 years of age and 67.1% of adults over 40).25,14
In order to reach young persons not formally enrolled in the school network, the PN-DST/AIDS initiated pilot projects in 2005 with homeless boys and girls from state capitals and other metropolitan regions with larges numbers of such children. In addition, regulations were passed to address the health of incarcerated youths, which include the components of STD/AIDS prevention and assistance.
Offer of HIV testing and counseling
The percentage of persons tested increased significantly during recent years, from 20% in 1998 to 32.9% in 2005.15 Nevertheless, the majority of those tested were women in the age range from 25 to 39 (Table 4), a proportion that is explained by the inclusion of HIV testing in prenatal care. These data reveal an important advance in the access of the female population to early HIV/AIDS diagnosis,16,17 but also suggest that men are not being reached by these efforts. Women that are not pregnant probably also do not benefit from these policies. Inequalities were observed in relation to schooling level, geographic regions and race, with black men being the demographic category least tested since the end of the 1990s (22 % in 1998 and 26% in 2005).
There are today 322 CTAs in Brazil and the process of decentralizing HIV diagnosis from federal to local healthcare networks is ongoing. This is driven partly by the "You Should Know" (Fique Sabendo) campaign launched in 2003 by the federal government,18 a program that has increased requests for HIV testing by 30%.19 However, because Brazilian policies have developed based on assistance services specialized to AIDS (such as STD/AIDS Reference Centers and CTAs), the incorporation of initiatives related to HIV/AIDS in the basic healthcare network has been relatively slow. HIV testing is considered by technicians difficult to assimilate into the routine of basic healthcare networks and counseling is not well established theoretically, which hampers its expansion.
Recent research with both population and HIV-positive individuals suggests that counseling is little valued as a strategic field of prevention.14,22
Workplace
There is no data on the number of large companies that offer prevention programs, as requested by the UNGASS indicator. In Brazil, initiatives for prevention in the workplace began at the end of the 1980s and the federal government has created mechanisms for the protection of workers affected by the epidemic.20
Despite advances in Brazilian legislation,21 issues related to employment are the second most frequent cause of rights violations for persons living with HIV/AIDS. The illegal use of HIV testing as a condition of employment is responsible for 7.8% of tests undertaken in the country.
In 1997, the PN-DST/AIDSinstituted the National Corporate Council, which comprises 25 large companies and aims to mobilize the sector toward HIV/AIDS prevention. Since 2005, these Councils have become decentralized to state level. However, the prevention strategies adopted by the companies involved do not reach the most vulnerable workers (unemployed, those with less schooling, and those linked to the informal or undocumented economy).
In recent years, STD/AIDS programs have become increasingly affiliated with labor unions and social services for commerce, industry and transport to develop initiatives for training and execution of prevention projects. These services, whose mission is to educate, train and qualify individuals to re-enter the job market, target primarily the more vulnerable workers. Nevertheless, they have limited reach within the country and until now were primarily carried out in short and discontinuous programs.
Harm reduction among Injecting Drug Users
Studies17,24 indicate an HIV prevalence of 0.2% among Injecting Drug Users (IDU) sampled. Considering the relative size of the IDU population, it was possible to estimate that the rate of infection had declined.22 This reduction has been attributed to the increased use of crack and to the death of addicts.1,4,12 Several studies 13,23 indicate, however, that there was a significant increase in the percentage of IDUs that abstain from sharing needles, reaching 76% in 1999, demonstrating the efficacy of prevention programs in Brazil.
The harm reduction strategy adopted by the Ministry of Health has expanded since its enactment in 1994.13 Initiatives were increased to include not only IDUs, but also users of crack and alcohol. In 2000, this strategy was incorporated into the National Anti-Drug Policy and in 2005, was legislated by the federal government. Its aim is to reach drug users by incorporating needle exchange programs into the services provided by SUS the healthcare network, thus reducing the incidence of HIV and Hepatitis in this population. Five states and nine municipalities from the Southern and Southeastern regions (those most developed in Brazil) have enacted laws specifically targeting damage reduction. This represents a step forward in the strengthening and promotion of prevention policies, but is also evidence of regional inequalities.
The ongoing decentralization of prevention programs in Brazil has made the states and municipalities responsible for the execution and monitoring of these initiatives. One-hundred thirty-four STD/AIDS prevention projects with drug users were identified in Brazil.12 Nevertheless, the PN-DST/AIDS possesses information only on the 38 such projects that it funds.
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
Several advances were seen relating to the targets proposed for 2005. Brazil has enacted a large number of prevention programs dedicated to the groups and situations detailed in targets 49, 52 and 53. The reduction of vertical transmission, the increase of testing and the increased use of condom are important results of the plan to reduce individual vulnerability to HIV/AIDS.6,9,25,24
In this process, the effort to integrate STD/AIDS prevention initiatives into the basic healthcare network is noticeable and is a result of the decentralization policies of the SUS. The PN-DST/AIDS has sponsored descriptive studies and systems to monitor the management of the proposed initiatives and of prevention attitudes, behavior and practices. However, research that evaluates prevention strategies and practices are extremely rare.10,25 Likewise, the Latin-American literature concentrates primarily on the in-depth description of only a few, highly localized, projects.9
The discussion of local ethics and cultural values, as defined by target 52, depends on the way in which initiatives are undertaken; if groups holding traditional values are being addressed and if minorities are considered; from initial design to the evaluation of results. Men and women may or may not realize their desires and intentions within the limit of their social and cultural context and their moral options, beyond what techno-science can justify and control. The majority of prevention initiatives have some impact (or none) on cultural and symbolic aspects, and not directly on individual conduct; when they can promote important changes, programs can affect other programs, innovate cultural circumstances and change attitudes and practices.20 Prevention programs, therefore, have a long maturation time.
There remain, however, several challenges:
| a) |
The discontinuity of initiatives and the lack of trained professionals affect every topic discussed herein, be it in the school environment or the workplace. This impedes the renovation needed to account for the new generations that are gradually maturing into sexual and reproductive life, as well as of the innumerable subjective, cultural and social local dimensions that have undergone historical changes and continuously shape the behavior of individuals and groups. |
