If one wants to witness the distinctively styled temples of ancient Bengal, Bishnupur should not miss out one’s sight. There are around 10 temples which look artistically stunning and due to their distant location, people do not disturb the quiet ambiance. Bishnupur was the capital of the Malla dynasty for several years and under their royal patronage the town got exclusive cultural nourishment. Witnessing the art of weaving Baluchari Saree and terracotta painting are must behold attractions of Bishnupur. Bishnupur is around 34 km from Bankura.
Rasmancha with its unique Architectural manifestions was built by Bir Hamber is c. 1600 AD. The Temple stands on a raised square laterite plinth with a pyramidal superstructure. Three successive circumblatory galleries, The arches of which are decorated with terracotta lotus motifs, Enclose the sanctum of the shrine. During the Malla Regime, all the images from the neighboring temples were brought at the time of RAS Festival and displayed in the galleries for the public. Its parallel has not been found elsewhere in India and it may be considered as the pride of Bishnupur for its unique shape
3.8 metre in length ,thisartillery cannon is second largest cannon in west bengal after jahan kosha in murshidabad. The largest cannon is however in the bangladesh. the cannon was used by the mallarajas to prevent borgi attack in bengal.
Shyam Rai Temple is an example of the Pancha Ratna (meaning five gems) architecture. The gems in this temple are the four small towers and one main tower that build the Temple. The four towers are situated on the four corners and the highest tower is in the middle. The curved ceiling of the Temple is influenced by Islamic architecture which cannot be seen in any other temple. The temple was built by Raghunatha Singha in the year 1643 A.D and has beautiful terracotta sculptures on walkways depicting various scenes from Ramayana, Krishna Leela and Mahabharata. Other subjects include royal hunting sights, musicians and dancers. All these sculptures and carvings are done with such intricateness that they look lively. Do not miss the sculptures which depict the Rasamandala in the Krishna Leela and the dancing Gopis – they truthfully are astonishing. The architecture of this Temple is unique in its own way and is one of the highest prioritized monuments of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
HOME


SUMOBOT - Course TEJ3MI (Computer Engineering Robotics)
Welcome to Computer Engineering TechnologyThis course extends students' understanding of computer systems and computer interfacing with external devices. Students will assemble computer systems by installing and configuring appropriate hardware and software, and will learn more about fundamental concepts of electronics, robotics, programming, and networks. Students will examine related environmental and societal issues, and will explore postsecondary pathways leading to careers in computer technology.
Learning SkillsSkills Canada - Course TEJ4MI (Computer Engineering Robotics)
Welcome to Computer Engineering Technology
This course extends students' understanding of computer systems and computer interfacing with external devices. Students will assemble computer systems by installing and configuring appropriate hardware and software, and will learn more about fundamental concepts of electronics, robotics, programming, and networks. Students will examine related environmental and societal issues, and will explore postsecondary pathways leading to careers in computer technology.
Learning Skills
Tools
Softwarehttp://wpilib.screenstepslive.com/s/4485/m/13810/l/145002-installing-eclipse-c-java
2702 Rebels QR (Quick Response) Code to open our website from your mobile devices.


Our workteam focus on quality software products; through process optimizations and best practices. We help our clients to achieve their business needs.
We specialize in web applications and web services, this means we have a lot of experience with technologies such as Javascript (frontend/backend), Websockets, WebRTC, local search engine implementation/optimization.
We're a devoted software development team, who love challenges as well as working close to our clients.
My motivation is to keep learning how to apply new paradigms and technologies on development of professional software focused on users needs.
SkillsOne can work harder, but not much more , but you can be more productive. It 's not about working harder, but smarter. And that is done with technology.
SkillsI’m a devoted Software developer who loves implementing technology solutions. Specialised as an Invoice and billing Systems Consultant and experienced cross platform developer.
SkillsSoftware developer specialized in .Net solutions and Invoicing Web Services, SQL Server Management, And complex Systems designer.
SkillsManage, plan, analize, design and evaluate evaluate informatic systems to operate, control and take strategic desicion taking.
SkillsWebservices Payment Gateway(2 party/3 party) Meteor Spring Android
Agile Git SCRUM
Docker Linux Server Administration Express
Jquery
HTML / CSS
SASS / LESS
UX / UI
Angular
Bootstrap /
Flexbox /
Materialize
Meterial Design
Ruby / Ruby on Rails
Tailored software development JIRA
Scrum agile development Git TFS Teamwork Jira Fogbugz
Webservices(SOAP) Payment Gateway (2 party / 3 party) NodeJs Meteor DevOps Webservices(REST) Spring
Tailored software development
Webservices(ASPX) NodeJs REST
teamwork agile development
Team Foundtion Server Active Directory Search engine implementation (Apache Solr, Elastic Search) IIS SQL / NoSQL
Jquery HTML / CSS SASS / UX / UI Angular Bootstrap Materialize
SQL / NoSQL Hadoop Hive Impala
Besides loving working with computers, we're thrilled to keep a close contact with our clients along the development process as well as post-production feedback. Down below are some examples, feel free to click on any slide to see more info:


Login de Admin
E-Mail
Email e inválido
Senha
Password is required
Show
Password is required
Show
Password is required
Mostrar
Password is required
Lembre-se de mim
Login


LIFE IS TO WHISTLE (Vida es silbar, La) (director/writer: Fernando Perez; screenwriters: Humberto Jimenez/ Eduardo Del Llano; cinematographer: Paul Perez Ureta; editor: Julia Yip; cast: Luis Alberto Garcia (Elpidio Valdes), Coralia Veloz (Julia), Claudia Rojas (Mariana), Bebe Perez (Bebe), Isabel Santos (Chrissy), Joan Manuel Reyes (Ismael), Rolando Brito (Dr. Fernando), 1998-Cuba)
Reviewed by Dennis Schwartz
A modern day comedy taking place in Havana, Cuba, that is laced with supernatural implications, as it is directed with artful flourishes by Fernando Perez. In the pulsating background, capturing the whimsical mood of those who live in Havana, is the staccato music of Bola de Nieve and Benny More. But the film suffers greatly in making every single thing that happens pertain to a heavy-handed metaphorical symbol. The hallucinatory story, as a result, is dumbed-down, so much so, that it loses whatever strength and vision it might have had.
The three main characters, whose story is linked through the orphanage, and one of them even has a mother named Cuba, that is, in case you don't get that their stories are metaphors about the economic and political situation in Communist Cuba. These three Cubans internalize their personal struggles and strivings for happiness, as the film intersects their tales by cutting from one character to the next, which makes all their stories seem fuzzy. The three will eventually meet on Saint Barbara's Day, December 4, in the Revolutionary Square, to see what their fate is.
The film is playfully narrated by the 18-year-old Bebe (Bebe Perez) as if she was a teenage Guardian Angel to the three, who is seen in her narration in different locations and even underwater. Why she is the narrator, is not clear, but she was an orphan with two of the other characters and learned to whistle before she could speak, which upset her teachers.
The film opens with a quote from John Lennon: Life is what happens to you while you are busy doing other things. The film is heavy with quotes like that one, as if these cute little slogans can really explain life in Cuba.
The only one of the three stories that I found bearable, was about the slender and attractive Mariana (Claudia Rojas). She is a promiscuous ballerina. She is so interested in getting the starring part in Giselle, that she makes a vow of chastity with God, that if she gets the part, she will never sleep with another man.
She gets the part, and her dance partner is a dream come true, Ismael (Joan Manuel Reyes). This leaves her in a tormented state, as he can't understand why they don't make love, as she puts everything into the dance and becomes Giselle, but is frustrated that she can't be with him.
Elpidio Valdes (Luis Alberto Garcia), a scrappy young musician, scam artist, and fisherman, abandoned by his mother Cuba, who is wracked with guilt because he hasn't lived up to her expectations of him. He even has a tattoo on his back shoulder telling of his love for his mother. Elpidio's chance to change comes when he steals money from the bag of a tourist, Chrissy (Isabel Santos), a Greenpeace worker with a shaved head, who comes into Cuba in a hot-air balloon. He returns the bag with all her credit cards but without the money and the two carry on a hot affair, as he brings her fish every day to keep the romance going. When she is about to leave, she tells him she will be back in a month to see him or he can leave with her now to the United States. We know he has changed for sure, when he burns out his tattoo for his mother, and tells her that he stole her money.
The most trite tale, is of Julia (Coralia Veloz), a middle-aged do-gooder, the disconsolate social aid to the elderly, who is subject to fits of yawning and fainting spells set off by the word "sex." Taken by her friend to consult a psychiatrist, she uncovers a traumatic love affair in her past, which she has repressed for the last twenty years. The filmmaker gives Freud the importance of someone just being discovered and repeating his theories as if they were fresh instead of the cliches they have become to the Western world.
The film lost its focus and painted an artificially whimsical picture of Cuba, that was hardly relevant or enlightening. Whatever pleaure there was in the film, came from its splendid ballet numbers, the beautiful artistic framing of its shots, and its bouncy music. But that was outweighed by how it was weighed down from its symbolism.
REVIEWED ON 5/25/99 GRADE: C-
Dennis Schwartz: "Ozus' World Movie Reviews"
http://www.sover.net/~ozus
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>© ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DENNIS SCHWARTZ
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Question
17.1 Explain what happens, step by step, after you type a URL into a browser Use as much detail as possible.
Short Answer
- Browser contacts the DNS server to find the IP address of URL
- DNS returns back the IP address of the site
- Browser opens TCP connection to the web server at port 80
- The browser sends a GET request to the server, asking for the file
- Browser fetches the html code
- Browser renders the HTML in the display window
- Browser terminates the connection when window is closed
More Details
Phase 1:
- browser checks cache; if requested object is in cache and is fresh, skip to Phase 3 #4
- browser asks OS for server’s IP address
- OS makes a DNS lookup and replies the IP address to the browser
- browser opens a TCP connection to server (this step is much more complex with HTTPS)
- browser sends the HTTP request through TCP connection
Phase 2:
- That computer receives the HTTP request from the TCP/IP connection and passes it to the web server program.
- Web server reads the hostname and path and finds or generates the data that you’ve asked for.
- Web server generates an HTTP response containing that data.
- Web server sends that HTTP response back down the TCP/IP connection to your machine.
Phase 3:
- browser receives HTTP response and may close the TCP connection, or reuse it for another request
- browser checks if the response is a redirect (3xx result status codes), authorization request (401), error (4xx and 5xx), etc.; these are handled differently from normal responses (2xx)
- if cacheable, response is stored in cache
- browser decodes response (e.g. if it’s gzipped)
- browser determines what to do with response (e.g. is it a HTML page, is it an image, is it a sound clip?)
- browser renders response, or offers a download dialog for unrecognized types
Miscellaneous:
Each domain name server is divided into zones A single server may only be responsible for knowing the host names and IP addresses for a small subset of a zone, but DNS servers can work together to map all domain names to their IP addresses That means if one domain name server is unable to find the IP addresses of a requested domain then it requests the information from other domain name servers
The firewall will control connections to & from your computer. For the most part it will just be controlling who can connect to your computer and on what ports. For web browsing your firewall generally won’t be doing a whole lot.
Your router essentially guides your request through the network, helping the packets get from computer to computer and potentially doing some NAT (Network Address Tranlator) to translate IP addresses along the way (so your internat LAN request can be transitioned onto the wider internet and back).
Even more
An even more detailed article can be found here. And a __great step-by-step example using facebook.com can be found here.


