We loosely define hotspots as regions of relatively large variability changes that also show a large model agreement on the sign of the change. Figure 1 shows the projected relative changes in SD of monthly temperature anomalies until the end of the 21st century, averaged over all 37 models (see fig. S1 for model agreement). Several hotspots of increases in SD are revealed over (sub)tropical land, namely, Amazonia, Southern Africa, Australia, the Sahel, the Arabian Peninsula, India, and Southeast Asia. In boreal summer, large increases occur over Europe, North America, and near the Arctic coast ( Fig. 1A). In all other seasons, SD decreases over northern mid-latitudes (fig. S2). Several of the identified hotspots are consistent with previous modeling studies ( 21– 23).
( A) Boreal summer [June, July, and August (JJA)], ( B) austral summer [December, January, and February (DJF)], and ( C) the whole year, averaged over 37 climate models. In hatched areas, at least 30 of the 37 models agree on the sign of change from 1850 to 2100 expressed in the Kendall τ value [for example, see fig. S1A for the model agreement in (C)].
Absolute changes in variability are greatest in mid- and high latitudes in boreal autumn and winter (fig. S2), but these are also regions with the largest background levels of temperature variability. In relative terms, the largest changes in SD are increases of up to 40% in Amazonia and Southern Africa in austral spring and summer. Using temperature anomalies from all months of the year, Amazonia stands out as a region with a particularly large relative SD increase ( Fig. 1C) because increases occur in all seasons. Although the models agree on the sign of change, the magnitude differs substantially between the models, with some models showing a doubling of SD in the tropical hotspots, especially in central and northern Amazonia. The changes continue in the nine models extended beyond 2100 and scale approximately with global warming. In the model average, each degree of global warming leads to an ~15% increase in SD in Amazonia, Southern Africa, and the Arctic coast during the local summer season, and a 10% increase in the subtropical hotspots of the Northern Hemisphere (fig. S3).
Previous studies have isolated the role of selected mechanisms in individual models by suppressing certain sources of variability ( 24– 26). This is not feasible across all of the CMIP5 models; hence, we take a different approach and analyze the changes in the terms contributing to the surface energy balance in the model mean, and identify important regional differences. In high latitudes, decreases in temperature SD are particularly pronounced over regions with sea-ice loss because the exposed ocean introduces a much larger heat capacity. This leads to more persistent but damped anomalies ( 12, 15, 27), in other words, SD decreases. Reductions in SD in mid-latitudes are not directly related to Arctic sea-ice loss. The largest SD decrease in the Arctic occurs in autumn [September, October, and November (SON)], the season with the largest sea-ice loss until 2100, whereas the SD decrease in mid-latitudes is most pronounced during Northern Hemisphere winter (DJF), the season where Arctic amplification is largest ( Fig. 1 and fig. S2). This amplification of mean warming in high northern latitudes leads to a reduced meridional temperature gradient (fig. S4). If one assumes that typical wind patterns do not change, then incoming air from the North or South is less different in temperature than it was when the temperature gradient weakens, leading to smaller local temperature anomalies. Calculating the monthly anomalies of advection (the local temperature tendencies due to horizontal wind) indeed reveals a decrease of the advection-induced temperature variability (fig. S4). We thereby confirm previous studies showing that the decreased temperature variability in mid-latitudes is associated with a decreased meridional temperature gradient due to the polar amplification of global warming ( 13, 22, 27, 28). The CMIP5 models do not support the alternative hypothesis that Arctic amplification causes increased meandering of the mid-latitude westerlies and, hence, greater variance and persistence of mid-latitude weather conditions ( 29).
The increases of temperature variability that we find are largest in the season of maximum insolation (fig. S2). In the following, we therefore focus on the summer season. In the Southern Hemisphere, the results are qualitatively similar in all seasons. In the Northern Hemisphere, the summer season is the only season with an increased SD of temperature anomalies, whereas SD decreases in all other seasons (for the reasons described above). The large increases in SD over tropical land are particularly striking and have not been explained in previous analyses.
Although sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are known to affect temperature over land ( 24), SST variability appears not to be responsible for the increased variability on land, because of the low model agreement over the oceans in contrast to the large agreement in the identified land hotspots ( Fig. 1 and fig. S1). Furthermore, in the Southern Hemisphere summer, advection only plays a minor role (fig. S4C). We therefore focus on the local energy balance over land.
From a local perspective, fluctuations in the downwelling radiation (short-wave plus long-wave fluxes) at the surface, Rd, can be seen as a direct atmospheric driver of temperature changes, which determines how much energy is available at the surface. We do not consider changes in surface albedo here because its contribution to monthly variability is likely small. We recognize that local conditions can feed back to the atmosphere (for example, via changes in cloud cover) to affect Rd, but note that Rd is also determined by processes on larger scales. A second important parameter is the evaporative fraction (EF) (the part of the available energy at the surface used to evaporate water), here calculated as EF = LH/( Ru + Rd), with upwelling radiation Ru and latent heat flux (LH). Because an increase in sensible heat flux is associated with temperature increase, whereas increased LH is not, EF determines by how much a change in atmospheric forcing translates into temperature change. The smaller the EF becomes, the greater the effect of variations in available net radiation on temperature, because more radiation is converted into sensible instead of latent heat.
Previous studies have shown that changes in soil moisture affect the partitioning of surface fluxes mostly in intermediate moisture regimes ( 30). Where evapotranspiration is limited by moisture but still has a substantial contribution to the energy balance, soil moisture has the largest effect on LH or temperature (and hence their variability). In this context, it is striking that regions with substantial increases in temperature variability coincide with regions identified as hotspots of strong soil moisture temperature coupling in previous studies ( 30, 31). We therefore analyze how increases in temperature variability are related to changes in soil moisture and EF, in comparison to variations in downwelling radiation Rd. Figure 2A shows that the grid cells where temperature variability increases (red on the color scale) tend to have decreasing soil moisture (horizontal axis) as well as increasing variability in Rd (vertical axis). The same relation emerges when plotting EF instead of soil moisture ( Fig. 2B). Therefore, the changes in the Southern Hemisphere hotspots are consistent with the explanation that soil moisture loss leads to smaller EF and thus larger temperature variability. Even in the humid climate of Amazonia where evapotranspiration is limited by radiation in many places, the large future drying brings the region closer to a soil moisture–limited regime, which is associated with a large reduction in the positive correlation between evapotranspiration and incoming radiation (fig. S5).
The horizontal axes in ( A), ( B), ( D), and ( E) show changes in the mean, whereas all other axes and the color bar show changes in SD. Each dot represents the difference between the periods 1875–1904 and 2055–2084 at a particular land grid cell in the Southern Hemisphere without Antarctica (A to C) and the Northern Hemisphere without Greenland (D to F) for the multimodel average. All figures show summer conditions (DJF in the Southern Hemisphere, JJA in the Northern Hemisphere). The blue coordinate system in (C) and (F) defines the index shown in Fig. 3, with negative values indicating larger increases in LH variability and positive values indicating larger radiative variability.
Such a transition from a wet to a moisture-limited regime is associated with an increase in the sensitivity of LH to soil moisture fluctuations (even in the absence of any changes in available radiation) ( 30, 32). The variability changes in LH and Rd can therefore potentially reveal information on the mechanisms behind changes in variability. In agreement with the soil moisture hypothesis, increased temperature variability is associated with substantial increases in the variability of LH ( Fig. 2C). The SD of Rd and LH both increase to a similar extent, and thus, both contribute to increased temperature variability. However, as the changes in EF and soil moisture show, Rd cannot be the sole driver of the increased temperature variability because there is no clear reason why the increased SD of Rd would systematically deplete the mean soil moisture. Instead, we suggest that the SD increase in downwelling radiation in these areas is at least partly associated with land-atmosphere feedbacks. For example, surface drying can affect cloud distribution and, hence, the variability of Rd. To separate these effects quantitatively, specific additional model simulations would be needed.
The Northern Hemisphere shows a very different pattern ( Fig. 2, D to F). There, soil moisture is not a good explanatory variable in general ( Fig. 2D). This occurs because soil moisture does not limit EF in many places, so that decreases in soil moisture do not necessarily cause increased temperature variability. Moreover, changes in EF alone cannot explain the increased temperature variability in the Northern Hemisphere ( Fig. 2E), and increases in Rd variability are needed as an explanatory variable at many places. The few exceptions with decreased temperature SD in the range of +4 to 6 W/m 2 of downwelling radiation SD ( Fig. 2E) occur at grid boxes in very high northern latitudes (mainly Northeast Canada) where the fluctuations in available energy are often compensated by phase changes (melting snow and water, or freezing water) instead of temperature fluctuations.
This pattern suggests that changes in the atmosphere on a regional scale are an important driver of the changes in variability at the surface. When we compare changes in the variability of Rd and LH in the Northern Hemisphere summer, we find two distinct regimes ( Fig. 2F). The horizontal (bottom-right) branch with substantial increases in LH variability is consistent with the soil-drying mechanism explained above. Because Rd variability does not increase or even decreases, the soil moisture loss must be solely responsible for the enhanced temperature variability. In contrast, the vertical (upper) branch in Fig. 2F consists of dry regions where other mechanisms dominate, whereas changes in LH variability are small.
To illustrate the geographical distribution of these differences, we quantify the relation between SD changes in LH and net downwelling surface radiation ( Rd) as an index ( Fig. 3). This index ( I) is proportional to the angle in the diagram spanned by the two properties (blue coordinate system in Fig. 2, C and F)
See main text and Fig. 2 (C and F). Negative values indicate that changes are driven by soil drying, whereas positive values indicate a larger contribution of atmospheric variability. Ice sheets and locations where changes in temperature SD are smaller than 0.1K have been masked out (white areas). Each hemisphere shows summer conditions (JJA in the North, DJF in the South). All changes are calculated from the multimodel average and the period 1875–1904 versus 2055–2084.
Because model agreement tends to be lower in India and the Sahel than in other hotspots ( Fig. 1 and fig. S1), we also calculate model averages for only the models showing an increase in temperature SD in a given region. In India, the SD of rainfall, soil moisture, cloud cover, and LH all increase despite little changes in mean soil moisture. This indicates that the Indian summer monsoon in the models is becoming more variable under greenhouse forcing, a result that is confirmed by other studies ( 34, 35). A similar effect occurs in Southeast Asia ( 36), in combination with a mean soil moisture decrease, causing an additional SD increase in temperature. In the Sahel, summer rainfall protrudes further north in those models showing a clear increase in temperature SD. Where the preindustrial climate has been almost permanently dry, an increased occurrence of cloudier and wetter months promotes increased variability in both radiation and LH. Moreover, because the Sahara warms more than the vegetated regions to the South, the meridional temperature gradient in the Sahel region is enhanced (fig. S4B). This enhancement of variability due to the increased spatial temperature contrast is hence the reversed mechanism of the decreased variability in mid-latitudes. An increased temperature gradient is also the reason for the zone of large SD increase surrounding the Arctic Ocean (fig. S4A), which warms much less than the land.