| b) |
There is no data on the processes that permit an analysis of the quality of governmental prevention initiatives, nor of the interpretation of changes at the individual and collective levels. The focus on information, and principally which information is valued, should be questioned, as should be the "pamphleting" approach. |
| c) |
Counseling is not always a democratic moment of personalized discussion of doubts, risks, attitudes and social contexts; many times it is a health practice that is ignored, made banal or undertaken by specialized services or by the basic healthcare network without theoretical foundations. |
| d) |
The available data on STDs in Brazil do not allow an estimate of the percentage of patients diagnosed and treated adequately by the healthcare services, as defined in the UNGASS indicator. There exists no information on the number of municipalities, services and professionals trained in symptomatic and etiological evaluation of STDs and there was little emphasis on STD diagnostic and treatment initiatives in the PAMs. The difficulty in controlling STDs in Brazil contrasts with successful progress in using ARVs and deserves its own research agenda, which has only recently been addressed. |
| e) |
There is no record of studies with the migrant and itinerant populations, as defined in target 50. |
| f) |
There is no information on initiatives developed in the private sector (education, health and companies not associated with the Corporate Council), nor on programs to regulate and monitor this sector, as defined in the UNGASS targets. |
| g) |
The information available on prevention activities is insufficient and the decisions taken by administrators in the various governmental areas are occasionally contradictory, turning the monitoring of initiatives difficult. If decentralization is desired, there arises a corresponding challenge to monitoring and social control, a basic principle of the SUS. |
There are various initiatives in the social vulnerability plan and interventions (laws, regulations and decrees) to justify the program decisions. Important initiatives against discrimination, such as the protection of sexual rights, are emblematic of the Brazilian response. Unfortunately, homosexuals, transsexuals and sex workers are not included in the UNGASS indicators or targets. On the other hand, even if the programs adopt references to vulnerability and human rights, some groups continue to be systematically under-protected. In this plan for social vulnerability remaining challenges include:
| a) |
The decrease of regional, racial, age and gender inequalities, which are also present in other Latin-American countries.9 These remain because of a lack of innovation in research methodologies to monitor populations that are difficult to reach, but are highly vulnerable to HIV/AIDS: homosexuals, IDUs and sex workers. |
| b) |
The increase in initiatives to monitor tangible acts of discrimination in the workplace or in the specialized AIDS services, particularly of the reproductive rights of carriers and young persons.3,18 |
| c) |
The prioritizing of prevention initiatives to addressing young persons; schooled versus non-schooled, high school students in relation to those in elementary school; are evidence that prevention initiatives reduce the vulnerability of some groups. It is known that high school students represent the Brazilian youth demographic most protected in relation to sexual activity.26 |
| d) |
The increase in the monitoring of prevention initiatives related to racial inequalities. It is notable that the theme for World AIDS Day in Brazil in 2005 focused on the question of race. |
Prevention as a right
The comparison between the findings herein and the UNGASS targets confirm that assistance is first instituted and is then followed by prevention.9 The social movement in Brazil, which is fundamental to developing an answer to the AIDS issue, began fighting for access to high-quality assistance for carriers and, in the 1990s, for the right to treatment. However, the right to prevention is still rarely addressed in the agendas of the social movement and by the entities of social control. In other words, there is little activism for the "right to prevention"; the mobilization for access to the prevention material (condoms and hypodermic needles), for access to information, education, or high quality counseling; even where the interface with assistance services is higher, as is the case with access to quality STD treatment, of sexual and reproductive health or the prevention of vertical transmission.
The scarcity of administrative documents from state Health Agencies and of recent research on themes analyzed herein complicates a more in-depth analysis of the targets indicated in the "Prevention" chapter of the Declaration. Thus, creating a monitoring capacity using the network of organizations in civil society at the local level, but able to articulate at the national level, is a substantial challenge. The reference to human rights used in the present context and expounded in Table 5, can be useful to this end.
Changes in the field of prevention will also depend on the momentum of decision-making at the local level. Agreement on prevention based on the guarantee of rights is more realistic than attempting to reach a consensus on values, for example. Defining prevention as a right advances the "banking" analogy, whereby the participant is a "consumer" of pre-defined proceeds and values of behavior, leading to a dialogue that includes subjects and considers their values and sociocultural contexts.19 The "banking" concept, for example, removes from the debate the girl who "wants to marry as a virgin" and is uncomfortable with the demonstration of condom use in safe sex workshops, but is infected by her only partner after marriage.
The critical analysis of prevention programs can benefit from the global and local potential of human rights.23 In the context of the right to prevention, the participant is not the object of behavior modification techniques or of persuasion by marketing. She or he possesses rights and is a citizen who can, in turn, eventually propose rights (e.g. assisted fertilization for HIV carriers or distribution of condoms in school). The language of rights facilitates the continuity of programs and sustains innovation. The consensus is more robust when agreement is reached between distinct worldviews without coercion and where these visions can be shared, understood and considered in potential solutions.2
In this way, the lessons learned from long-term endeavors, which are subject to revision after each election or change of team, will endure in the face of the openly ethical-political human rights debate. Interaction and communication, in this context, permit that values, symbols and feelings (individual or of a group) find a forum in which to be expressed and debated; that in the midst of the diverse options and circumstances of life, recognition exists of the impact of inequality and the right to differences in actions of protection against HIV.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We acknowledge the technicians at the National Program for STD/AIDS and those of the state programs for São Paulo, Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Sul for supplying material and information used herein; to the researchers and representatives of civil society and non-governmental organizations that participated in the seminar titled "Monitoring and Assessment Seminar on Target and Commitment Fulfillment relating to the United Nations Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS", São Paulo, November 21st and 22nd, 2005.
REFERÊNCIAS


