I'll end in AJ's podcast for your Monday.
Most wonderful show is keeping up with the Joneses.
AJ Jones?
Yes, sir.

I'm good.
We're on episode 282 of Keeping Up With The Joneses.
Welcome, everybody.
Wow, is that?
This week we're going to be talking about speaking in tongues.
Yes.
But before we do that, let's do our weekly catch up.
OK.
[LAUGHS]
Wow.
See, I feel like I cheat.
Because I write the show notes, I already
know what the weekly catch up is, but I have that same
Glaket look, use the Scottish term.
- You probably look back through the calendar
and figure out.
- That's exactly what I do.
- What we did, bid Kate's wedding.
- Except I drove all the way out to Kate's wedding,
looking particularly dapper I might add.
- Yes, you looked very dapper.
- And then immediately turned around and went home
because my back.
- Was out.
(laughs)
- And it was the same with church.
Like I got ready for church that morning.
I was thinking, "I can do this, I can do this,
"this is fine, this is fine."
And because it was a new injury, so long-time listeners
will know that I have a disc that loves to go out.
My L4 loves to subluxate.
- Yes, it likes to go sideways.
- Likes to pinch a nerve.
And that's Siri and you can't move.
This was a very different pain.
And it turns out I had a twisted pelvis.
- Well, it's all about dancing even doing it.
- I thought break dancing would be fine at age 47,
but apparently-- - Yeah, apparently.
- Not good. - We're not.
- But thank you to Dr. Ronson, our chiropractor.
My back got fixed fairly rapidly.
four chiropractic visits in as many days, twice on the decompression table.
Yeah.
And I got you sorted.
I'm almost all better.
I know some still leaning a little bit tiny bit.
Yeah.
But I don't know why my pelvis keeps getting twisted.
I just assume you're leaning towards me because you want to be with me.
But you know,
tick update.
Yes.
My tick had no diseases.
Good.
I heard back from tickcheck.com and they're like, you're good.
I stopped my antibiotics immediately.
Praise God.
But I heard from a listener this week.
Yeah. Who was listening to our episode and only got as far as the weekly update where we were talking about our tick or my tick.
And went in and found a tick on themselves and because they'd listened to our podcast, they knew exactly what to do and they too sent off their tick.
So tick check. So we're trying to like, you know, we're just like public health.
Big events that happened this week.
Our kids are out of school.
Maybe I'm just helping you jog your memory.
They are, wow, that was this week.
- That was this week.
- And they all did killer good with their grades.
- They really did.
- Knocked it out of the park, all three of them.
- Yep, so proud of them.
- We went to Bartaco, didn't we?
- We did, I forgot how much I love that place.
- Me too.
- The trouble is, I was wearing a blue and white checked shirt
and so that's what everybody who works there wears.
So I was worried that when I took MJ to the restroom
that people were gonna stop and ask for a refill or something.
But food was amazing.
Your favorite taco that you had there?
- I liked the oyster one.
- I never had that.
- No.
- I had the pork belly, which was delicious.
- Yeah.
- Do you see pork bellies too salty for me?
- Oh, it's all the sweet.
- Okay.
- Oh, and I loved to go out.
In fact, I kind of want to go there tonight.
- We can't.
- We already have food for it.
- Food, food.
I have food ready.
- Mm-hmm.
- Yup.
- Our pool, our neighborhood pool is open.
- It is?
- Memorial day weekend for Americans.
I hope you have a great Memorial Day Monday.
We plan on grilling out, probably going to the pool.
- Yeah.
- So life is good.
- It is.
- And anything else outstanding happened this week?
I can't believe this wasn't top of your list.
Where did you and I go yesterday?
- Oh, we went to the movies.
We did go to the movies.
- What did we go see?
- We saw Top Gun Maverick.
- What did you think?
- I thought it was great.
It was so nostalgic of the first one.
There were so many moments where they tied it in brilliantly,
either with music or different scenes.
I loved it. I thought it was great.
- When did the first one come out?
- Oh, I don't even know.
- 1985 or something?
- Yeah, it had to be '80s, 'cause I think I was in high school.
- IMDB, 1986 is when it came out.
- '86.
- So I was 12 when that came out.
- You were just a youngin.
Here's what was horrible for me about watching the movie, which I really enjoyed.
I mean, it's exactly what you think it will be.
Yeah.
What I really struggled with is the existential crisis of we're all getting old
and we're all going to die watching the movie.
You struggled with that?
Yes, because a 12 year old.
Because Tom Cruise is getting old.
Tom Cruise isn't getting old.
Tom Cruise is cryogenically frozen in time.
I know.
Val Kilmer.
Val Kilmer looked old.
Yeah.
And Ed Harris.
-Yes. -Yes.
-I was just thinking, "Man, life moves on."
-Yes. -And I didn't get any younger.
-Yes. -It was kind of sobering.
I had a bit of a mid-life crisis in the middle of the movie.
-Well. -Then was The Strats by Fighter J.
I was like, "Meow."
-I thought it was interesting.
We watched a little mini documentary on how
Tom Cruise had all the actors
actually had to do all this flight stuff to get ready for it,
because they are actually filming inside of planes.
-Yes.
I found it interesting that they paid $11,000 an hour for each plane of screen time.
And Tom Cruise, even though he is a pilot and is allowed to fly many, many different planes,
was forbidden from flying or touching the controls because they're military and there's a rule
where non-military people are not allowed to touch the controls.  I heard him say... And he seems to like to do all of his own things,
so I'm not surprised. I heard him say the Top Gun to this movie or Top Gun Maverick,
whatever it was called, is a love letter to aviation.
And boy, is that true.
- It seems that way, yeah, for sure.
- All right, loved it.
Great date, Knight.
- So good.
- For people our age.
(laughs)
- Yeah.
Well, I think it's a good standalone movie on its own.
I don't know, how could we know?
'Cause we have the background, but.
- Our main topic this week.
- Yes.
- Is all about speaking in tongues.
- Perfect.
- Last week we talked about baptism, the Holy Spirit.
And during that episode, we talked a little bit
about speaking in tongues.
I think I halted you 'cause I was like,
Oh no, this is a new episode that we could talk about.
I have to tell you that I'm going to wander a little bit
as I talk about speaking tongues, biblically.
And what I mean by that is--
Ooh, biblical wandering.
Well, I was raised a conservative evangelical
in a sensational background.
Nope. (laughs)
It was fabulous, I tell you.
You found fabulous.
That was so good.
Any cessationist background.
There you go.
The cessationists are people who don't believe in the gifts of the Holy Spirit for today,
so they don't believe speaking in tongues for today.
Things like prophecy, healing, all that sort of stuff doesn't happen.
Did happen in the Bible times, but now the Bible is complete.
Doesn't need to happen now.
Right.
That's what I was raised in.
Yeah.
But then I met the Holy Spirit and got baptized in the Holy Spirit.
That kind of changes your perspective.
I've still changed my perspective.
And I've spent most of my life now in charismatic churches, charismatic being people who believe
in the act of working the charisma gifts that the power of the Holy Spirit.
So I know from having lived in both those camps that depending on which end of that spectrum
you are on, you'll read the verses that I'm actually going to share on this episode and
come to different conclusions because you're looking through different lenses.
And I want to be theologically honest enough to say that I could actually argue either
interpretation of some of these verses, which is dangerous because then what you're doing
is you're making these verses say what you want them to say rather than discovering what
they are saying.
Right.
So I want to be honest about that.
And I'll add commentary when that happens.
Okay.
The reason I'm doing that is if I've got people who are not of a charismatic persuasion listening
to this because maybe a friend's like, Hey, I'm listening to this episode or I've got
people who are like, "I listened to this episode and maybe you're a pastor thinking,
'What, hang on, I want to listen to what these people are saying.' I actually just want to
have enough academic or, not even academics, you know, theological honesty to say, 'Yeah,
I could see why people in this camp believe this first means this and comment on that.
Am I going a little bit to the extra lengths or is that just the way I'm wired?'
Well, it's kind of the way you're wired, baby, so I'm all good.
So I have a bunch of questions and before I even tell you what the questions are and then
offer answers to them. I thought it would be good if we read a bunch of verses that we can then refer
back to when attempting to answer those questions. Sounds good. Can you read a very famous verse?
Yes. Or a very famous series of verses from the day of Pentecost. Acts chapter 2, take it way
age of Jones. Okay. Acts chapter 2, starting at verse 2, suddenly a sound like the blowing of a
violent wind came from heaven and filled the whole house where they were sitting. They saw what
seemed to be tongues of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them. All of them were
filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them.
