{% load otree staticfiles %} {% load static %}
In Part {{ Constants.part_fixed }} you will interact with {{ Constants.others }} other players.
At the beginning of the experiment each of you was assigned to one of two groups: ● "{{ circles_label }}"
or ▲ "{{ triangles_label }}" (internal symbol), and was assigned an appearance: ◯ or △
(external symbol) and a numeric label (between 1 and 7 {{ names }}). Your group and appearance are fixed
for all {{ Constants.rounds_fixed }} rounds in Part {{ Constants.part_fixed }} while
your numeric label and your position on the screen will change in each round.
There are 3 stages in each round..
In stage 1, you can propose connections to the other players. A connection with another player is active if both you and the other player propose a connection to each other. Each connection you propose will cost you {{ Constants.link_cost }} {{ Constants.exp_currency }}, independently of whether the other player also proposes a connection to you or not.
In stage 2, you will choose an action: or . You will earn {{ Constants.exp_currency }} depending on your group, the action you choose, and the number of your active connections choosing the same action as you:
If your group is ● "{{ circles_label }}" and you:
If your group is ▲ "{{ triangles_label }}" and you:
In stage 3, you will see how many {{ Constants.exp_currency }} you get in that round. The {{ Constants.exp_currency }} are calculated by the gains of coordinating with your active connections minus the costs of your proposed connections. The border of each player's appearance (◯ or △) shows the action that player chose.
You will participate for {{ Constants.rounds_fixed }} rounds in Part {{ Constants.part_fixed }}. At the end of the experiment the computer will randomly select one of the {{ Constants.rounds_fixed }} rounds. The number of {{ Constants.exp_currency }} you got in the selected round will be added to the total number of points used to determine your payment.


Course Introduction
Lessons
ERC/EIP Landscape
Contract to Contract Interaction
Low level calls
Tokeneconomics
Fungible tokens and NFTs
EIP:20 Compliant token
EIP:721 Compliant token
Contract Development tools
Smart Contract Testing
Smart Contract Security Review
Smart Contract Security Analysis


From the Conf Note button in the CIX Forums Edit Topics dialog
Edit the text of the forum note for your forum here. The text will be displayed by CIX after the list of topics when someone uses the CIX show <conf name> command or the Ameol ShowConf addon.
The text can usefully provide more information about your forum than a user can get from the one-line description or from the names and descriptions of the topics. If you have any special rules of conduct in your forum, put them here. Likewise, if your forum is closed, information on entry requirements here could save you dealing with pointless applications for membership.
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Cancel any changes you have made in this editing session and exit the editor. Note that this does not undo any changes you may have made earlier (or stop those changes being uploaded to CIX).
{bmlwd RARROW.BMP}Help
Displays this help screen.


There are three parts to making a decision: analyzing the situation, developing a strategy, and implementing the plan. While all three are important, the first is by far the most critical. Think of it akin to firing a gun. Analysis is your process of aiming. Without identifying the target, adjusting for wind, taking into account the velocity and direction of the targets motion, and characterizing all of the other critical features of the aiming process, one cannot expect to accurately or precisely fire the gun to hit the target.
This website is dedicated to the first part of the decision making process: the analysis. The mission is to evaluate important situations that we can extract value from. That is, when analyzed, data allows us to develop and implement a logical, well-informed strategy.
My hope is that the blog articles on this website will be interactive. I welcome comments and debate. All articles have a comments section using Disqus, where I invite you to voice your opinion. Last, feel free to contact me. The easiest way is via email.
Hello! I'm Matt, and I'm a management professional with a background in engineering, sales, and data science. My profession is the Manager of Sales Engineering: I manage a Product Engineering Department and a sizeable part of the Sales department. I have a BS in mechanical engineering and an MBA from Penn State, and a masters in industrial engineering from Pitt. I live in Happy Valley with my wonderful wife. Outside of work, my wife and I most enjoy traveling the globe.
Throughout my career, I've recognized a value in data analysis. It first started with Excel
, where I developed engineering calculations using data visualizations, statistics, and VBA programming. As I transitioned into sales, my competency in Excel helped tremendously. I eventually added to my toolbox, developing database applications in Access
. The tools contributed to my career progression because they got results!
Eventually, my data needs outgrew the capabilities of Excel, and I stumbled down the rabbit hole known as Data Science. I began using Power BI
and Tableau
for communicating analytics throughout my organization, but this wasn't enough. I began using both R
and Python
programming for managing, visualizing, and most importantly understanding data. I took several courses to "level up", and I found that the data science tools were applicable to my profession (business strategy analysis and formulation) and my hobbies (financial investments). I hope to teach and learn from others as I grow in this amazing field.


Click on either disease to learn more.
Disease Incidence Maps
Display Surface Mine Locations
Data sources: Disease data taken from CDC. Mine data from West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection GIS Server. County polygons from ESRI.


From the Georgia Institue of Technology website:
Given a collection of cities and the cost of travel between each pair of them, the traveling salesman problem, or TSP for short, is to find the cheapest way of visiting all of the cities and returning to your starting point. In the standard version we study, the travel costs are symmetric in the sense that traveling from city X to city Y costs just as much as traveling from Y to X.
Given our definition of a TSP from above, we can start formulating the problem as an integer program:
| min | ||
| subject to | (must leave each city) | |
| (must enter each city) |
- A variable xij for each link: (1,2) (1,3) (1,4) (2,3) (2,4) (3,4)
- A constraint for each city, that says each city must be visited and left:
- x1,2 + x1,3 + x1,4 = 2
- x1,2 + x2,3 + x2,4 = 2
- x1,3 + x2,3 + x3,4 = 2
- x1,4 + x2,4 + x3,4 = 2
So now we've got our integer programming formulation, lets try it out on a problem.
You can drag the cities around and re-solve, or add cities to make it more complex. When you are ready to move on, click the Reset button.
You may notice that the solution is not quite right. While each city is visited and left, the optimal solution was not a path through all the cities but instead two smaller paths. We can call these smaller tours subtours, and the constraints necessary to eliminate them are called subtour-elimination constraints.
For a better and more detailed explanation of this, check out the Georgia Tech website.
To complete our integer programming formulation we need to add these subtour-elimination constraints. An example of a subtour elimination constraint for the 6 city problem shown above would be:
- x0,1 + x1,2 + x0,2 <= 2
This says that no more than two of the arcs between the nodes (0,1,2) are allowed to be in the solution. Here is something to try: how many possible subtour-elimination constraints are there for this problem? The answer is big, and keeps getting bigger as the number of cities grows. It'd take a long time to just write out all those constraints, let alone solve it. And yet, people solve TSPs with integer programming - so whats the secret?
Lets try adding that subtour-elimination constraint we worked out before:
Have you followed the above instructions? Now re-solve the TSP above. Perfect!
We only need one of the many possible subtour-elimination constraints to change our nearly-correct solution into the optimal solution. A very similar method was first used quite some time ago, in 1954 to solve a problem with 49 cities! This way of solving a problem, by first solving a relaxed version of it and then adding constraints (or "cuts") to improve the relaxation, is one of the techniques used to solve all sorts of integer programs.