Link to repo: Immodal/tetris, check out the readme for more info.
Value (Lower is Faster):
Lines Cleared:
When "Human" is selected:


referenced
by Kevin Reiss at 2020-06-30 15:00:34.merged
by Kevin Reiss at 2020-06-30 15:00:34.closed
by Kevin Reiss at 2020-06-30 15:00:34.head_ref_deleted
by Kevin Reiss at 2020-06-30 15:00:38.There were several adjustments required to support multi-author SIP creation (these are mostly found in https://github.com/pulibrary/dspace-python/commit/681e4f1d67398458cd882ecd242148f34ea16ed1), and they required some directory path escaping (such as https://github.com/pulibrary/dspace-python/compare/thesis-central-import-multiauthor#diff-edb302c583942ffc8fe2368f61dd32d9R4).
I have reduced some of the complexity of the approach for importing SIPs generated for departments, and these have been tested successfully with the following imports:
https://updatespace.princeton.edu/jspui/handle/99999/fk4p286w9k
https://updatespace.princeton.edu/jspui/handle/99999/fk4jd66g4s
https://updatespace.princeton.edu/jspui/handle/99999/fk4dn5gp02
I have e-mailed Lynn Durgin with a request to review these items in order to assess whether or not the metadata for these is problematic.
Documentation outlining how users can transfer Dropbox folders needed to be drafted of a faculty member within Princeton Neuroscience Institute look to deposit 80GB data sets.
I managed to resolve this outside of the tcsh
script with the following:
/dspace/bin/dspace import --add --collection 88435/dsp01qf85nb35s --eperson<EMAIL_ADDRESS>--mapfile test-import.map --source /dspace/www/thesis_central/English/tc_export/Approved/
This has been successfully tested with the following Items:
https://updatespace.princeton.edu/jspui/handle/99999/fk4p286w9k
When / where is this object created / persisted? How does it interact with other figgy classes?
I suspect it's created the first time a charge is requested on a CDL eligible item? Or when the availability of charging is asked about for a CDL eligible item?
I suspect interaction is just Wayfinder.for(scannedresource).cdlcharge_manager.
assigned
by None at 2020-06-30 14:11:49.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 20:48:14.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 23:04:58.renamed
by Eliot Jordan at 2020-06-30 16:39:39.assigned
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-29 23:00:27.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-29 23:19:11.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-29 23:21:25.closed
by None at 2020-06-30 18:04:05.referenced
by None at 2020-06-30 18:04:06.head_ref_force_pushed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-29 23:21:25.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 13:49:46.review_requested
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 16:58:33.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 17:28:45.referenced
by None at 2020-06-30 18:04:04.merged
by None at 2020-06-30 18:04:04.closed
by None at 2020-06-30 18:04:05.head_ref_deleted
by None at 2020-06-30 18:04:09.Per discussion in checkin, this will likely be a service with the query as a method on that service.
assigned
by Christina Chortaria at 2020-06-30 15:22:31.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 20:48:14.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 23:04:58.renamed
by Eliot Jordan at 2020-06-30 18:31:26.labeled
by Eliot Jordan at 2020-06-30 18:31:35.Also related:
renamed
by Eliot Jordan at 2020-06-30 18:22:10.labeled
by Eliot Jordan at 2020-06-30 18:22:14.Re-opened because this is also happening in PreserveChildrenJobs.
renamed
by Eliot Jordan at 2020-06-30 19:27:18.labeled
by Eliot Jordan at 2020-06-30 19:27:47.labeled
by None at 2020-06-30 20:23:36.head_ref_force_pushed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 23:04:58.assigned
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 23:06:03.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 23:40:39.milestoned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:11:25.milestoned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:11:25.milestoned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:11:25.renamed
by Kate Lynch at 2020-06-30 11:41:25.mentioned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 11:42:15.subscribed
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 11:42:15.milestoned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:11:24.milestoned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:11:25.labeled
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:12:22.labeled
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:20:08.milestoned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:20:08.labeled
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:21:11.milestoned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 12:21:11.labeled
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 14:13:49.milestoned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 14:13:50.There may be different loan periods for different categories of materials, e.g., items on course reserve may have a 3 hour loan period, but other items may have a 24 hour loan period. (see #2128)
renamed
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 14:14:36.labeled
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 14:18:51.milestoned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 14:18:51.Coverage decreased (-0.4%) to 96.159% when pulling bce9c936771d7bfdd8db3fab189b2d63e2bc3d6d on 2057-illiad-myaccount into b7339d4650c1b29b4a3340903b60d04c2fd8735f on master.
deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 11:35:46.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 13:45:31.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 14:02:27.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 14:07:58.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 14:16:59.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 14:17:14.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 14:25:03.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 14:25:15.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 14:41:08.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 14:46:51.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 17:55:04.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 18:01:46.deployed
by Trey Pendragon at 2020-06-30 18:02:02.labeled
by Christina Chortaria at 2020-06-30 20:29:39.assigned
by Christina Chortaria at 2020-06-30 20:41:05.Coverage decreased (-1.6%) to 95.019% when pulling 2503b096367f85b4476214e54c62f91e12b7a68f on 2057-illiad-myaccount2 into b7339d4650c1b29b4a3340903b60d04c2fd8735f on master.
https://github.com/pulibrary/princeton_ansible/pull/1607 did not fix this issue. I'm still unable to deploy to worker machines without commenting out the mediainfo role.
@kayiwa
reopened
by Eliot Jordan at 2020-06-30 17:08:07.mentioned
by Francis Kayiwa at 2020-06-30 17:08:20.subscribed
by Francis Kayiwa at 2020-06-30 17:08:20.Sorry, I thought we need to have local certs for each machine.
closed
by Kevin Reiss at 2020-06-30 20:08:47.assigned
by Kim Leaman at 2020-06-30 16:54:01.Migrated.
closed
by Kim Leaman at 2020-06-30 16:58:13.Waiting for Mark Z to approve
unlabeled
by Cliff Wulfman at 2020-06-30 16:47:10.labeled
by Cliff Wulfman at 2020-06-30 16:47:11.assigned
by Cliff Wulfman at 2020-06-30 19:21:25.Already migrated; see pulibrary/figgy#3962.
Now we need to
These three are in pudl0083
Final task on this ticket is to create DPUL exhibit.
assigned
by Cliff Wulfman at 2020-06-30 19:21:47.unassigned
by Cliff Wulfman at 2020-06-30 20:42:31.assigned
by Kim Leaman at 2020-06-30 20:42:32.All images are in PUDL0083 on isilon, 2012 subdirectory AND 2013. plate collections include both: Versailles: La grotte de Versailles and Versailles: La Grande Galerie de Versailles
Working on pudl0083/2013:
All have been ingested in figgy and all but 1 complete. Why was this one flagged?? @escowles @roelmoon, ideas? https://figgy.princeton.edu/catalog/923bb0d8-7e1b-4dfa-b66e-ce75770aeebe
I am closing the ticket, regardless, as all items have MARC records with bib ids noted in PUDL and have been ingested into figgy.
closed
by Kim Leaman at 2020-06-30 22:25:07.mentioned
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 22:25:07.subscribed
by Esmé Cowles at 2020-06-30 22:25:07.mentioned
by Roel Munoz at 2020-06-30 22:25:07.subscribed
by Roel Munoz at 2020-06-30 22:25:07.all ingested and complete.
closed
by Kim Leaman at 2020-06-30 22:30:44.one item from Marquand. Ingested.
closed
by Kim Leaman at 2020-06-30 22:33:09.successfully imported into ASpace:
- [x] WC064
error 413 Request Entity Too Large
extent field needs to be prepped per below
- [x] C0614
error 413 Request Entity Too Large
needed dates fixed (end date occurring before start date)
- [x] MC152
(had to correct an end date occurring before the start date)
- [x] C0807
data issue: Error: #<RuntimeError: Problem creating 'Abreu, Juan': Invalid value: item>
Fixed. NB: ASpace does not allow the word "items" in the value of the extent field. It does accept other values (such as "folders"), however.
- [ ] MC001.04
error 413 Request Entity Too Large
end date before start date needed fixing
broke into two smaller pieces
extent is required--all extents are there, but the importer seems to be skipping those that contain a comma separator
- [x] C0776
error 413 Request Entity Too Large
some unittitles are too long, causing import to fail
- [x] C0879
error: the following errors were found: id_0 : That ID is already in use
Turns out this is the error thrown when the eadid is already in use in ASpace
assigned
by James R. Griffin III at 2020-06-30 17:23:02.Deprecated by https://github.com/pulibrary/pulfalight/pull/279
head_ref_force_pushed
by James R. Griffin III at 2020-06-30 17:19:55.closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2020-06-30 17:53:58.head_ref_deleted
by James R. Griffin III at 2020-06-30 17:54:00.Deprecated by the rebase for https://github.com/pulibrary/pulfalight/pull/280
head_ref_force_pushed
by James R. Griffin III at 2020-06-30 18:08:29.closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2020-06-30 18:11:57.Look up current notification and ask RS staff if adjustments are needed.
head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 12:59:43.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 13:44:28.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 14:02:57.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 14:16:09.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 14:21:31.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 14:40:39.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 17:52:55.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 18:01:21.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 18:53:23.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2020-06-30 18:56:12.assigned
by None at 2020-07-01 01:18:43.