Now there were staying in Jerusalem God fearing Jews from every nation under heaven
and when they heard this sound, a crowd came together in bewilderment because each one heard
their own language being spoken. Utterly amazed, they asked, aren't all these who are speaking
Galileans? Then how is it each of us hears them in our native language? Parthians, Medes, and Alomites?
residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia. Wow, Pontus and Asia. Five, how do you say that one?
Easy for you to say. Yeah, those two that start with a P Egypt and parts of Libya near Cyrene,
visitors from Rome, both Jews and converts to Judaism.  We hear them declaring the wonders of God in
our own tongues. Amazed and perplexed. They asked one another, "What does this mean?"
I'm so glad that you took that passage. Oh my gosh. If I thought ahead, I would have
been like, "No, I'm not doing it." All right. I want to read another passage. 1 Corinthians
14. Again, famous passage here. Verse 1, "Follow the way of love and eagerly desire gifts to
the Spirit, especially prophecy. For anyone who speaks in a tongue does not speak to people,
but to God. Indeed, no one understands them. They utter mysteries by the Spirit. Verse
four says, "Anyone who speaks in a tongue edifies themselves, but the one who prophesies
edifies the church. I would like every one of you to speak in tongues."
Romans 8, 26 and 27. The Spirit helps us in our weakness. We do not know what we ought
to pray for, but the Spirit Himself intercedes for us through wordless groans, and He who
searches our hearts knows the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for
God's people in accordance with the will of God.
Ephesians 6, 18 says, "Praying at all times in the Spirit with all prayer and supplication."
Jude 20 and 21, but you dear friends,
by building yourselves up in your most holy faith
and praying in the Holy Spirit,
keep yourselves and God's love
as you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ
to bring you to eternal life.
- Bunch of verses there for us.
I'll put all the links to those verses
in the show notes as normal.
Let me ask you some questions, AJ Jones.
- Oh dear, okay, I'm ready.
No, you know the answers to these.
- Okay, good.
- It's not like I'm asking you math questions.
- Okay, good.
- I'm pretty good at math, actually.
- You are very good at math.
Especially at mental arithmetic.
- I am.
- I find that amusing that I studied math,
I mean, I say I studied math at university.
I did it for like three weeks and then realized,
what am I doing?
I need to swap subjects.
 - Oh, I thought
you did a whole year.
- No.
- No.
- I was wondering how you studied math at university.
- Nope, I got accepted for math
and that very quickly realized,
what I'm out of my depth here
- It's switched to something different.
- That makes so much more sense.
Okay, I'm with you.
Because it's not just mental arithmetic.
It's like when we look at a spreadsheet and you're like,
yeah, that totally makes sense.
And I'm like, no, there's something horribly wrong
with these numbers.
- Yeah. - Yeah.
- No, that's true. - Yeah.
It's okay.
- All right, back to tongues. - Back to tongues.
- Yeah, yeah.
- So what is speaking in tongues?
- Speaking in tongues is a spiritual gift
where you are allowing the Holy Spirit to pray through you.
- I love that it's a gift
because it makes everything else easier.
- Yeah.
- Like speaking tongues is not a mark of spiritual maturity.
- No.
- Because gifts don't indicate maturity.
Fruit does.
- Right.
- So it's a gift, so you can't even earn it.
It's a gift.
- Right.
You know, we read 1 Corinthians 14 verse one,
where Paul says, "Follow the way of love
and eagerly desire gifts for the spirit."
- Yeah.
- So that's a command.
- Yeah.
- Like we are to eagerly desire gifts for the spirit.
And then Paul goes on, he talks about prophecy
and tongues, which are both spiritual gifts.
But and he implores everyone to desire prophecy, but he also says he wants everyone to speak in tongues.
Wow.
Want to make a comment here?
Yeah.
This is just my understanding of the text.
Right.
So I want to kind of make that clear.
I this would be my this would be my understanding.
It might not be my doctrine.
And I'll explain why in a second.
I think every Christian can like it has the potential to both speak in tongues and prophesy.
Yes.
And I know their gift.
And it's my understanding because I think as Paul writes here,
under the direction of the Holy Spirit, by the way,
that he tells us all to desire those things, tongues and prophecy and other gifts.
And it's most like the Father, as the Psalmist says in Psalm 145,
you know, where says God opens his hand and satisfies the desires of every living thing.
Like it's outside of a good father's nature to say,
Hey, you guys really, really, really, really desire this thing.
These things I've commanded you to, but ha ha, you're not going to get it.
That's right.
Right. So I think because it's there, as like, eagerly desire these things, we are to eagerly desire them.
And he would love to give us it.
The reason I say it's not my doctrine is because I'm aware in saying what I just said, that it might cause her or sadness.
Or I might inadvertently end up with people who think they're second class Christians, because I know of many devoted Christians who do not speak in tongue.
Yes.
Tongues.
They speak in tongue, but not in tongues.
Right. And it's not for the one of desiring it. And so I don't want to add an extra burden to them. They're like, what's wrong with you? You know, everybody can.
Right.
Having said that, though, I also have a working theory of perhaps why, which I'll talk about later. Again, based on my experience, which is why I don't make it my doctrine, but it is my considered opinion.
True theory.
That's what I told you. There'd be a little bit of wandering in this episode.
Okay. I'm ready.
All right, so it's a spiritual gift.
It's given freely by the Holy Spirit to, to, I believe all believers.
All right.
Where is it in the Bible?
Well, we just read a bunch of them.
Check the show notes for the links.
When I was thinking about the benefits, baby, I came up with four benefits of speaking in tongues.
Of course you did.
Did you rhyme them all like with the same starting with the same letter or something?
I did not.
That's Baptist.
Remember I wasn't about to just read it.
OK, could you try and make them all start with the letter P or something?
No.
OK.
The four benefits I thought of and see if you've got any more is one,
edification, yes, two intercession, yes, three worship, yes, four evangelism.
Yes, but what?
What about five strengthening?
Cause it strengthens you and your inner man, right?
That was number one, edification.
Oh, edification, I suppose that is strengthening.
I guess I think of edification differently.
I see.
I should have gone through and explained them.
Yes.
Yeah.
That's where I, that was my mistake.
Right.
Number one.
- Dedification. - Yeah.
- Edification is literally a spiritual strength thing,
or a building yourself up.
- Okay.
- So that verse that you read in Jude 20,
but you dear friends, - Yeah, yeah.
- By building yourself up in your most holy faith,
and praying in the Holy Spirit.
- Yeah.
- Or 1 Corinthians 14, verse four, I read that,
like anyone who speaks in a tongue edifies themselves.
- Yes.
- Now, let me comment,
because my cessationist lens,
from when I was growing up,
I never read Jude 20
as praying in the Holy Spirit as praying in tongues.
- Okay.
- Now, I think we have a precedent for Jude 20 being tongues
because of 1 Corinthians 14 verse four.
- Right.
- Right? Because 1 Corinthians 14 verse four says,
you edify yourself by speaking tongues.
And in Jude 20, he's talking about building yourself up
by praying in the Holy Spirit.
- Yeah.
- The church culture I grew up in,
we would just think praying in the Holy Spirit
would be like being led by the Holy Spirit
to pray in English.
- All right, got you.
- All right.
Now with my charismatic eyes, I would say that is speaking in tongues.
Yes.
I don't care too much to have that distinction made or forced.
Yes.
But I'm just explaining that for.
OK, I got you.
You know, again, I want to be sensitive to our listeners.
I don't know where you're from.
I don't know what your spiritual background is trying to be as helpful as possible.
Straight up heat then over here.
Not much of a background.
Well, I would say charismatic.
He's in, you know, you did it with gusto.
Absolutely.
So that's edification or building yourself up.
Like often when I'm needing revelation, when I'm needing,
well, actually we should have put revelation there as number five,
because I'm not sure if that's the same as edification.
I don't think so. Anyway.
Often when I speak in tongues, it feels like spiritual antennas going up
and I become more aware of what the Holy Spirit's doing.
Yeah, much more connected.
So that's what kind of that's a little bit of a edification and revelation thing.
All right.
Intercession.
Yes.
Yes.
This is what Paul's talking about.
Rome's 826.
The spirit helps us in our weakness.
We do not know what we ought to pray for,
but the spirit himself intercedes for us
through wordless groans.
- Yes.
- Similarly, in the verse we read in Ephesians 6,
verse 18, praying all times in the spirit,
there's that phrase again, with all prayer and supplication.
I had to look up supplication,
'cause it was one of those Christian words
I've used my whole life,
and I'm not entirely sure what it means.