|
1-Wire API for .NET Version 4.00
|
Inherited by SHADebit, SHADebitUnsigned, and SHASoftAuth.
Public Member Functions | |
| int | getLastError () |
| int | getLastCoprError () |
| abstract boolean | setupTransactionData (SHAiButtonUser user) throws OneWireException, OneWireIOException |
| abstract boolean | verifyUser (SHAiButtonUser user) throws OneWireException, OneWireIOException |
| abstract boolean | verifyTransactionData (SHAiButtonUser user) throws OneWireException, OneWireIOException |
| abstract boolean | executeTransaction (SHAiButtonUser user, boolean verifySuccess) throws OneWireException, OneWireIOException |
| abstract boolean | setParameter (int type, int param) |
| abstract int | getParameter (int type) |
| abstract void | resetParameters () |
Protected Member Functions | |
| SHATransaction () | |
| SHATransaction (SHAiButtonCopr copr) | |
Protected Attributes | |
| int | lastError |
| The last error that occurred during this transaction. | |
| SHAiButtonCopr | copr |
| The coprocessor used to complete this transaction. | |
Static Package Attributes | |
| static final boolean | DEBUG = false |
| Turns on extra debugging for all SHATransactions. |
Abstract super class for all SHA Transactions. Typical SHA transactions might be something like an account debit application, a door access control system, or a web-based authentication servlet. The SHATransaction
super class contains the bare minimum functionality necessary for the steps involved in most SHA transaction applications.
The first characteristic of a SHA Transaction is that it is tied to an immutable SHAiButtonCopr
, used for data signing and recreating user authentication responses. The SHA Transaction guarantees an interface for initializing account transaction data (setupTransactionData
), verifying that the transaction data has not been tampered with (verifyTransactionData
), performing the transaction and updating the data (executeTransaction
), and validating a user with a challenge-response authentication protocol (verifyUser
).
In addition, all transactions are characterized by certain parameters (i.e. how much to debit from the user or what level of access is being requested from the system). The interface for retrieving and setting these parameters is provided through the generic getParameter
and setParameter
.
| SHATransaction | ( | ) | [protected] |
User applications should not instantiate this class without an instance of a coprocessor.
| SHATransaction | ( | SHAiButtonCopr | copr | ) | [protected] |
Creates a new SHATransaction, ensuring that reference to the coprocessor is saved and the errors are cleared.
| abstract boolean executeTransaction | ( | SHAiButtonUser | user, |
| boolean | verifySuccess | ||
| ) | throws OneWireException, OneWireIOException [pure virtual] |
Performs the transaction. For any given transaction type, this step would involve updating any necessary account data, signing the account data using the coprocessor's system signing secret, and writing the updated account data to the user iButton
Implemented in SHADebit, SHADebitUnsigned, and SHASoftAuth.
| int getLastCoprError | ( | ) |
Returns the error code for the last error in the transaction process.
| int getLastError | ( | ) |
Returns the error code for the last error in the transaction process.
| abstract int getParameter | ( | int | type | ) | [pure virtual] |
Retrieves the value of a particular parameter for this transaction. Parameters are specified in the class documentation for the specific type of transaction that is being peformed.
Implemented in SHADebit, SHADebitUnsigned, and SHASoftAuth.
| abstract void resetParameters | ( | ) | [pure virtual] |
Resets the value of all parameters for this transaction. Parameters are specified in the class documentation for the specific type of transaction that is being peformed.
Implemented in SHADebit, SHADebitUnsigned, and SHASoftAuth.
| abstract boolean setParameter | ( | int | type, |
| int | param | ||
| ) | [pure virtual] |
Sets a particular parameter for this transaction. Parameters are specified in the class documentation for the specific type of transaction that is being peformed.
Implemented in SHADebit, SHADebitUnsigned, and SHASoftAuth.
| abstract boolean setupTransactionData | ( | SHAiButtonUser | user | ) | throws OneWireException, OneWireIOException [pure virtual] |
Setups initial transaction data on SHAiButtonUser. This step creates the account data file, signs it with the coprocessor, and writes it to the iButton.
Implemented in SHADebit, SHADebitUnsigned, and SHASoftAuth.
| abstract boolean verifyTransactionData | ( | SHAiButtonUser | user | ) | throws OneWireException, OneWireIOException [pure virtual] |
Verifies account data is valid for this service. The user's account data is recreated on the coprocessor and signed using the system signing secret. If the recreated signature matches the signature in the account data, the account data is valid.
Implemented in SHADebit, SHADebitUnsigned, and SHASoftAuth.
| abstract boolean verifyUser | ( | SHAiButtonUser | user | ) | throws OneWireException, OneWireIOException [pure virtual] |
Verifies that SHAiButtonUser is a valid user of this service. This step writes a three byte challenge to the SHAiButtonUser before doing an authenticated read of the account data. The returned MAC is verified using the system authentication secret on the coprocessor. If the MAC matches that generated by the coprocessor, this function returns true.
Implemented in SHADebit, SHADebitUnsigned, and SHASoftAuth.


@* * This template takes a single argument, a String containing a * message to display. *@ @(messages: play.i18n.Messages) @* * Call the `main` template with two arguments. The first * argument is a `String` with the title of the page, the second * argument is an `Html` object containing the body of the page. *@ @main("Welcome to Play") { @* * Get an `Html` object by calling the built-in Play welcome * template and passing a `String` message. *@


Leadership
INDUS at UCLA, Finance Director (May 2017 - May 2018)
- In charge of funding and budgeting for various large-scale events held on campus that attract up to 800 students.
- Singlehandedly raised $4000 for the first UC-wide South Asian Conference that included delegates from 9 other UC campuses; Organized first South Asian Art Week on campus that included artists from around LA.
Beautiful Mind Project, Outreach Director (May 2017 - May 2018)
- Responsible for maintaining contact with affiliated organizations and increasing awareness of BMP resources towards UCLA community that is 45000 students large.
- In charge of working with UCLA Counselling and Psychological services to increase culturally competent resources for mental health.


NOBODY'S FOOL A film review by Chad Polenz Copyright 1997 Chad Polenz
*** (out of 4 = good) 1994, R, 110 minutes [1 hour, 40 minutes] [drama] starring: Paul Newman (Donald "Sully" Sullivan), Dylan Walsh (Peter Sullivan), Bruce Willis (Carl Roebuck), Jessica Tandy (Miss Beryl), Melanie Griffith (Toby Roebuck), produced by Scott Rudin, Arlene Donovan, written and directed by Robert Benton, based on the novel by Richard Russo.
The problem with making films based on novels is that the films tend to have a "novel" mood to them. They often seem more like actors reading straight from the book and not feature films. "Nobody's Hero" does an excellent job in capturing the essence of a "Great American Novel," but does this necessarily make for a great film?
The story opens just before Thanksgiving in North Bath, N.Y., a small town in the mountains covered in snow. We meet Donald "Sully" Sullivan (Newman), and old-timer who is the town wiseass and the local mooch. He lives with Miss Beryl (Tandy), an elderly woman, and is trying to sue his (former) employer, Carl Roebuck (Willis) and his Tip Top Construction company, for injuries he sustained from "work-related duties."
Sully seems to be desperate for cash in any way he can get it. He vows he will never work again, yet he can't help but go back and ask for something to do. Roebuck is a no-nonsense guy and knows Sully is a good worker, but also a slacker. Roebuck cheats on his wife but doesn't try too hard to keep it a secret. Whenever Sully and Toby Roebuck (Griffith) see each other they talk about how they should get back at Carl by having an affair of their own.
Right away the film has that "novel" atmosphere to it, where all the characters are representations of classic personalities and themes. The problem is they are portrayed in such a way the film almost assumes we can understand and relate to the characters and the events, especially when it comes to the relationship between Sully and Toby.
Sully meets his adult son Peter (Walsh), whom he hasn't seen since he left his family when Peter was a child. Sully can't explain why he did it, and he doesn't expect Peter to forgive him either. A pretty interesting relationship begins to unfold between the two as they start to get to know each other. They actually become close friends, which is quite interesting to watch.
Peter and his wife have a fight which causes her to leave and take one of the kids with her. So Peter and Sully start to work together, scavenging pieces of an old house in which Sully grew up in. The chemistry between Walsh and Newman is great, they really do seem like father and son even though they are just getting to know each other. We also see Sully taking care of his grandchild, and Peter asks why he cares, to which Sully replies, "Well, I gotta start somewhere."
Not much else happens in terms of plot. There is a subplot about a prospective amusement park to be built near the town, but it has little to do with the relationships between the characters. In the end Sully has grown and matured, but he is still basically the same (the more things change the more they stay the same).
So a typical novel has been made into a rather typical movie, but a pretty good movie nevertheless. It certainly is interesting to see how these small towns operate and to watch these characters interact with each other. "Nobody's Fool" is a good movie about American life in a manner we don't see that much.
please visit Chad'z Movie Page @ http://members.aol.com/ChadPolenz
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