SSCONVERT(1) GNOME SSCONVERT(1) NAME ssconvert - a command line spreadsheet format converter SYNOPSIS ssconvert [OPTIONS] infile outfile ssconvert [OPTIONS] --merge-to outfile infile1 infile2 ... DESCRIPTION ssconvert is a command line utility to convert spreadsheet files between various spreadsheet file formats. It is a companion utility to Gnumeric, the powerful spreadsheet program created by the GNOME project. ssconvert accepts either file names or URIs as infile outfile. The spe‐ cial URIs fd://0 and fd://1 can be used for standard input and standard output respectively. OPTIONS This program follows the usual GNU command line syntax, with single let‐ ter options starting with a single dash (`-') and longer options starting with two dashes (`--'). Main options --recalc Recalculate all cells before writing the result. --list-exporters List the available exporters (file formats that can be written). -T, --export-type=ID Specify which exporter to use; see below for a list. This is only necessary when the right format does not follow from the output file name. -O, --export-options=optionsstring Specify parameters for the chosen exporter. optionsstring is a list of parameter=value pairs, separated by spaces. The parameter names and values allowed are specific to the exporter and are doc‐ umented below. Multiple parameters can be specified --list-importers List the available importers (file formats that can be read). -I, --import-type=ID Specify which importer to use; see below for a list. This is only necessary when the right format does not follow from the input file name. -E, --import-encoding=STRING Specify an encoding for imported content. -M, --merge-to=FILENAME Merge a collection of workbooks into one. Sheet size will expand to the largest in all the workbooks. Names in the scope of indi‐ vidual workbooks will end up in the scope of the merged workbook. The merge will be aborted if there are name conflicts. -S, --export-file-per-sheet Export a file for each sheet if the exporter only supports one sheet at a time. The output filename is treated as a template in which sheet number is substituted for %n and/or sheet name is sub‐ stituted for %s. If there are not substitutions, a default of ".%s" is added. Help options -v, --version Display ssconvert's version. -h, --help, --usage Display a brief usage message. --help-all Show all help options. --help-libspreadsheet Show Gnumeric options. Path options -L, --lib-dir=STRING Set the root library directory. -D, --data-dir=STRING Adjust the root data directory. LIST OF IMPORTER/EXPORTER IDS The following IDs can be can be used both for import (reading) and export (writing). Gnumeric_XmlIO:sax Gnumeric's XML file format (*.gnumeric) Gnumeric_OpenCalc:openoffice OpenDocument ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument⟩ or Open‐ Office Calc ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenOffice.org_Calc⟩ (*.sxc, *.ods) format. As an exporter, this is ODF/OpenOffice without foreign elements (*.ods). Gnumeric_dif:dif Data Interchange Format ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Data_Interchange_Format⟩ (*.dif) Gnumeric_paradox:paradox Paradox database ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Paradox_%28database%29⟩ or primary index file (*.db, *.px) Gnumeric_stf:stf_assistant Text (configurable) Gnumeric_sylk:sylk MultiPlan ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplan⟩ Symbolic Link (SYLK) ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYmbolic_LinK_%28SYLK%29⟩ (*.slk) Gnumeric_Excel:xlsx Microsoft Excel (tm) 2007 ("Office Open XML", OOXML ⟨http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XLSX⟩ ) format LIST OF IMPORTANT IMPORTER IDS Gnumeric_stf:stf_csvtab Comma or tab separated values (CSV/TSV) (*.csv) Gnumeric_html:html HTML (*.html, *.htm) Gnumeric_Excel:excel Microsoft Excel (tm) (*.xls) Gnumeric_Excel:excel_xml Microsoft Excel (tm) 2003 SpreadsheetML LIST OF OTHER IMPORTER IDS Gnumeric_QPro:qpro Quattro Pro ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quattro_Pro⟩ (*.wb1, *.wb2, *.wb3) Gnumeric_applix:applix Applix (*.as) Gnumeric_lotus:lotus Lotus 1-2-3 ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_1-2-3⟩ (*.wk1, *.wks, *.123) Gnumeric_mps:mps MPS (Mathematical Programming System) format ⟨http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPS_%28format%29⟩ Linear programming and mixed integer programming file format (*.mps) Gnumeric_oleo:oleo GNU Oleo ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Oleo⟩ (*.oleo) Gnumeric_plan_perfect:pln PlanPerfect Format (PLN) Gnumeric_psiconv:psiconv Psion (*.psisheet) Gnumeric_sc:sc SC/xspread Gnumeric_xbase:xbase xBase ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XBase⟩ (*.dbf) file format LIST OF IMPORTANT EXPORTER IDS Gnumeric_OpenCalc:odf ODF/OpenOffice with foreign elements (*.ods) Gnumeric_glpk:glpk GLPK Linear Program Solver Gnumeric_html:html40 HTML 4.0 (*.html) Gnumeric_html:html40frag HTML (*.html) fragment Gnumeric_html:xhtml XHTML (*.html) Gnumeric_html:xhtml_range XHTML range - for export to clipboard Gnumeric_pdf:pdf_assistant Portable Document Format (*.PDF) Gnumeric_stf:stf_csv Comma separated values (CSV) Gnumeric_Excel:excel_dsf Microsoft Excel (tm) 97/2000/XP & 5.0/95 LIST OF OTHER EXPORTER IDS Gnumeric_Excel:excel_biff7 Microsoft Excel (tm) 5.0/95 Gnumeric_Excel:excel_biff8 Microsoft S Excel (tm) 97/2000/XP Gnumeric_GnomeGlossary:po Gnome Glossary PO file format Gnumeric_html:html32 HTML 3.2 (*.html) Gnumeric_html:latex LaTeX 2e (*.tex) Gnumeric_html:latex_table LaTeX 2e (*.tex) table fragment Gnumeric_html:roff TROFF ⟨http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troff⟩ (*.me) format. Gnumeric_lpsolve:lpsolve LPSolve ⟨http://sourceforge.net/projects/lpsolve/⟩ Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) solver OPTIONS FOR THE PORTABLE DOCUMENT FORMAT (*.pdf) EXPORTER sheet Name of the workbook sheet to operate on. paper Paper size. Valid values include "A4" for ISO A4 and "na_let‐ ter_8.5x11in" for US Letter. OPTIONS FOR THE CONFIGURABLE TEXT (*.txt) EXPORTER sheet Name of the workbook sheet to operate on. eol End Of Line convention; how lines are terminated. "unix" for linefeed, "mac" for carriage return; "windows" for carriage return plus linefeed. charset The character encoding of the output. Defaults to UTF-8. locale The locale to use for number and date formatting. Defaults to the current locale as reported by locale(1). Consult locale -a output for acceptable values. quote The character or string used for quoting fields. Defaults to "\"" (quotation mark / double quote). separator The string used to separate fields. Defaults to space. format How cells should be formatted. Acceptable values: "automatic" (apply automatic formatting; default), "raw" (output data raw, unformatted), or "preserve" (preserve the formatting from the source document). This deals with the difference between a cell's contents and the way those contents are formatted. Consider a cell in a Gnumeric input document that was input as "4/19/73" in a US locale, with a format set to "d-mmm-yyyy" and thus formatted as "19-Apr-1973". With the default format setting of "automatic" it will be output as "1973/04/19". With "preserve", the formatting will be preserved and it will be output as "19-Apr-1973". With "raw" it will be out‐ put as "26773" (Gnumeric's internal representation: days since an epoch). transliterate-mode How to handle unrepresentable characters (characters that cannot be represented in the chosen output character set). Acceptable values: "transliterate", or "escape". quoting-mode When does data need to be quoted? "never", "auto" (puts quotes where needed), or "always". Defaults to "never". quoting-on-whitespace Controls whether initial or terminal whitespace forces quoting. Defaults to TRUE. EXAMPLE To convert the Gnumeric file foo.gnumeric to a Microsoft Excel(TM) format file foo.xls: ssconvert foo.gnumeric foo.xls The export format can be specified explicitly, to override the default (which is based on the file extension): ssconvert --export-type=Gnumeric_stf:stf_csv foo.xls foo.txt To convert an Excel format file statfuns.xls to a text file, specifying the semicolon as the separator character: ssconvert -O 'separator=; format=raw' samples/excel/statfuns.xls stat‐ funs.txt LICENSE ssconvert is licensed under the terms of the General Public License (GPL), version 2. For information on this license look at the source code that came with the software or see the GNU project page ⟨http:// www.gnu.org⟩. COPYRIGHT The copyright on the Gnumeric software and source code is held by the individual authors as is documented in the source code. AUTHOR ssconvert's primary author is Jody Goldberg<EMAIL_ADDRESS>ssconvert builds on the Gnumeric codebase. The initial version of this manpage was written by J.H.M. Dassen (Ray<EMAIL_ADDRESS>SEE ALSO gnumeric(1), ssgrep(1), ssindex(1) The Gnumeric Homepage ⟨http://www.gnome.org/projects/gnumeric/⟩. The GNOME project page ⟨http://www.gnome.org/⟩. gnumeric 2010-09-14 SSCONVERT(1)