- Supplication is just the act of asking
for something earnestly.
- Okay.
- Now, I don't know if I need a trauma warning here,
but I'm gonna talk about recent events in American news.
So in the last couple of weeks,
we've had two mass shootings in America.
Both horrible and tragic.
One in New York where 10 members of the black community
were murdered by a white supremacist,
who specifically chose that location.
Because of it's, and drove, I don't know,
like two hours to get there specifically.
And then one this week, we're 19 elementary,
that's primary school children,
and two adults were murdered in another mass shooting.
When I hear the news of both of those events,
I am instantly overwhelmed.
Like I feel like I'm drowning,
both emotionally and spiritually.
Like I can start a list of things I want to pray for,
but then I just feel lost.
And on the horizon, I'm just waiting for the beverage
of unhelpful comments or responses that I'm going to see.
This for me is where praying in the spirit is huge.
Like when I don't know what to pray for, I pray in tongues.
- Yeah.
- That would be my intercession.
- Yeah.
- Sundays, you know, we were praying for the war in Ukraine
and we were praying about the news of the Supreme Court
overturning abortion and we were praying our church
for the shooting in Buffalo.
And again, you know, we all split into,
I don't know what to pray.
I'm just like, yeah, of course I know what to pray,
but I also, there's an element of me that just doesn't.
And so I just start praying in tongues.
- Yeah.
- Do you have a praying in tongues story, baby?
- Well, I think, I don't know if it's a praying in tongues
story, but I'm just thinking a number of years ago,
like, you know, when something went, what happened?
You'd think, oh, I never prayed for this.
You know, I never asked for this.
And then I'd have the thought go through my head,
believe I don't, I actually know what I'm saying
when I'm praying in tongues.
So maybe I did, like maybe I prayed, God, refine me.
or whatever.
- Lord, crucify my flesh.
- So you're just like,
well, it's kind of a dangerous past time to bring in tongues.
But anyway, yes, that's what I was thinking about.
- All right, that's number two, intersection.
Number three, worship.
This might shock you.
- I doubt it.
- I love singing in tongues.
It's one of my favorite things to do.
- Really?
- Yeah, I knew it shocked.
In fact, my discipline used to be,
before I ever met you,
and when I had a piano, which I don't currently have,
I'd come home from work,
I'd sit down at my piano and I would just play and sing in tongues until I couldn't sit up anymore
because the Holy Spirit would come and I'd get knocked to the floor.
And we need to get you a piano.
One of my most played songs, you know, if I look in, it's not called iTunes anymore,
but if I look in my Apple Music Library, one of the most played tracks ever is a spontaneous
track that we recorded One Night at Grey Center.
Yeah.
Right?
The fabulous Jesse Early.
Yes.
inch and the incomparable Chris McLaurney all started playing.
And you know, for a large portion of the song, they're just singing in tongues.
Yeah.
And I just, I love it.
I put it on and it's not like I sing along with the tongues that they're
singing in. I sing along in my tongue.
And I'll put a link in the show.
And so if you haven't heard it, it's such a great track.
You can listen to it.
You can download it as well.
But I guess I said last week, when we're recording, I, I didn't even
start speaking in tongues, I started with with singing in tongues. And probably that's most often,
if if I am, you know, praying in tongues, I'm probably singing more than I'm than I'm speaking.
So the only time I hear you speaking tongues is our kids went through a season where when we'd
put them to bed, they didn't want us to pray in English. They wanted us to pray in tongues.
Yeah.
So we'd come into their bedroom and we'd pray in tongues over them.
Yeah.
And if we tried to pray in English, they'd be like, no, we want tongues.
Why should you pray in tongues?
And we actually had to start warning any sitters that they would ask that you
would pray in tongues.
Remember when they asked your dad if he would bring my cessationist father?
Who was babysitting one night?
And one of the kids just didn't know not to ask grandpa that, but they're like, no,
not in English grandpa in tongues.
Yeah.
I don't think he ever said anything to do.
Um, I know he just mentioned that they had asked.
Yeah.
Oh gosh.
He didn't further comment.
He just said, you MJ just asked me to pray in tongues when I put into bed.
I just prayed.
Like, okay.
Great.
Good job.
Thanks so much.
I forgot about that.
Oh, I was a massive babes.
I love it.
The final one.
Yes.
Unless we want to add anymore is evangelism.
Yeah.
And Acts 2, again, here's my theological wandering. Some theologians like to make a distinction between
the supernatural gift of tongues that is actually another language that you didn't learn,
which is what we see in Acts 2. Right. And a heavenly language that is spiritual in nature
and not understood by man. Right. And we get that from 1 Corinthians 14 verse 2. Sure.
I'm not so eager to make that distinction because I'm not sure that's actually what's going on in
acts to. And I know of people who've been speaking in tongues, like IE, their prayer
language. And it's actually a language to other people, but it wasn't a language to
them. I've heard numerous stories of that. Do you have a story?
I was just thinking about, I don't know if you were there, but this was during the revival
in Toronto.
Is this Al Mcdonald?
Yeah.
Al Mcdonald.
Yeah.
Al Mcdonald.
And, you know, he was speaking in a different tongue than what he normally speaks in.
So he was, you know, I mean, the Holy Spirit was just doing wild stuff and John was walking
around with a microphone, miking different people.