We are unable to provide travel reimbursements for McHacks this year. No exceptions will be granted.
All undergraduate and high school students are welcome! If you are under 18, we’ll need a parental consent form.
Your student ID, laptop, phone, chargers, some sleeping equipment like pillows and sleeping bags (we’ll be providing air mattresses).
Registration will take place at the SSMU building (University Centre, 3480 McTavish St, Montreal, QC H3A 0E7). Out-of-town check-in begins at 9:00 am, and local check-in begins at 9:30 am.
We’ll be sending buses to Toronto, Waterloo, and Boston. You can take the Via Rail to Montreal Central Station, a short walk from McGill campus. You can also take the Montreal metro to Peel station, our closest stop.
If we have extra spots available, we will post on our Facebook page in the late morning (around 10:30-11AM). While we wish we could have each and every applicant at McHacks, we were unfortunately unable to book Hilbert’s Infinite Hotel this year.
Of course, it’s not necessary to have a team prior to McHacks! We’ll have a fun team-forming session where you can find an awesome group of people to work with. Teams are welcome to have up to four people.
McHacks is completely free! We’ll be providing food, drink, wi-fi, and lots of awesome swag.
No, participants should not be working on their projects before McHacks nor be developing pre-existing projects during the hackathon.
Parking is available at the McIntyre Garage (3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1). Rates are a max of $10.00 between 6:00 am and midnight on weekends.
Contact us fb: McHacks on Facebook


|
||||||||||
| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
| Class Summary | |
| AbstractAttributeMap | Helper Map implementation for use with different Attribute Maps. |
| ApplicationMap |
PortletContext attributes as a Map. |
| EnumerationIterator | Code borrowed from myfaces. |
| FacesContextFactoryImpl |
Loads the PortletFacesContextImpl
|
| FacesPortlet | FacesPortlet utilizes Java Server Faces to create the user interface in a portlet environment. |
| InitParameterMap |
PortletContext init parameters as Map. |
| NullEnumeration | Enumeration without elements |
| NullIterator | Iterator without elements. |
| PortletExternalContextImpl | JSF 1.0 PRD2, 6.1.1 |
| PortletFacesContextImpl | See MyFaces project for servlet implementation. |
| PortletUIViewRoot | A portlet view root that implements a naming container to creates unique client ids. |
| PortletViewHandlerImpl | View handler for JSF portlet bridge. |
| RequestHeaderMap | This must be the set of properties available via the javax.portlet.PortletRequest methods getProperty() and getPropertyNames(). |
| RequestHeaderValuesMap | This must be the set of properties available via the javax.portlet.PortletRequest methods getProperties() and getPropertyNames(). |
| RequestMap | PortletRequest attributes Map. |
| RequestParameterMap | PortletRequest parameters as Map. |
| RequestParameterValuesMap | PortletRequest multi-value parameters as Map. |
| ServletCookieMap | |
| ServletCookieMap.CookieNameEnumeration | |
| ServletExternalContextImpl | |
| ServletFacesContextImpl | |
| ServletRequestHeaderMap | This must be the set of properties available via the javax.portlet.PortletRequest methods getProperty() and getPropertyNames(). |
| ServletRequestHeaderValuesMap | HttpServletRequest header values (multi-value headers) as Map of String[]. |
| ServletRequestMap | PortletRequest attributes Map. |
| SessionMap | Session attibutes as Map. |
|
||||||||||
| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |


The method below is a helper utility for unit testing (and for that matter is used only for unit testing) to compare 2 value wrapped in IElement (Enterprise Core Objects).
private static bool CheckOclEqual(IElement expectedElement, IElement actualElement) { if (expectedElement == null && actualElement == null) return true; if (expectedElement == null) return false; if (actualElement == null) return false; object o1 = expectedElement.AsObject; object o2 = actualElement.AsObject; if (o1 == null && o2 == null) return true; if (o1 != null) return o1.Equals(o2); if (o2 != null) return o2.Equals(o1); throw new ApplicationException("Implementation bug: Invalid logic in this method."); }
Do you see this “Implementation bug: Invalid logic in this method.”. Now, do you see the ApplicationException? That is ridiculous!
If I would ever get this exception i would think: System found a bug for me. It must be AI.

I cannot live without TDD at all. "Stressed? Write a test!".
The thing I like the most is that after writing set of tests for a feature, making them pass I finally come to implementing UI. It turns out to be as easy as hooking up UI elements together with newly implemented and well tested functionality.
No logic there (except some obvious things). After that, the application with a new feature "just works".
Haven't really came to BDD. It really looks like another view on TDD doing pretty much the same job but using different ideology.
Though, I don't think that 3-yr old code can be considered 'your' code.
It's code of other person, you have been this person 4 yr before.
And yes - tools are good. Reshaper helped you, or whatever. I'm now crazy about TDD and BDD - tried this in a little learning project, and, damn, I like the way it works.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load static %} {% block content %}
Biology is complex. Even the simplest organisms such as M. genitalium are amazingly complex, containing hundreds of genes and an untold number of molecular interactions. Humans beings are unimaginably complex. Humans have all of the complexity of individual cells as well as the complexity of tissues, organs, and entire organisms.
Despite decades of experimental and computational research, we still don't have an integrated understanding of how phenotypes emerge from the level of individual molecules. Novel computational techniques which integrate heterogeneous data and mathematics are desperately needed to tackle the overwhelming complexity of biology.
Our goal is to understand and reverse engineer the complexity of biology to enable (1) personalized and predictive medicine and (2) rational bioengineering. As a stepping stone in this direction, we've recently focused on two specific questions:
Our approach is to develop comprehensive computational models, and to compare model predictions to experimental data. We believe these models are essential to reverse engineering biology. Achieving these models requires substantial innovation:


Stay up to date with ecommerce trends
with Shopify's newsletter
Subscribe for free marketing tips
Interested In...
Real Estate Tips
Online Market Tips
Advertising and Managing Tips
Everything/Anything
Please enter a valid email address
Unsubscribe


{% extends "base.html" %} {% comment %} Copyright 2010 Google Inc. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. {% endcomment %} {% load i18n %} {% block content %}
{% if person.is_original %} {% blocktrans %} If you proceed with deletion, this record will no longer be searchable or viewable on this site. {% endblocktrans %} {% else %} {% blocktrans with person.source_name|default:person.source_url as source_name and person.source_url as source_url %} This record is a copy of a record from another source. You can delete the record here, but please be aware that we might later receive another copy of it from the original source.
If you would like it permanently deleted, please contact the original source. You can view the original record at {{source_name}}. {% endblocktrans %} {% endif %} {% blocktrans %}You can view the record before deleting it.{% endblocktrans %}


Cookies
This application puts small files (known as ‘cookies’) on to your computer.
These cookies are used to:
- Link your browser session to your login
How cookies are used
Session cookies
We store session cookies on your computer to help keep your information secure while you use the service.
| Name | Purpose | Expires |
|---|---|---|
| session | Stores encrypted session data | When you close your browser |


From a team of passionate Salesmen working side-by-side with competent warehouse workers who load your products into delivery trucks so you can get your paper correctly and on time.
Are your paper needs extreme to the point you are spending too much of your time placing orders? Well now you are in luck, for a small fee we can assign you a Personal Paper Liaison who can help you with all of your orders if need be. This person will be on call and on top of whatever you need them to be.
Once you become one of our clients we will make sure that we have what you need before you need it. We assure you that you will always be satisfied and content with our arrangements.
We have our own delivery trucks and never count on outside help as we like to take responsibility for everything we provide. We deliver when its most convenient for you. Late night deliveries now available as well!


An article published Wednesday by Chinese researchers in the journal Nature confirmed the discovery of LB-1, a black hole about 15,000 light years away with a mass 70 times greater than that of our sun, or more than three times as massive as researchers previously thought possible.
“Black holes of such mass should not even exist in our galaxy, according to most of the current models of stellar evolution,” Liu Jifeng, who led the team, said in the article, adding, “Now theorists will have to take up the challenge of explaining its formation.”
According to CNN, LB-1 is not the biggest black hole ever discovered, but it could potentially be the largest of its kind.


Device Orientation & Motion
Absolute (reference to the Earth's coordinate frame) :
absolute
Alpha (Z-Axis Rotation) :
alpha
Beta (X-Axis Rotation) :
beta
Gamma (Y-Axis Rotation) :
gamma
Acceleration Gravity X :
agx
Acceleration Gravity Y :
agy
Acceleration Gravity Z :
agz
Rate of Rotation (Z-Axis) :
malpha
Rate of Rotation (X-Axis) :
mbeta
Rate of Rotation (Y-Axis) :
mgamma
Rate/Interval at which data is getting obtained :
interval


--- layout: default title: Home ---
Introduction to theory and practice of statistics: Collecting data: Sampling, observational and experimental studies. Organizing data: Univariate and bivariate tables and graphs, histograms. Describing data: Measures of location, spread, and correlation. Theory: Probability, random variables; binomial and normal distributions. Drawing conclusions from data: Confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, z-tests, t-tests, and chi-square tests; one-way analysis of variance. Regression and non-parametric methods.
gsancheztrujillo at peralta.edu
(see )


#GDPR Notice: This GDPR privacy notice is included in our Privacy Policy and applies to the personal data, as defined in the GDPR, of natural persons located in the European Economic Area (“EEA Individuals” or “you”) processed by OptDyn or Subutai. Other terms not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the OptDyn and Subutai Privacy Policy or, if not defined herein or in the Privacy Policy, the GDPR. To the extent of any conflict between this Notice and the OptDyn and Subutai Privacy Policy, this Notice shall control only with respect to EEA Individuals and their personal data. If you are located elsewhere, please see our Privacy Policy.
Recipients
Our engineering and marketing teams process Site Visitor information internally via OptDyn.com and Subutai.io sites. In addition to usernames and email addresses registered on the Subutai Bazaar, email information is also disclosed to the following:
#Privacy Policy: Your privacy is very important to us. We won’t use or disclose your Personal Information to anyone outside of OptDyn and Subutai.
OptDyn controls and operates its business from within the United States of America. Our online privacy practices are governed by the laws of the United States of America and the State of Delaware, which may differ from privacy laws in your state or home country. We may change our privacy policy, so please review this page periodically, as your continued use of the OptDyn.com and Subutai.io Websites after we publish any changes indicates your acceptance of any changed terms.
By linking to OptDyn.com and Subutai.io through any social networking or third-party sites, applications, or services, you are bound by the privacy policy of the social network or third-party site, application, or service. We do not control, nor are responsible for the privacy practices of such sites. You should consult the privacy policy of such sites to determine the information practices of those sites.
This English-language Privacy Policy is the official statement of Subutai.io’s online privacy practices. In the event of any inconsistency between this English-language Privacy Policy and its translation into another language, this English-language document prevails.
Terms of Use: PLEASE READ THESE TERMS OF USE (“TERMS”) CAREFULLY BEFORE USING ANY OF THE OPTDYN.COM AND SUBUTAI.IO WEBSITES, APPLICATIONS, ONLINE PROGRAMS, DOCUMENTATION, SOFTWARE, CONTACT FORMS, COMMUNITY FORUMS, AND CONTENT AVAILABLE IN OR THROUGH THEM.  IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ANY OF THESE TERMS, DO NOT ACCESS OR USE ANY OF THEM.
These Terms constitute an agreement between OptDyn and its affiliates (collectively “OptDyn”, “Subutai”, “we”, or “us”) and you. We recommend that you print out a copy of these Terms for your records.
PLEASE NOTE THAT THESE TERMS CONTAIN PROVISIONS THAT GOVERN THE RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES BETWEEN US AND YOU AND LIMIT OUR LIABILITY TO YOU.
Cookies: We do not use cookies for any purpose other than for session optimization that includes load balancing and analytics.
To understand how third-party social media sites use information about your activities on our Website and the Internet, please read their respective Terms of Use and Privacy Policies.


1
Wrong!
2
3
4
Gazillions!
Squillions!
Billions!
Some unknown $$!
It’s currently free at the point of service
Correct!


Please feel free to take a tour of our gallery. Get a glimpse of the excellent workmanship our tradesmen provide.