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Below you can find some of the posts conveing my thoughts, ideas and more.
You can also see a list of documents,
workshops and other services
that I offer.
See photo galleries of places where
I have made a change.
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Community¶
This section explains how to contribute with Apache Marvin-AI Platform.
GitHub¶
GitHub is a project and code version management system as well as a social networking platform designed for developers. In harmony, Apache Marvin-AI is an effort undergoing Incubation at The Apache Software Foundation (ASF), sponsored by the Incubator.
Incubation is required of all newly accepted projects until a further review indicates that the infrastructure, communications, and decision making process have stabilized in a manner consistent with other successful ASF projects.
Thus, Apache Marvin-AI is a project available on GitHub as open source for collaborative development and can be accessed here.


Welcome to Fakelist
Please use the following links to go through the pages one by one
PHP
MySQL
Apache
Linux


DS2 Modifications
For the purpose of this research, the original DS2 files have been lighlty modified. The jsp implementation for DS2 was utilitzed, so the infrastructure for using the jsp files was modified to fit the needs of the research. The changes include:
- ds2webdriver code changed to print to standard output instead of standard error
- Database generation scripts updated to work with MySQL 5.7 (Type ==> Engine syntax change)
- ds2webdriver compiled with mono so that it runs on Linux machines.
- General usability (chmod +x all shell scripts)
- JSP files modified to work with remote MySQL server
- Cleanup of the root directory
- Additional dirver config files added
A zipped archive of the modified ds2 files can be downloaded here.


--- layout: post title: Outliers subtitle: Under Construction published: false categories: machinelearning gh-repo: Ruthwik/StockPrediction tags: [machine learning, outliers, python, scikit] bigimg: - /img/Boxplot/boxplotbg.jpg ---
Here we try to explain how to find Outliers
If you have any question or feedback, please do reach out to me by commenting below.


Kentucky Folklife Magazine looking for submission proposals
BOWLING GREEN, Ky. (AP) - The Kentucky Folklife Program at Western Kentucky University is looking for proposals for articles and other pieces documenting Kentucky’s folklife.
The program said in a news release that this is the first call for proposals for the multimedia digital publication and said the magazine “explores the diversity of expressive cultures within Kentucky.”
In addition to articles, the magazine is looking for ideas for photo essays, documentary film and audio, interviews and oral histories and performances.
TOP STORIES
Kevin McCarthy accuses Adam Schiff of lying about the whistleblower
Company co-founded by Nancy Pelosi's son charged with securities fraud
Skeptics chuckle as climate activist Greta Thunberg sets sail for Europe on 'plastic yacht'
Proposals of about 200 to 400 words can be submitted to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with the subject heading “Kentucky Folklife Magazine Proposal.” Published features receive a contributor’s honorarium.
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Copyright © 2019 The Washington Times, LLC.
Please read our comment policy before commenting.


setupText is the value of the following expression? Note: If the evaluation of the expression throws an exception, the correct answer is the single word (in all lowercase letters): error.
The first step is to understand the structure of the given expression, e.g., what are the arguments for each one of the function calls?
You may want to proceed from the inside out, i.e., evaluate the innermost function calls first.
There is only one acceptable answer; however, whitespace characters are allowed between list elements.
The correct answer is printableANS


AWS Security Features
AWS has many security features, and I find it interesting when I talk to people who use AWS who aren’t aware of the various monitoring and security features that are built it. There are alternatives to them all of course, and they’re not all free – but it’s worth at least checking the basics out to see what your options are! So here’s some examples/