And so John went over and miked Al and all of a sudden this group of like 40, I think
they were Koreans, but they might have been Japanese.
It was a group that all came together.
All just started freaking out and came up to the front and basically they had come to
see if this was God.
And Al was saying in their language, this is God.
and then started talking about how big
and how wonderful God is.
And so this whole group of 40 people
just came up to the front and were freaking out.
And Al is this little, like, unassuming white guy,
you know, who's like in his 80s that's, you know,
yelling at the top of his lungs in some different tongue.
- Right.
- Yeah, he had no idea what was going on.
Anyway, it was just super cool.
Yeah, it's one of my favorite memories
of watching something like that happen.
- Spontaneously.
I'm going to add in number five.
I'm going to add in revelation.
I'm adding number five.
Because I remember when I learned to prophesy,
the only way I would get prophetic revelation was by speaking tongues.
Like when I started and I would lay hands on people,
if I would speak in tongues, then I would get revelation for them.
Oh, that's interesting.
Now, I don't know if one preceded the other or it was just like,
you know, scaffolding and baby steps for me.
Yeah.
But often, often when we're in meetings, I don't know if you can pray in tongues in your head,
but often I'm praying and I'm just asking the Lord for revelation,
and I will get stuff that I didn't have because I've been praying in tongues.
That's interesting. I like it.
Mm. One of my favorite books on this topic is by Mahash Chavdas called "The Hidden Power of Prayer
and Fasting." And again, one of those books is just you'll read stories in there that are almost
too supernatural to be believed. And it was a huge encouragement. If you want to learn more
about speaking in tongues, I would encourage you to read that book.
Sounds good.
Last question, A.J. Jones.
Yeah.
How do you get tongues?
You ask for it.
Yeah. Similar to baptism of the Holy Spirit, like it can happen sovereignly.
Yeah.
Or it's, you know, someone prays for you.
Yeah.
But here's the deal. I don't think that's enough.
Okay.
What I mean by that is, I believe I got the gift of tongues months before I ever used the gift of tongues.
Okay.
Like, I believe when I got baptized in the Holy Spirit that I could have spoken in tongues that night,
it's just that nobody told me how to activate it.
Right.
And so here's where I tell some humiliating stories about my own ignorance.
That about a left brainer trying to stumble into things of the Spirit.
But I think part of my confusion about speaking in tongues is I'd read fantastical books or testimonies.
I don't mean fantastical as in their fictitious,
I've just been like larger than life stories were.

And she just felt, she said I felt like a rush of wind
come from the back of my head and out my mouth
and I could hear myself saying things
in a language I'd never heard.
And I got rid of the attackers
and that's how she learned to speak in tongues.
And it would seem like most of the stories I'd read
were this kind of dramatic where the Holy Spirit came on you.
and you had no choice, but the Holy Spirit would start speaking through you.
Yeah.
And I think that was my misnomer.
That was my confusion because I used to, and I know you have no problem believing this.
As part of my daily discipline, you know, I'd read my Bible, I would pray.
And then I would wait with my mouth open and my tongue hanging out for the Holy Spirit to move my tongue.
I love you so much because I had nobody to teach me.
And I was just so eager and keen that I just said it like this.
Oh, I was just like, how long do I wait for?
You know, and then all the saliva would disappear and I just like, okay, this, this can't be it.
And then I did, I remember I had a friend pray for me and he was not aggressive at all.
But okay, this is another humiliating story.
I forget what it was, but this person prayed for me and he prayed for the baptism of Holy Spirit.
And he prayed for me to be able to speak in tongues and he tried to coach me.
  Right?
So I think I tried again and
No, I think I was so humiliated
I didn't try again and later that night after he'd left and I was on my own
I I forget the word but I had one word that wasn't English and I forget what it was
It wasn't Shaba, but it may as well have been right it was our word
That a two syllable word yeah that I would just take out for a spin every now and then and I wasn't quite sure why I would
But I continue to pray for the gifts of tongues and one day I forget how many months after this event
But I'm praying and I'm asking Lord for the gift of tongues
And I feel like the Holy Spirit says to me
Alan for you to ask me for the gift of tongues would presuppose that you don't have it and I would be that's correct
And you said if you don't have it then why do you keep saying this one word?
Right, which wasn't Shaba, but it may as well have been.
Right, right.
And I was like, you mean this is that?

So now rather than saying that one word out of awkwardness, I said that one word out of
faith, and that's what kick started me speaking in tongues.
That's so cool.
Here's the thing that I wished someone would have done when I was learning to speak in tongues
is they'd let me know what speaking tongues sounded like.
So I'm going to speak in tongues just now, right?
We're not in a church service,
so we don't need an interpretation.
For those of you like, wait, are you like to do that?
Here's what I learned about speaking tongues is,
speaking in tongues is like speaking in English.
And what I mean by that is,
I used to think the speaking in tongues
was the sovereign thing that the Holy Spirit
would fall upon me and all of a sudden uncontrollably,
I'd start saying things, no,
just like I can choose to start speaking in English.
Father, I thank you for this day.
I thank you for the people who are listening to this podcast.
I ask that you'd bless them.
Just like I can choose to start and stop speaking in English,
I can choose to start speaking in tongues,
shabratala rakabohobriyatein,
nakabarahabriyate, larakabahamriyatala rakabohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakobohorakoboh
I can also choose to stop speaking in tongues.
And the other thing is I don't have to think about what I'm going to say.
Like I'm not like speaking in tongues and thinking, "Oh, I've said that phrase a bit
too much.
I'll bear it."
I don't know.
I'll vowel sound like that's not what's happening when I'm speaking in tongues.
Do you want to know the nerdy way that I convinced myself of speaking in tongues and not making
Yeah, I do.  This is quite interesting.
Is one day while having breakfast, I picked up the back of a cereal box and I spoke in tongues,
but I read in my mind the ingredient list of the back of the cornflakes box.
Yes.
And I was amazed that I could both simultaneously speak audibly in one language and read in English
fluently. Then to make sure that my thesis was sound, I started trying to speak in English and try
and read at the same time, and I realized I couldn't do both at the same time.
Oh, that's so funny.
And therefore I realized it was two different brain functions, and that's what settled for me
I was speaking in tongues.
Oh my gosh, I love that.
It is a left-brainers' guide to speaking in tongues.
There you go.
How did you learn or not learn because it was a gift, but how did you know
that you could speak in tongues because you had lots of well-meaning Pentecostals around you saying
yeah say shit about a Honda yeah and so much pressure I don't know I started I started singing
that day and I think I had like one little phrase basically and you know Mary Audrey being this
sweet woman that she is just like that's it keep going keep going you're doing and I just kept
singing that one thing over and over again. And it's funny because for a season I had a
tongue that sounded completely different for about three or four years. And then I stopped
speaking that tongue and went back to the first one. So I, you know, and I don't know what that
was about, but yeah.
So you learned to sing first. You were the other question I had about singing tongues is,
how do you know where the music's going to go? Like often at Grey Centre will play spontaneously.
Yeah, we the band will play spontaneously. I do not do any playing, but you know, the band will play.
And how do you know where you're going to sing like both? I know how you know the words that you're going to sing as you're singing tongues, but how do you know the melody?
Well, there was no music. So I was just the melody was part of it.
Oh, really? Yeah.  Yeah, way to overachieve on your first time.
Well, I was just doing what she told me to do.
And because I trusted her and it didn't feel the same as all the other times when I had felt like
this incredible pressure to perform, it turned out okay.
That's great.
I think it would be irresponsible of us to talk about speaking tongues without also praying for
our listeners to receive the gift of tongues.
So I'm going to do that just now.
age is having an allergy attack where it sounds like snot is running as kidnapped you is that right it's yeah it's like blocking up the back of my nose.
That's not fun father i thank you.
You're good father that you love to give good gifts to your children and i thank you for this wonderful gift in many ways is a mystery it in so many ways is offensive to the rational mind.
and yet is a gift and we know from scripture lord that we're both to eagerly desire it and as
paul said lord that your eager lord that everybody would be able to speak in tongues and so i ask
right now lord that because it's a gift that you would just give a gift of speaking in tongues
to everybody who's listening right now lord that that you right now holy spirit would fall upon
people and that you would give them that gift so that they can use that gift lord for edification
for intercession, for worship, Lord, maybe evangelism and for revelation.
And I want to encourage you, like you, nobody's around, well, I don't know where you're
listening to this, but when nobody's around, you can, you can have someone pray for you,
but you need to take it out for spin and you need to step out.
And for me, the way it worked for me, you heard that is I just had one phrase, I, I
heard a phrase and it can feel like folly to say something.
It feels like you're making things up.
But as with everything in the spirit,
you need childlike faith.
When you pray, it feels like,
when you first start praying,
and even in English, it feels like you're speaking to nothing.
When you start prophesying,
you're convinced you're making it up.
When you start praying for healing,
you realize that you're utterly powerless,
and so is to with speaking in tongues.
And so I wanna encourage you,
just ask for a word,
and whatever word pops in your head,
say that and see what happens. Now, we would love to hear from you. If you've got questions
about speaking tongues, if you've got testimonies about speaking tongues, if you've got some crazy
tongue speaking stories, we'd love to hear about them. Send them to us. You can send an email to us
hello, Alan and AJ.com. We'd love to hear about that. And I forgot to mention talking about like
tongues, we had our dear friend pass a surprise come on the podcast. And I don't know how many
languages he speaks. 16? I thought it was 17, but yeah, somewhere there. 17 languages, 16 of
which have been given to him supernaturally by God, including English, where he can not only speak
English fluently, but also write it and read it. Amazing. So I'll put a link to that in the show
notes too. Okay, the risk of drowning my wife in her own start. I have a listeners question for you.
Oh dear. Yep. This is from Sweet Hillary, one of our members. Hi, Sweet Hillary.
And she asked a question about baptism, the Holy Spirit. She said this, I've got two questions. Number
one, do you think the baptism, the Holy Spirit is like water baptism in that you can get baptized
more than once? I'll go ahead and say, yes, because we leak. So we need to be filled by the Holy Spirit.
 But in Acts four,
Peter and the disciples, they're praying again, because they just had this confrontation,
and they're feeling like they need more of God's presence.
And it says in Acts 4 verse 31,
"And when they had prayed, the place where they had gathered together was shaken,
and they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak the word of God with boldness."
What's crazy is they were already previously filled in Acts 2.
Acts 2 verse 4 says, "They were all filled with the Holy Spirit."