A responsive landing page for marketing art and design products
Project with details of fisherman that left to work in the sea
Project modeled with Python for bookstore implementation
A real state agent website built using Wordpress
Python web API to centralize errors that come from different ipv4 addresses
Game built with HTML5-Canvas, CSS3 and Javascript


N Korea’s Kim supervises air drills for 2nd time in three days
North Korea’s leader Kim Jong Un supervised air force drills for the second time in three days, state media reported on Monday, even as the United States and South Korea decided to postpone their joint air exercises.
According to Pyongyang’s official KCNA news agency, Kim supervised an airborne landing training of sharpshooter sub-units of the Air and Anti-Aircraft Force of the North Korean army, Reuters reports.
Kim “said that it is necessary to wage a drill without notice under the simulated conditions of real war” for “improving the preparedness” of North Korean military units, KCNA said.
Earlier, on Saturday, KCNA had reported that Kim watched a “combat flight contest” of the flight commanding officers of the Air and Anti-Aircraft Force. A photo in state newspaper Rodong Sinmun showed him smiling amid pilots gathered around him.
It was unclear when Kim oversaw these events, or whether it was on the same day, Reuters noted.
The announcements came even as the US and South Korea said on Sunday that they will postpone upcoming military drills, known as the Combined Flying Training Event, in an effort to bolster stalled peace push with North Korea.
Thee drills, already planned to be scaled back from previous years, would have simulated air combat scenarios and involved an undisclosed number of warplanes from both the US and South Korea to test readiness.
– Contact us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>RC


Undergraduate
CIS Dept. Transfer Credits
Transfer Credit for CISC101 is rarely given
CISC101 counts as a "group D" Math/Science credit for Arts and Science majors. Therefore, there is a "very high bar" for transfer credit for CISC101. To evaluate whether your course can be transferred as CISC101, a course description is not sufficient, and even a syllabus (if it is only a high level description) may not be enough. There needs to be clear and convincing evidence (e.g. sample homework assignments, exams) that the course went beyond simple applications such as MS Word, Excel and Powerpoint, and also included Math/Science content such as:
- digital representation of various kinds of information
- computer organization (sample topics: CPU, RAM, volatile vs. non-volatile storage)
- simple programming (e.g. in BASIC, JavaScript)
Most courses at other institutions do not meet these criteria, and even if they do, it is often difficult for students to gather and present sufficient evidence for us to be able to accept CISC101 for transfer.
However, if you feel that you can gather this evidence, contact the faculty member responsible for reevaluating transfer credits by email. (Right now that is Daniel Chester; his email address is User Name: chester and Domain Name: cis.udel.edu.) In your email:
- Put CISC101 transfer credit in the subject line.
- Include a list of the evidence you have that the course you took contains sufficient math and science content as indicated above.
- Include several times over the next week when you would be available for an appointment.
Transfer credit for courses other than CISC101:
If you are requesting transfer credit for a CIS course other than CISC101 often the CIS Department part can be handled by email.
Send an email to User Name: chester and Domain Name: cis.udel.edu containing the following:
- Your full name (first middle last). Do NOT send your SSN (repeat...NO SSNs!)
- Name of school where you took the course
- Name/Number of the course you took
- When you took the course
- If known: what course you want to transfer it in to UD as.
- If you can find a web link to the course description from the other school, that is very helpful.


🎧Music Producer & Rapper🎤
✨Rim'k✨
Technology
- Iphone 12 for vlogging and connecting with fans, Macbook Pro 16"
- High proficient and user of latest technology
- High speed Internet rooter for vlogging while on studio
User Stories
- Rim'k is a French rapper who likes to be always up to date with other rappers production, He also likes to keep in touch with his fans from allover the world since He always reacts and comments back to their comments
Frustrations
- Slow server and not being able to check his blogging page faster
- Glitches that occurred to his page every once in a
- People who are criticising him just to criticise
- People who post hate and racism reviews or comments
- Biased comments
- Uploading a HD video then it appears with low quality when fans watch it
- Poor website maintenance and outdated design
User Stories
- As a registered user, I want to be able to ban abusive users
- As a paying user, I need to see some frequently web maintenance
- As content maker user, I need to be able to monetize my contents
- As a public figure, I want my personal information hidden as I need


@import cricket.controllers.CricketMatchPage @(page: CricketMatchPage)(implicit request: RequestHeader)


The chlorophyll-binding subunits of photosystems I and II are internal antenna light-harvesting proteins of oxygenic photosynthesis. The antenna proteins that exist in phycobilisomes in cyanobacteria and light-harvesting chlorophyll protein complexes in green plants act as peripheral antenna systems, enabling more efficient absorption of light energy.


Get Molina Healthcare Logo Images. Greenwood from molina healthcare of utah and idaho and hear what inspired him to become a family medicine physician. Molina healthcare's mission is to provide quality health services to financially vulnerable families and individuals covered by government programs.
Molina healthcare logo requests | enrollinsurance blog. Molina healthcare vector logo in ai vector format for adobe illustrator, corel draw and others vector editors (win/mac/linux). Download the vector logo of the molina healthcare brand designed by in adobe® illustrator® format.
Posted by admin in logo fonts | no comments.
It operates through the health the stock price of molina healthcare, a managed care company best known for its health. Molina healthcare's mission is to provide quality health services to financially vulnerable families and individuals covered by government programs. 845 x 321 jpeg 181 кб. Download the molina healthcare logo vector file in ai format (adobe illustrator) designed by unkown.


Sign In
THE PRIME GUIDE FOR FREE EBOOKS.
FIND YOUR NEXT BEST BOOK!
START READING
" did you mean "
" ? "


[gecode-users] About the parallel conditional combinator in Gecol
Christian Schulte
cschulte at kth.se
Wed May 7 11:26:03 CEST 2008
Hi,
There is in principle no problem with a non-deterministic construct in
Gecode: the point is that the full reduction of the construct must be
monotonic. This is no different for parallel conditionals in Mozart, say.
I don't feel right now that an ask combinator is of sufficient general
interest to be included in Gecode. We are quite conservative to include new
stuff into Gecode (basically, there should be an application that needs it).
If others think otherwise, please make yourself heard.
Cheers
Christian
--
Christian Schulte, www.ict.kth.se/~cschulte/
From: users-bounces at gecode.org [mailto:users-bounces at gecode.org] On Behalf
Of Mauricio Toro
Sent: Monday, May 05, 2008 6:33 PM
To: gecode at gecode.org; users at gecode.org
Subject: [gecode-users] About the parallel conditional combinator in Gecol
Hello all,
How are you doing?
I know that Gecode is not made for concurrent constraint programming
and there are not combinators in Gecode. But, since the ask
propagator worked very good. Now I am interested in writting
the parallel conditional combinator in Gecode. Not necessary
as a combinator, but I need something with this semantic:
Non deterministically choose
if Boolean var 1 then Process 1
if Boolean var 2 then Process 2
if Boolean var n then Process n
end
>From the n variables, I want to execute choose one process
between the variables which value is assigned true.
Since, it is not possible to write non-monotonic propagators in
Gecode, what can I do?
I tried doing the choice, after I reach a fix-point, but what happens
if I have many of this non-deterministic choices?
It is required to write it this using Gecode and being efficient.
All ideas are welcomed. Thanks
P.S : Gecode developers, do you want to include the ask propagator inside
Gecode?
I have an stress example showing better performance than using Mozart-Oz.
Mauricio
--
Mauricio Toro Bermudez
Estudiante de Ingeniería de Sistemas
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia
Stagiare à l'Ircam
1, place Igor-Stravinsky 75004 Paris,
France de 2008 à 2009
-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: <http://www.ps.uni-sb.de/pipermail/users/attachments/20080507/3104cb7e/attachment.htm>
More information about the gecode-users
mailing list


This is the subdocument.
Maximum depth reached here.
The header above should not make it into the toc of the parent document.


We will constantly be having mentors walk around to see the productivity and collaboration of each team
, hence, you can win one of the many prizes by exhibiting these skills.
Additionally, our judges would see the quality and effectiveness of your project in a real-world application.
Please see the "Judging Criteria" document for more information!
Please click here for a copy of our judging criteria information.
| Amounts/Category | Prize |
|---|---|
| 1st Place | Snap Spectacles + Professional Guidance by 18TechVentures + T-Shirt |
| 2nd Place | Smart Watch (with Calculator) + Professional Guidance by 18TechVentures + T-Shirt |
| 3rd Place | HUSBAN Quadcopter + T-Shirt |
| Best Hardware Hack | Gaming Keyboards |
| Best Website | $2000 Digital Ocean Credits |
| Best Mobile App | Anker Power Banks |
| Best Design | Sketch Licenses |
| Best Math Hack | $100 AoPS Credit |
| Best Idea | Professional Guidance by 18TechVentures |
| Best Pitch | $1000 in Bugsee Credit |
| Top Ten Teams | Access to Wolfram Alpha Pro + Personal Edition ($375) |
| Raffle | 10 different winners |


statsmodels.tsa.stattools.adfuller¶
-
statsmodels.tsa.stattools.
adfuller
(x, maxlag=None, regression='c', autolag='AIC', store=False, regresults=False)[source]¶ Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test
The Augmented Dickey-Fuller test can be used to test for a unit root in a univariate process in the presence of serial correlation.
Parameters: - x (array_like, 1d) – data series
- maxlag (int) – Maximum lag which is included in test, default 12*(nobs/100)^{1/4}
- regression ({'c','ct','ctt','nc'}) –
Constant and trend order to include in regression
- ’c’ : constant only (default)
- ’ct’ : constant and trend
- ’ctt’ : constant, and linear and quadratic trend
- ’nc’ : no constant, no trend
- autolag ({'AIC', 'BIC', 't-stat', None}) –
- if None, then maxlag lags are used
- if ‘AIC’ (default) or ‘BIC’, then the number of lags is chosen to minimize the corresponding information criterion
- ’t-stat’ based choice of maxlag. Starts with maxlag and drops a lag until the t-statistic on the last lag length is significant using a 5%-sized test
- store (bool) – If True, then a result instance is returned additionally to the adf statistic. Default is False
- regresults (bool, optional) – If True, the full regression results are returned. Default is False
Returns: - adf (float) – Test statistic
- pvalue (float) – MacKinnon’s approximate p-value based on MacKinnon (1994, 2010)
- usedlag (int) – Number of lags used
- nobs (int) – Number of observations used for the ADF regression and calculation of the critical values
- critical values (dict) – Critical values for the test statistic at the 1 %, 5 %, and 10 % levels. Based on MacKinnon (2010)
- icbest (float) – The maximized information criterion if autolag is not None.
- resstore (ResultStore, optional) – A dummy class with results attached as attributes
Notes
The null hypothesis of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller is that there is a unit root, with the alternative that there is no unit root. If the pvalue is above a critical size, then we cannot reject that there is a unit root.
The p-values are obtained through regression surface approximation from MacKinnon 1994, but using the updated 2010 tables. If the p-value is close to significant, then the critical values should be used to judge whether to reject the null.
The autolag option and maxlag for it are described in Greene.
Examples
See example notebook
References
[*] - Green. “Econometric Analysis,” 5th ed., Pearson, 2003.
[†] Hamilton, J.D. “Time Series Analysis”. Princeton, 1994. [‡] MacKinnon, J.G. 1994. “Approximate asymptotic distribution functions for unit-root and cointegration tests. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 12, 167-76. [§] MacKinnon, J.G. 2010. “Critical Values for Cointegration Tests.” Queen’s University, Dept of Economics, Working Papers. Available at http://ideas.repec.org/p/qed/wpaper/1227.html