Hyper, Happy, Itchy, and Drowsy...
I acquired regular access to methadone through someone else's prescription (given for treatment of severe, chronic, long-lasting nerve pain).
I've generally consumed it orally, in the form of a few tablets. Sometimes I've snorted it, but, FYI: I get that burning sensation of snorting something acidic combined with the there-are-worms-burrowing-into-my-face/someone-is-sticking-needles-up-my-nose sensation of snorting dxm. It's not quite as bad as snorting diphenhydramine or dxm but it's pretty close, so I'd advise against it (quick treatment: snorting a little bit of water, but not too roughly---I don't want to get it farther into my sinuses, and the water will temporarily make the pain worse---waiting about half a minute, then starting to blow my nose until the pain starts to subside).
I prefer 30-40mg.
Side note: I tend to take DXM often, and I've heard that may affect opiate tolerance.
The experience goes something like this:
T+0:30 to T+1:00 - onset of stimulation and a bit of itching
T+1:00 to T+6:00 - a little happy, a little stimulated but calm, and pretty itchy (I hold off on scratching as much as I can, scratch lightly, don't scratch the same spot over and over, and only scratch a few seconds at a time, hydrocortisone usually doesn't help that much)
T+6:00 to T+10:00 - less itching, less hyper, and more calm and contentness, I can fall asleep at this point, if I can hold off on scratching myself (a little xanax would help)
T+10:00 to T+30:00 - effects slowly trail off, and I may get really drowsy during this period, on-and-off, periodic caffiene or a bit of ephedrine tends to help
The itching tends to come and go in waves. The stimulation effect is something that I won't notice much, but the people around me do, it's similar to percocet or oxycontin, but not as strong. The happy and content feelings creep up on me gradually, but if I've been feeling down, I won't feel down any more, although I don't tend to become so euphoric.
I've enjoyed this drug, and I haven't gotten hooked on it. I think taking it only once to thrice a week and the DXM may have helped this (although I tend to not crave drugs in general).
This might be good for a night out dancing or socializing, taking a couple benadryl an hour or two before dosing helps with the itching. I can also take another benadryl every handful of hours after dosing, but discomfort, confusion, and sedation comes with taking more than 3 or 4 benadryl!
If prone to itchiness, this is probably a good thing to avoid. Might be pretty tired the next day, this may have something to do with the high half-life and long comedown, or may be from the stimulation of the first hours that the drug is in one's system.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Each line of the input file PROG10.IN
follows one of these formats:
number
operator number
UNDO
The valid operators are +, -, *, and /. The number will be in %f format
(no scientific notation). Operators will be separated from numbers by one
or more spaces. The program should allow at least 16 levels of UNDO.
7.24
* 94.18
+ 13.6
/ -28.935
+ 0.0122
UNDO
UNDO
/ -29.835 |
+ 0.0122
UNDO
+ 0.0112
12.7
+ 3.1
UNDO
UNDO |
|


Cornell University - Ithaca, NY January 2014 - December 2014
College of Engineering, Computer ScienceGPA: 4.17/4.0
Brazil Scientific Mobility Program, fully-funded scholarship
Federal University of Pernambuco - Recife-PE, BrazilJanuary 2011 - December 2015
Bachelor of Science, Computer ScienceGPA: 9.06/10
Accenture, Recife, PE, BrazilMarch 2015 - Today
Software Developer Analyst
Cornell Graphics Lab, Ithaca, NY, USAMay 2013 - January 2015
Undergraduate Researcher
- Working in professor Doug James's research group;
- Developing a GPU solver for the wave equation.
PET Informática, Recife, BrazilJanuary 2013 - January 2015
Member
- Developed several projects in partnership with Federal University of Pernambuco to improve the Campus Life;
- Organized a national-wide event with more than 1000 attendees.
Stig Co, Recife, BrazilMay 2013 - January 2015
Chief Technology Officer - CTO
- Led the development team of a Client/Server iOS Application;
- Designed client's and server's architecture.
Mathematics Department of Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, BrazilAugust 2012 - December 2013
Research Intern with a scholarship funded by CNPq
- Worked with Quantum Computing, Topology, Group Theory and Braid Groups;
- Started the development of a geometrical approach to the Non-Minimal Braids Problem.
GRVM - Virtual Reality and Multimedia Group, Recife, BrazilAugust 2011 - May 2012
Research Intern with a scholarship funded by CNPq
- Worked with Augmented Reality, High-Performance Computing and Three-Dimensional Surface Reconstruction;
- Developed and improved an Implicit Surface Reconstruction Algorithm based on Radial Basis Functions.


In Cordova 1.7.0, adding a few files to your project will enable you to effectively log JavaScript errors to your console at a lower level, without using JavaScript code (window.onerror, console.log).
NOTE: when you include these files, it will always pop up a warning dialog at startup, to remind you that you have these classes included. This is to prevent you from inadvertently shipping this code for the App Store, where this code is not allowed (it uses a private interface).
In your app’s MainViewController.m, uncomment/add this code:
- (CDVCordovaView*) newCordovaViewWithFrame:(CGRect)bounds
{
return [[CDVDebugWebView alloc] initWithFrame:bounds];
}
Don’t forget to add the import at the top of your MainViewController.m file as well:
#import "CDVDebugWebView.h"