So get as much filling as you possibly can.
Got question one.
Question number two, in the verse I heard you mentioned from Matthew 11,
"I baptize you with water for repentance, but after me comes one who is more powerful than I,
he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire."
Are those the same baptism or is there another baptism?
That's fire.
What do you think, Adrijans?
That's such a good question.
I guess I've always thought it's the same.
I think because of the fire, like the tongues and fire appearing in Acts 2, I've always
thought that that's like one baptism together, the Holy Spirit and fire.
Again, you know, depending on which lens I'm wearing from my cessationist background,
which they probably dodged the first one of being baptized and being slightly facetious.
Although in all seriousness, I once heard a preacher, I respect a cessationist preach
about Acts 2 and how he translated or how he made sense of the Holy Spirit coming on you and
giving them all a language that everybody could understand was, he said, and I quote, "When the
Holy Spirit fills you in your life as a Christian, your speech will be changed to purity so that
other people will notice a difference and see the Holy Spirit in your life." And I'm like,
that is one of the sketchiest interpretations of that verse I could imagine. That is what we call
color body's worth.  But the most common one that I've heard is what you just said that the fire is the
fire of the Holy Spirit. My cessation is views, not that I hold to cessationism anymore, but
you understand what I mean. Historically, I've heard that often talked in the context
of judgment. So it could be that. So sorry, we don't have a more definitive answer for
be a Hillary, but great question.
Thanks for sending it in.
- Well, that was a fun episode.
- Yeah.
- If you want the show notes, go to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- And if you'd like us to ask us a question,
no, if you'd like to ask us a question,
go to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- And to become a member and support the show,
go to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- Thank you so much for being with us.


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Open source components which make signals exchanged between IoT devices and mobile Dapps transactionally available to smart contracts on the
Ethereum blockchain. Project includes:
A social-networking app which uses phone-based Bluetooth beacons and proximity detection to make the public GitHub profiles of nearby users visible. Clients only have to login once to be detectable. From then on the app will wake up in the background whenever its host device encounters BLE signal emitted by another user's phone and contact a Meteor server to notify the devices that they're near each other.
An HTML5 video editor and cloud service that lets you cut, loop and re-publish any
YouTube video without uploading or downloading video files. Specify the precise start and end
frames of a clip and instantly embed it as a looping video on another web page or post it to a social media feed.


Home
do school list
make shore to have my tablets
as soon as i have finished breakfast do my back exercise
2:30 do my work out
12:30 take a 15min break and walk
start your leaning people work
take a hour break
start free coding at 2:30
Check All
Uncheck All


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See: Description
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| ArgChecker |
Contains utility methods for checking inputs to methods.
|
| DoubleArrayMath |
Contains utility methods for maths on double arrays.
|
| Guavate |
Utilities that help bridge the gap between Java 8 and Google Guava.
|
| MapStream<K,V> |
A stream implementation which adds methods for manipulating keys and values when streaming over map entries.
|
| Messages |
Contains utility methods for managing messages.
|
| TypedString<T extends TypedString<T>> |
An abstract class designed to enable typed strings.
|
| Unchecked |
Static utility methods that convert checked exceptions to unchecked.
|
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| UncheckedReflectiveOperationException |
An unchecked reflection exception.
|
Each package focuses on a different data structure:
Copyright 2009-Present by OpenGamma Inc. and individual contributors
Apache v2 licensed
Additional documentation can be found at opengamma.github.io/StrataDocs.


| Overview | Module | Use | Devguide | Index |
| uses of exception DOMException |
back to exception DOMException |
Copyright © 2013, The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. Apache, the Apache feather logo, Apache OpenOffice and OpenOffice.org are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.


Jedds Tree Care: Emerald Ash Borer
What Emerald Ash Borer
It is an exotic insect pest from Asia.
What do they do.
The flattened, creamy white larval stage feeds below the bark and cuts off the living, water and nutrient conducting vessels causing tree death.
What trees to they go for
They eat ash trees
For more information go to the link watch a playlist of ash trees and Emerald Ash Borer or go read some more information on the other link.
Here for playlist
Here for info
Here for info


This was my second experience with mephedrone. I don't have much more to say about it that I didn't say in my first experience report, mostly I am just writing this because I have not read any other reports of anybody trying to smoke mephedrone.
My friend and I each started off with a 250mg oral dose. We have read about how compelling it is to redose, so she only brought over a little less than a gram for the two of us to split. My friend mentioned the possibility of sprinkling it over weed to smoke it, but I suggested that since we don't know the melting point of this substance and don't know if it will vaporize or just burn, it my be more efficacious to smoke it in a way that involves an indirect flame.  It isn't very classy, but it works.
We decided to try some, smoked, about two hours or so after we had ingested the initial oral dose. I didn't measure the smoked doses, but I loaded the bulb five times through the course of the evening, and I know we had 300mg so probably about 60mg each time, which was plenty for each of us to take one big hit.
It melted fairly quickly and vaporized cleanly leaving very little residue behind. The smoke was not nearly as harsh as I feared it might be. I insufflated a little the first time I tried mephedrone, and the burn wasn't horrible, but it wasn't pleasant either, so I worried the smoke might be kind of harsh. It actually tasted almost pleasant. My friend commented that it was almost fragrant, reminiscent of laundry detergent maybe. It was definitely chemical-y in nature still, but it wasn't nearly as bad as I thought it could be.
The effects when smoked were about what I expected. A pleasant rush hit almost immediately upon inhaling the smoke, lasted for about ten minutes, and then gave way to a pleasant stimulation. When smoked, it seemed to be slightly more stimulating and not quite as euphoric. I also noticed that my jaw really started clenching when we started smoking it. I don't know if that was just because of the increased dosage, or if the route of administration actually makes a difference.
We continued smoking, each taking a good sized hit every 30-45 minutes until we finished off the bag my friend had brought with her, so we probably smoked about 150mg each, in about 50mg doses every 30-45 minutes.
The jaw clenching was worse this time than it was the first time I tried mephedrone, but the first time I only took 250mg, and this time I took about 400 (over the course of 5 hours or so). I had a little trouble falling asleep, but it wasn't as bad as with say coke or nowhere near as bad as after meth. Once I finally fell asleep, I slept well for about 6 hours. I got up the next day and felt just fine. I was maybe a little tired from being up later than usual, but no noticeable signs of a hangover.
Overall, I enjoyed this route of administration. The mephedrone smoked well. It melted and vaporized easily in a manner very similar to meth, and the smoke wasn't unpleasant at all. When we ran out, I wasn't too terribly torn up over it, but if we had had more, we probably would have kept doing it. Since smoking substances is more compulsive for me than insufflating or ingesting orally, I plan to be very careful, given mephedrone's reputation for causing users to redose excessively. I know if I try smoking it again, I'll make sure we only have what we can reasonably use in one evening available, and leave the rest somewhere else. I know a lot of people have done a lot more than 400mg in one go, but still, we had planned on having a bit left over from that bag and we ended up finishing it. No harm done I guess, we both felt fine the next day, but now we just know to be more careful.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