Strengths
Data analysis, data visualization, crocheting, logic, problem solving. I used to excel at the lost art of making mixtapes.
Favorite TV shows
- Sesame Street
- Mr. Rogers' Neighborhood
- 3-2-1 Contact
- The Electric Company
- Romper Room
- The Muppet Show
- Sha-Na-Na
- Pac-Man
- Muppet Babies
- The Snorks
- Alvin & the Chipmunks
- The Brady Bunch
- Scooby Doo
- What's Happening?!?!
- Webster
- Ducktales
- I Love Lucy
- Ghostbusters
- The Real Ghostbusters
- Square One
- Family Ties
- Head of the Class
- Pee-wee's Playhouse
- Growing Pains
- Rags to Riches
- Our House
- Perfect Strangers
- Family Matters
- Full House
- A Pup Named Scooby Doo
- A Different World
- The Golden Girls
- Cheers
- The Simpsons
- Murphy Brown
- Steampipe Alley
- Tiny Toons
- Seinfeld
- Blossom
- Animaniacs
- Beverly Hills 90210
- Saturday Night Live
- Malibu Shores
- Daria
- Dawson's Creek
- That 70s Show
- Freaks and Geeks
- Sex and the City
- The Sopranos
- Degrassi The Next Generation
- Lost
- Project Runway
- The Wire
- The Office
- Dallas
- Flight of the Conchords
- Jersey Shore
- Parks & Recreation
- Mob Wives
- Bob's Burgers
- Game of Thrones
- Broad City
- Fargo
- American Crime Story
- Westworld
Favorite Foods
- macaroni & cheese
- rice balls
- cheeseburgers
- baked ziti
- fish tacos
- nachos
- mashed potatoes
- broccoli cheddar soup
- California rolls
- chocolate chip cookies
- lasagna
- spanakopita
- disco fries
- pasta fagioli
- avocado toast
- bacon egg & cheese on a bagel
- peanut butter
- stuffing
- grilled cheese
- butternut squash soup
Crochet
I learned how to crochet about 10 years ago with the help of YouTube videos. I had previously learned to knit, but I always found it difficult to make anything other than scarves and nearly impossible to fix mistakes without starting over. Somebody told me crocheting was easier, so I started doing that and never got back to knitting. Crocheting is honestly one of the best things I've done. I like the feeling of having created something tangible, and the repetitive nature of crocheting is very calming.
Probably my favorite thing to crochet is hats. At this point I've probably made a hundred hats. Recently I made Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle hats for my friend's twins and a Hello Kitty hat for my daughter. I like making amigurumi (crocheted small stuffed creatures), too. I'll post some pictures of my favorite projects.
Other
Nail wraps, casseroles, toddler activities & crafts, clothes, dance workouts, Marvel Universe, Girl Genius, A Song Of Ice And Fire/Game of Thrones, NY Mets, NY Knicks, NY Liberty, Harry Potter (Ravenclaw)


ObjectTarget
public class ObjectTarget<T:UIControl>:NSObject
A class for handling UIControl.addTarget(_:action:forControlEvents:)
in a pure swift class.
-
The control which will trigger the completion on the given control events.
Declaration
Swift
public let control:UIControl
-
The completion box that will run for the given control events.
Declaration
Swift
public let completion:(sender:T) -> ()
-
Default initialiser.
Declaration
Swift
public init(control:T, forControlEvents:UIControlEvents, completion:(sender:T) -> ())
Parameters
control
The
UIControl
on which events will trigger thecompletion
block.forControlEvents
The
UIControlEvents
sent bycontrol
that will triggercompletion
.completion
The code that will run when
control
sendsforControlEvents
. -
The function that is called from
UIControl.addTarget(_:action:forControlEvents:)
.Declaration
Swift
public func targetted(sender:AnyObject?)


I was sitting at home, drinking som Cognac and playing socialgames, on the net.
I decided to take just half the pill i had, coz of the drinking i've been doing. Swalloved half (50mg) the pill AET, playing psycedelic music wich a love! Been drinking about 6-7 shots(4cl â peice) of 40% Cognac.
10minutes nothing..
15minutes something..
20minutes having thoughts about yesterdays DXM trip...
That DXm did really give me a brainjob, but today (about 20hours later) it's really no hangover from that. Dxm is not something i recommend, it's just too hard(nervotoxic) as it is.
less then 25 min has gone by. Feeling a MDMA effect in my brain, euforia, wanna dance,
not as nice as MDMA, but kinda like Methylone but a better high feeling .
35min, cant keep the rest of happiness waiting, I drop the rest another 50mg....
I'm sitting with my computer, listening, changing tunes, digging with my legs and body.. no sound hallusinogenic yet, just an ok feeling on/in top of my head.
60 minutes.. feeling fine soft, wanna chat with others, (chatting). No enhanching just enyoing it.. I'ts a gentle feeling trouhg my system that passes, no max just middle all over... great party drug(with alc) if u ask me.. not to much and none the less..
Now 1hour n 45mins it's no bettre than when 45mins had gone by. Kinda soft .. but not much.. a filling feeling all over.
3 hours.. feeling fine.. a bit wasted, a slow comedown...
Feeling is like a fever, warmth.. feeling sleepy.. no pain , just tired n used..
Well it's surely working and it's pretty nice, if compared to E and Methylone, not at all the comedown of E and methylone, but then again not as nice. Sure i'll give it:
For mental use a 6/10, for party use also a 6/10.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Let's see if we can use the results we've developed to calculate some chances. Some of the steps will be clear without calculation; others will require more work.
A coin is tossed $n$ times so that all $2^n$ possible sequences of heads and tails are equally likely.
Question. What is the chance of getting at least one head and at least one tail?
Answer. There are many sequences in which each face appears at least once. For example, if $n=4$, such sequences include HTTT, HTHT, TTHT, and so on. When an event can happen in many different ways, it's a good idea to look at the ways in which it doesn't happen, in case there are fewer of those. For $n=4$, the only sequences in which we don't get at least one occurrence of each face are HHHH and TTTT. Indeed, for any $n$, there are only two sequences in which we don't get both faces: all heads, and all tails. These are the two sequences in which all the elements are the same.
Let $A$ be the event that we get at least one head and at least one tail. The question asks for $P(A)$. Because $A^c$ is the event "all the elements of the sequence are the same", we have $$ P(A^c) = \frac{2}{2^n} = \frac{1}{2^{n-1}} $$ By the complement rule, $$ P(A) = 1 - \frac{1}{2^{n-1}} $$ Notice that the answer tends to 1 as $n$ gets large. With a large number of tosses, you are almost certain to see both heads and tails.
 Define the maximum of the 12 rolls to be the largest of the numbers that appear on the 12 faces. For example, the maximum of the sequence "354222143351" is 5.
Question 1. What is the chance that the maximum is less than 5?
Answer 1. The key is to observe that the event "the maximum is less than 5" is the same as the event "all the 12 faces are less than 5". For this to occur, each of the 12 faces has to have one of the four values 1 through 4. So $$ P(\text{maximum is less than 5}) = \frac{4^{12}}{6^{12}} $$ Yes, we could simplify that further, but we're not going to, for reasons that will soon become clear.
Question 2. What is the chance that the maximum is less than 4?
Answer 2. Nothing new here, other than replacing 5 by 4 in Question 1. $$ P(\text{maximum is less than 4}) = \frac{3^{12}}{6^{12}} $$
Question 3. What is the chance that the maximum is equal to 4?
Answer 3. The task of writing down all the sequences in which the maximum is equal to 4 isn't pleasant. Let's see if we can use what we already know. For the maximum to be equal to 4:
We're thinking of the set $\{4\}$ as a difference: $\{1, 2, 3, 4\} \backslash \{1, 2, 3\}$.
So by the difference rule,
\begin{align*} P(\text{maximum is equal to 4}) &= P(\text{maximum is less than 5}) - P(\text{maximum is less than 4}) \\ &= \frac{4^{12}}{6^{12}} - \frac{3^{12}}{6^{12}} \end{align*}There is nothing special about 12 rolls. You can replace 12 by $n$ throughout, and the argument will go through just as above.
The maximum is an example of an extremum, the other being the minimum. When you work with extrema, remember the observation we used in this example: saying that the maximum is small is the same as saying that all the elements are small. Analogously, saying the minimum is large is the same as saying that all the elements are large.
A random number generator produces two digits so that all the 100 pairs of digits are equally likely.
Question. What is the chance that the second digit is greater than the first?
Answer, Method I. Make an organized list of all the ways in which the event can happen. A good way to list the pairs in which the second digit is greater than the first is to partition the pairs according to the value of the first digit:
This partition makes it easy to count all the pairs in which the second digit is greater than the first: there are $9+8+7+6+5+4+3+2+1 = (9\times10)/2 = 45$ of them among the 100 possible pairs. So the answer is 0.45.
Answer, Method II. Convince yourself of some symmetry: the chance that the second digit is greater than the first is the same as the chance that the first digit is greater than the second. One way to do this is to partition the second event according to the value of the second digit and notice the correspondence with the partition in Method I.
So if $p = P(\text{second digit is greater than the first})$, the addition rule says
\begin{align*} 1 &= P(\text{first digit is greater than the second}) + P(\text{the two digits are equal}) + P(\text{second digit is greater than the first}) \\ &= p + \frac{10}{100} + p \end{align*}because there are 10 pairs of equal digits: 00, 11, 22, $\ldots$, 99. Now solve for $p$:
$$ p = \frac{1 - 0.1}{2} = 0.45 $$as before.
It is a good idea to learn both methods. Partitions and symmetry will be used throughout this course.