SAFE A film review by Vince Deehan Copyright 1997 Vince Deehan
Written and Directed by Todd Haynes. Cast: Julianne Moore, Xander Berkeley, Steven Gilborn, Peter Dunning, Kate McGregor Stewart and James LeGros.
I have heard many good things said about [SAFE], with people often either wildly in love with the movie or completely bored by it. I found this reaction quite intriguing since films which can provoke such a different response in people are usually worth watching, if only to see which response you will give. I had the chance to see Todd Haynes' film POISON last year at London's National Film Theatre and I have to say that I did not enjoy it. In fact, I was literally desperate to get out of the cinema - I really couldn't wait for it to end. This was an unusually strong reaction for me, normally films either interest or bore me but I can usually manage to wait patiently till the end before leaving the cinema. With this in mind, I have avoided seeing [SAFE] until now, but I have seen so many positive comments about this film lately that I thought I'd give it a shot. I am delighted to say that I thoroughly enjoyed it and I would recommend the film to others.
[SAFE] tells the story of a Texan housewife (or "home-maker" as she prefers to call herself) Carol White , played by Julianne Moore. She now lives in California with her husband Greg (Xander Berkeley) and his son Rory. Carol seems a bit vacant and has a baby-doll voice which was almost grating at first, but I soon got used to it. When we first meet Carol she seems very fragile but is well enough, but soon she starts to become weak and listless and is overcome by a coughing fit when out driving one day. She also gets a spontaneous nose-bleed at the hairdresser and gets what seemed to me to be a panic attack (but apparently was extreme difficulty in breathing) whilst at a friends birthday party. Her own doctor can find nothing wrong with her and sends her off to a psychiatrist, thinking that her problems are really psychological. The psychiatrist is terribly unhelpful and tries to get Carol to do all the talking with no prompting, which the very reticent Carol finds very difficult.
Carol happens upon a flier in her local gym which talks about the effects of fumes on people's health. Carol writes to these people and soon she discovers that she probably has Environmental Illness, which is the term used to describe people who have become intolerant of some of the chemicals in use in everyday life. Not long after Carol suffers what appears to be a total body allergic reaction , or anaphylactic shock, when she walks into her dry-cleaners whilst it is in the process of being fumigated. This serious life threatening reaction gets her taken into hospital immediately, where her own doctor is still unable to find anything wrong with her. He is aware that Carol is clearly hyper-sensitive to certain chemicals but says that he can find no evidence that her immune system is being attacked or depressed. Not long after this Carol admits herself to a safe haven she has heard of in the desert, where other people with her problem can retreat to, for a cleaner environment.
At the retreat, called Wrenwood, she is immediately welcomed by the staff and she at last feels that her problem is being acknowledged. At the Wrenwood she meets Peter Dunning who is described, in the film, as being a chemically sensitive man with AIDS. Peter acts as leader for the group and gives talks on how best to approach their healing. His belief is that as the outside world is cold, cynical and hateful it is therefore best to look within ourselves to heal ourselves. He teaches them that in some way we are the cause of our own illnesses and that if we are full of anger and hate that this may trigger off illness and will certainly be a hindrance to any possible healing. The director of the haven, Claire, is also environmentally sensitive and tells Carol soon after she arrives , that her own healing was greatly helped by nurturing her ability to love herself.
I am fully aware, as I write, that much of the last few sentences sound terribly corny, but the beauty of this film is that it doesn't treat these notions of self-help as anything but a completely viable and sensible form of treatment and, given that there is no conventional treatment for their illness, it seems totally plausible that these ideas may have much merit.
The illness itself, Environmental Illness, is very real although it may well have a different medical term. I know of one case in this country (the UK) where one lady was no longer able to live in her own home because of her intolerance to certain chemicals and now has to live in a specially designed safe tent where she can live much more safely. The disease is very tragic because it is basically an allergy to everyday life and therefore has devastating effects on its sufferers who may be unable to live with their families in case they bring them into contact with some chemical which may trigger a dangerous allergic reaction. Indeed, in the film we see that Carol is barely able to hug her husband because of a chemical which she thought may have been in his cologne.
I can't help but feel that I am perhaps taking this film to literally and that there is an underlying meaning that I am missing, but I don't know what it is. This bothers me since I feel certain that I am missing something, perhaps something profound . Other reviews have , I think, spoken of the illness as a possible metaphor for AIDS. I guess the fact that the immune system seems to be affected in both diseases and that both illnesses can cause people to be excluded from society (although excluded for different reasons : the environmentally ill because of the pollutants in society and AIDS sufferers because of some people's prejudiced views) would lead people to think this. I feel that this was probably not Todd Haynes' intention , not least because one of the sufferers in the film is said to have AIDS. I'll have to check out other people's reviews to see what other people think about this.
The soundtrack to the film is wonderful and was written and performed by Ed Tomney. It's mostly synthesisers and just sounds so right for the movie. The cinematography by Alex Nepomniaschy is very crisp and clear with some wonderful images of the desert landscape around the retreat. I particularly liked the quick shots of the passing towns and countryside as Carol travelled to the retreat. One odd thing about the movie was that there were virtually no close-ups of the actors faces. This is unusual and is something I haven't noticed before. The strange thing about it is that for much of the movie I had a hard time recognising Carol's husband from scene to scene because we never get to see his face close enough to really register his features. Over the course of the movie I began to register his face more through repeated exposure, but I found this strange and I am not entirely sure what the point of this was. This applied to all the actors, who we never get that close too in the frame. In particular, I didn't recognise the actor James LeGros until after 10 minutes into his appearance simply because we never really got a good close look at his face. I think I liked this effect but I am at a loss as to explain why the director chose this style and to what significance we are meant to attach to it.
Julianne Moore gives a great performance as Carol and is, I think, in every single scene of the film. It says a lot for her immense talents as an actress that she can create an interesting character who says not very much and is fairly inarticulate and yet she holds our attention throughout the film. Kate McGregor Stewart was great as the retreat director and was particularly touching when she gave Carol some advice on how best to approach her healing. James LeGros is a very versatile actor who seems to change his appearance a lot , you'd hardly recognise him from his roles as the flashy actor in LIVING IN OBLIVION and as Kyra Sedgwick's college friend in SINGLES. LeGros was very good in a small role as a fellow sufferer who cooked up a pasta supper with Carol for the whole retreat one night. He also gives a surprise birthday cake to Carol which leads to Carol giving a just about coherent thank you speech. Julianne Moore's acting here was terrific as she falteringly spoke in disjointed sentences that seemed utterly natural.
Todd Haynes' script was very sharp , every word was vital to the story and there was no pointless chatter put in for the sake of it. His writing of Carol's birthday speech was particularly brilliant. I would imagine that this film will not be to all tastes because not a great deal happens and the whole film unfolds quite slowly but I found the whole film engrossing. The central ideas that we can assist in our own healing is certainly not a new idea in medicine but it is one that doesn't get talked about much, and I was glad that this film chose to do so.
Review written by Vince Deehan on Wed 12 March 1997. e-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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class TZInfo::DataSources::ConstantOffsetDataTimezoneInfo
Represents a data time zone defined by a constantly observed offset.
Attributes
@return [TimezoneOffset] the offset that is constantly observed.
Public Class Methods
Initializes a new {ConstantOffsetDataTimezoneInfo}.
The passed in `identifier` instance will be frozen. A reference to the passed in {TimezoneOffset} will be retained.
@param identifier [String] the identifier of the time zone. @param constant_offset
[TimezoneOffset] the constantly observed offset. @raise [ArgumentError] if `identifier` or `constant_offset` is `nil`.
# File lib/tzinfo/data_sources/constant_offset_data_timezone_info.rb, line 19 def initialize(identifier, constant_offset) super(identifier) raise ArgumentError, 'constant_offset must be specified' unless constant_offset @constant_offset = constant_offset end
Public Instance Methods
@param timestamp [Timestamp] ignored. @return [TimezonePeriod] an unbounded {TimezonePeriod} for the time
zone's constantly observed offset.
# File lib/tzinfo/data_sources/constant_offset_data_timezone_info.rb, line 28 def period_for(timestamp) constant_period end
@param local_timestamp [Timestamp] ignored. @return [Array<TimezonePeriod>] an `Array` containing a single unbounded
{TimezonePeriod} for the time zone's constantly observed offset.
# File lib/tzinfo/data_sources/constant_offset_data_timezone_info.rb, line 35 def periods_for_local(local_timestamp) [constant_period] end
@param to_timestamp [Timestamp] ignored. @param from_timestamp [Timestamp] ignored. @return [Array] an empty `Array`, since there are no transitions in time
zones that observe a constant offset.
# File lib/tzinfo/data_sources/constant_offset_data_timezone_info.rb, line 43 def transitions_up_to(to_timestamp, from_timestamp = nil) [] end
Private Instance Methods
@return [TimezonePeriod] an unbounded {TimezonePeriod} with the constant
offset of this timezone.
# File lib/tzinfo/data_sources/constant_offset_data_timezone_info.rb, line 51 def constant_period OffsetTimezonePeriod.new(@constant_offset) end


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| DOSE: T+ 0:00 |
2 nuts |
oral |
Nutmeg |
(ground / crushed) |
| T+ 2:00 |
1 cig. |
smoked |
Cannabis |
(plant material) |
| T+ 3:30 |
1 cup |
oral |
Kratom |
(tea) |
| T+ 3:30 |
1 cig. |
smoked |
Cannabis |
(plant material) |
Age: Late twenties
Experience: Very experienced with THC, mushrooms, DXM. Tried lots of other substances
Location: Smallish open air campus concert/party
Set & setting: Mellow. Ready for a trying a new natural drug. Not sure what to expect; net reports range from sickness and horror to mystic experiences. Notably though, most negative reports are with a very high (30g or more) or an unspecified, but possibly quite large dose.
21:30-22:30: Two nutmegs (from local Walmart, total weight ~6g) are grated and consumed. Mixing with a lot of cola yields a consumable, if not exactly tasty drink. Downing the stuff somehow. Go pee. Ok. Kill some time before first effects kick in. Let's define 22:00 as time of ingestion for simplicity's sake. Metabolization of nutmeg is so slow that a half hour offset doesn't make much of a difference anyway.
22:00-0:00 (T+0 to T+2): Smoking some cannabis. High feels a little different than usual - more talkative and quite psychedelic -, but this might easily be placebo. I generally notice that regular use of psychedelics makes me act in a more 'psychedelic' way when sober. I am more aware of my emotions and more keen to make sure my emotional well-being is taken care of. Right now I notice the party we're at is pretty lame - a room full of strangers I have no interest initiating a conversation with. The music's not my taste either. I suggest to my buddies we go home together and do something worthwhile. They prefer to stay, so eventually I just walk home alone.
0:30 (T+2:30): I'm on my walk home as nutmeg begins to take hold. Very similar to onset of a space cake trip. Slowly reality is being transformed into a dreamworld. No actual hallucinations, just a shift in interpretation. I sneak into a few dark backyards and enjoy the goose bumps I get from peeking into the unknown. Speaking of which: At one point, I'm almost getting The Fear. I'm scared because I can't estimate how strong this trip is going to be and if I have the proper strategies to avert a bad trip. Nutmeg is classified as a deliriant at Erowid, so I could be plunging head-first into my first delirium ever.
1:00 (T+3): After I reach home, I calm down considerably. Joining an online chat with good friends.
1:30 (T+3:30): A Kratom tea is consumed. Usually, Kratom gives me a very noticeable kick (a short-lived one though, an unfortunate consequence of tolerance). This time, the kick is not there. Strange. Smoking some cannabis.
2:00 (T+4): Nutmeg is shifting gears. Intense euphoria building up. Every drug produces a different kind of euphoria; this one reminds me of my first space cake trips. Body tingles with a constant flow of pleasure. Sexual fantasies come up naturally. This is when the trip really starts being fun. For hours, I indulge in those fantasies; the aphrodisiac effects of nutmeg and pot (not sure if Kratom made any difference) seem very nicely synergistic.
CEVs are interesting: fairly pale and unobtrusive, but at the same time immensely synaesthetic. Any verbal thought is immediately reflected as a CEV. I'm using this feedback mechanism to practice not to think at all for a while. Minor auditory hallucinations, similar to but stronger than those sometimes encountered shortly before falling asleep.
6:00 (T+8): Pot and Kratom must have worn off by now. Nutmeg still running strong. A little decrease in euphoria, but still very very pleasant. Trying to sleep, to no avail. Noting a single side effect so far: very dry mouth.
13:00 (T+15): I wake up (must have fallen asleep around 7 or 8). Still a pretty stoned feeling; euphoria has mostly worn off though. With two tokes from the pipe, euphoria is back. Hooray.
17:00 (T+19): Some more pot. Going downtown for a shopping tour. Psychedelic effects are gone. I am sedated, but in a very pleasant way. The only other strongly sedating drug I have ever tried is HBWR; because of the sickness that came with most of my HBWR trips, that was a sore, irritated kind of sedation, the 'everybody leave me alone, all I want to do is watch TV' type. Nutmeg sedation is more like 'whatever happens, I'm cool with it.' I didn't particularly try to talk to people, but I appreached and enjoyed every conversation with a stranger that emerged.
20:00 (T+22): Back home. Last traces of nutmeg and pot effects vanish slowly.
Conclusion:
Frankly, I am blown away. Nutmeg surpassed my expectations by far. Hours of pumping euphoria, a dreamy, spacy feeling and a nice psychedelic touch to finish it off. By no means should nutmeg be considered a 'loser drug' or an inferior weed substitute. Actually it is maybe closer to weed than any other substance. (For the sake of comparison, I should try it without any pot next time.) I was especially surprised by the complete lack of body load. No nausea, no headache, nothing, neither during come-up nor after the trip. Just pure bliss.
The extremely long trip duration obviously requires a bit more planning than a spontaneous toke from the pipe. I suggest dosing in the morning to avoid an upset sleep schedule. The nice thing about nutmeg is that the second half of the trip (starting around T+12) is mostly unpsychedelic and possibly quite opiate-like (not sure since I have no opiate experience). Complete reclusion is not necessary.
What remains to be done? Find a better method of ingestion. Vinegar-based extraction has been suggested. Maybe there is even a way to get rid of the carcinogenic Safrole in nutmeg. What else? Maybe try a slightly higher dose and look for actual deliriant effects (although today's dose felt just fine). See if euphoria is eventually killed by tolerance (as it is with so many initially promising drugs).
Nutmeg's only real downsides are its possible carcinogenity and the horrible taste. If there's ways to work around these two, I feel that nutmeg could become one of my favorite drugs for spicing up (heh) a weekend.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Save Mnemonic
For convenience, you can save a local copy of your mnemonic encrypted with a simpler password.
Remove local copy of mnemonic