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ChapterBoard is a communication and organization tool for Fraternity and Sororities. = html::anchor(Kohana::config('app.public_url'), 'Find out more »') ?>


public interface DynamicLibraryBundleInfo
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
static boolean |
DEBUG |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
List<String> |
getGlueLibNames()
If a
SecurityManager is installed, user needs link permissions
for the named libraries. |
RunnableExecutor |
getLibLoaderExecutor()
Returns a suitable
RunnableExecutor implementation, which is being used
to load the tool and glue native libraries. |
List<String> |
getToolGetProcAddressFuncNameList()
May return the native libraries
|
List<List<String>> |
getToolLibNames()
If a
SecurityManager is installed, user needs link permissions
for the named libraries. |
boolean |
shallLinkGlobal() |
boolean |
shallLookupGlobal()
If method returns
true and if a SecurityManager is installed, user needs link permissions
for all libraries, i.e. |
long |
toolGetProcAddress(long toolGetProcAddressHandle,
String funcName)
May implement the lookup function using the Tools facility.
The actual function pointer is provided to allow proper bootstrapping of the ProcAddressTable, using one of the provided function names by getToolGetProcAddressFuncNameList() . |
boolean |
useToolGetProcAdressFirst(String funcName) |
List<List<String>> getToolLibNames()
SecurityManager
is installed, user needs link permissions
for the named libraries.List<String> getGlueLibNames()
SecurityManager
is installed, user needs link permissions
for the named libraries.List<String> getToolGetProcAddressFuncNameList()
GetProcAddressFuncnames, the first found function is being used.
glXGetProcAddressARB, glXGetProcAddressARB.
toolGetProcAddress(long, String)
long toolGetProcAddress(long toolGetProcAddressHandle, String funcName)
getToolGetProcAddressFuncNameList()
.boolean useToolGetProcAdressFirst(String funcName)
funcName
- toolGetProcAddress(long, String)
shall be tried before
the system loader for the given function lookup. Otherwise false.
Default is true.boolean shallLinkGlobal()
boolean shallLookupGlobal()
true
and if a SecurityManager
is installed, user needs link permissions
for all libraries, i.e. for new RuntimePermission("loadLibrary.*");
!RunnableExecutor getLibLoaderExecutor()
RunnableExecutor
implementation, which is being used
to load the tool
and glue
native libraries.
This allows the generic DynamicLibraryBundle
implementation to
load the native libraries on a designated thread.
An implementation may return DynamicLibraryBundle.getDefaultRunnableExecutor()
.


Focus sink:
Click me:
Click me!
Click me!
Click
the nested
element
Click
the nested
element with no href
Click me, I will not follow the link!
Click jacked!
Click Me


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{% extends 'base.html' %} {%block content%} was ist etz thema Sticky Footer, Marco Mettke {{today | date:"d.m.y"}} Thema 3
Sticky Footer, Marco Mettke {{today | date:"d.m.y"}}
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In silico selection of RNA aptamers for a target protein based on discriminative classifiers and the Monte-Carlo tree search
Please confirm the right form to generate candidate aptamer sequences that have high binding affinity about the target protein sequence. After finish the task, we will send alarm email and check your results on the 'Results' page.
Please write your e-mail and unique task ID on the form. After the prediction job finished, we will send a notification through the e-mail and you can check the predictions in our result page.
You can predict with specific length aptamer sequences (Aptammer length). The iteration is the number of loop in MCTS-seq sampling phase. Most important thing is a target protein sequence. Please write the amino-acid sequence of target protein in the form. MCTS-seq calculates a binding affinity score between sampled sequence and the protein. The results are used for better sample extraction.


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Second Year Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Student at Thakur College of Engineering and Technology, Mumbai.
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<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>+91<PHONE_NUMBER>