@@include('../layouts/head.html', {
"title": "HTML & CSS Bài 2"
})
@@include('../layouts/styles.html')
@@include('../layouts/header.html')
@@include('../layouts/feature.html')
@@include('../layouts/gallery.html')
@@include('../layouts/video.html')
@@include('../layouts/price.html')
@@include('../partials/testimonials.html')
@@include('../layouts/download.html')
@@include('../layouts/contact.html')
@@include('../layouts/footer.html')
@@include('../layouts/scripts.html')


{% extends 'emails/base.html' %} {% block content %}
Dear {{ name }} officers,
We are looking forward to seeing you at the {{ fair.name }}! The fair will be on {{ fair.time }}. There are a few action items you must complete, such as adding club officers and setting up your Zoom meeting, prior to the start of the {{ fair.name }}.
{{ name }} is scheduled to present on the following time slots:
To find which day a specific club is presenting on, you can check this list.
Please follow the link below to setup your virtual fair booth for the {{ fair.name }}. Only one club officer needs to complete the setup process.
Setup Your Booth {% if extra %}Reminder that if your club is not going to participate in the Jan 27 morning session, you MUST upload a multimedia alternative to your club page by noon on the day you're scheduled for. To learn how to do this, you can follow this guide.
{% endif %}For more information about the fair, check out the officer guide. The guide contains information on how to use our three-step process to ensure your Zoom meetings are best set up for the {{ fair.name }}, how to best take advantage of the tools Penn Clubs has to offer, and tips on how to boost your club to the top of our homepage!
If you have any questions about the Penn Clubs platform, please respond to this email.
If you have any questions about the {{ fair.name }} in general, please contact {{ fair.contact }}.
{% endblock %}