{% extends 'web/base.html' %} {% load crispy_forms_tags %} {% block content %}
by {{ competitor.submitter.username }} ({{ competitor.submitter.team }})
| Version | Submission date | Source | Build status | Test status | Tournament edition | Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| v{{ revision.version_number }} | {{ revision.created_at }} |
{% if fully_visible %}
Download source as ZIP
{% endif %}
{% if revision.publish_state == revision.PUBLISH_FAILED %} (failed to publish to GitHub) {% elif revision.publish_state == revision.PUBLISH_COMPLETED %} View on GitHub {% elif revision.publish_state != revision.PUBLISH_SKIPPED %} (publishing to GitHub) {% endif %} |
{% if revision.image_state == revision.IMAGE_FAILED %}
Failed: {{ revision.image_error_msg }}
{% elif revision.image_state == revision.IMAGE_COMPLETED %}
Finished
{% else %}
Pending
{% endif %}
{% if fully_visible and revision.image_logs %} See logs {% endif %} |
{% if revision.test_state == revision.TEST_FAILED %}
Failed: {{ revision.test_error_msg }}
{% elif revision.test_state == revision.TEST_COMPLETED %}
Finished
{% else %}
Pending
{% endif %}
{% if fully_visible and revision.test_logs %} See logs: arena, player 1, player 2 {% endif %} |
{% for participant in participants %}
{% with participant.tournament as tournament %}
{% if not forloop.first %}
||
| {{ tournament.edition }} {% if tournament.state == tournament.RUNNING %} Pending {% endif %} | {{ participant.ranking }} out of {{ tournament.participants.count }} | {% endwith %} {% empty %}- | - | {% endfor %}


Welcome to openEPhys_DACQ repository¶
This is a system for automated experiments acquiring neural data using OpenEhysGUI. It combines online tracking from any number of cameras with a behavioural task program and peripherals for interacting with the subject. The package comes with an easy to use graphical interface.
The original purpose for this system was to collect neural data from rodents performing a navigational task in a large environment.
Installation¶
Installation of the Python package is straightforward:
pip install openEPhys_DACQ
openEPhys_Configuration # Starts package configuration script
For full functionality, the package has dependencies beyond Python repositories:
OpenEphysGUI for neural data acquisition
Raspberry Pis for video recording, tracking and task reward systems
Kilosort and/or KlustaKwik for spike sorting
If you’re setting up openEPhys_DACQ
for data processing only, then the only setup steps necesary are in Recording PC setup for Data Processing.
For detailed instructions on how to set everything up, follow the Installation instructions.
GitHub repository¶
Features¶
- Data synchronisation with OpenEhysGUI
Global clock TTL signal for precision synchrony
Logging messages with recording timestamps (e.g. pellet dropped)
- Real-time tracking and 1080p video recording
- Any number of cameras
Built-in calibration to same reference frame
- Multiple tracking methods
Motion
1 LED (brightest spot)
2 LED (different luminance)
- Reward devices
- Pellet Feeder
Releases specified number of pellets on command
Activation automated based on animal behaviour
WiFi controlled
- Milk Feeder
Releases milk or other liquid with pinch valve
Animal friendly - can be placed in the enviornment
Battery powered
WiFi controlled
- Automated behavioural task
New task programs can be integrated independently
Has messaging ability with OpenEphysGUI
Has real-time tracking information
Controls reward devices
- Navigational task available
Fully configurable flexible task program
Milk feeder reward based navigational task
Audio and/or light signals for trials
Concurrent foraging task with intelligent pellet scattering
- Processing pipeline for tetrode recordings
- Parallel implementation of 3 spike sorting methods
Kilosort
Klustakwik - offline detected spikes
Klustakwik - on OpenEphysGUI detected spikes
System overview and the user manual¶
In depth description of the system is in the System overview section of the User Manual
Installation instructions¶
This document details every step required for setting up an Ubuntu PC for electrophysiological data collection using OpenEhysGUI, separate tracking system using Raspberry Pis and two different Rasperry Pi based reward modules. The instructions detail every single step, every line of code required to get things running. Such detail is provided so that anyone could set it up, even those who have never used Linux before.
Occasionally the document includes instructions in double brackets, where it is not entirely clear if the step is important, but best to follow the instructions. E.g. ((Do this, in case otherwise something will not work later on)).
All terminal commands written here should be run while in home directory, unless instructed to call on a specific file. This ensures a sensible folder structure is created.
The instructions can be worked through in the order they are presented in the below table to set up the system from ground up.


Tiny Dungeon Online
A Tiny Minimalist Online RPG Game
Draw yourself:
left click: draw / right click: erase
Enter your name:
Create Hero
Players Online:


WWW::Selenium - Perl Client for the Selenium Remote Control test tool
use WWW::Selenium; my $sel = WWW::Selenium->new( host => "localhost", port => 4444, browser => "*iexplore", browser_url => "http://www.google.com", ); $sel->start; $sel->open("http://www.google.com"); $sel->type("q", "hello world"); $sel->click("btnG"); $sel->wait_for_page_to_load(5000); print $sel->get_title; $sel->stop;
Selenium Remote Control (SRC) is a test tool that allows you to write automated web application UI tests in any programming language against any HTTP website using any mainstream JavaScript-enabled browser. SRC provides a Selenium Server, which can automatically start/stop/control any supported browser. It works by using Selenium Core, a pure-HTML+JS library that performs automated tasks in JavaScript; the Selenium Server communicates directly with the browser using AJAX (XmlHttpRequest).
http://www.openqa.org/selenium-rc/
This module sends commands directly to the Server using simple HTTP GET/POST requests. Using this module together with the Selenium Server, you can automatically control any supported browser.
To use this module, you need to have already downloaded and started the Selenium Server. (The Selenium Server is a Java application.)
Element Locators tell Selenium which HTML element a command refers to.The format of a locator is:
locatorType=argument
We support the following strategies for locating elements:
identifier=id: Select the element with the specified @id attribute. If no match isfound, select the first element whose @name attribute is id.(This is normally the default; see below.)
id=id:Select the element with the specified @id attribute.
name=name:Select the first element with the specified @name attribute.
username
name=username
The name may optionally be followed by one or more element-filters, separated from the name by whitespace. If the filterType is not specified, value is assumed.
name=flavour value=chocolate
dom=javascriptExpression: Find an element by evaluating the specified string. This allows you to traverse the HTML Document ObjectModel using JavaScript. Note that you must not return a value in this string; simply make it the last expression in the block.
dom=document.forms['myForm'].myDropdown
dom=document.images[56]
dom=function foo()
{ return document.links[1]; }; foo()
;
xpath=xpathExpression: Locate an element using an XPath expression.
xpath=//img[@alt='The image alt text']
xpath=//table[@id='table1']//tr[4]/td[2]
xpath=//a[contains(@href,'#id1')]
xpath=//a[contains(@href,'#id1')]/@class
xpath=(//table[@class='stylee'])//th[text()='theHeaderText']/../td
xpath=//input[@name='name2' and @value='yes']
xpath=//*[text()="right"]
link=textPattern:Select the link (anchor) element which contains text matching thespecified pattern.
link=The link text
css=cssSelectorSyntax:Select the element using css selectors. Please refer to http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS2/selector.html (CSS2 selectors), http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/CR-css3-selectors-20011113/ (CSS3 selectors) for more information. You can also check the TestCssLocators test in the selenium test suite for an example of usage, which is included in the downloaded selenium core package.
css=a[href="#id3"]
css=span#firstChild + span
Currently the css selector locator supports all css1, css2 and css3 selectors except namespace in css3, some pseudo classes(:nth-of-type, :nth-last-of-type, :first-of-type, :last-of-type, :only-of-type, :visited, :hover, :active, :focus, :indeterminate) and pseudo elements(::first-line, ::first-letter, ::selection, ::before, ::after).
ui=uiSpecifierString:Locate an element by resolving the UI specifier string to another locator, and evaluating it. See the http://svn.openqa.org/fisheye/browse/~raw,r=trunk/selenium/trunk/src/main/resources/core/scripts/ui-doc.html (Selenium UI-Element Reference) for more details.
ui=loginPages::loginButton()
ui=settingsPages::toggle(label=Hide Email)
ui=forumPages::postBody(index=2)//a[2]
Without an explicit locator prefix, Selenium uses the following defaultstrategies:
dom, for locators starting with "document."
xpath, for locators starting with "//"
identifier, otherwise
Element filters can be used with a locator to refine a list of candidate elements. They are currently used only in the 'name' element-locator.
Filters look much like locators, ie.
filterType=argument
Supported element-filters are:
value=valuePattern
Matches elements based on their values. This is particularly useful for refining a list of similarly-named toggle-buttons.
index=index
Selects a single element based on its position in the list (offset from zero).
Various Pattern syntaxes are available for matching string values:
glob:pattern:Match a string against a "glob" (aka "wildmat") pattern. "Glob" is akind of limited regular-expression syntax typically used in command-lineshells. In a glob pattern, "*" represents any sequence of characters, and "?"represents any single character. Glob patterns match against the entirestring.
regexp:regexp:Match a string using a regular-expression. The full power of JavaScriptregular-expressions is available.
regexpi:regexpi:Match a string using a case-insensitive regular-expression.
exact:string:Match a string exactly, verbatim, without any of that fancy wildcardstuff.
If no pattern prefix is specified, Selenium assumes that it's a "glob"pattern.
For commands that return multiple values (such as verifySelectOptions),the string being matched is a comma-separated list of the return values,where both commas and backslashes in the values are backslash-escaped.When providing a pattern, the optional matching syntax (i.e. glob,regexp, etc.) is specified once, as usual, at the beginning of thepattern.
The following methods are available:
Constructs a new WWW::Selenium
object, specifying a Selenium Server
host/port, a command to launch the browser, and a starting URL for the
browser.
Options:
host
host is the host name on which the Selenium Server resides.
port
port is the port on which the Selenium Server is listening.
browser_url
browser_url is the starting URL including just a domain name. We'll start the browser pointing at the Selenium resources on this URL, e.g. "http://www.google.com" would send the browser to "http://www.google.com/selenium-server/SeleneseRunner.html"
browser
or browser_start_command
This is the command string used to launch the browser, e.g. "*firefox", "*iexplore" or "/usr/bin/firefox"
This option may be any one of the following:
*firefox [absolute path]
Automatically launch a new Firefox process using a custom Firefox
profile.
This profile will be automatically configured to use the Selenium
Server as a proxy and to have all annoying prompts
("save your password?" "forms are insecure" "make Firefox your default
browser?" disabled. You may optionally specify
an absolute path to your firefox executable, or just say "*firefox".
If no absolute path is specified, we'll look for
firefox.exe in a default location (normally c:\program files\mozilla
firefox\firefox.exe), which you can override by
setting the Java system property firefoxDefaultPath
to the correct
path to Firefox.
*iexplore [absolute path]
Automatically launch a new Internet Explorer process using custom
Windows registry settings.
This process will be automatically configured to use the Selenium
Server as a proxy and to have all annoying prompts
("save your password?" "forms are insecure" "make Firefox your default
browser?" disabled. You may optionally specify
an absolute path to your iexplore executable, or just say "*iexplore".
If no absolute path is specified, we'll look for
iexplore.exe in a default location (normally c:\program files\internet
explorer\iexplore.exe), which you can override by
setting the Java system property iexploreDefaultPath
to the correct
path to Internet Explorer.
/path/to/my/browser [other arguments]
You may also simply specify the absolute path to your browser executable, or use a relative path to your executable (which we'll try to find on your path). Warning: If you specify your own custom browser, it's up to you to configure it correctly. At a minimum, you'll need to configure your browser to use the Selenium Server as a proxy, and disable all browser-specific prompting.
auto_stop
Defaults to true, and will attempt to close the browser if the object goes out of scope and stop hasn't been called.
session_id
Optional argument that can be used to reuse session_ids between test runs. This can make for faster testing.
pause($timeout)
Waits $timeout milliseconds (default: 1 second)
click($locator)
Clicks on a link, button, checkbox or radio button. If the click actioncauses a new page to load (like a link usually does), callwaitForPageToLoad.
$locator is an element locator
double_click($locator)
Double clicks on a link, button, checkbox or radio button. If the double click actioncauses a new page to load (like a link usually does), callwaitForPageToLoad.
$locator is an element locator
context_menu($locator)
Simulates opening the context menu for the specified element (as might happen if the user "right-clicked" on the element).
$locator is an element locator
Clicks on a link, button, checkbox or radio button. If the click actioncauses a new page to load (like a link usually does), callwaitForPageToLoad.
$locator is an element locator
$coord_string is specifies the x,y position (i.e. - 10,20) of the mouse event relative to the element returned by the locator.
Doubleclicks on a link, button, checkbox or radio button. If the actioncauses a new page to load (like a link usually does), callwaitForPageToLoad.
$locator is an element locator
$coord_string is specifies the x,y position (i.e. - 10,20) of the mouse event relative to the element returned by the locator.
Simulates opening the context menu for the specified element (as might happen if the user "right-clicked" on the element).
$locator is an element locator
$coord_string is specifies the x,y position (i.e. - 10,20) of the mouse event relative to the element returned by the locator.
Explicitly simulate an event, to trigger the corresponding "onevent"handler.
$locator is an element locator
$event_name is the event name, e.g. "focus" or "blur"
focus($locator)
Move the focus to the specified element; for example, if the element is an input field, move the cursor to that field.
$locator is an element locator
Simulates a user pressing and releasing a key.
$locator is an element locator
$key_sequence is Either be a string("\" followed by the numeric keycode of the key to be pressed, normally the ASCII value of that key), or a single character. For example: "w", "\119".
shift_key_down()
Press the shift key and hold it down until doShiftUp()
is called or a new page is loaded.
shift_key_up()
Release the shift key.
meta_key_down()
Press the meta key and hold it down until doMetaUp()
is called or a new page is loaded.
meta_key_up()
Release the meta key.
alt_key_down()
Press the alt key and hold it down until doAltUp()
is called or a new page is loaded.
alt_key_up()
Release the alt key.
control_key_down()
Press the control key and hold it down until doControlUp()
is called or a new page is loaded.
control_key_up()
Release the control key.
Simulates a user pressing a key (without releasing it yet).
$locator is an element locator
$key_sequence is Either be a string("\" followed by the numeric keycode of the key to be pressed, normally the ASCII value of that key), or a single character. For example: "w", "\119".
Simulates a user releasing a key.
$locator is an element locator
$key_sequence is Either be a string("\" followed by the numeric keycode of the key to be pressed, normally the ASCII value of that key), or a single character. For example: "w", "\119".
mouse_over($locator)
Simulates a user hovering a mouse over the specified element.
$locator is an element locator
mouse_out($locator)
Simulates a user moving the mouse pointer away from the specified element.
$locator is an element locator
mouse_down($locator)
Simulates a user pressing the left mouse button (without releasing it yet) onthe specified element.
$locator is an element locator
mouse_down_right($locator)
Simulates a user pressing the right mouse button (without releasing it yet) onthe specified element.
$locator is an element locator
Simulates a user pressing the left mouse button (without releasing it yet) atthe specified location.
$locator is an element locator
$coord_string is specifies the x,y position (i.e. - 10,20) of the mouse event relative to the element returned by the locator.
Simulates a user pressing the right mouse button (without releasing it yet) atthe specified location.
$locator is an element locator
$coord_string is specifies the x,y position (i.e. - 10,20) of the mouse event relative to the element returned by the locator.
mouse_up($locator)
Simulates the event that occurs when the user releases the mouse button (i.e., stopsholding the button down) on the specified element.
$locator is an element locator
mouse_up_right($locator)
Simulates the event that occurs when the user releases the right mouse button (i.e., stopsholding the button down) on the specified element.
$locator is an element locator
Simulates the event that occurs when the user releases the mouse button (i.e., stopsholding the button down) at the specified location.
$locator is an element locator
$coord_string is specifies the x,y position (i.e. - 10,20) of the mouse event relative to the element returned by the locator.
Simulates the event that occurs when the user releases the right mouse button (i.e., stopsholding the button down) at the specified location.
$locator is an element locator
$coord_string is specifies the x,y position (i.e. - 10,20) of the mouse event relative to the element returned by the locator.
mouse_move($locator)
Simulates a user pressing the mouse button (without releasing it yet) onthe specified element.
$locator is an element locator
Simulates a user pressing the mouse button (without releasing it yet) onthe specified element.
$locator is an element locator
$coord_string is specifies the x,y position (i.e. - 10,20) of the mouse event relative to the element returned by the locator.
Sets the value of an input field, as though you typed it in. Can also be used to set the value of combo boxes, check boxes, etc. In these cases,value should be the value of the option selected, not the visible text.
$locator is an element locator
$value is the value to type
Simulates keystroke events on the specified element, as though you typed the value key-by-key. This is a convenience method for calling keyDown, keyUp, keyPress for every character in the specified string;this is useful for dynamic UI widgets (like auto-completing combo boxes) that require explicit key events.
Unlike the simple "type" command, which forces the specified value into the page directly, this commandmay or may not have any visible effect, even in cases where typing keys would normally have a visible effect.For example, if you use "typeKeys" on a form element, you may or may not see the results of what you typed inthe field.
In some cases, you may need to use the simple "type" command to set the value of the field and then the "typeKeys" command tosend the keystroke events corresponding to what you just typed.
$locator is an element locator
$value is the value to type
set_speed($value)
Set execution speed (i.e., set the millisecond length of a delay which will follow each selenium operation). By default, there is no such delay, i.e.,the delay is 0 milliseconds.
$value is the number of milliseconds to pause after operation
get_speed()
Get execution speed (i.e., get the millisecond length of the delay following each selenium operation). By default, there is no such delay, i.e.,the delay is 0 milliseconds.See also setSpeed.
Returns the execution speed in milliseconds.
check($locator)
Check a toggle-button (checkbox/radio)
$locator is an element locator
uncheck($locator)
Uncheck a toggle-button (checkbox/radio)
$locator is an element locator
Select an option from a drop-down using an option locator. Option locators provide different ways of specifying options of an HTMLSelect element (e.g. for selecting a specific option, or for assertingthat the selected option satisfies a specification). There are severalforms of Select Option Locator.
label=labelPattern:matches options based on their labels, i.e. the visible text. (Thisis the default.)
label=regexp:^[Oo]ther
value=valuePattern:matches options based on their values.
value=other
id=id:matches options based on their ids.
id=option1
index=index:matches an option based on its index (offset from zero).
index=2
If no option locator prefix is provided, the default behaviour is to match on label.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
$option_locator is an option locator (a label by default)
Add a selection to the set of selected options in a multi-select element using an option locator.@see #doSelect for details of option locators
$locator is an element locator identifying a multi-select box
$option_locator is an option locator (a label by default)
Remove a selection from the set of selected options in a multi-select element using an option locator.@see #doSelect for details of option locators
$locator is an element locator identifying a multi-select box
$option_locator is an option locator (a label by default)
remove_all_selections($locator)
Unselects all of the selected options in a multi-select element.
$locator is an element locator identifying a multi-select box
submit($form_locator)
Submit the specified form. This is particularly useful for forms withoutsubmit buttons, e.g. single-input "Search" forms.
$form_locator is an element locator for the form you want to submit
open($url)
Opens an URL in the test frame. This accepts both relative and absoluteURLs.The "open" command waits for the page to load before proceeding,ie. the "AndWait" suffix is implicit.Note: The URL must be on the same domain as the runner HTMLdue to security restrictions in the browser (Same Origin Policy). If youneed to open an URL on another domain, use the Selenium Server to start anew browser session on that domain.
$url is the URL to open; may be relative or absolute
Opens a popup window (if a window with that ID isn't already open).After opening the window, you'll need to select it using the selectWindowcommand. This command can also be a useful workaround for bug SEL-339. In some cases, Selenium will be unable to intercept a call to window.open (if the call occurs during or before the "onLoad" event, for example).In those cases, you can force Selenium to notice the open window's name by using the Selenium openWindow command, usingan empty (blank) url, like this: openWindow("", "myFunnyWindow").
$url is the URL to open, which can be blank
$window_id is the JavaScript window ID of the window to select
select_window($window_id)
Selects a popup window using a window locator; once a popup window has been selected, allcommands go to that window. To select the main window again, use nullas the target. Window locators provide different ways of specifying the window object:by title, by internal JavaScript "name," or by JavaScript variable.