| < Day Day Up > |
Hack 9 Customize User Configurations
Now that you know how to set up a useful environment for yourself, it's time to share the wealth. It's very easy for a system administrator to ensure that each newly created user starts out with the same configuration files. For example, every user can receive the same customized prompt, shell variables, or hotkeys. Whenever you create a new user, several default (and hidden, or dot, files) are copied into the new user's home directory. In FreeBSD, the source of these files is /usr/share/skel/. Any customizations you make to these files will be seen by all subsequently created users. Do note that you'll have to manually copy over any modified files to existing users. It's useful to understand these files, as they apply to every user you create. Depending upon your needs, you'll probably end up removing some of the defaults, customizing others, and even adding a few of your own. 1.10.1 Default FilesLet's take a quick tour of the default files: % ls -l /usr/share/skel total 24 drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Jul 28 16:09 ./ drwxr-xr-x 27 root wheel 512 Jul 28 16:06 ../ -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 921 Jul 28 16:09 dot.cshrc -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 248 Jul 28 16:09 dot.login -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 158 Jul 28 16:09 dot.login_conf -rw------- 1 root wheel 371 Jul 28 16:09 dot.mail_aliases -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 331 Jul 28 16:09 dot.mailrc -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 797 Jul 28 16:09 dot.profile -rw------- 1 root wheel 276 Jul 28 16:09 dot.rhosts -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 975 Jul 28 16:09 dot.shrc Note that each starts with the word dot. However, when the files are copied into a user's home directory, the dots turn into literal dots (.). Also, the files in this directory are owned by root, but when a new user is created, the copied over files will change ownership as they are placed in that user's home directory. <IP_ADDRESS> dot.cshrcLet's examine each default file, starting with dot.cshrc. ( [Hack #2] introduced several .cshrc hacks.) If you'd like new users to receive your customizations, simply replace /usr/share/skel/dot.cshrc with your hacked version of .cshrc. Don't forget to rename the file as you copy it: # cp /root/.cshrc /usr/share/skel/dot.cshrc Here, I overwrote the default dot.cshrc by copying over the superuser's customized version of .cshrc. Although you could edit /usr/share/skel/dot.cshrc directly, you may find it more convenient to have a customized copy stored elsewhere. All isn't lost if you already have existing users whom you'd like to receive this file. First, find out what users already exist and have home directories. This is a quick way to do so: # ls /usr/home dru test Since this system has only two existing users, it's an easy matter to copy over my customized .cshrc. I'm also a lazy typist, so I use ~ instead of typing out /usr/home. Also note that I have to remember to manually change ownership: # cp /root/.cshrc ~dru/ # chown dru ~dru/.cshrc # cp /root/.cshrc ~test/ # chown test ~test/.cshrc If your system already contains many users, you'll probably prefer to write a script. Here is an example: #!/usr/bin/perl -w # copydotfiles.pl # - copy default files to user directories # - change ownership of those files # You may wish to change these constants for your system: use constant HOMEDIR => '/usr/home'; use constant SKELDIR => '/usr/share/skel'; use constant PREFIX => 'dot'; use strict; use File::Copy; use File::Spec::Functions; die "Usage: $0 <files> <to> <copy>\n" unless @ARGV; for my $user ( get_users( ) ) { for my $dotfile (@ARGV) { my $source = catfile( SKELDIR( ), PREFIX( ) . $dotfile ); my $dest = catfile( $user->{homedir}, $dotfile ); if (-e $dest) { warn "Skipping existing dotfile $dest...\n"; next; } copy( $source, $dest ) or die "Cannot copy $source to $dest: $!\n"; chown( $user->{uid}, $dest ); } } sub get_users { local *DIRHANDLE; opendir( DIRHANDLE, HOMEDIR( ) ) or die "Cannot open home directory: $!\n"; my @users; while (my $directory = readdir( DIRHANDLE )) { next if $directory =~ /^\./; my $path = File::Spec->catdir( HOMEDIR( ), $directory ); my $uid = getpwnam( $directory ); next unless -d $path; next unless $uid; push @users, { homedir => $path, uid => $uid }; } return @users; } This script first examines all of the users with home directories, returning a list of those directories and the user IDs. It loops through that list, copying each dot file you provided on the command line to that user's home directory and changing the ownership to the user. If you run it as: # copydotfiles.pl .cshrc all users will receive a new .cshrc file, unless one already exists. <IP_ADDRESS> dot.loginThe next file, dot.login, is used only by the csh and tcsh shells. If your users don't plan on using these shells, you can safely remove this file from /usr/share/skel. If your users do use those shells, consider whether there are any commands you would like to run when users log in. Note that this file is read after .cshrc. By default, the only uncommented line in this file is: % grep -v '#' /usr/share/skel/dot.login [ -x /usr/games/fortune ] && /usr/games/fortune freebsd-tips Here, I used the reverse filter switch -v to the grep search utility to look for all the lines that do not begin with the # comment symbol. The resulting line tells the shell to run the fortune program. If you chose to install the games distribution when you installed FreeBSD, your fortune appears just before the MOTD whenever you login. Have you ever noticed that you don't receive a fortune when you use su? That's because .login is only read when you log in, and the default invocation of su does not actually log you in. Instead, it opens what is known as a nonlogin shell. You also get one of those every time you open an xterm. Basically, the only time you get a real login shell is when you type in your username and password at a login prompt. Herein lies the difference between .cshrc and .login. Place what you would like to happen only when you log in into .login, and place what you would like to happen whenever you use the csh shell, even if it isn't a login shell, into .cshrc. If you don't see the need for a difference, you don't need /usr/share/skel/dot.login. <IP_ADDRESS> dot.login_confReading the default contents of dot.login_conf will give you an idea of its purpose and where to go for additional information: % more /usr/share/skel/dot.login_conf # $FreeBSD: src/share/skel/dot.login_conf,v 1.3 2001/06/10 17:08:53 ache Exp $ # # see login.conf(5) # #me:\ # :charset=iso-8859-1:\ # :lang=de_DE.ISO8859-1: Note that this file is commented by default, but shows the syntax a user can use to create a customized .login.conf. Usually such settings are set in the globally administrated /etc/login.conf file, and individual users can override only some of those settings. If your users don't have a need or the know-how to configure those settings, you can safely remove this file from /usr/share/skel. <IP_ADDRESS> dot.mail_aliases and dot.mailrcThe next two files work hand in hand and customize the behavior of man mail. Since it is quite rare to find users who still rely on the original mail program, you can safely remove those files. <IP_ADDRESS> dot.profileThe dot.profile file is read by the Bourne, bash, and Korn shells. It is the only file read when a user logs into a Bourne shell, the first file read when a user logs into the Korn shell, and is optional for bash users. If your users don't use the Bourne or Korn shells, there's not much sense populating their home directories with this file. Depending upon your slant, you may wish to keep this file in order to place path statements and environment variables for use with Bourne shell scripts. However, most users tend to place those directly into the script itself to allow for portability. If your users wish to use the bash shell, which isn't installed by default, keep in mind that .profile allows a user to override the settings found in the global /etc/profile file. You may find it easier to make your edits to the global file and then remove /usr/share/skel/dot.profile. More sophisticated users can always create their own ~/.profile. However, most bash users tend to make their modifications to ~/.bash_profile. <IP_ADDRESS> dot.rhostsDid you happen to notice in the earlier long listing that this file has different permissions from most of the other files? If you read man rhosts, you'll see that this file is ignored if it is writable by any user other than the owner of the file. So, when is this file used? It's used when a user types one of the r* commands: rsh, rcp, or rlogin. I won't show you how to set up this file or use those commands, as they were designed for use back in the days when networks were considered trusted. They've pretty well been replaced by ssh and scp, which provide a much safer way to log into remote systems and to transfer files. For this reason, I always remove /usr/share/skel/dot.rhosts from my systems. <IP_ADDRESS> dot.shrcThe last default file is dot.shrc. As you may have guessed, it is the rc file for sh, the Bourne shell. Again, if your users don't log into that shell, they won't miss this file. 1.10.2 Missing (but Useful) Dot FilesNow that we've had the opportunity to look at the default files, it's time to consider any useful missing files. <IP_ADDRESS> dot.logoutWe've already seen that ~/.login is read when a user logs into the csh or tcsh shells. Not surprisingly, ~/.logout is read when a user logs out of their login shell. This is an excellent place to put commands you would like to execute as a user logs out. It could be something as simple as: # more dot.logout # this line clears your screen when you logout clear # add your own commands or scripts, one line at a time, # which you would like to execute # whenever you logout and leave your terminal This dot.logout will clear the user's terminal, making it much neater for the next person who logs in. Notice that I commented this file, so the user is aware of its use. When creating your own dot files, use lots of comments. If you intend for your users to customize their own dot files, use comments that explain the syntax they can use when they do their modifications. dot.logout can run any command or script that suits a user's needs. Here are some ideas to get your imagination rolling:
<IP_ADDRESS> dot.xinitrcI also find it very useful to create a custom dot.xinitrc. By default, users receive the extremely lightweight twm window manager. Since I usually install KDE, this line ensures that each user will receive that window manager instead: # more dot.xinitrc exec startkde You can also specify which programs you would like to launch when a user types startx and their ~/.xinitrc file kicks in. For example, this is a popular line to add: # more dot.xinitrc exec xterm & exec startkde This starts an xterm in the background. Notice the & at the end of its line—this is to ensure that once xterm loads, it doesn't interfere with any other programs that are still loading. When you're creating your own dot.xinitrc, you can start any program you like. However, start your window manager last. Start your other programs, one line at a time, putting an & at the end of each line. The only line that does not have an & will be the very last line, the one that loads your window manager. Since I prefer to start my browser instead of an xterm, here is my customized dot.xinitrc: #to start another program when you "startx", type: #exec path_to_program & #before these lines exec /usr/X11R6/bin/mozilla & exec startkde There are dozens of possibilities for customized dot files. Take stock of your own systems, and ask yourself: "What programs do my users use?" For example, if your users use bash, vim, screen, procmail, or fetchmail, why not start them off with a customized configuration file that contains comments on how to add their own customizations and URLs of where to go for further ideas? A little homework and creativity on your part can help your users get the most out of the utilities they use on a daily basis. 1.10.3 Editing /usr/src/share/skel/MakefileLet's end this hack by examining where the default dot files in /usr/share/skel came from in the first place. You'll find the answer here: % ls /usr/src/share/skel ./ dot.login dot.profile ../ dot.login_conf dot.rhosts Makefile dot.mail_aliases dot.shrc dot.cshrc dot.mailrc That Makefile controls the installation of those files: # more /usr/src/share/skel/Makefile # @(#)Makefile 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/8/93 # $FreeBSD: src/share/skel/Makefile,v 1.8 2002/07/29 09:40:13 ru Exp $ FILES1= dot.cshrc dot.login dot.login_conf dot.mailrc dot.profile dot.shrc FILES2= dot.mail_aliases dot.rhosts MODE1= 0644 MODE2= 0600 NOOBJ= noobj all clean cleandir depend lint tags: install: ${INSTALL} -o ${BINOWN} -g ${BINGRP} -m ${MODE1} ${FILES1} \ ${DESTDIR}${BINDIR}/skel ${INSTALL} -o ${BINOWN} -g ${BINGRP} -m ${MODE2} ${FILES2} \ ${DESTDIR}${BINDIR}/skel .include <bsd.prog.mk> Even if you've never read a Makefile before, you'll find it's not too hard to figure out what's going on if you already know which results to expect. In this Makefile, FILES=1 is simply a list of files to install. Take a look at MODE1; it tells the chmod command what permissions to set on those files. Similarly, FILES=2 is another list of files. Those two files had different permissions, which were defined by MODE2. Move down to the install section. Don't worry so much about the syntax; rather, notice the pattern. The first set of files are installed and their mode is applied. Then the second set of files are installed with their mode. It's an easy matter to customize this file to reflect the dot files you'd like to see installed. In this example, I only want to install my custom versions of dot.cshrc, dot.login, and dot.xinitrc. Since they all require the first mode, I'll remove any references to the second set of files: # cd /usr/src/share/skel # cp Makefile Makefile.orig # vi Makefile # @(#)Makefile 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/8/93 # my customized dot files to be installed into /usr/share/skel FILES1= dot.cshrc dot.login dot.xinitrc MODE1= 0644 NOOBJ= noobj all clean cleandir depend lint tags: install: ${INSTALL} -o ${BINOWN} -g ${BINGRP} -m ${MODE1} ${FILES1} \ ${DESTDIR}${BINDIR}/skel .include <bsd.prog.mk> Now let's try a test run. I'll replace the default dot files found in /usr/src/share/skel with my customized versions. I'll then remove the contents of /usr/share/skel and see what happens when I run my customized Makefile: # cd /usr/src/share/skel # rm dot.* # cp ~/mystuff/dot.* . # rm /usr/share/skel/* # ls /usr/share/skel # make install install -o root -g wheel -m 0644 dot.cshrc dot.login dot.xinitrc /usr/share/skel # ls /usr/share/skel dot.cshrc dot.login dot.xinitrc I find it very handy to keep a copy of my customized Makefile and dot files in a separate directory, in this case ~/mystuff. This ensures they are backed up. It's easy for me to grab those files whenever I want to customize a particular system. It's especially important to use a separate location if you use cvsup to keep your system up-to-date. Otherwise, your next update will notice your modified src and happily replace those missing original source files. But don't worry; it won't touch your new /usr/share/skel. Of course, sometimes this is a very useful trick in itself. If you ever mess up a file located somewhere within /usr/src, a quick cvsup will put everything back the way it was. See [Hack #80] for details on automating cvsup. 1.10.4 The Other BSDsThe preceding discussion is based on FreeBSD, but it also applies to NetBSD and OpenBSD systems, save for a few tiny differences outlined here. <IP_ADDRESS> NetBSDNetBSD administrators will find the skeleton home directory in /etc/skel. Specify a different location by passing the -k option to useradd. <IP_ADDRESS> OpenBSDOpenBSD systems store the skeleton home directory in /etc/skel. Specify a different skeleton directory location by passing the -dotdir option to adduser. 1.10.5 See Also
|
| < Day Day Up > |