No. 47 - Oppression (Exhuastion)
Ayahuasca (P. Harmala & M. Hostilis)
Background: This was my first time with the brew. I have taken Peurvian Torch twice about 5 years ago, the first time was groundbreaking, and mushrooms about 2-3 years ago a couple of times so I have some experience with psychedelics. Other experiences include Cannabis, Ecstacy/pills, Salvia extract (hated it) and a little Coke. I donít think I have taken any illegal substances in over a year except tokes on a few joints.
Before this experience I read up carefully about the brew and had already read a few fictions such as Burrough's Yage letters. I prepared myself by quitting my SSRI 2 weeks ago, Citalopram 20mg so it was out of my system by the time of the experience. When I stopped taking it I got the brain zaps after 48 hours for about a week then felt fine. This is very important because combining SSRI's and MAOI's can lead to hypertension, coma and death.
Preparation:
I had prepared my brew about a week earlier using 25g of M.Hostilis (pre powdered root bark) and about 3g of ground P.Harmala. I added to these around 2 fl oz. of Freshly squeezed lemon juice and a pint of filtered water. This was simmered on a stove for 1 hour during which time the mix went from purple to black/deep brown, I then filtered it through a stocking and added back all the pulp and simmered another lemon juice/water mix for 30 minutes filtered and added this to the first pint and simmered it down to approx 1/2 pint. I then split the mix into two equal freezer bags and froze them.
The day:
I arrived home from work quite tired. I hadnít eaten since lunch (12:30) and it was around 7pm. I ground down 3g of P.harmala and simply spooned the power onto my tongue and washed it back with water. This was about 20:10pm. I then microwaved one of my brews (therefore approx 12.5g of MH and 1.5g of PH) and sipped it from the cup over about 10 minutes. I drank about 2/3 before it got hard and I gagged and *almost* threw up then. It does not taste that bad, the syrian rue is fine as long as I wash it back straight away and the brew is very bitter and gets harder to drink the more I have, partly because the tannins etc collect at the bottom of the cup. I decided that was enough and over the next 15-20mins the nausea increased so I went for a shower to enjoy my purge. (about 21:00)
During the sipping I did my I Ching which revealed hexagram 47. Oppression (exhaustion), and fairly foreboding divination which proved to be very accurate (as always). I felt the key was to let the vomit come, its not particularly uncomfortable sitting in the shower with some nausea. Throwing up was ok except the taste of the brew and ground rue in my mouth again. After this I felt a lot better. I was feeling a moderate *intensity* and my pupils were enlarged and glassy. I would estimate my dose at around 9-10g of M.hostilis given the amount I drank.
I went and lay in bed and listened to Tool for a while, enjoying some fairly intense CEV's but open eyes was just basic intensity. With my eyes closed I osciallted between the music, which seemed to surround me in 3D, and the patterns I was seeing with the usual psychedelic colours. I couldnít concentrate properly though, I lacked energy. I had a strange presence which reminded me of the little leader feller in the kids movie Madagascar who dances to 'I like to move it, move it'. This sounds obscure but is the best way to describe it, he showed me a carnivaleque cascade of images.
After about 15-20 mins I had a strong desire to feed my dream with reality and so I went outside to buy some cigarettes, I could feel the intensity subsiding, perhaps I was sick to early, it was about 22:00pm now. I got some smokes and walked home and sat at the end of my garden where I smoked and enjoyed that beautiful peace I often get on the downslope of a Psychedelic. I watched and listened to the trees sway in the wind, it was very peaceful and my mind was clear.
I went back to my room at about 22:30 and decided to sip some of the left over brew. I had 3-4 small sips with a little water and also a cup of mint green tea. I lay down. I started to come up again, intense swirling vision CEV's etc. Again within half an hour I had to vomit. Then I lay back in bed and had another half an hour or so of strong CEV's. The nausea seems to feed the intensity of the experience somehow, but the high last for a good 30mins after the purge and this is relatively low dose.
Analysis: On the downslope of the experience I contemplated it more deeply and I felt a little disappointed that whilst I had enjoyed these visuals they made no real sense to me. I did not have the energy in me to concentrate and follow what I was seeing meaning that most of it was useless because it didnít teach me anything. I wanted a similar experience to Peruvian Torch where I learned a LOT but I realised I was indeed 'exhausted' as the I Ching had said, I realised I needed several days of preparation to be able to delve more deeply into an experience.
I am also thinking of trying B.Caapi in the future because I have heard the vine has more meaning. I really believe that the plants make a difference as it seems in many accounts it is the vine which is considered the medium and not the DMT containing plants, they are simply catalysts. I felt that Peruvian Torch does indeed have a teaching element to it (much as Castaneda would describe) so perhaps the vine has more soul than the rue.
Incidentally I was surprised by the shortness of the trip. Perhaps I vomited a little early but the DMT certainly doesnít last much longer than one hour. This is good in a way, because P. Torch takes hours of tripping (10-12) and can get very tiring. However I felt it wasnít quite long enough.
All in all a positive but light experience. A good first time/introduction and a good lesson that you get out what you put in with psychedelics, I am looking forward to trying this again in a short while when I have gathered more energy to bring to the experience.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Customize your Discord server using welcome and leave messages, level up system, custom commands, NQN mode and much more!
An open source project in which other developers can colaborate and contribute code to make it all better and work as a team!
An extremely high quality music system where you can play songs or listen to YouTube or Twitch live streams in a Discord voice chat.
Protect your Discord server with EpicBot's robust moderation and powerful commands to improve and speed up moderation.
Configure each and every setting from the Web Dashboard of EpicBot! (Coming Soon™)
Make your server more active by rewarding users points, roles, and more for being active.
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I am 52 years old, and I have been on 10 mg of Ambien each night for four years. It was prescribed to counteract the sleeplessness caused by my Wellbutrin SR for depression. If I take it and go straight to bed, I experience no problems. However, if I stay up, even watching TV, I have had amnesia. I have written e-mails and had conversations which made no sense and I had no recollection of the next day.
With my very long-term use, I have noticed I have become much more fixated and impulsive.
I tend to choose a subject, and for a couple of months I research everything about that subject. I subscribe to magazines about it, buy things I don't need, and can think of nothing else. It's like it consumes my thoughts. After a couple of months of this, I lose interest, and start with something else. I know at the time that it is not normal to be spending all my waking time obsessed with some topic or thing, but at the time it is happening I can't control it.
I think I am going to have to stop the Ambien, as this never happened before I started this drug.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