title=My Special Window:Finds the window using the text that appears in the title bar. Be careful;two windows can share the same title. If that happens, this locator willjust pick one.
name=myWindow:Finds the window using its internal JavaScript "name" property. This is the second parameter "windowName" passed to the JavaScript method window.open(url, windowName, windowFeatures, replaceFlag)(which Selenium intercepts).
var=variableName:Some pop-up windows are unnamed (anonymous), but are associated with a JavaScript variable name in the currentapplication window, e.g. "window.foo = window.open(url);". In those cases, you can open the window using"var=foo".
If no window locator prefix is provided, we'll try to guess what you mean like this:
1.) if windowID is null, (or the string "null") then it is assumed the user is referring to the original window instantiated by the browser).
2.) if the value of the "windowID" parameter is a JavaScript variable name in the current application window, then it is assumedthat this variable contains the return value from a call to the JavaScript window.open() method.
3.) Otherwise, selenium looks in a hash it maintains that maps string names to window "names".
4.) If that fails, we'll try looping over all of the known windows to try to find the appropriate "title".Since "title" is not necessarily unique, this may have unexpected behavior.
If you're having trouble figuring out the name of a window that you want to manipulate, look at the Selenium log messageswhich identify the names of windows created via window.open (and therefore intercepted by Selenium). You will see messageslike the following for each window as it is opened:
debug: window.open call intercepted; window ID (which you can use with selectWindow()) is "myNewWindow"
In some cases, Selenium will be unable to intercept a call to window.open (if the call occurs during or before the "onLoad" event, for example).(This is bug SEL-339.) In those cases, you can force Selenium to notice the open window's name by using the Selenium openWindow command, usingan empty (blank) url, like this: openWindow("", "myFunnyWindow").
$window_id is the JavaScript window ID of the window to select
select_pop_up($window_id)
Simplifies the process of selecting a popup window (and does not offerfunctionality beyond what selectWindow()
already provides).
If windowID
is either not specified, or specified as"null", the first non-top window is selected. The top window is the onethat would be selected by selectWindow()
without providing awindowID
. This should not be used when more than one popupwindow is in play.
Otherwise, the window will be looked up consideringwindowID
as the following in order: 1) the "name" of thewindow, as specified to window.open()
; 2) a javascriptvariable which is a reference to a window; and 3) the title of thewindow. This is the same ordered lookup performed byselectWindow
.
$window_id is an identifier for the popup window, which can take on a number of different meanings
deselect_pop_up()
Selects the main window. Functionally equivalent to usingselectWindow()
and specifying no value forwindowID
.
select_frame($locator)
Selects a frame within the current window. (You may invoke this commandmultiple times to select nested frames.) To select the parent frame, use"relative=parent" as a locator; to select the top frame, use "relative=top".You can also select a frame by its 0-based index number; select the first frame with"index=0", or the third frame with "index=2".
You may also use a DOM expression to identify the frame you want directly,like this: dom=frames["main"].frames["subframe"]
$locator is an element locator identifying a frame or iframe
Determine whether current/locator identify the frame containing this running code. This is useful in proxy injection mode, where this code runs in everybrowser frame and window, and sometimes the selenium server needs to identifythe "current" frame. In this case, when the test calls selectFrame, thisroutine is called for each frame to figure out which one has been selected.The selected frame will return true, while all others will return false.
$current_frame_string is starting frame
$target is new frame (which might be relative to the current one)
Returns true if the new frame is this code's window
Determine whether currentWindowString plus target identify the window containing this running code. This is useful in proxy injection mode, where this code runs in everybrowser frame and window, and sometimes the selenium server needs to identifythe "current" window. In this case, when the test calls selectWindow, thisroutine is called for each window to figure out which one has been selected.The selected window will return true, while all others will return false.
$current_window_string is starting window
$target is new window (which might be relative to the current one, e.g., "_parent")
Returns true if the new window is this code's window
Waits for a popup window to appear and load up.
$window_id is the JavaScript window "name" of the window that will appear (not the text of the title bar) If unspecified, or specified as "null", this command will wait for the first non-top window to appear (don't rely on this if you are working with multiple popups simultaneously).
$timeout is a timeout in milliseconds, after which the action will return with an error. If this value is not specified, the default Selenium timeout will be used. See the setTimeout()
command.
choose_cancel_on_next_confirmation()
By default, Selenium's overridden window.confirm() function willreturn true, as if the user had manually clicked OK; after runningthis command, the next call to confirm()
will return false, as ifthe user had clicked Cancel. Selenium will then resume using thedefault behavior for future confirmations, automatically returning true (OK) unless/until you explicitly call this command for eachconfirmation.
Take note - every time a confirmation comes up, you mustconsume it with a corresponding getConfirmation, or elsethe next selenium operation will fail.
choose_ok_on_next_confirmation()
Undo the effect of calling chooseCancelOnNextConfirmation. Notethat Selenium's overridden window.confirm() function will normally automaticallyreturn true, as if the user had manually clicked OK, so you shouldn'tneed to use this command unless for some reason you need to changeyour mind prior to the next confirmation. After any confirmation, Selenium will resume using thedefault behavior for future confirmations, automatically returning true (OK) unless/until you explicitly call chooseCancelOnNextConfirmation for eachconfirmation.
Take note - every time a confirmation comes up, you mustconsume it with a corresponding getConfirmation, or elsethe next selenium operation will fail.
answer_on_next_prompt($answer)
Instructs Selenium to return the specified answer string in response tothe next JavaScript prompt [window.prompt()].
$answer is the answer to give in response to the prompt pop-up
go_back()
Simulates the user clicking the "back" button on their browser.
refresh()
Simulates the user clicking the "Refresh" button on their browser.
close()
Simulates the user clicking the "close" button in the titlebar of a popupwindow or tab.
is_alert_present()
Has an alert occurred? This function never throws an exception
Returns true if there is an alert
is_prompt_present()
Has a prompt occurred? This function never throws an exception
Returns true if there is a pending prompt
is_confirmation_present()
Has confirm()
been called?
This function never throws an exception
Returns true if there is a pending confirmation
get_alert()
Retrieves the message of a JavaScript alert generated during the previous action, or fail if there were no alerts. Getting an alert has the same effect as manually clicking OK. If analert is generated but you do not consume it with getAlert, the next Selenium actionwill fail.
Under Selenium, JavaScript alerts will NOT pop up a visible alertdialog.
Selenium does NOT support JavaScript alerts that are generated in apage's onload()
event handler. In this case a visible dialog WILL begenerated and Selenium will hang until someone manually clicks OK.
Returns The message of the most recent JavaScript alert
get_confirmation()
Retrieves the message of a JavaScript confirmation dialog generated duringthe previous action. By default, the confirm function will return true, having the same effectas manually clicking OK. This can be changed by prior execution of thechooseCancelOnNextConfirmation command.
If an confirmation is generated but you do not consume it with getConfirmation,the next Selenium action will fail.
NOTE: under Selenium, JavaScript confirmations will NOT pop up a visibledialog.
NOTE: Selenium does NOT support JavaScript confirmations that aregenerated in a page's onload()
event handler. In this case a visibledialog WILL be generated and Selenium will hang until you manually clickOK.
Returns the message of the most recent JavaScript confirmation dialog
get_prompt()
Retrieves the message of a JavaScript question prompt dialog generated duringthe previous action. Successful handling of the prompt requires prior execution of theanswerOnNextPrompt command. If a prompt is generated but youdo not get/verify it, the next Selenium action will fail.
NOTE: under Selenium, JavaScript prompts will NOT pop up a visibledialog.
NOTE: Selenium does NOT support JavaScript prompts that are generated in apage's onload()
event handler. In this case a visible dialog WILL begenerated and Selenium will hang until someone manually clicks OK.
Returns the message of the most recent JavaScript question prompt
get_location()
Gets the absolute URL of the current page.
Returns the absolute URL of the current page
get_title()
Gets the title of the current page.
Returns the title of the current page
get_body_text()
Gets the entire text of the page.
Returns the entire text of the page
get_value($locator)
Gets the (whitespace-trimmed) value of an input field (or anything else with a value parameter).For checkbox/radio elements, the value will be "on" or "off" depending onwhether the element is checked or not.
$locator is an element locator
Returns the element value, or "on/off" for checkbox/radio elements
get_text($locator)
Gets the text of an element. This works for any element that containstext. This command uses either the textContent (Mozilla-like browsers) orthe innerText (IE-like browsers) of the element, which is the renderedtext shown to the user.
$locator is an element locator
Returns the text of the element
highlight($locator)
Briefly changes the backgroundColor of the specified element yellow. Useful for debugging.
$locator is an element locator
get_eval($script)
Gets the result of evaluating the specified JavaScript snippet. The snippet mayhave multiple lines, but only the result of the last line will be returned.
Note that, by default, the snippet will run in the context of the "selenium"object itself, so this
will refer to the Selenium object. Use window
torefer to the window of your application, e.g. window.document.getElementById('foo')
If you need to usea locator to refer to a single element in your application page, you canuse this.browserbot.findElement("id=foo")
where "id=foo" is your locator.
$script is the JavaScript snippet to run
Returns the results of evaluating the snippet
is_checked($locator)
Gets whether a toggle-button (checkbox/radio) is checked. Fails if the specified element doesn't exist or isn't a toggle-button.
$locator is an element locator pointing to a checkbox or radio button
Returns true if the checkbox is checked, false otherwise
get_table($table_cell_address)
Gets the text from a cell of a table. The cellAddress syntaxtableLocator.row.column, where row and column start at 0.
$table_cell_address is a cell address, e.g. "foo.1.4"
Returns the text from the specified cell
get_selected_labels($select_locator)
Gets all option labels (visible text) for selected options in the specified select or multi-select element.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns an array of all selected option labels in the specified select drop-down
get_selected_label($select_locator)
Gets option label (visible text) for selected option in the specified select element.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns the selected option label in the specified select drop-down
get_selected_values($select_locator)
Gets all option values (value attributes) for selected options in the specified select or multi-select element.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns an array of all selected option values in the specified select drop-down
get_selected_value($select_locator)
Gets option value (value attribute) for selected option in the specified select element.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns the selected option value in the specified select drop-down
get_selected_indexes($select_locator)
Gets all option indexes (option number, starting at 0) for selected options in the specified select or multi-select element.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns an array of all selected option indexes in the specified select drop-down
get_selected_index($select_locator)
Gets option index (option number, starting at 0) for selected option in the specified select element.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns the selected option index in the specified select drop-down
get_selected_ids($select_locator)
Gets all option element IDs for selected options in the specified select or multi-select element.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns an array of all selected option IDs in the specified select drop-down
get_selected_id($select_locator)
Gets option element ID for selected option in the specified select element.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns the selected option ID in the specified select drop-down
is_something_selected($select_locator)
Determines whether some option in a drop-down menu is selected.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns true if some option has been selected, false otherwise
get_select_options($select_locator)
Gets all option labels in the specified select drop-down.
$select_locator is an element locator identifying a drop-down menu
Returns an array of all option labels in the specified select drop-down
get_attribute($attribute_locator)
Gets the value of an element attribute. The value of the attribute maydiffer across browsers (this is the case for the "style" attribute, forexample).
$attribute_locator is an element locator followed by an @ sign and then the name of the attribute, e.g. "foo@bar"
Returns the value of the specified attribute
is_text_present($pattern)
Verifies that the specified text pattern appears somewhere on the rendered page shown to the user.
$pattern is a pattern to match with the text of the page
Returns true if the pattern matches the text, false otherwise
is_element_present($locator)
Verifies that the specified element is somewhere on the page.
$locator is an element locator
Returns true if the element is present, false otherwise
is_visible($locator)
Determines if the specified element is visible. Anelement can be rendered invisible by setting the CSS "visibility"property to "hidden", or the "display" property to "none", either for theelement itself or one if its ancestors. This method will fail ifthe element is not present.
$locator is an element locator
Returns true if the specified element is visible, false otherwise
is_editable($locator)
Determines whether the specified input element is editable, ie hasn't been disabled.This method will fail if the specified element isn't an input element.
$locator is an element locator
Returns true if the input element is editable, false otherwise
get_all_buttons()
Returns the IDs of all buttons on the page. If a given button has no ID, it will appear as "" in this array.
Returns the IDs of all buttons on the page
get_all_links()
Returns the IDs of all links on the page. If a given link has no ID, it will appear as "" in this array.
Returns the IDs of all links on the page
get_all_fields()
Returns the IDs of all input fields on the page. If a given field has no ID, it will appear as "" in this array.
Returns the IDs of all field on the page
get_attribute_from_all_windows($attribute_name)
Returns an array of JavaScript property values from all known windows having one.
$attribute_name is name of an attribute on the windows
Returns the set of values of this attribute from all known windows.
deprecated - use dragAndDrop instead
$locator is an element locator
$movements_string is offset in pixels from the current location to which the element should be moved, e.g., "+70,-300"
set_mouse_speed($pixels)
Configure the number of pixels between "mousemove" events during dragAndDrop commands (default=10). Setting this value to 0 means that we'll send a "mousemove" event to every single pixelin between the start location and the end location; that can be very slow, and maycause some browsers to force the JavaScript to timeout.
If the mouse speed is greater than the distance between the two dragged objects, we'lljust send one "mousemove" at the start location and then one final one at the end location.
$pixels is the number of pixels between "mousemove" events
get_mouse_speed()
Returns the number of pixels between "mousemove" events during dragAndDrop commands (default=10).
Returns the number of pixels between "mousemove" events during dragAndDrop commands (default=10)
Drags an element a certain distance and then drops it
$locator is an element locator
$movements_string is offset in pixels from the current location to which the element should be moved, e.g., "+70,-300"
Drags an element and drops it on another element
$locator_of_object_to_be_dragged is an element to be dragged
$locator_of_drag_destination_object is an element whose location (i.e., whose center-most pixel) will be the point where locatorOfObjectToBeDragged is dropped
window_focus()
Gives focus to the currently selected window
window_maximize()
Resize currently selected window to take up the entire screen
get_all_window_ids()
Returns the IDs of all windows that the browser knows about in an array.
Returns Array of identifiers of all windows that the browser knows about.
get_all_window_names()
Returns the names of all windows that the browser knows about in an array.
Returns Array of names of all windows that the browser knows about.
get_all_window_titles()
Returns the titles of all windows that the browser knows about in an array.
Returns Array of titles of all windows that the browser knows about.
get_html_source()
Returns the entire HTML source between the opening andclosing "html" tags.
Returns the entire HTML source
Moves the text cursor to the specified position in the given input element or textarea.This method will fail if the specified element isn't an input element or textarea.
$locator is an element locator pointing to an input element or textarea
$position is the numerical position of the cursor in the field; position should be 0 to move the position to the beginning of the field. You can also set the cursor to -1 to move it to the end of the field.