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jmlr jmlr2008 jmlr2008-25 jmlr2008-25-reference knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
Source: pdf
Author: Gérard Biau, Luc Devroye, Gábor Lugosi
Abstract: In the last years of his life, Leo Breiman promoted random forests for use in classiﬁcation. He suggested using averaging as a means of obtaining good discrimination rules. The base classiﬁers used for averaging are simple and randomized, often based on random samples from the data. He left a few questions unanswered regarding the consistency of such rules. In this paper, we give a number of theorems that establish the universal consistency of averaging rules. We also show that some popular classiﬁers, including one suggested by Breiman, are not universally consistent. Keywords: random forests, classiﬁcation trees, consistency, bagging This paper is dedicated to the memory of Leo Breiman.


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Even if you have made attempts to settle before making a claim, parties can often reach a resolution before a hearing.
75% of defended claims are resolved before a hearing.
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public class InferenceForFactorGraphAndEvidence
extends java.lang.Object
SGVET
.| Constructor and Description |
|---|
InferenceForFactorGraphAndEvidence(FactorsAndTypes factorsAndTypes,
boolean isBayesianNetwork,
Expression evidence,
boolean useFactorization,
Theory optionalTheory)
Constructs a solver for a factor graph and an evidence expression.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
Expression |
evaluate(Expression expression)
Symbolically evaluates an expression into a solution (possibly nested if then else expression).
|
Expression |
getEvidenceProbability() |
java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String> |
getMapFromRandomVariableNameToTypeName() |
Theory |
getTheory() |
void |
interrupt() |
Context |
makeContextWithTypeInformation()
Makes context with all the type information on this inferencer.
|
Expression |
simplify(Expression expression)
Simplifies an expression without requiring a context with all the type information (creating it from scratch);
use
simplify(Expression, Context) instead for greater efficient if you already have such a context,
or if you are invoking this method multiple times (you can make the context only once with makeContextWithTypeInformation() . |
Expression |
simplify(Expression expression,
Context context)
Simplifies an expression given context with all the type information already built-in
(one can be built with
makeContextWithTypeInformation() . |
Expression |
solve(Expression queryExpression)
Returns the marginal/posterior for the query expression;
if the query expression is not a random variable,
the result is expressed in terms of a symbol 'query'.
|
Expression |
sum(java.util.List<Expression> indices,
Expression expression) |
public InferenceForFactorGraphAndEvidence(FactorsAndTypes factorsAndTypes, boolean isBayesianNetwork, Expression evidence, boolean useFactorization, Theory optionalTheory)
factorsAndTypes
- the factors and their type information over which inference is to be performed.isBayesianNetwork
- indicates if the factor graph is a bayesian network (each potential function in normalized for one of its variables, forms a DAG).evidence
- an Expression representing the evidenceuseFactorization
- indicates whether to use factorization (as in Variable Elimination)optionalTheory
- the theory to be used; if null, a default one is used (as of May 2017, a compound theory with propositional, equalities on categorical types, difference arithmetic, and real linear arithmetic).public Expression getEvidenceProbability()
public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String> getMapFromRandomVariableNameToTypeName()
public void interrupt()
public Theory getTheory()
public Expression solve(Expression queryExpression)
public Expression sum(java.util.List<Expression> indices, Expression expression)
indices
- expression
- public Expression evaluate(Expression expression)
expression
- public Expression simplify(Expression expression)
simplify(Expression, Context)
instead for greater efficient if you already have such a context,
or if you are invoking this method multiple times (you can make the context only once with makeContextWithTypeInformation()
.expression
- public Expression simplify(Expression expression, Context context)
makeContextWithTypeInformation()
.expression
- context
- public Context makeContextWithTypeInformation()


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Clue #1
Make it to "Land of the Tobacco Pipe", located between the Hackensack and Hudson river, half a nautical mile south from the underwater passage you will find a red brick structure in the pier. Your gaze will meet the sight of a glimering city island.


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WITNESS LIST Jurisprudence Committee February 26, 2001 - 1:30P SB 113 FOR: Levy, MD, Eric N. Physician (Texas Pediatric Society and Texas Medical Association), Amarillo, TX Merrifield, John Insurance (self and family), Fort Worth, TX Richards, Jean mom (Texas PTA - District 10), Richardson, TX AGAINST: Joiner, Gary Associate Legislative Director (Texas Farm Bureau), Austin, TX ON: Sherman, Major E. C. Police Officer (Texas Department of Public Safety), Austin, TX Warren, Beth Coordinator - Occupant Safety Programs (Texas Department of Public Safety), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Feather, Robert K. Vice President (Cook Children's Health Care System), Fort Worth, TX Phipps, Candie (Texas Pediatric Society), Austin, TX Tounget, Craig Director of Governmental Relations (Texas PTA), Austin, TX Young, Jenny Policy Analyst (Texas Medical Association), Austin, TX SB 181 FOR: Harrison, Glen Judge - 32nd District Court (32nd Judicial District), Sweetwater, TX SB 276 ON: Esquivel, Eddie State Government (Department of Information Resources), Austin, TX Joyner, Guy Attorney - Chief Legal Support Unit (Office of the Texas Secretary of State), Austin, TX Mauzy, Renee Attorney (Department of Information Resources), Austin, TX SB 719 Registering, but not testifying: For: Woodford, Suzy Executive Director (Common Cause - TX), Austin, TX


BIGBANG's 'Fantastic Baby' was plagiarized by an Indian Movie
by boma-kimBig Bang's "Fantastic Baby" has been plagiarized by an Indian Telugu movie titled 'Mr. Pellikoduku' and it was uploaded on YouTube back on September 30, 2013.
This is completely wrong. They used the whole chorus and didn't even bother to remove G-Dragon's voice in the intro. As a VIP I am completely annoyed and angry. It's one thing to be inspired by others, but it's a completely different matter when you choose to simply steal someone's else work. This is just downright wrong.