-
First
Hello StackOverflow! SO's da' bomb diggidy!
-
SecondS.O.L.I.D is an acronym for the first five object-oriented design(OOD) principles by Robert C. Martin
- S – Single-responsibility principle
- O – Open-closed principle
- L – Liskov substitution principle
- I – Interface segregation principle
- D – Dependency Inversion Principle
-
Third
I'd like to open the First collapsible element in this list.
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SecondGet setup!
install.packages("devtools") library("devtools")
install_github("ropensci/plotly")
library(plotly)
Authenticate
Plot something
library(plotly)
dsamp <- diamonds[sample(nrow(diamonds), 1000), ]
qplot(carat, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity)
py <- plotly()
py$ggplotly()
Make graph and publish to JSON or JavaScript. Alternatively one could embbed the code
-
SecondThe size of the HTML (couple hundred kb) + the size of all the images it references.The folder where not only these images are stored but every file associated with this HTML file will be exported as a
'hidden'folder to the same directory as the HTML file. At 266 notes, this folder currently holds ~1MB in files.Note how EverNote exports check boxes below:Answer:A couple megabytes.UPDATE 1:I guess the folder wasn't hidden... I'm just blind. -
SecondConsider the following code:Every note has a name as in line 144.Hyperlinks to other notes are simply href calls to that note's name as in line 154Asked 3/23/2015 7:41 PM


This session concerns UNIX, which is a common operating system. By operating system, we mean the suite of programs which make the computer work. UNIX is used by the workstations and multi-user servers within the school.
On X terminals and the workstations, X Windows provide a graphical interface between the user and UNIX. However, knowledge of UNIX is required for operations which aren't covered by a graphical program, or for when there is no X windows system, for example, in a telnet session.
The UNIX operating system is made up of three parts; the kernel, the shell and the programs.
The kernel of UNIX is the hub of the operating system: it allocates time and memory to programs and handles the filestore and communications in response to system calls.
As an illustration of the way that the shell and the kernel work together, suppose a user types rm myfile (which has the effect of removing the file myfile). The shell searches the filestore for the file containing the program rm, and then requests the kernel, through system calls, to execute the program rm on myfile. When the process rm myfile has finished running, the shell then returns the UNIX prompt % to the user, indicating that it is waiting for further commands.
The shell acts as an interface between the user and the kernel. When a user logs in, the login program checks the username and password, and then starts another program called the shell. The shell is a command line interpreter (CLI). It interprets the commands the user types in and arranges for them to be carried out. The commands are themselves programs: when they terminate, the shell gives the user another prompt (% on our systems).
The adept user can customise his/her own shell, and users can use different shells on the same machine. Staff and students in the school have the tcsh shell by default.
The tcsh shell has certain features to help the user inputting commands.
Filename Completion - By typing part of the name of a command, filename or directory and pressing the [Tab] key, the tcsh shell will complete the rest of the name automatically. If the shell finds more than one name beginning with those letters you have typed, it will beep, prompting you to type a few more letters before pressing the tab key again.
History - The shell keeps a list of the commands you have typed in. If you need to repeat a command, use the cursor keys to scroll up and down the list or type history for a list of previous commands.
Everything in UNIX is either a file or a process.
A process is an executing program identified by a unique PID (process identifier).
A file is a collection of data. They are created by users using text editors, running compilers etc.
Examples of files:
All the files are grouped together in the directory structure. The file-system is arranged in a hierarchical structure, like an inverted tree. The top of the hierarchy is traditionally called root.
In the diagram above, we see that the directory ee51ab contains the subdirectory unixstuff and a file proj.txt
To start an Xterm session, click on the Unix Terminal icon on your desktop, or from the drop-down menus
An Xterminal window will appear with a Unix prompt, waiting for you to start entering commands.
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>© 9th October 2000


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Role-playing; Casual game; Adventure
You only need a mouse to control the character. Left click can make the character move forward. Right-click to trigger your object action (prototype is set to jump). Move the mouse to change the moving direction of the view.
You will possess an object in the dorm every morning randomly. You should explore the room and find objects that can interact with to annoy the roommate.
Your roommate has an annoyance meter.  Try to reach the highest point of the meter as fast as possible. Once you reach the highest
point, you will restart the game for a new task.
Different interactions will increase the meter differently. Some interactions may just make small changes. If you cannot find another interaction to trigger the meter for a while, the bar will be decreased (your roommate will calm down as time
passes).e
Each level has a maximum 2 minutes playing time.
There are 7 levels in the game, represents 7 days in a week.