get_element_index($locator)
Get the relative index of an element to its parent (starting from 0). The comment node and empty text nodewill be ignored.
$locator is an element locator pointing to an element
Returns of relative index of the element to its parent (starting from 0)
Check if these two elements have same parent and are ordered siblings in the DOM. Two same elements willnot be considered ordered.
$locator1 is an element locator pointing to the first element
$locator2 is an element locator pointing to the second element
Returns true if element1 is the previous sibling of element2, false otherwise
get_element_position_left($locator)
Retrieves the horizontal position of an element
$locator is an element locator pointing to an element OR an element itself
Returns of pixels from the edge of the frame.
get_element_position_top($locator)
Retrieves the vertical position of an element
$locator is an element locator pointing to an element OR an element itself
Returns of pixels from the edge of the frame.
get_element_width($locator)
Retrieves the width of an element
$locator is an element locator pointing to an element
Returns width of an element in pixels
get_element_height($locator)
Retrieves the height of an element
$locator is an element locator pointing to an element
Returns height of an element in pixels
get_cursor_position($locator)
Retrieves the text cursor position in the given input element or textarea; beware, this may not work perfectly on all browsers. Specifically, if the cursor/selection has been cleared by JavaScript, this command will tend toreturn the position of the last location of the cursor, even though the cursor is now gone from the page. This is filed as http://jira.openqa.org/browse/SEL-243 (SEL-243). This method will fail if the specified element isn't an input element or textarea, or there is no cursor in the element.
$locator is an element locator pointing to an input element or textarea
Returns the numerical position of the cursor in the field
get_expression($expression)
Returns the specified expression. This is useful because of JavaScript preprocessing.It is used to generate commands like assertExpression and waitForExpression.
$expression is the value to return
Returns the value passed in
get_xpath_count($xpath)
Returns the number of nodes that match the specified xpath, eg. "//table" would givethe number of tables.
$xpath is the xpath expression to evaluate. do NOT wrap this expression in a 'count()' function; we will do that for you.
Returns the number of nodes that match the specified xpath
Temporarily sets the "id" attribute of the specified element, so you can locate it in the futureusing its ID rather than a slow/complicated XPath. This ID will disappear once the page isreloaded.
$locator is an element locator pointing to an element
$identifier is a string to be used as the ID of the specified element
allow_native_xpath($allow)
Specifies whether Selenium should use the native in-browser implementationof XPath (if any native version is available); if you pass "false" tothis function, we will always use our pure-JavaScript xpath library.Using the pure-JS xpath library can improve the consistency of xpathelement locators between different browser vendors, but the pure-JSversion is much slower than the native implementations.
$allow is boolean, true means we'll prefer to use native XPath; false means we'll only use JS XPath
ignore_attributes_without_value($ignore)
Specifies whether Selenium will ignore xpath attributes that have novalue, i.e. are the empty string, when using the non-native xpathevaluation engine. You'd want to do this for performance reasons in IE.However, this could break certain xpaths, for example an xpath that looksfor an attribute whose value is NOT the empty string.The hope is that such xpaths are relatively rare, but the user shouldhave the option of using them. Note that this only influences xpathevaluation when using the ajaxslt engine (i.e. not "javascript-xpath").
$ignore is boolean, true means we'll ignore attributes without value at the expense of xpath "correctness"; false means we'll sacrifice speed for correctness.
Runs the specified JavaScript snippet repeatedly until it evaluates to "true".The snippet may have multiple lines, but only the result of the last linewill be considered.
Note that, by default, the snippet will be run in the runner's test window, not in the windowof your application. To get the window of your application, you can usethe JavaScript snippet selenium.browserbot.getCurrentWindow()
, and thenrun your JavaScript in there
$script is the JavaScript snippet to run
$timeout is a timeout in milliseconds, after which this command will return with an error
set_timeout($timeout)
Specifies the amount of time that Selenium will wait for actions to complete. Actions that require waiting include "open" and the "waitFor*" actions. The default timeout is 30 seconds.
$timeout is a timeout in milliseconds, after which the action will return with an error
wait_for_page_to_load($timeout)
Waits for a new page to load. You can use this command instead of the "AndWait" suffixes, "clickAndWait", "selectAndWait", "typeAndWait" etc.(which are only available in the JS API).
Selenium constantly keeps track of new pages loading, and sets a "newPageLoaded"flag when it first notices a page load. Running any other Selenium command afterturns the flag to false. Hence, if you want to wait for a page to load, you mustwait immediately after a Selenium command that caused a page-load.
$timeout is a timeout in milliseconds, after which this command will return with an error
Waits for a new frame to load. Selenium constantly keeps track of new pages and frames loading, and sets a "newPageLoaded" flag when it first notices a page load. See waitForPageToLoad for more information.
$frame_address is FrameAddress from the server side
$timeout is a timeout in milliseconds, after which this command will return with an error
get_cookie()
Return all cookies of the current page under test.
Returns all cookies of the current page under test
get_cookie_by_name($name)
Returns the value of the cookie with the specified name, or throws an error if the cookie is not present.
$name is the name of the cookie
Returns the value of the cookie
is_cookie_present($name)
Returns true if a cookie with the specified name is present, or false otherwise.
$name is the name of the cookie
Returns true if a cookie with the specified name is present, or false otherwise.
Create a new cookie whose path and domain are same with those of current pageunder test, unless you specified a path for this cookie explicitly.
$name_value_pair is name and value of the cookie in a format "name=value"
$options_string is options for the cookie. Currently supported options include 'path', 'max_age' and 'domain'. the optionsString's format is "path=/path/, max_age=60, domain=.foo.com". The order of options are irrelevant, the unit of the value of 'max_age' is second. Note that specifying a domain that isn't a subset of the current domain will usually fail.
Delete a named cookie with specified path and domain. Be careful; to delete a cookie, youneed to delete it using the exact same path and domain that were used to create the cookie.If the path is wrong, or the domain is wrong, the cookie simply won't be deleted. Alsonote that specifying a domain that isn't a subset of the current domain will usually fail.Since there's no way to discover at runtime the original path and domain of a given cookie,we've added an option called 'recurse' to try all sub-domains of the current domain withall paths that are a subset of the current path. Beware; this option can be slow. Inbig-O notation, it operates in O(n*m) time, where n is the number of dots in the domainname and m is the number of slashes in the path.
$name is the name of the cookie to be deleted
$options_string is options for the cookie. Currently supported options include 'path', 'domain' and 'recurse.' The optionsString's format is "path=/path/, domain=.foo.com, recurse=true". The order of options are irrelevant. Note that specifying a domain that isn't a subset of the current domain will usually fail.
delete_all_visible_cookies()
Calls deleteCookie with recurse=true on all cookies visible to the current page.As noted on the documentation for deleteCookie, recurse=true can be much slowerthan simply deleting the cookies using a known domain/path.
set_browser_log_level($log_level)
Sets the threshold for browser-side logging messages; log messages beneath this threshold will be discarded.Valid logLevel strings are: "debug", "info", "warn", "error" or "off".To see the browser logs, you need toeither show the log window in GUI mode, or enable browser-side logging in Selenium RC.
$log_level is one of the following: "debug", "info", "warn", "error" or "off"
run_script($script)
Creates a new "script" tag in the body of the current test window, and adds the specified text into the body of the command. Scripts run inthis way can often be debugged more easily than scripts executed usingSelenium's "getEval" command. Beware that JS exceptions thrown in these scripttags aren't managed by Selenium, so you should probably wrap your scriptin try/catch blocks if there is any chance that the script will throwan exception.
$script is the JavaScript snippet to run
add_location_strategy($strategy_name)
Defines a new function for Selenium to locate elements on the page.For example,if you define the strategy "foo", and someone runs click("foo=blah"), we'llrun your function, passing you the string "blah", and click on the element that your functionreturns, or throw an "Element not found" error if your function returns null.We'll pass three arguments to your function:
locator: the string the user passed in
inWindow: the currently selected window
inDocument: the currently selected document
The function must return null if the element can't be found.
$strategy_name is the name of the strategy to define; this should use only letters [a-zA-Z] with no spaces or other punctuation.
Saves the entire contents of the current window canvas to a PNG file.Contrast this with the captureScreenshot command, which captures thecontents of the OS viewport (i.e. whatever is currently being displayedon the monitor), and is implemented in the RC only. Currently this onlyworks in Firefox when running in chrome mode, and in IE non-HTA usingthe EXPERIMENTAL "Snapsie" utility. The Firefox implementation is mostlyborrowed from the Screengrab! Firefox extension. Please seehttp://www.screengrab.org and http://snapsie.sourceforge.net/ fordetails.
$filename is the path to the file to persist the screenshot as. No filename extension will be appended by default. Directories will not be created if they do not exist, and an exception will be thrown, possibly by native code.
$kwargs is a kwargs string that modifies the way the screenshot is captured. Example: "background=#CCFFDD" . Currently valid options: =item background
the background CSS for the HTML document. This may be useful to set for capturing screenshots of less-than-ideal layouts, for example where absolute positioning causes the calculation of the canvas dimension to fail and a black background is exposed (possibly obscuring black text).
Executes a command rollup, which is a series of commands with a uniquename, and optionally arguments that control the generation of the set ofcommands. If any one of the rolled-up commands fails, the rollup isconsidered to have failed. Rollups may also contain nested rollups.
$rollup_name is the name of the rollup command
$kwargs is keyword arguments string that influences how the rollup expands into commands
Loads script content into a new script tag in the Selenium document. Thisdiffers from the runScript command in that runScript adds the script tagto the document of the AUT, not the Selenium document. The followingentities in the script content are replaced by the characters theyrepresent: < > &The corresponding remove command is removeScript.
$script_content is the Javascript content of the script to add
$script_tag_id is (optional) the id of the new script tag. If specified, and an element with this id already exists, this operation will fail.
remove_script($script_tag_id)
Removes a script tag from the Selenium document identified by the givenid. Does nothing if the referenced tag doesn't exist.
$script_tag_id is the id of the script element to remove.
use_xpath_library($library_name)
Allows choice of one of the available libraries.
$library_name is name of the desired library Only the following three can be chosen:
=item *
"ajaxslt" - Google's library
=item *
"javascript-xpath" - Cybozu Labs' faster library
=item *
"default" - The default library. Currently the default library is "ajaxslt" .
=back
If libraryName isn't one of these three, then no change will be made.
set_context($context)
Writes a message to the status bar and adds a note to the browser-sidelog.
$context is the message to be sent to the browser
Sets a file input (upload) field to the file listed in fileLocator
$field_locator is an element locator
$file_locator is a URL pointing to the specified file. Before the file can be set in the input field (fieldLocator), Selenium RC may need to transfer the file to the local machine before attaching the file in a web page form. This is common in selenium grid configurations where the RC server driving the browser is not the same machine that started the test. Supported Browsers: Firefox ("*chrome") only.
capture_screenshot($filename)
Captures a PNG screenshot to the specified file.
$filename is the absolute path to the file to be written, e.g. "c:\blah\screenshot.png"
capture_screenshot_to_string()
Capture a PNG screenshot. It then returns the file as a base 64 encoded string.
Returns The base 64 encoded string of the screen shot (PNG file)
capture_entire_page_screenshot_to_string($kwargs)
Downloads a screenshot of the browser current window canvas to a based 64 encoded PNG file. The entire windows canvas is captured,including parts rendered outside of the current view port.Currently this only works in Mozilla and when running in chrome mode.
$kwargs is A kwargs string that modifies the way the screenshot is captured. Example: "background=#CCFFDD". This may be useful to set for capturing screenshots of less-than-ideal layouts, for example where absolute positioning causes the calculation of the canvas dimension to fail and a black background is exposed (possibly obscuring black text).
Returns The base 64 encoded string of the page screenshot (PNG file)
shut_down_selenium_server()
Kills the running Selenium Server and all browser sessions. After you run this command, you will no longer be able to sendcommands to the server; you can't remotely start the server once it has been stopped. Normallyyou should prefer to run the "stop" command, which terminates the current browser session, rather than shutting down the entire server.
retrieve_last_remote_control_logs()
Retrieve the last messages logged on a specific remote control. Useful for error reports, especiallywhen running multiple remote controls in a distributed environment. The maximum number of log messagesthat can be retrieve is configured on remote control startup.
Returns The last N log messages as a multi-line string.
key_down_native($keycode)
Simulates a user pressing a key (without releasing it yet) by sending a native operating system keystroke.This function uses the java.awt.Robot class to send a keystroke; this more accurately simulates typinga key on the keyboard. It does not honor settings from the shiftKeyDown, controlKeyDown, altKeyDown andmetaKeyDown commands, and does not target any particular HTML element. To send a keystroke to a particularelement, focus on the element first before running this command.
$keycode is an integer keycode number corresponding to a java.awt.event.KeyEvent; note that Java keycodes are NOT the same thing as JavaScript keycodes!
key_up_native($keycode)
Simulates a user releasing a key by sending a native operating system keystroke.This function uses the java.awt.Robot class to send a keystroke; this more accurately simulates typinga key on the keyboard. It does not honor settings from the shiftKeyDown, controlKeyDown, altKeyDown andmetaKeyDown commands, and does not target any particular HTML element. To send a keystroke to a particularelement, focus on the element first before running this command.
$keycode is an integer keycode number corresponding to a java.awt.event.KeyEvent; note that Java keycodes are NOT the same thing as JavaScript keycodes!
key_press_native($keycode)
Simulates a user pressing and releasing a key by sending a native operating system keystroke.This function uses the java.awt.Robot class to send a keystroke; this more accurately simulates typinga key on the keyboard. It does not honor settings from the shiftKeyDown, controlKeyDown, altKeyDown andmetaKeyDown commands, and does not target any particular HTML element. To send a keystroke to a particularelement, focus on the element first before running this command.
$keycode is an integer keycode number corresponding to a java.awt.event.KeyEvent; note that Java keycodes are NOT the same thing as JavaScript keycodes!
Waits until $text is present in the html source
Waits until $locator is present
is_location($expected_location)
Verify the location of the current page ends with the expected location. If an URL querystring is provided, this is checked as well.
$expected_location is the location to match.
Note: This function is deprecated, use get_location()
instead.
get_checked($locator)
Gets whether a toggle-button (checkbox/radio) is checked. Fails if the specified element doesn't exist or isn't a toggle-button.
$locator is an element locator pointing to a checkbox or radio button.
Note: This function is deprecated, use is_checked()
instead.
Verifies that the selected option of a drop-down satisfies the optionSpecifier.
See the select command for more information about option locators.
$locator is an element locator. $option_locator is an option locator, typically just an option label (e.g. "John Smith").
Note: This function is deprecated, use the get_selected_*() methods instead.
get_selected_options($locator)
Gets all option labels for selected options in the specified select or multi-select element.
$locator is an element locator.
Note: This function is deprecated, use get_selected_labels()
instead.
get_absolute_location()
Gets the absolute URL of the current page.
Note: This function is deprecated, use get_location()
instead.
For more information about Selenium Remote Control, visit the website at http://www.openqa.org/selenium-rc/.
The Selenium Remote Control JIRA issue tracking system is available online at http://jira.openqa.org/browse/SRC.
Perl driver maintained by Luke Closs<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Selenium Remote Control maintained by Dan Fabulich<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Copyright (c) 2006 ThoughtWorks, Inc
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.