Authored article
Writing in the Daily Mail, the Prime Minister explains her commitment to building a school system that works for everyone.
Yesterday I laid out the first step of an ambitious plan to set Britain on the path to being the great meritocracy of the world.
It is a vision of a Britain where advantage is based on merit not privilege, talent not circumstance, hard work not background. It is a vision of a country where everyone plays by the same rules and ordinary, working class people have more control over their lives. A vision of a society where everyone has a fair chance to go as far as their talent and their hard work will allow.
And the plan I laid out yesterday, a good school place for every child that caters to their individual talents, abilities and needs, is the starting point: putting government firmly at the service of ordinary working class people and building a great meritocracy in our nation .
That means committing to the task of spreading opportunity, because when people lose a sense of opportunity they lose a sense of hope. So the changes I outlined to our school system yesterday – not just more school places but more good school places, not just more new schools but more good new schools catering to the needs and abilities of each individual child – are designed to spread opportunity across society.
Because at the moment, opportunity is too often the preserve of the wealthy or a quirk of circumstance. Those who can afford to can move near a good school, pay to go private or fund the extra tuition their child needs to succeed. Those with the right connections and contacts can get on, while those who have none simply cannot.
I want to correct this manifest unfairness. Giving every child the chance of a good education that’s right for them is the place to start.
To do this, to deliver a good school place for every child, we will need to think differently. We will encourage and help our universities, faith groups such as the Catholic Church and independent schools to establish, sponsor or support new state schools. And yes, we will change the rules to allow for a new generation of grammar schools where there is demand and on the condition they act to raise outcomes for all pupils, particularly those from lower income households.
These ‘new grammars’ are important, because at the moment selection exists if you’re wealthy but doesn’t exist if you’re not. I want to change that.
I know I was incredibly lucky when I was a young girl growing up. My education was varied: I went to a grammar school that became a comprehensive, and for a short time I attended a private school. I know too that my teachers made me the woman I am today.
I want every child to have the kind of opportunities that I enjoyed. I want every parent to have the peace of mind that comes with knowing their children will get the chance to go a great school. And I want every teacher and every school to have the resources and the capacity to deliver on those promises.
I know these things will not just happen overnight. They require bold decisions and a lot of hard work, and no doubt there will be opposition to overcome. But as I set out yesterday, I am determined that we will build a school system that works for everyone. That is a hallmark of a truly meritocratic Britain.
Read the Prime Minister’s speech: Britain, the great meritocracy .
Published: 10 September 2016


Revision Current Public Release (2013.2076) Keywords iOS, enterprise, Objective-C See also Native coding, Corona Enterprise
To bridge Lua and C code, you must use the C API offered by Lua. This will allow you to add libraries and functions in Lua that call directly into C. (See 'References' below for more information)
The following are specific to Corona Enterprise for iOS.
Your code must implement this protocol if you wish to add your own functions at the Lua layer.
Key objects including the Lua state used by the Corona Engine are accessible via this protocol. The Corona engine gives you access to this via the CoronaDelegate
This is a collection of C APIs offered by the Corona engine that help you interact with Lua for Corona-specific patterns such as dispatching events.
You can intercept UIApplicationDelegate events via your implementation of the CoronaDelegate
protocol. See CoronaDelegate for more details.
If you want to add your own library in Lua that wraps native C code, you should follow the standard Lua conventions as described in the Coding Plugins
=> Native-only
section in the Plugin guide.
For example, if your Lua library is called mylibrary
, then you would create a Lua C function called int luaopen_mylibrary( lua_State *L )
.
In the Lua code you would access this library by calling require:
local mylibrary = require "mylibrary"
To call Lua from C, you must use the Lua C API. Every function in the Lua C API takes the lua_State
pointer L
as its first argument. You can get access to the proper lua_State
variable via an instance of the CoronaRuntime.
In order to use the Lua C API successfully, you must understand the Lua stack. This stack is different from a function call stack. It is designed to ease the marshalling of data across the Lua-C bridge.
See 'References' below for more information.
Runtime
NOTE: The following is available starting in build 843
All events in Corona are Lua tables. In order for Corona to recognize the event as a Lua table, the name
property of the Lua table must be set to the type of event.
To make sending events to the global Runtime object, we've added a convenience utility function in Corona::Lua called RuntimeDispatchEvent
.
In the following Lua code, we create a custom event of type "delegate"
.
local event = { name = "delegate" }
Runtime:dispatchEvent( event )
We translate this call into native code and send the event in the didLoadMain:
method of CoronaDelegate.
@implementation MyCoronaDelegate
- (void)didLoadMain:(id<CoronaRuntime>)runtime
{
lua_State *L = runtime.L;
// DISPATCH CUSTOM EVENT
// Create 'delegate' event
const char kNameKey[] = "name";
const char kValueKey[] = "delegate";
lua_newtable( L );
lua_pushstring( L, kValueKey ); // All events are Lua tables
lua_setfield( L, -2, kNameKey ); // that have a 'name' property
Corona::Lua::RuntimeDispatchEvent( L, -1 );
}
@end
You can register a custom Lua error handler by calling Corona::Lua::SetErrorHandler()
. Your handler will be called anytime a Lua error occurs at runtime.
It will override Corona's internal default error handler.
static int MyTraceback( lua_State *L )
{
lua_getfield(L, LUA_GLOBALSINDEX, "debug");
if (!lua_istable(L, -1)) {
lua_pop(L, 1);
return 1;
}
lua_getfield(L, -1, "traceback");
if (!lua_isfunction(L, -1)) {
lua_pop(L, 2);
return 1;
}
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); // pass error message
lua_pushinteger(L, 1); // skip this function and traceback
lua_call(L, 2, 1); // call debug.traceback
// Log result of calling debug.traceback()
NSLog( @"[LUA ERROR]: %s", lua_tostring( L, -1 ) );
return 1;
}
@implementation MyCoronaDelegate
- (void)willLoadMain:(id<CoronaRuntime>)runtime
{
Corona::Lua::SetErrorHandler( MyTraceback );
}
@end
Many 3rd party graphics libraries that use OpenGL will use their own OpenGL context.
Corona performs its rendering on the main thread and does not expect the OpenGL context to change. Consequently, if you use certain graphics libraries, you may be inadvertently changing the OpenGL context. This will cause problems where Corona may not render or update properly.
To ensure your code is dealing with OpenGL properly, you should ensure that the OpenGL context changes are "balanced":
// 1. Save Corona's context
EAGLContext *context = nil;
context = [EAGLContext currentContext];
// 2. Call 3rd party library
// 3. Restore Corona's context
[EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context];
For example, if the interface for the 3rd party library is shown via a modal view controller, you would perform steps 1 and 2 in the presentViewController:animated:completion:
call and then perform step 3 in the dismissViewControllerAnimated:completion:
call.
We recommend you use the project template App.xcodeproj
as the starting point for your XCode project.
This project contains custom build phases that take care of packaging your Lua sources and resource files (images, audio, etc) properly.
It also allows you to structure your native extensions as plugins that can be reused in future projects.
See 'Plugin Projects' on the main plugin page for more information.
A normal Corona SDK project comprises of your Lua files (e.g. main.lua
) and additional resource files like images, audio, video, etc.
By default, App.xcodeproj
is set up to assume that these files reside in a folder called Corona
that is in a folder that sits alongside the folder for the XCode project itself.
By default, App.xcodeproj
follows the XCode's default convention of optimizing PNG files with pngcrush. This makes them unreadable by MacOS.
For projects with extremely large files, this results in significantly slower build times. You can bypass this optimization by setting the CORONA_COPY_PNG_PRESERVE
environment variable prior to the CompileScripts.sh
call in the Compile
build phase:
# Insert this before call to CompileScripts.sh
# Overrides project to use the Fishies sample instead of looking for 'assets'
# Note the use of `export` ensuring child processes inherit the variable
export CORONA_COPY_PNG_PRESERVE="--preserve"
NOTE: Bypassing the default optimization may result in slower load image load times because iOS may have to do extra work on the device to deal with endianness and/or to ensure that the pixels are in pre-multiply alpha format.
If you are using the new App
project template, you should simply replace the CoronaEnterprise
folder in your /Applications
directory with the latest version from the daily builds. You'll only need to do this once, as all projects should automatically start using the latest version.
If you are using an older version, you may need to replace the Libraries
folder in your project with the corresponding folder in the latest daily build. You'll need to do this once for each projects.
We highly recommend getting the following book (especially Part IV on the C API):
For bridging between C and Lua, there are also a couple of resources online:


Studio Antares…
…works in the realm where art and environment become identical.
…fosters a creative atmosphere for individuals with varied skills, backgrounds, specializations, and interests.
…explores the social impact of art and environment through interaction among different human outlets: architecture, photography, film, and design.
…takes a hands-on approach to every project, finding unique solutions for each particular challenge.
…applies technology with a humanistic approach.
…aims to inspire all parties involved in a project.