Each level, the location of the objects is slightly different. Your roommate’s location is also different.
You will be assigned to different objects on a different level.
In general, there are only two actions that are relevant to the game. One is to move around your character, the other one is to interact with other objects. We want to create an addictive game experience, we decide to simplify the features in
the game and reduce the learning cost of the game.
Moving around is one of the core features in the game. The player moves the mouse to change to moving direction of the character. Once the player left clicks the mouse, it moves towards the direction. There is a UI that presents the direction
that the character towards (like a compass).
Not every object in the dorm room can be interacted with. The player should figure out check different places in the room and various objects to see what is the best way to use the character to piss off the roommate. For example: If a kettle
moves closer to the laptop, it can pour the boiled water on the laptop. If it moves to the edge of the table, it will fall on the ground and make noise.
Once the meter reaches the highest point, your roommate will make an intense reaction, and scream in the room (with a funny animation). You will go to the next day (level).

Refer to the last rule: There is no way to win the game, the final score is calculated by the time you finish the level and the number of days that you succeed the level.
No losing in the game :)
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Eurozone Preliminary Manufacturing PMI rises to 46.6 in November, EUR/USD little changed
by Dhwani Mehta- Eurozone Manufacturing PMI arrives at 46.6 in November vs. 46.4 expected.
- Eurozone Services PMI arrives at 51.5 in November vs. 52.5 expected.
More to come ...


Your browser does not support the HTML5 canvas tag.
Brush Width:
Eraser
Save Local (This works)
Draw to Image (recreates lower
Clear Canvas
Download Image


I am a PhD student at Harvard University working with Hanspeter Pfister and Jeff Lichtman on connectomics. We are creating a full wiring diagram of the mammalian brain at nanometer resolution.
Prior to that, I worked with Rudolph Pienaar and Ellen Grant at Boston Children's Hospital, with Kilian Pohl at UPenn, and with Steve Pieper and Ron Kikinis at Brigham and Women's Hospital. Originally from Germany, I studied Medical Computer Science at the University of Heidelberg under Hartmut Dickhaus.
My main interests are machine learning, visualization and medical imaging. All of my work is available as open research.