1 write to Results
powershell-tests (1)
csharp\test_Prediction.cs (1)
53
Results
= new List<string>();
8 references to Results
powershell-tests (8)
csharp\test_Prediction.cs (8)
61
Results
.Clear();
116
Results
.Add($"{client.Name}-{commandLine}-{success}");
213
slow.
Results
.Count == 0 || fast.
Results
.Count == 0 ||
228
Assert.Single(slow.
Results
);
229
Assert.Equal($"{Client}-last_input-True", slow.
Results
[0]);
231
Assert.Single(fast.
Results
);
232
Assert.Equal($"{Client}-last_input-True", fast.
Results
[0]);


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}Generate a local prerelease command for {{ distro }}{% endblock %} {% block js %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
This page will help you generate a command to run your prelease locally.
This page helps you generate a command which you can run in the terminal on a Ubuntu machine which executes a "prerelease".
To learn more about prereleases and what they do, see:
http://wiki.ros.org/bloom/Tutorials/PrereleaseTest?distro={{ distro }}


Work Experiences {% for experience in cms.workexperiences %} {{ experience.name|title }} {{ experience.employer|upper }} ({{ experience.address.city }}, {{ experience.address.state }}) {{ experience.description|markdown }} {{ experience.from|date('F Y') }} - {{ experience.to|date('F Y') }} {% endfor %}
Education {% for thing in cms.education %} {{ thing.name }} ({{ thing.address.city }}, {{ thing.address.state }}) {{ thing.description|markdown }} {{ thing.from|date('Y') }} - {{ thing.to|date('Y') }} {% endfor %}