Statue of clay golem depicting Prague Golem.
Author: Michal Ma
Source: Wikipedia
Science does not dehumanize man, it de-homunculizes him — B F Skinner, 1971
This chapter:
From Wikipedia: Golem
In Jewish folklore, a golem is an animated anthropomorphic being, created entirely from inanimate matter. The word was used to mean an amorphous, unformed material in Psalms and medieval writing.
From the Incomplete Nature glossary:
Golem: In Jewish folklore a golem is an animated, anthropomorphic being, created entirely from inanimate matter but lacking a soul
This section:
Key words: Eliminative materialism, homuncularize, [page:Ententional Ententional]
Topics covered: philosophy, biology
In our daily life we homuncularize on a regular, natural basis - without thinking.
We imagine multiple outcomes. We anthropomorphize the inanimate. p80
We homuncularize without thinking. Even careful theorists do it... p80
Eliminative materialism: the position that any ententional phenomenon are merely heuristic place holders and can/must be eliminated from science and replaced by mechanistic methods.
Eliminative materialism tends to sacrifice completeness for consistency - misses out on all the ententional aspects. p81
This section:
Key words: Daniel Dennett, Homunculi, Élan vital, Hydra, Hercules, Marvin Minskey/Society of Mind, Eliminative materialism, Fractionation, reducible/decomposable[Reduction], DNA
Topics covered: philosophy, humanities
Daniel Dennet: An effort to deny ententional processes and reference to teleological phenomena in one location only serves to displace these functional roles to other places. p81
Homunculi are stand-ins for incomplete explanations. p81
Example: homunculi become little men becomes élan vital. p82
A similarity is drawn to Hercules cutting off the head of the Hydra only to have two new heads appear. p82
Eliminative materialism posits that homunculi will go away with further research and/or being proved to be fictional to begin with. p83
Fractionation is a common strategy to reduce complex phenomena into simpler component features
Reducible systems - only depend on ability to identify graininess in complex phenomena / capacity to study properties of subdivisions / as distinct from collective phenomenon that they compose. p85
Decomposable systems - additionally requires subdivisions to exhibit properties they exhibit in the whole / even if entirely isolated and independent of it. p85
A clock is both reducible and decomposable to its parts, whereas a living organism may be analytically reducible, but it is not decomposable. p85
While ententional phenomena are dependent on physical substrate relationships, they are not decomposable to them, only to lower-order ententional phenomena. p85
This is because although ententional phenomena are necessarily physical, their proper parts are not physical parts. p85
In dividing our problems into smaller bits, we multiply the mysteries. p86
This section:
Key words: Golem, Robot, Homunculus, Zombie, Frankenstein, Logic, Containment, Alan Turing, Turing machine, Gregory Bateson, Kurt Gödel, Incompleteness theorems
Topics covered: humanities, philosophy, cognitive science
Homunculus: an avatar of cryptic ententional properties smuggled into our theories, p86
Golem as the avatar of its opposite: apparently mind-like processes that are nonetheless devoid of their own ententional properties. p86
If a homunculus is a little man in my head, then the golem is a hollow-headed man, a zombie. p86
A golem is often proposed as a reductio ad absurdum of a thoroughly eliminative materialism view. p87
Vast majority of our moment-to-moment behaviors - including belies, desires and purposes - are not associated with consciousness - and is thus zombie/golem-like<. p87/p>
Besides being a soulless being, following commands with mechanical dispassion, the golem lacks discernment. p88
The golems of today are not artificial living beings, but rather bureaucracies, legal systems, and computers. In their design as well as their role as unerringly literal slaves, digital computers are the epitome of a creation that embodies truth maintenance made animate. p89
Computers are logic embodied in mechanism. Logic is only the skeleton of thought: syntax without semantics. p89
The golem nature of logic comes from its fixity and closure. Logic is ultimately a structure out of time. It works to assure valid inference because there are no choices or alternatives. So the very fabric of valid deductive inference is by necessity preformed. p89
This logico-mathematical-machine equivalence was formalized in reverse when Alan Turing showed how, in principle, every valid mathematical operation that could be precisely defined and carried out in a finite number of steps could also be modeled by the actions of a machine. p90
To simplify a bit, the problem lies in the very assumption that syntax and semantics, logic and representation, are independent of one another. A golem is syntax without semantics and logic without representation. There is no one at home in the golem because there is no representation possible no meaning, no significance, no value, just physical mechanism, one thing after another with terrible inflexible consistency. p92
We might suspect, then, that whenever we encounter a golem, there is a hidden homunculus, a man behind the curtain, or a rabbi and his magical incantations pulling the nearly invisible strings. p93
This section:
Key words: Behaviorism, B F Skinner, Cognitive science, Cognition, Computation, Software, Jerry Fodor
Topics covered: psychology, cognitive science, philosophy
60's Behaviorism movement almost killed psychology. Thoughts and experiences: taboo. But this was first systematic approach to slaying the homunculus fallacy by replacing notions with observations. p93
70's Cognitive science - mixes psychology, philosophy, computation et al - treats mental processes as vast array of computer algorithms. But finds no place for consciousness - heck, consciousness might not even exist. p94
Thus, if scientists could map every possible human thought or action to an equivalent computer circuit or algorithm, wouldn't this be good enough? p94
The implication: For any mental operation it should be possible to derive a corresponding mechanical operation. Therefore ideas can have a physical consequence. And teleology can be embodied. Thus we can dispense with teleology and focus on the physics. p96
This section:
Key words: Computer theory of mind, Algorithm, Gary Kasparov, Deep Blue, Software, Irving Good, Jerry Fodor
Topics covered: cognitive science, philosophy
Computational theory of mind: the manipulation of tokens completely describes thinking. p97
Algorithm: a set of instructions to generate a process that achieves a particular consequence. p97
But don't specify all the details.  Big Blue is but a collection of homunculi - human thoughts stored in a box. p99
Software is human intentions set to to accomplish a specific task. p100
It resembles the unconscious more than the conscious. p100
No one home - all the way down, p101
Supposition: the human mind ultimately is just a computer, p102
Jerry Fodor: But, if so, how did it learn? How can 'simple' become more 'complex'? How did it evolve? p103
And when and how does cognition come into the process? p103
Computation is an idealization about cognition based on an idealization about physical processes. p104
Note that cognition has to be intrinsic/come from within - not extrinsic/come from the outside. p104?
Computer bugs provide a clue. The process of maintaining/surviving as yet unknown errors may provide some clues. p104
Computers made of meat (us) are messy and imprecise. Just what the doctor ordered. p105


Vettel, Leclerc summoned to explain collision
by AGENCE FRANCE PRESSESAO PAULO, Brazil, Nov 18 – Ferrari team boss Mattia Binotto has called drivers Sebastian Vettel and Charles Leclerc to a clear-the-air meeting after their collision wrecked the team’s hopes at the Brazilian Grand Prix.
The pair, who collided while fighting for fourth place on Sunday, were forced to retire from the race, leaving Ferrari embarrassed and pointless and the drivers arguing about who was to blame.
“There will be time (for us all) together at Maranello to understand what happened,” said Binotto, in the wake of a tempestuous race won with authority by Red Bull’s Max Verstappen.
“It’s not for me to blame them, it’s for them to recognise it.”
Speaking to reporters in the aftermath of a costly race for the scarlet scuderia, Binotto said he needed time to take stock and review the crash, on lap 66 of the 71-lap race.
Both cars were damaged and forced to retire in the incident, which came after a Safety Car restart when Vettel ‘closed the door’ on a challenging Leclerc.
It resulted in Ferrari’s first scoreless race since the 2017 Singapore Grand Prix and refocused criticism on the team’s habit of generating self-inflicted damage -– and the fractious relationship between their drivers.
– Sorry –
“I have not reviewed yet, I don’t want to do it yet,” insisted Binotto. “I think doing things in the heat of the moment, we may have the wrong conclusion.
“I heard both drivers, but they will come as well together to discuss again what happened and there will be time for the team to analyse all the video and the data.
“Whatever will be the judgement, more important is we are disappointed and sorry for the team.
“But first, the two drivers should be sorry for the team — as it has been a very small crash with big consequences…
“They are silly things that should not happen.”
He said the Maranello meeting would not be about apportioning blame and punishment.
“It’s not a matter of fining or blaming,” he said. “They were free to fight, we let them race and the reason for that is that we have the second place in the constructors’ (championship)…
“Free to fight doesn’t mean to do silly actions, especially between the two team-mates and the two Ferraris. For me, it was simply a silly action.
“There is always something you can do better, but today the mistakes were from the drivers. As a team, what could we have done better? We need to think…
“And, certainly, we need to improve that for the future and that it is not to happen anymore.”
(Visited 22 times, 2 visits today)


@(loginForm: Form[LoginForm], title: String = "title", stylesheets: Html = Html(""), scripts: Html = Html(""), content: Html = Html(""))(implicit messages: Messages, requestHeader: RequestHeader)
@* 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ *@
@title
@* Bootstrap core CSS *@
@* Custom styles for this template *@
@stylesheets
@* Just for debugging purposes. Don't actually copy these 2 lines! *@
@*[if lt IE 9]>
@* HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries *@
@*[if lt IE 9]>
@* Header *@
@* Main jumbotron for a primary marketing message or call to action *@
Hello, world!
This is a template for a simple play framework 2.4.x website.
@* /container *@
@* Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== *@
@* Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster *@
@* IE10 viewport hack for Surface/desktop Windows 8 bug *@


videocam
Disable
videocam_off
Enable
mic
Mute
mic_off
Unmute
call_end
Leave
present_to_all
Present
block
Stop
settings
Settings
expand_more
expand_less
Settings
×
Select Camera
Select Microphone