Recipe - Food - Nutrition API Documentation The spoonacular Nutrition, Recipe, and Food API allows you to access over 365,000 recipes and 86,000 food products.
Go to recipe documentationRecipe and Ingredient Analysis API Documentation Zestful is the simplest way to parse recipe ingredients into beautiful JSON.
Go to recipe documentationGlobal API of nutrition data for restaurants, food manufacturers, and USDA common foods. Includes over 230K UPCs/barcodes, 100K restaurant foods, and 10,000 common foods from the USDA.
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Non-Blocking synchronization
Maurice Herlihy
Computer architecture is about to undergo,
if not another revolution, then a vigorous shaking-up. The major chip
manufacturers have, for the time being, simply given up trying to make
processors run faster. Instead, they have recently started shipping ``multicore''
architectures, in which multiple processors (cores) communicate directly
through shared hardware caches, providing increased concurrency instead
of increased clock speed. This course will cover the basics of non-blocking
synchronization in multiprocessors. We will cover the relative power
of synchronization instructions, universal non-blocking constuctins,
as well as specific wait-free, lock-free, and obstruction-free algorithms
and data structures.
Atomicity analysis for concurrent software
Shaz Qadeer
Ensuring the correctness of multithreaded programs
is difficult, due to the potential for unexpected and nondeterministic
interactions between threads. This problem has traditionally been addressed
by devising tools for detecting race conditions, a
situation where two threads simultaneously access the same data variable,
and at least one of the accesses is a write. However, verifying the
absence of such simultaneous-access race conditions is neither necessary
nor sufficient to ensure the absence of errors due to unexpected thread
interactions. Recent work has proposed a stronger non-interference
property is required, namely atomicity. Atomic methods can
be assumed to execute serially, without interleaved steps of other
threads. Thus, atomic methods are amenable to sequential reasoning
techniques, which significantly simplifies both formal and informal
reasoning about program correctness. My lectures will introduce the
atomicity specification and present various analyses for checking this
specification.
Dissecting Transactional Semantics and Implementations
Suresh Jagannathan, Jan Vitek
There has been much recent interest
in exploring the role of software transactions as an alternative concurrency
control mechanism to mutual exclusion locks. While transactions can
provide numerous benefits with respect to programmability, safety,
and performance, their semantics and implementations are necessarily
complex.
However, by carefully examining different
feature sets for software transactions, we can better understand their
utility and limitations. In this course, we will cover semantic frameworks
for software transactions, and implementations inspired by these frameworks.
Topics include issues related to atomicity, nesting, multit-threaded
transactions, and language memory models.
We will also describe how to leverage
insights from the semantics to define implementations, not only for general-purpose
concurrent programming, but also for more constrained, but equally challenging
domains. Examples will include safe software-level speculation, atomic
regions for realtime systems, and lightweight checkpointing.
Adaptive Algorithms for new Parallel Supports
Bruno RAFFIN, Jean-Louis ROCH and Denis TRYSTRAM
Today, most of the high performance computations run on new parallel and
distributed systems (clusters or grid computing). They are characterized
by new features including heterogeneity and versatility of the resources.
Some computing or communication resources evolve (they become available
or are temporary utilized by other applications). This changing context
occurs not only for the resources, but also in the application itself:
an algorithm can be modified to react to some dynamic changes. Thus,
we have to imagine mechanisms able to adapt their behaviour to changes
during the execution without slow down the running time. This talk
will investigate several ways to address this important problem of
adaptivity focusing at the middleware level.
The design, implementation, and use of java.util.concurrent
Doug Lea This short course presents the synchronization
and concurrency control constructs available since Java release 5.0.
The presentation includes the discussion of some new blocking and non-blocking
algorithms designed for this package, adaptations of others, engineering
issues that arise in their development and widespread use, and examples
of practical usages. This course will alternate between lectures and
short hands-on exercises.
Bisimulation and co-induction
Davide Sangiorgi
Bisimulation has been introduced
in Concurrency Theory as a way to establish when two processes are "the
same", i.e., undistinguishable to an external observer interacting
with them. Such a notion of undistinguishability is at the heart of
any theory of processes. The success of bisimulation is largely due
to the associated bisimulation proof method that can be used to prove
bisimilarities among processes.
Bisimulation is an instance of the
more general notion of co-induction. Nowadays, bisimulation and co-induction
are widely used, not only in Concurrency, but, more broadly, in Computer
Science, in a number of areas, including: functional languages, type
theory, data types, domains, databases, compiler optimisations, program
analysis, verification tools.
In the lectures, I will present bisimulation
and co-induction. In particular I will discuss their associated proof
method. If time permits, I will also discuss some questions and problems
that today are still unsettled.
A Theoretical Basis of Communication-Centred Programming
for Web Services
Nobuko Yoshida
This lecture introduces a formalisation
of a novel programming discipline for Web Service, based on communication-centred
specifications. This work is based on long conversations and collaborations
with W3C's working group on a description language for web services called
choreography description language (CDL). My participation in W3C's standardisationon
process started three years ago, when three pi-calculus experts (Milner,
Honda and Yoshida) were invited to the CDL WG. Our specification resulted
in a standard which will become a W3C recommendation soon. It has also
led to a new principle of programming which consists of two distinct
ways for describing communication-centric software, one centring on global
message flows and another centring on end-point behaviour, distilled
as formal calculi. The two paradigms of description share a common feature,
structured representation of communications. The global calculus originates
from CDL itself, while the local calculus is based on the pi-calculus,
one of the representative calculi for communicating processes.
The theoretical part of the lecture
will illustrate these two frameworks using simple but non-trivial examples,
present the static and dynamic semantics of the calculi, and show a
basic theory of end-point projection --- that any well-formed description
in the global calculus has a precise representation in the local calculus.
The theory is intended to be a step towards a pi-calculus-based foundation
of Web Service technologies.
X10: Computing at Scale
Vijay Saraswat
We present the design of X10,
a modern programming language intended to address the twin challenges
of high performance and high productivity on high-end computers operating
with hundreds of thousands of hardware threads. At such scales, latency
and bandwidth can vary widely across the machine, making it impractical
to support (in mainstram architectures) a programming model based on
uniform shared memory. Similarly, it does not appear that at such scales
the SPMD model can provide the needed flexibility and performance (e.g.
because of load imbalance).
X10 develops a few simple and powerful
ideas. First, like other Partitioned Global Address Space languages,
X10 abandons the notion of a monolithic address space: a *place* contains
data, together with one or more activities operating on the data. A computation
may have millions of places. Aggregate data-structures, such as multi-dimensional
arrays, may be scattered across multiple places. Second, like Cilk, X10
emphasizes asynchronous, lightweight activities (recursive parallelism)
rather than SPMD computations. An activity may spawn other activities
locally or in remote places. Data must be operated upon only by activities
in that place. Multiple activities mutating shared data may use atomic
blocks (atomic stm) to ensure that data invariants are preserved. An
activity may wait for subactivities to terminate before progressing (finish
stm). Clocks (dynamic barriers) can be created dynamically and permit
activities registered on the clock to progress determinately in coordinated
phases.
Third, X10 leverages the flexibility,
versatility and modularity of the mainstream object-oriented model. X10
may be viewed as an extension of sequential Java to support concurrency
and distribution. Fourth, the X10 design guarantees that the programmer
cannot commit large classes of errors. X10 adds to the guarantees (such
as type safety, memory safety) it inherits from Java: X10 computations
that do not use conditional atomic blocks cannot deadlock.
Taken together, these ideas provide
a very rich, scalable and yet disciplined framework for concurrent programming
over distributed datastructures. X10 covers those areas which are today
handled by a combination of OpenMP, MPI and SPMD languages. We illustrate
through several programming examples (e.g. from NAS parallel benchmarks)
and discuss implementation issues.
Acute: Type-Safe and Version-Safe Distributed Programming
Peter Sewell
This course will discuss the
main programming language design issues addressed in the Acute language,
which supports type-safe and abstraction-safe communication, rebinding
to local resources, version change, and computation mobility. This
builds on the pi calculus and on the type theory underlying ML-style
module systems, and the first part of the course will introduce the
two. |
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