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Numbers 5:9
And every offering of all the holy things of the children of Israel, which they bring unto the priest, shall be his.


indeed. Look at Anton Kreil free vids on youtube, lots of good materials. I did my courses with them, dont want to chill them because they are not the cheapest but among the better ones out there. You will see lots of interviews that are worth listening to, all hsi mentors are proven traders, not just "teachers" who have never made a profitable trade


Trees as far as we are concerned have no universal definition. In its broadest sense a tree is any plant with the form of an elongated stem or trunk.
The tree growth habit follows the evolutionary(dynamic) adaptation that is found in differernt groups of plants an example being: when a tree grows much taller it is able to obtain better sunlight. There are some trees with longer lifespans tha others, some tending to reach several thousands of years.
The number of trees in the world were estimated to be around 3.04 trillion. Trees are said to have different regions in which they grow. This regions include: the tropics and the temperate zones. Trees are also oftenly distributed according to the different climatic regions and also surrounding temperatures. An example includes conifers: this are most likely to be found around cool temperature regions.
This is a part of the tree that acts as a sort of like anchor to the ground. It is used to gather nutrients and water from the ground and take it to the other parts of the tree. The roots are also used for reproduction, defence, survival, storage of energy and other many things.
Its main purpose is to make sure that the leaves are raised above the gound. This is what determines the height of the tree and its ability to outgrow other trees in the race to catch more sunlight. Its alo plats a part in the transportation of water and minerals throughout the tree.
this specialize in photosynthesis. In trees they are arranged in some format that enables them to absorb as much sunlight(maximum exposure) without having to deny the other leaves from getting light. In coniferous trees, the needles are compact but structurally similar to leaves in broad leafed plants. Leaves adapt in various ays such as thorns in areas with many predators and semi-arid regions.
Trees have many uses in this day to day life.
Trees are known to be a source of the world`s beat known fleshy fruit pruduce. Examples of this include: apples,pears and plums. Trees are also a source of palm oil which comes from the fruits of the palm oil. The maple syrup that we consume comes from sap of the sugar maple that helps in the production of maple sugar. The sugar maple is produced during climate change at the end of winter as trees prepare to burst into growth.
Wood from trees has been used for years as a traditional source of fuel. It is especially used in rural areas. The practise of collecting the firewod is often considered to be time consuming in contrast to the use of gas cookers and electrical cookers. The firewood can either be used directly the way it is or can be burned in to form charcoal. The smoke from wood can be used as preservative to keep food from being stale for long periods of time.


UN launches campaign against gender violence targeting rape
by The Associated PressTANZANIA, Tanzania — The U.N. women’s agency has kicked off 16 days of activism against gender-based violence, targeting the often-unpunished crime of rape that afflicts women and girls in every country and has been used as a weapon in conflicts from Bosnia and Rwanda to Syria and Myanmar.
Around the world Monday, tens of thousands of women marched on the International Day to End Violence Against Women to support the campaign, “Generation Equality Stands Against Rape!”
Exact numbers are notoriously difficult to determine due to many victims’ fears of reporting rape or sexual assault.
But UN Women says approximately 15 million girls worldwide ages 15 to 19 have experienced forced sexual intercourse or other sexual actions. One of every three women worldwide is estimated to have suffered either physical or sexual violence.
The Associated Press