Automated malware unpacking with binary emulation
Probably most of the malwares out there use some sort of packer to evade detection and classification or to make the post-analysis more difficult. So in this blog post, I will talk about one of the most-used packing techniques and how to defeat that with the power of binary emulation. Also, I’ll drop a PoC of the new project that I’m working on. Note that this is a universal generic solution for packers that rely on unpacking code in heap memory and execute it.
Background
For packers that encrypt or compress a payload, a stub (a piece of code that contains the decompression or decryption routine) acts as a loader, which executes before the malware. So, we have a loader that decrypts or decompress the real malware to execute it. Stub can use so many techniques to achieve its goal.
There is a technique called self-modifying. In this technique, stub tries to acquire a block of writeable, executable memory, unpack (decrypt/decompress and write) code to the newly allocated memory and finally, transfer execution to the unpacked code in the newly allocated memory. So, if we manage to somehow read that allocated memory and dump the executable payload, right before the execution, we probably unpacked the real malware.
Digging down
Let’s dig down more and talk about some Windows APIs. To acquire a new block of memory, malwares will try to use VirtualAlloc()
. VirtualAlloc()
is a Windows API inside kernel32.dll
. According to Microsoft docs, VirtualAlloc()
:
Reserves, commits, or changes the state of a region of pages in the virtual address space of the calling process. Memory allocated by this function is automatically initialized to zero.
LPVOID VirtualAlloc(
LPVOID lpAddress,
SIZE_T dwSize,
DWORD flAllocationType,
DWORD flProtect
);
Important variables here are dwSize
, flProtect
, and the return value. dwSize
will define allocated memory block’s size, flProtect
will define the memory protection and the return value will be the address of the newly allocated memory.
First of all, we need to catch flProtect
, since in order to execute code inside a memory region, protection value must be one of the following values:
- PAGE_EXECUTE (0x10)
- PAGE_EXECUTE_READ (0x20)
- PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE (0x40)
- PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY (0x80)
So, we need to monitor dynamically allocated memories with executing protection cause they suggest that malware is about to unpack (or otherwise obtain) code to store there.
There is another interesting API called VirtualProtect()
. VirtualProtect()
changes the protection of a memory region. Malware can use this API call to change the protection of the allocated memory region if it is not already executable.
BOOL VirtualProtect(
LPVOID lpAddress,
SIZE_T dwSize,
DWORD flNewProtect,
PDWORD lpflOldProtect
);
Important variable is flNewProtect
. like VirtualAlloc()
if flNewPortect
contains one of the excution values (0x10, 0x20, 0x40 or 0x80) we need to monitor that specific region for unpacked code.
After we managed to list memory regions with execute protection, we need to set a memory execution breakpoint at those locations. So, if any code executes inside that region (probably unpacked code), we can catch and dump it.
Choosing tools and solutions
I needed a solution to write a cross-platform tool for automatically unpacking malwares with minimal requirements. as a Python developer, I prefer a framework written in Python or with a Python binding. So I chose a binary emulator Qiling!.
Qiling Framework is aimed to change IoT security research, malware analysis and reverse engineering landscape. The main objective is to build a cross-platform and multi-architecture framework and not just another reverse engineering tool. Qiling Framework is designed as a binary instrumentation and binary emulation framework that supports cross-platform and multi-architecture. It is packed with powerful features such as code interception and arbitrary code injection before or during a binary execution. It is also able to patch a packed binary during execution. Qiling Framework is open source and it is written in Python, a simple and commonly used programming language. This will encourage continuous contributions from the security and open-source community making it a sustainable project.
Also, there is a comparison between Qiling with other tools. take a look at this!.
Writing a PoC
First of all, we need to re-implement VirtualAlloc()
and VirtualProtect()
APIs in a format that Qiling recognizes. To make this happen, we need to write something like this:
@winapi(cc=STDCALL, params={
"lpAddress": POINTER,
"dwSize": SIZE_T,
"flAllocationType": DWORD,
"flProtect": DWORD
})
def hook_VirtualAlloc(ql, address, params):
dwSize = params["dwSize"]
addr = ql.os.heap.mem_alloc(dw_size) # allocate memory in heap
return addr
winapi
is a decorator that helps to define the structure of the API call. Here we have an API with calling convention of STDCALL
and 4 inputs with the type of POINTER
, SIZE_T
, DWORD
, and yet another DWORD
.
Qiling will pass ql
(sandbox) object as a parameter and address
of the location that called the API. params
will be a dictionary that contains all passed parameters to that API call.
For VirtualProtect()
we can write something like this:
@winapi(cc=STDCALL, params={
"lpAddress": POINTER,
"dwSize": UINT,
"flNewProtect": UINT,
"lpflOldProtect": POINTER
})
def hook_VirtualProtect(ql, address, params):
return 1
To override default API hooks, Qiling provides set_api
:
ql.set_api("VirtualAlloc", hook_VirtualAlloc)
ql.set_api("VirtualProtect", hook_VirtualProtect)
Inside hooked APIs we need to catch allocated memory regions with executable protection:
addr = params["lpAddress"]
dw_size = params["dwSize"]
fl_new_protect = params["flNewProtect"]
# PAGE_EXECUTE (0x10),
# PAGE_EXECUTE_READ (0x20),
# PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE (0x40),
# PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY (0x80),
if fl_new_protect in [0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80]:
# add newly allocated memory to list of memory regions
mem_regions.append({"start": addr, "size": dw_size})
The next step will set up a memory execution breakpoint. Qiling offers a function called hook_code()
. hook_code()
takes 3 parameters. a callback function, beginning, and end of the memory region.
ql.hook_code(dump_memory_region, begin=addr, end=addr + dw_size)
If any code get excuted inside that memory region, Qiling will call dump_memory_region()
. To dump that region, Qiling offers ql.mem.read()
. read()
takes 2 parameters, start location and size.
excuted_mem = ql.mem.read(address, size)
Full code for PoC will be:
import sys
from qiling import *
from qiling.os.windows.const import *
from qiling.os.const import *
from qiling.os.windows.fncc import *
from qiling.os.windows.utils import *
from qiling.os.windows.thread import *
from qiling.os.windows.handle import *
from qiling.exception import *
mem_regions = []
def get_mem(addr):
for mem_region in mem_regions:
start = mem_region['start']
end = mem_region['start'] + mem_region['size']
size = mem_region['size']
if addr in range(start, end + 1): # check if address in that memory region
return (start, size)
return None
def dump_memory_region(ql, address, size):
mem_region = get_mem(address) # check if memory region exists
# check if that memory region got removed before (duplication)
if mem_region is not None:
# read memory, start = first excuted address ; end = end of the region
excuted_mem = ql.mem.read(address, mem_region[1])
with open(f"{hex(address)}.bin", "wb") as f:
f.write(excuted_mem) # write extracted code to a binary file
# delete that region to overcome duplication
mem_regions.remove({"start": mem_region[0], "size":mem_region[1]})
@winapi(cc=STDCALL, params={
"lpAddress": POINTER,
"dwSize": UINT,
"flNewProtect": UINT,
"lpflOldProtect": POINTER
})
def hook_VirtualProtect(ql, address, params):
addr = params["lpAddress"]
dw_size = params["dwSize"]
fl_new_protect = params["flNewProtect"]
# PAGE_EXECUTE (0x10),
# PAGE_EXECUTE_READ (0x20),
# PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE (0x40),
# PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY (0x80),
if fl_new_protect in [0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80]:
# add newly allocated memory to list of memory regions
mem_regions.append({"start": addr, "size": dw_size})
# add memory on excute breakpoint to newly allocated memory
ql.hook_code(dump_memory_region, begin=addr, end=addr + dw_size)
return 1
@winapi(cc=STDCALL, params={
"lpAddress": POINTER,
"dwSize": SIZE_T,
"flAllocationType": DWORD,
"flProtect": DWORD
})
def hook_VirtualAlloc(ql, address, params):
dw_size = params["dwSize"]
addr = ql.os.heap.mem_alloc(dw_size) # allocate memory in heap
# PAGE_EXECUTE (0x10),
# PAGE_EXECUTE_READ (0x20),
# PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE (0x40),
# PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY (0x80),
fl_protect = params["flProtect"]
if fl_protect in [0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80] :
# add newly allocated memory to list of memory regions
mem_regions.append({"start": addr, "size": dw_size})
# add memory on excute breakpoint to newly allocated memory
ql.hook_code(dump_memory_region, begin=addr, end=addr + dw_size)
return addr
def sandbox(path, rootfs):
# create a sanbox for windows x86
ql = Qiling([path], "rootfs/x86_windows", output = "debug")
# set API breakpoints
ql.set_api("VirtualAlloc", hook_VirtualAlloc)
ql.set_api("VirtualProtect", hook_VirtualProtect)
ql.run()
if __name__ == "__main__":
if not len(sys.argv) == 2:
exit(-1)
path = sys.argv[1]
sandbox(path, "rootfs/x86_windows")
Demonstration
For demonstration, i wrote a small program that runs a shellcode.
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
char shellcode[113] = "\x31\xdb\x64\x8b\x7b\x30\x8b\x7f"
"\x0c\x8b\x7f\x1c\x8b\x47\x08\x8b"
"\x77\x20\x8b\x3f\x80\x7e\x0c\x33"
"\x75\xf2\x89\xc7\x03\x78\x3c\x8b"
"\x57\x78\x01\xc2\x8b\x7a\x20\x01"
"\xc7\x89\xdd\x8b\x34\xaf\x01\xc6"
"\x45\x81\x3e\x43\x72\x65\x61\x75"
"\xf2\x81\x7e\x08\x6f\x63\x65\x73"
"\x75\xe9\x8b\x7a\x24\x01\xc7\x66"
"\x8b\x2c\x6f\x8b\x7a\x1c\x01\xc7"
"\x8b\x7c\xaf\xfc\x01\xc7\x89\xd9"
"\xb1\xff\x53\xe2\xfd\x68\x63\x61"
"\x6c\x63\x89\xe2\x52\x52\x53\x53"
"\x53\x53\x53\x53\x52\x53\xff\xd7";
int main() {
DWORD old_protect;
LPVOID executable_area = VirtualAlloc(NULL, 113, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
executable_area = VirtualAlloc(executable_area, 113, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
if (executable_area == nullptr) {
std::cout << "error in allocating memory" << std::endl;
}
memcpy(executable_area, shellcode, 113);
VirtualProtect(executable_area, 113, PAGE_EXECUTE, &old_protect);
int(*f)() = (int(*)()) executable_area;
f();
VirtualFree(executable_area, 113, MEM_RELEASE);
}
We can try the PoC for that program and see output:
We managed to dump the shellcode successfully. I hope this was helpful. :)
Please do not hesitate to ping me if there is something wrong!


Methods
after_create (ModelNotifier)
boot! (Rails)
booted? (Rails)
configure (ModelNotifier)
current_email_address (EmailHelpers)
down (CreateContactForms)
down (CreateFoos)
gem_version (Rails::GemBoot)
load_initializer (Rails::GemBoot)
load_initializer (Rails::VendorBoot)
load_rails_gem (Rails::GemBoot)
load_rubygems (Rails::GemBoot)
model (ModelNotifier::Configuration)
notification_email (ModelNotifier)
parse_gem_version (Rails::GemBoot)
pick_boot (Rails)
preinitialize (Rails)
preinitializer_path (Rails)
recipients (ModelNotifier::Configuration)
rubygems_version (Rails::GemBoot)
run (Rails::Boot)
subject (ModelNotifier::Configuration)
up (CreateFoos)
up (CreateContactForms)
vendor_rails? (Rails)


The value of 1+1 is {{ value }}, and it's also dynamically generated.
The home url for the CBV is: {% url 'CBV' %}
The request object is {{ request }}


My shopping list
+ Add new product
+ Add new category
Total elements:
0
Total weight:
0
Total pieces:
0
Save as PDF


|
AAX SDK
2.3.1
Avid Audio Extensions Development Kit
|
#include <AAX_VHostProcessorDelegate.h>
Version-managed concrete Host Processor delegate class.
Public Member Functions | |
| AAX_VHostProcessorDelegate (IACFUnknown *pUnknown) | |
| virtual AAX_Result | GetAudio (const float *const inAudioIns[], int32_t inAudioInCount, int64_t inLocation, int32_t *ioNumSamples) AAX_OVERRIDE |
| CALL: Randomly access audio from the timeline. More... | |
| virtual int32_t | GetSideChainInputNum () AAX_OVERRIDE |
| CALL: Returns the index of the side chain input buffer. More... | |
| virtual AAX_Result | ForceAnalyze () AAX_OVERRIDE |
| CALL: Request an analysis pass. More... | |
| virtual AAX_Result | ForceProcess () AAX_OVERRIDE |
| CALL: Request a process pass. More... | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from AAX_IHostProcessorDelegate | |
| virtual | ~AAX_IHostProcessorDelegate () |
| AAX_VHostProcessorDelegate::AAX_VHostProcessorDelegate | ( | IACFUnknown * | pUnknown | ) |
|
virtual |
CALL: Randomly access audio from the timeline.
Called from within AAX_IHostProcessor::RenderAudio(), this method fills a buffer of samples with randomly-accessed data from the current input processing region on the timeline, including any extra samples such as processing "handles".
true
| [in] | inAudioIns | Timeline audio buffer(s). This must be set to inAudioIns from AAX_IHostProcessor::RenderAudio() |
| [in] | inAudioInCount | Number of buffers in inAudioIns . This must be set to inAudioInCount from AAX_IHostProcessor::RenderAudio() |
| [in] | inLocation | A sample location relative to the beginning of the currently processed region, e.g. a value of 0 corresponds to the timeline location returned by AAX_CHostProcessor::GetSrcStart() |
| [in,out] | ioNumSamples |
|
Implements AAX_IHostProcessorDelegate.
|
virtual |
CALL: Returns the index of the side chain input buffer.
Called from within AAX_IHostProcessor::RenderAudio(), this method returns the index of the side chain input sample buffer within inAudioIns
.
Implements AAX_IHostProcessorDelegate.
|
virtual |
CALL: Request an analysis pass.
Call this method to request an analysis pass from within the plug-in. Most plug-ins should rely on the host to trigger analysis passes when appropriate. However, plug-ins that require an analysis pass a) outside of the context of host-driven render or analysis, or b) when internal plug-in data changes may need to call ForceAnalyze()
.
Implements AAX_IHostProcessorDelegate.
|
virtual |
CALL: Request a process pass.
Call this method to request a process pass from within the plug-in. If AAX_eProperty_RequiresAnalysis is defined, the resulting process pass will be preceded by an analysis pass. This method should only be used in rare circumstances by plug-ins that must launch processing outside of the normal host AudioSuite workflow.
Implements AAX_IHostProcessorDelegate.