CPIO
Section: Misc. Reference Manual Pages (1L)Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
cpio - copy files to and from archivesSYNOPSIS
Copy-out modeIn copy-out mode, cpio copies files into an archive. It reads a list of filenames, one per line, on the standard input, and writes the archive onto the standard output. A typical way to generate the list of filenames is with the find command; you should give find the -depth option to minimize problems with permissions on directories that are unreadable. see ``Options''.
cpio {-o|--create} [-0acvABLV] [-C bytes] [-H format] [-M message] [-O [[user@]host:]archive] [-F [[user@]host:]archive] [--file=[[user@]host:]archive] [--format=format] [--message=message][--null] [--reset-access-time] [--verbose] [--dot] [--append] [--block-size=blocks] [--dereference] [--io-size=bytes] [--rsh-command=command] [--help] [--version] < name-list [> archive]
Copy-in mode
In copy-in mode, cpio copies files out of an archive or lists the archive contents. It reads the archive from the standard input. Any non-option command line arguments are shell globbing patterns; only files in the archive whose names match one or more of those patterns are copied from the archive. Unlike in the shell, an initial `.' in a filename does match a wildcard at the start of a pattern, and a `/' in a filename can match wildcards. If no patterns are given, all files are extracted. see ``Options''.
cpio {-i|--extract} [-bcdfmnrtsuvBSV] [-C bytes] [-E file] [-H format] [-M message] [-R [user][:.][group]] [-I [[user@]host:]archive] [-F [[user@]host:]archive] [--file=[[user@]host:]archive] [--make-directories] [--nonmatching] [--preserve-modification-time] [--numeric-uid-gid] [--rename] [-t|--list] [--swap-bytes] [--swap] [--dot] [--unconditional] [--verbose] [--block-size=blocks] [--swap-halfwords] [--io-size=bytes] [--pattern-file=file] [--format=format] [--owner=[user][:.][group]] [--no-preserve-owner] [--message=message] [--force-local] [--no-absolute-filenames] [--absolute-filenames] [--sparse] [--only-verify-crc] [--to-stdout] [--quiet] [--rsh-command=command] [--help] [--version] [pattern...] [< archive]
Copy-pass mode
In copy-pass mode, cpio copies files from one directory tree to another, combining the copy-out and copy-in steps without actually using an archive. It reads the list of files to copy from the standard input; the directory into which it will copy them is given as a non-option argument. see ``Options''.
cpio {-p|--pass-through} [-0adlmuvLV] [-R [user][:.][group]] [--null] [--reset-access-time] [--make-directories] [--link] [--quiet] [--preserve-modification-time] [--unconditional] [--verbose] [--dot] [--dereference] [--owner=[user][:.][group]] [--no-preserve-owner] [--sparse] [--help] [--version] destination-directory < name-list
DESCRIPTION
GNU cpio is a tool for creating and extracting archives, or copying files from one place to another. It handles a number of cpio formats as well as reading and writing tar files.Following archive formats are supported: binary, old ASCII, new ASCII, crc, HPUX binary, HPUX old ASCII, old tar, and POSIX.1 tar. The tar format is provided for compatibility with the tar program. By default, cpio creates binary format archives, for compatibility with older cpio programs. When extracting from archives, cpio automatically recognizes which kind of archive it is reading and can read archives created on machines with a different byte-order.
OPTIONS
- `-0, --null'
- Read a list of filenames terminated by a null character, instead of a newline, so that files whose names contain newlines can be archived. GNU find is one way to produce a list of null-terminated filenames. This option may be used in copy-out and copy-pass modes.
- `-a, --reset-access-time'
- Reset the access times of files after reading them, so that it does not look like they have just been read.
- `-A, --append'
- Append to an existing archive. Only works in copy-out mode. The archive must be a disk file specified with the -O or -F (-file) option.
- `-b, --swap'
- Swap both halfwords of words and bytes of halfwords in the data. Equivalent to -sS. This option may be used in copy-in mode. Use this option to convert 32-bit integers between big-endian and little-endian machines.
- `-B'
- Set the I/O block size to 5120 bytes. Initially the block size is 512 bytes.
- `--block-size=BLOCK-SIZE'
- Set the I/O block size to BLOCK-SIZE * 512 bytes.
- `-c'
- Identical to ``-H newc'', use the new (SVR4) portable format. If you wish the old portable (ASCII) archive format, use ``-H odc'' instead.
- `-C IO-SIZE, --io-size=IO-SIZE'
- Set the I/O block size to IO-SIZE bytes.
- `-d, --make-directories'
- Create leading directories where needed.
- `-E FILE, --pattern-file=FILE'
- Read additional patterns specifying filenames to extract or list from FILE. The lines of FILE are treated as if they had been non-option arguments to cpio. This option is used in copy-in mode,
- `-f, --nonmatching'
- Only copy files that do not match any of the given patterns.
- `-F, --file=archive'
- Archive filename to use instead of standard input or output. To use a tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a filename that starts with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be preceded by a username and an `@' to access the remote tape drive as that user, if you have permission to do so (typically an entry in that user's `~/.rhosts' file).
- `--force-local'
- With -F, -I, or -O, take the archive file name to be a local file even if it contains a colon, which would ordinarily indicate a remote host name.
- `-H FORMAT, --format=FORMAT'
- Use archive format FORMAT. The valid formats are listed below; the same names are also recognized in all-caps. The default in copy-in mode is to automatically detect the archive format, and in copy-out mode is `bin'.
- `bin'
- The obsolete binary format.
- `odc'
- The old (POSIX.1) portable format.
- `newc'
- The new (SVR4) portable format, which supports file systems having more than 65536 i-nodes.
- `crc'
- The new (SVR4) portable format with a checksum added.
- `tar'
- The old tar format.
- `ustar'
- The POSIX.1 tar format. Also recognizes GNU tar archives, which are similar but not identical.
- `hpbin'
- The obsolete binary format used by HPUX's cpio (which stores device files differently).
- `hpodc'
- The portable format used by HPUX's cpio (which stores device files differently).
- `-i, --extract'
- Run in copy-in mode. see ``Copy-in mode''.
- `-I archive'
- Archive filename to use instead of standard input. To use a tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a filename that starts with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be preceded by a username and an `@' to access the remote tape drive as that user, if you have permission to do so (typically an entry in that user's `~/.rhosts' file).
- `-k'
- Ignored; for compatibility with other versions of cpio.
- `-l, --link'
- Link files instead of copying them, when possible.
- `-L, --dereference'
- Copy the file that a symbolic link points to, rather than the symbolic link itself.
- `-m, --preserve-modification-time'
- Retain previous file modification times when creating files.
- `-M MESSAGE, --message=MESSAGE'
- Print MESSAGE when the end of a volume of the backup media (such as a tape or a floppy disk) is reached, to prompt the user to insert a new volume. If MESSAGE contains the string ``%d'', it is replaced by the current volume number (starting at 1).
- `-n, --numeric-uid-gid'
- Show numeric UID and GID instead of translating them into names when using the `--verbose option'.
- `--no-absolute-filenames'
- Create all files relative to the current directory in copy-in mode, even if they have an absolute file name in the archive.
- `--absolute-filenames' (default)
- Do not strip leading file name components that contain ``..'' and leading slashes from file names in copy-in mode
- `--no-preserve-owner'
- Do not change the ownership of the files; leave them owned by the user extracting them. This is the default for non-root users, so that users on System V don't inadvertently give away files. This option can be used in copy-in mode and copy-pass mode
- `-o, --create'
- Run in copy-out mode. see ``Copy-out mode''.
- `-O archive'
- Archive filename to use instead of standard output. To use a tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a filename that starts with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be preceded by a username and an `@' to access the remote tape drive as that user, if you have permission to do so (typically an entry in that user's `~/.rhosts' file).
- `--only-verify-crc'
- Verify the CRC's of each file in the archive, when reading a CRC format archive. Don't actually extract the files.
- `-p, --pass-through'
- Run in copy-pass mode. see ``Copy-pass mode''.
- `--quiet'
- Do not print the number of blocks copied.
- `-r, --rename'
- Interactively rename files.
- `-R [user][:.][group], --owner [user][:.][group]'
- Set the ownership of all files created to the specified user and/or group in copy-out and copy-pass modes. Either the user, the group, or both, must be present. If the group is omitted but the ``:'' or ``.'' separator is given, use the given user's login group. Only the super-user can change files' ownership.
- `--rsh-command=COMMAND'
- Notifies cpio that is should use COMMAND to communicate with remote devices.
- `-s, --swap-bytes'
- Swap the bytes of each halfword (pair of bytes) in the files.This option can be used in copy-in mode.
- `-S, --swap-halfwords'
- Swap the halfwords of each word (4 bytes) in the files. This option may be used in copy-in mode.
- `--sparse'
- Write files with large blocks of zeros as sparse files. This option is used in copy-in and copy-pass modes.
- `-t, --list'
- Print a table of contents of the input.
- `--to-stdout'
- Extract files to standard output. This option may be used in copy-in mode.
- `-u, --unconditional'
- Replace all files, without asking whether to replace existing newer files with older files.
- `-v, --verbose'
- List the files processed, or with `-t', give an `ls -l' style table of contents listing. In a verbose table of contents of a ustar archive, user and group names in the archive that do not exist on the local system are replaced by the names that correspond locally to the numeric UID and GID stored in the archive.
- `-V, --dot'
- Print a `.' for each file processed.
- `--version'
- Print the cpio program version number and exit.
EXAMPLES
When creating an archive, cpio takes the list of files to be processed from the standard input, and then sends the archive to the standard output, or to the device defined by the `-F' option. Usually find or ls is used to provide this list to the standard input. In the following example you can see the possibilities for archiving the contents of a single directory.% ls | cpio -ov > directory.cpio
The `-o' option creates the archive, and the `-v' option prints the names of the files archived as they are added. Notice that the options can be put together after a single `-' or can be placed separately on the command line. The `>' redirects the cpio output to the file `directory.cpio'.
If you wanted to archive an entire directory tree, the find command can provide the file list to cpio:
% find . -print -depth | cpio -ov > tree.cpio
This will take all the files in the current directory, the directories below and place them in the archive tree.cpio. Again the `-o' creates an archive, and the `-v' option shows you the name of the files as they are archived. see ``Copy-out mode''. Using the `.' in the find statement will give you more flexibility when doing restores, as it will save file names with a relative path vice a hard wired, absolute path. The `-depth' option forces `find' to print of the entries in a directory before printing the directory itself. This limits the effects of restrictive directory permissions by printing the directory entries in a directory before the directory name itself.
Extracting an archive requires a bit more thought because cpio will not create directories by default. Another characteristic, is it will not overwrite existing files unless you tell it to.
% cpio -iv < directory.cpio
This will retrieve the files archived in the file directory.cpio and place them in the present directory. The `-i' option extracts the archive and the `-v' shows the file names as they are extracted. If you are dealing with an archived directory tree, you need to use the `-d' option to create directories as necessary, something like:
% cpio -idv < tree.cpio
This will take the contents of the archive tree.cpio and extract it to the current directory. If you try to extract the files on top of files of the same name that already exist (and have the same or later modification time) cpio will not extract the file unless told to do so by the -u option. see ``Copy-in mode''.
In copy-pass mode, cpio copies files from one directory tree to another, combining the copy-out and copy-in steps without actually using an archive. It reads the list of files to copy from the standard input; the directory into which it will copy them is given as a non-option argument. see ``Copy-pass mode''.
% find . -depth -print0 | cpio --null -pvd new-dir
The example shows copying the files of the present directory, and sub-directories to a new directory called new-dir. Some new options are the `-print0' available with GNU find, combined with the `--null' option of cpio. These two options act together to send file names between find and cpio, even if special characters are embedded in the file names. Another is `-p', which tells cpio to pass the files it finds to the directory `new-dir'.
BUGS
The GNU folks, in general, abhor man pages, and create info documents instead. The maintainer of cpio falls into this category. Thus this man page may not be complete, nor current, and was included in the Red Hat CVS tree because man is a great tool :).REPORTING BUGS
Please report bugs via https://bugzilla.redhat.com.SEE ALSO
The full documentation for cpio is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and cpio programs are properly installed at your site, the command- info cpio
should give you access to the complete manual. The online copy of the documentation is available at the following address:
http://www.gnu.org/software/cpio/manual
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:29:02 GMT, December 24, 2015