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Date | ||||||||||
| Highly Skilled | Skilled | Semi Skilled | Unskilled | ||||||||
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| Wage Period | Month: {%= filters.month %} Year: {%= filters.year %} |
Work order | 25869172 |
| SI No | Employee ID | Name | {% for(var j=0, k=1; jSummary No of Days | Remarks No of Hours | Signature Of Register keeper |
{% for(var i=0, l=32; i|
{% for(var i=1, l=32; i |
|
|
Employee Share PF Welfare
|
{% } %}
|
|---|


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Using the Cross Platform Launcher Plugin
The ideal module structure for your project would have several modules:
- a parent module to define overall build/plugin settings
- your main application code in one module (e.g. my-app-code)
- any platform-specific code (e.g. OS-specific menu/look & feel initialisation) in separate modules per OS (e.g. my-app-windows, my-app-macosx, my-app-kde, my-app-gnome)
- a launcher module for each platform - note that this plugin builds the launcher structure to contain a module's dependencies, and not any code that is produced in that module, so it is advised to separate the platform-specific code (see previous section) into a module on its own, and have a parallel launcher module per platform (e.g. my-app-windows-launcher, my-app-macosx-launcher, my-app-kde-launcher, my-app-gnome-launcher)
- you may then add platform-specific packaging to these launcher modules (.msi, .dmg, .deb/.rpm as appropriate)
To use the Cross Platform Launcher Plugin in Maven 2, you simply need to:
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- the resulting launcher directory structure is created under the target/macosx, target/windows or target/linux directory
- if you added the archive stage, the archive of the launcher structure (.zip on Windows; .tar.gz on Mac OS X and Linux) is created in your target directory.


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--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/Backtracking.html ---
Let's say I have a finite list of tactics (with no arguments) that I'd like to try on a state. I'd like to do a breath first search with this list of tactics. Two questions:
(I'm not actually interested in this exact application per say, but I'm trying to understand how flexible tree searching is in Lean tactics.)
Actually, I realize the answer to (1) is true, but the algorithm I have in mind isn't pretty. The top tactic enumerates all the finite partial paths through the tree in BFS order and then repeatedly tries to execute the sub tactics in that order. However, it is algorithms like this which make me ask the second question. Is there anything more efficient?
Maybe after applying a string of tactics, e.g. A, B, A, C if it succeeds one can record the partial term proof so far and store it in a map object. Whenever a path extending that path comes up again, one can just execute the term instead of the tactics, but I don't know if this is entirely possible.
Another possibility is that it is possible to save all the expressions in a goal stack and manually set that goal stack. (This might only partially work, since I assume changing the goals isn't sound, so if a tactic does it, the final proof won't work.)
Sure, it's no problem.
Backtracking is free.
How does one do it?
You can use get_state
and set_state
, and pass the tactic_state
terms around however you please.
I'm not sure from what you say if you already know about s <|> t
which runs s
, and if that fails restores the previous state, then runs t
.
I do know about s <|> t
. I don't just want to backtrack on fails.
try_core t
, which returns an none
if t
fails, and some a
if t
returns a
and get_state
/ set_state
should allow you to do anything you like
without any re-running tactics.
We have lots of "time-travelling" tactics in tactic.core
.
Follow up question: Can you use get_state
's output as a key in a rbmap
or rbset
?
no
Is "no" addressed to the last comment? If so, I agree, tactic.core
doesn't have much of this.
I think there is a tactic for checking if the goal has changed
but you can't hash the entire state (from lean)
tactic.suggest
does a certain amount of manipulation of tactic_state
.
Oh -- I don't know if @Jason Rute is actually talking about detecting multiple paths in the graph of tactic_state
s and state transitions.
My reading of his question was that he was happy to treat it as a tree.
And the point of the question is about breadth first, rather than depth first, search.
My thoughts are many level's deep. I've moved from tree to graph. With a tree, I can key each node by the path if needed. As a graph, I could record all the expressions in the goals (including the local context and target) if I really want to.
I don't actually know why you need to compare tactic_state
objects for your original use case
I probably don't, but I was just curious.
Even if you could, the relation would probably be too fine for your needs
If you want to deduplicate nodes in the tree, you should focus on the important things that future tactics will be looking at: the goal statement and the hypotheses. I don't know if you are treating multiple goals differently
I would avoid comparing tactic_state
for now, and make sure you know how to do a BFS search of the tree resulting from tactic applications.
I can write something if you'd like some hints; it's probably only a few lines long.
Thanks. This was very informative. I think I know where to start, but if you every feel inclined, I'd be happy to see some code. :slight_smile:
I haven't attempted to polish this at all, or test anything beyond the example, but:
import tactic.core open tactic meta def run_for_state {α : Type} (t : tactic α) : tactic (option (tactic_state × α)) := do a ← try_core t, s ← get_state, return $ a.map (prod.mk s) meta def which_succeed (tactics : list (tactic unit)) (state : tactic_state) : tactic (list (ℕ × tactic_state)) := do os ← tactics.enum.mmap (λ p : ℕ × tactic unit, do set_state state, r ← run_for_state p.2, return $ r.map (λ ⟨s', _⟩, (p.1, s'))), return $ (os.map (option.to_list)).join meta def bfs (tactics : list (tactic unit)) : tactic (list (list ℕ)) := (done >> return [[]]) <|> (do s ← get_state, rs ← which_succeed tactics s, ns ← rs.mmap (λ r, do set_state r.2, ns ← bfs, return $ ns.map (λ n, r.1 :: n)), return ns.join) example : ℕ × ℕ := begin bfs [`[exact 0], `[exact 1], `[split]] >>= trace, end
Thanks! Let me play with the code a little, so I understand everything.
First, think I need to upgrade from 3.4.2. I wonder what I've been missing out...
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


--- title: Covid Act Now date: 2020-04-04 start: 2020 end: 2020 link: https://covidactnow.org featured_image: teams/covidactnow.jpg role: Product Manager ---
I worked with Covid Act Now as a product manager for two months during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially launched to encourage states to enact shelter in place orders, the website transformed as the pandemic and responses evolved. I helped to launch a redesigned homepage, county and state pages, including new metrics, email alerts, and dynamic share images per state and county that update daily.


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StateMachine
Swift library to create Finite-state machines inspired by GKStateMachine from Apple GameplayKit framework.
🌟 Features
- [x] Define States and Their Behavior.
- [x] Create and Drive a State Machine.
- [x] Subscribe/unsubscribe to State changes.
- [x] UIApplication and UIApplicationDelegate extensions with application life cycle State Machine embedded.
- [x] StatefulViewController subclass with UIViewController life cycle State Machine embedded.
📲 Installation
StateMachine is available through CocoaPods. To install it, simply add the following line to your Podfile:
pod 'ArchitStateMachine'
Or you can install it with Carthage:
github "alexruperez/StateMachine"
Or install it with Swift Package Manager:
dependencies: [
.package(url: "https://github.com/alexruperez/StateMachine.git")
]
🐒 Usage
Define States and Their Behavior:
class MyState: State {
func isValidNext<S>(state type: S.Type) -> Bool where S : State {
switch type {
case is OneValidNextState.Type, is OtherValidNextState.Type:
return true
default:
return false
}
}
}
class OneValidNextState: State {
func isValidNext<S>(state type: S.Type) -> Bool where S : State {
return type is OtherValidNextState.Type
}
func didEnter(from previous: State?) {
// Your code here
}
}
class OtherValidNextState: State {
func isValidNext<S>(state type: S.Type) -> Bool where S : State {
return false
}
func willExit(to next: State) {
// Your code here
}
}
Create and Drive a State Machine:
let stateMachine = StateMachine([MyState(), OneValidNextState(), OtherValidNextState()])
stateMachine.enter(OneValidNextState.self)
stateMachine.enter(OtherValidNextState.self)
Subscribe/unsubscribe to State changes:
let subscriptionIndex = stateMachine.subscribe { (previous, current) in
// Your code here
}
stateMachine.unsubscribe(subscriptionIndex)
UIApplication and UIApplicationDelegate extensions with application life cycle State Machine embedded:
if UIApplication.shared.stateMachine.current is ActiveApplicationState {
// Your code here
}
StatefulViewController subclass with UIViewController life cycle State Machine embedded:
let viewController = StatefulViewController()
if viewController.stateMachine.current is AppearingViewControllerState {
// Your code here
}
❤ Etc.
- Contributions are very welcome.
- Attribution is appreciated (let’s spread the word!), but not mandatory.
👨💻 Authors
alexruperez<EMAIL_ADDRESS>👮♂ License
StateMachine is available under the MIT license. See the LICENSE file for more info.


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Motion Chain
A Webcam Game for Crowdsourcing Gesture Collection
Extended Abstracts of ACM SIGCHI, 2012
Markerless Motion Capture in the Crowd
Ian Spiro, Thomas Houston, Christoph Bregler (2012)
Collective Intelligence, 2012
3D Skeletal Reconstruction from Low-resolution Multi-view Images
Mayank Rana, Graham Taylor, Ian Spiro, and Christoph Bregler (2012)
IEEE CVPR Workshop on Human Activity Understanding from 3D Data (HAU3D)
Learning Invariance through Imitation
Graham Taylor, Ian Spiro, Christoph Bregler, and Rob Fergus (2011)
Proceedings of the 24th IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Pose-Sensitive Embedding by Nonlinear NCA Regression
Graham W. Taylor, Rob Fergus, George Williams, Ian Spiro and Christoph Bregler (2010)
Proceedings of Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 23
Hands by Hand: Crowd-sourced Motion Tracking for Gesture Annotation
Ian Spiro, Graham Taylor, George Williams and Chris Bregler (2010)
IEEE CVPR Workshop on Advancing Computer Vision with Humans in the Loop
Eye-Mouse Coordination Patterns on Web Search Results Pages
Kerry Rodden, Xin Fu, Anne Aula, and Ian Spiro (2008)
Extended Abstracts of ACM SIGCHI, 2012
I created Cryptagram to enhance online photo privacy by adding password protection to JPEG images. Image data is first encrypted then encoded as shades of gray that are written to a new image. The protocol is robust to a limited amount of JPEG compression so that uploading a Cryptagram to a social network will not corrupt the embedded data.
Cryptagram includes a browser extension so that images can be decrypted in-place. This means users can maintain the same basic experience of any social media or website. I wrote the Chrome Extension, making extensive use of object-oriented JavaScript through the Closure framework.
The Cryptagram Encoder is a drag-and-drop web application that resizes, encrypts and encodes images 100% client-side. Written in JavaScript / Closure.
Motion Chain is a game where players collaboratively build a video corpus of human gesture. I created the concept and implemented it with PHP, CodeIgniter, and Flash. Motion Chain won the CHI 2012 Student Game Competition for best serious game. video
In Charades mode, users create short clips and friends try to guess the answer.
As a member of the Movement Lab, I have assisted in a variety of challenging motion capture shoots. We collaborated with the New York Times on several movement-oriented digital features. We captured the conductor of the NY Philharmonic , an Olympic swimmer and two Olympic divers.
I developed a keyframe-based rotoscoping tool for use on Mechanical Turk, written in Flash with a backend in PHP for queueing and managing tasks. The pipeline produces tracking of human subjects quickly and cheaply. video
I supervised a rewrite of the system in JavaScript and scaled it to handle larger marker sets. We have used the system to obtain 13-point 2D motion capture of iconic walk cycles and baseball pitches. video
I made an iOS app that does real-time filtering on photos and video. Image processing is achieved with C++ code that leverages OpenCV. video
Squidball is a motion-capture-based system for crowd gaming. A Vicon system produces motion capture data which is streamed through a server to the game engine. For five days, we ran live events at Ars Electronica in 2010.
I created several programs on top of the Squidball platform with Processing including a breakout game where the crowd attempts to break the virtual blocks.

I created the Tachistoscope with Processing and PHP. Users type in search queries which are used to retrieve 30 relevant images from Google Images. Images are played back at high frame rate to create visual ambiance. Framerate and other variables are controlled with a MIDI keyboard. video
I used Processing to create Hottest or Not. The software displays live thermal camera data and highlights, objectively, the hottest person in the room. video
I made Dot Party with C++ and OpenCV. Videos uploaded through the Dot Show app appear at random, creating a visual experience that is consistent but always changing. video
Dot Show is an iOS app that converts video into green dots– pure motion signal that greatly obfuscates human identity. The early iPhone API did not allow image processing so the app uploads to a remote server where video is processed in C++ / OpenCV. I developed the modot filter as an extension of Lucas-Kanade optical flow. video
Wlog is a site I built for keeping track of my progress walking around New York City, written in JavaScript with the Google Maps API.
In the newer version of Wlog, I record my progress with GPS. I use RunKeeper on an iPhone then export the data as KML. As an experiment, I am tracking my coordinates for all of 2013.
Sometimes I sketch abstract forms using myself as a pencil and upload the results to a Tumblr blog.
I wrote Plenovision in Objective C++ / Cocoa for a final class project. The application interactively visualizes the concept of the light field in 2D, as explained in the writeup.
During an internship at Google, I had the pleasure of working on the first Gmail April Fool's prank. I created the concept, co-wrote the copy, and worked with product managers to get the right visual feel.
I worked with a designer to create a homepage for my floor at NYU. Using CSS, I converted Photoshop mocks into a PmWiki skin so the site could be updated without writing HTML.
I designed and built homepages for two Stanford professors.
I implemented a design for this fashion company's homepage in Flash.
The header logo was dynamically generated by culling images from blogs that started with the appropriate letter.
I implemented a basic storefront with PHP and the PayPal API.
We Feel Fine is a web-based art project by Jon Harris and Sep Kamvar that tries to visualize how the blogosphere is feeling. I helped build and maintain the data collection system to harvest fifteen to twenty-thousand sentences per day.
The interface allows users to search across millions of records for feelings matching any combination of six variables. I implemented sharding on the MySQL database to allow these queries to happen in a reasonable amount of time.
Houndbite is a podcasting site based on audience-submitted content. I consulted on the concept and design and did the entire build in PHP plus a Flash audio player. This also included user registration, voting, integration of a Java recording applet, a store, and administrative tools for maintaining the site.
Dlog is a visualization of the writing process I created with JavaScript. As a user types, all text and edits are captured down to the millisecond. The document can then be played back as a movie.
Dlog documents can be saved to the server for future playback and shared with others. Documents can be saved as hidden, read-only, or password-protected. Data is stored as zipped JSON in MySQL. Some examples: a blog post, a poem, a screenplay treatment
I built Fast Food Maps with PHP, JavaScript and the Google Maps API. I scraped and geocoded fifty-thousand locations from public websites with shell scripts. This was the first Maps mashup that could handle so many data points. The site appeared in Wired Magazine, The Wall Street Journal, and the MoMA exhibit Design and the Elastic Mind.
The Maps API could not handle more than a few hundred markers at a time, a limitation I overcame by aggregating points based on zoom level and by only drawing markers that appear in the current view. As the user drags, new location data is seamlessly downloaded and rendered.
I created static visualizations with Matlab and Illustrator to better reveal the overall distribution of each of the ten chains.
I built several Flash games for teen entertainment site Urbaniacs. I turned sprites and audio files into fully functional games. Which Way Is Up? is a coin-toss gambling game.
Flingo Flango is a clone of Joust that includes a basic AI system and simulated squirrel physics.
Goatfist of Fury is a whack-a-mole clone.
I cofounded The Wooden Robot, a comedy group in San Francisco. The Wooden Robot developed a variety of web-content, produced short films, and put on several live shows. My focus was creating comics with Illustrator and interactive Flash pieces.
I used Flash to create an experimental genre that combined humor and games. In Potato Chips, the user controls an articulated arm to guide chips into a robot's mouth. In Cretaceous Quest, the user helps a dinosaur eat grass. Bacon Quest is very easy. The interface for the games is a puzzle, intentionally non-intuitive for comedic value.
I created the Hipster Tee Shirt Generator, one of our most popular pieces. The program uses a grammar and a library of images to generate random shirts that parody a style popular in 2006.
Trainovision is a trick for creating 3D images with a single moving camera. I mounted a web-cam on the window of the Caltrain and recorded movies of the passing landscape. I wrote Java software to combine successive frames from the movie to form stereo pairs.
I curated stills from my 3D movies to show interesting scenes along The Peninsula. Images can be viewed in regular 2D, anaglyph, convergent stereogram or divergent stereogram.
Images are viewable in 3D by wearing red-cyan 3D glasses.
Lifegraph is a design concept I implemented in Illustrator.
I revisited the concept in 2009 for my alma mater class book.
Wedding Towne was the first data-driven website I built. I wrote a script that looked for sites of the form name-and-name.com for all combinations of the thousand most popular names, then checked for the presence of the word wedding. In 2005, there were at least 15,000 such websites.
The site provides access to a wealth of hidden stories, a snapshot of life in the 21st century.
The interface encouraged users to vote for sites and post commentary.
College Prowler is a startup that produced full-length guides for popular universities. I wrote a 150 page guide for Stanford University which was published in October 2005.
I was the editor of the 105th volume of the Stanford Chaparral, the nation's second oldest continuously published humor magazine, which distributes to over 6,000 students. My responsibilities included leading weekly meetings, producing and editing content, designing layouts, and developing business plans.
I regularly collaborated with artists to produce covers. Pictured above are covers I cocreated for the Origins issue and a National Geographic parody.
As art director and eventually editor, I laid out dozens of issues over four years. I liked to combine humor with design to create highly visual pieces.
Each year, the Stanford Chaparral creates a parody issue, that historically included spoofs of publications such as National Geographic, Playbill, and the Sky Mall catalog. My volume of the magazine created a parody of a literal pile of paper. This fictional pile belonged to an eccentric character and included letters, pamphlets, to-do lists, and advertisements.
I created the pile concept, wrote about a third of the content, did most of the layout, and coordinated the complex production of the issue. We produced 3,500 copies of the pile and distributed them haphazardly throughout campus. The project was written up in the The New Yorker.


@
→full documentation
Null character, code point 0 in ASCII. A shortcut character literal.
Add to a code point number to get that character.
@+50 '2' @ @ @+64 '@'


Burtin's Bacteria Data
Showcasing various different methods of particular aspects of bacteria.
Looking at Penicilin
Good ol' Penicilin. What a dapper lad.
Now Comes Streptomycin
A cheeky bugger that one is.
Neomycin Has Weird Trends
And is a weird antibiotic in general.