I'm currently
Head of research at
Datadome where I lead the threat research team.
I focus on improving the quality of our detection engine.
It involves research on several topics, such as:
- Browser fingerprinting
- Behavioral detection
- (Residential) Proxies detection
Before I joined
Datadome as an R&D engineer, I was a PhD student at the
University of Lille and Inria (France).
My PhD focused on browser fingerprinting.
I explored how it can be used for tracking, as well as to improve security on the web.
In particular, a part of my work focused on using browser fingerprinting to detect bots and crawlers such as Chrome headless.
Whenever possible, I try to open source the code I write on my
Github profile.
In my spare time, I work on a free API to
detect IPs used by bots.
List of publications
- Antoine Vastel, Walter Rudametkin, Romain Rouvoy, Xavier Blanc. FP-Crawlers: studying the resilience of browser fingerprinting to block crawlers. MADWeb'20-NDSS Workshop on Measurements, 2020
- Antoine Vastel, Pierre Laperdrix, Walter Rudametkin, Romain Rouvoy. FP-STALKER: Tracking Browser Fingerprint Evolutions. IEEE S&P 2018 - 39th IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, May 2018 (Acceptance rate: 12%)
- Antoine Vastel, Pierre Laperdrix, Walter Rudametkin, Romain Rouvoy. FP-Scanner: The Privacy Implications of Browser Fingerprint Inconsistencies. Proceedings of the 27th USENIX Security Symposium, Aug 2018 (Acceptance rate: 19%)
- Antoine Vastel, Walter Rudametkin, Romain Rouvoy. FP-TESTER: Automated Testing of Browser Fingerprint Resilience. IWPE 2018 - 4th International Workshop on Privacy Engineering, Apr 2018
- Peter Snyder, Antoine Vastel, Ben Livshits. Who Filters the Filters: Understanding the Growth, Usefulness and Efficiency of Crowdsourced Ad Blocking. Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems, June 2020 (Acceptance rate: ~16%)
- Vikas Mishra, Pierre Laperdrix, Antoine Vastel, Walter Rudametkin, Romain Rouvoy, Martin Lopatka. Don’t count me out: On the relevance of IP address in the tracking ecosystem. Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020 (Acceptance rate: ~19.4%)


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leeds.gov.uk/council/Pages/Councillors-and-Committees.aspx
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leeds.gov.uk
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Open Government Licence


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Ever wanted to start a business in Australia? The World Bank is here to tell you exactly what to expect.
Found out about this report in The Economist, looking forward to having a flick through.
--- layout: post title: "Doing Business" date: 2009-03-22 comments: false ---


Motive a mystery in fatal California school shooting
SANTA CLARITA, Calif.
by Canadian PressSANTA CLARITA, Calif. — A 16-year-old boy planned the attack that killed two students and wounded three others at a Southern California high school, but investigators were so far unable to find out why he brought a gun to campus and opened fire, authorities said Friday.
After more than 40 interviews and evaluation of evidence, no motive had been established, said Capt. Kent Wegener, of the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department’s homicide unit. He said no manifesto, diary or suicide note had been found.
“It still remains a mystery why,” Sheriff Alex Villanueva told a press conference.
The teenager opened fire on his birthday Thursday morning after being dropped off by his mother at Saugus High School in the Los Angeles suburb of Santa Clarita.
Nathaniel Tennosuke Berhow fired the final bullet into his own head. He died at 3:32 p.m. Friday at a hospital with his mother present, according to a Sheriff’s Department statement.
The shooting in an outdoor plaza took just 16 seconds and was recorded on security video, authorities said.
The teen stood by himself, did not appear to interact with anyone and then walked to the centre of the quad, Villanueva said.
“As far as we know the actual targets were at random,” the sheriff said.
The sheriff said the conclusion that the attack was planned was based on the shooter bringing the weapon, handling it with enough expertise and counting the rounds fired.
“It wasn’t a spur-of-the-moment act,” Villanueva said.
The origin of the gun was being investigated.
Three off-duty law enforcement officers were first on the scene and treated some of the wounded until paramedics arrived.
The dead were identified as 15-year-old Gracie Anne Muehlberger and 14-year-old Dominic Blackwell.
The names of the wounded students were not released.
Doctors said Friday morning that two girls, ages 14 and 15, who were both shot in the torso, were doing well and should be released from the hospital over the weekend. A 14-year-old boy was treated and released from another hospital, authorities said.
The suspect was described as a quiet and smart kid who was a Boy Scout and had previously run track for his school.
“You have the image of a loner, someone who is socially awkward, doesn’t get along, some violent tendencies, dark brooding and online strange postings — stuff like that,” Villanueva said. With this boy, investigators have found “nothing out of the ordinary. He’s a cookie cutter kid that you could find anywhere.”
In fact, the stereotype of the loser sociopath is often inaccurate, according to the psychologist who wrote federal guidelines for assessing school shooting threats and has interviewed 10 shooters.
What pushes most shooters is some kind of loss or disappointment, often recent, followed by the inability to cope with a feeling of being overwhelmed, according to Marisa Randazzo, a former chief research psychologist at the U.S. Secret Service.
“These are acts of suicide as much as homicide,” said Randazzo, who is now CEO of a firm that does threat assessments.
Most shooters she studied were academically successful and weren’t social outcasts.
Friends said while the boy could be introverted, he had a girlfriend and good social network focused on his cross-country teammates.
Randazzo said she expects investigators will learn that someone had an inkling of trouble.
___
Antczak reported from Los Angeles.
___
This story has been corrected to show the girl who died in the shooting was 15, not 16.
Stefanie Dazio And John Antczak, The Associated Press


--- title: Add API image: /assets/images/logo-big.png layout: default.liquid support: false ---
This page is help you to submit your API into the APIs.guru directory. The most important requirement is the presence of a machine-readable API definition in one of the popular formats, such as: OpenAPI (fka Swagger), RAML, API Blueprint, etc.
Important note: we only aggregate API definitions, not host them. So please, provide us with a stable URL to the definition. We will use it to keep your definition up to date: see our update procedure .
Note: If you enter a .well-known/ai-plugin.json
URL in the URL
field,
the linked OpenAPI definition will be looked up and the name and logo fields automatically populated.


Extensions are new tasks that you can add to your nwayo workflow
Add the extension to your package.json
{
"name": "my-beautiful-project",
"license": "UNLICENSED",
"private": true,
"dependencies": {
"@absolunet/nwayo-workflow": "3.6.0",
"@absolunet/nwayo-extension-officially-perfect": "1.0.0",
"nwayo-extension-customy-correct": "1.0.0"
}
}
Add the extension to your nwayo.yaml
extensions:
'@absolunet/officially-perfect':
enabled: true
options:
param1: foo
param2: bar
'customy-correct':
enabled: true
options:
foo: param1
bar: param2
For the detailled options and other configurations check the extension's documentation.
Each extension should give you the list of tasks you can run but they should follow this format
nwayo run officiallyperfect:task1
nwayo run officiallyperfect:task2
nwayo run customycorrect:build-this
nwayo run customycorrect:build-that
These are the official extensions
These are the extensions tagged on npm


sourceforge.net |
AVL ArrayExamples |
Download |
The code listed in simpletest.cpp
is a rough, simple test. It shows that
AVL Arrays outperform vector and list under very particular conditions. AVL Arrays
are the best choice in cases where both kinds of operations (random access and
insert/erase at any point) are performed frequently in highly populated containers.
The test consists in populating a sequence container by inserting random numbers in random positions, and then removing elements from random positions until only one remains. The final element is shown as a proof that all containers execute the same operations. The next table shows some results:
simpletest.cpp
| Size | list |
vector |
deque |
avl_array |
Final element |
10000 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
17825 |
15000 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
23360 |
22500 |
8 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
6148 |
33750 |
26 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
7020 |
50625 |
118 |
3 |
4 |
0 |
14041 |
75937 |
>120 1 |
6 |
9 |
1 |
31946 |
113905 |
NA |
15 |
20 |
1 |
13288 |
170857 |
NA |
39 |
48 |
1 |
32266 |
256285 |
NA |
>120 2 |
>120 3 |
3 |
29099 |
384427 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
4 |
2097 |
576640 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
7 |
17736 |
864960 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
12 |
16371 |
1297440 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
19 |
23998 |
1946160 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
30 |
10100 |
2919240 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
50 |
19130 |
4378860 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
84 |
20558 |
6568290 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
>120 4 |
NA |
1 : Aborted after 83% inserted |
2 : Aborted after 100% inserted, 54% removed |
3 : Aborted after 100% inserted, 55% removed |
4 : Aborted after 100% inserted, 35% removed |
Results obtained with:
|
The code listed in npsvexample.cpp
is an example
of the experimental feature
"Non-Proportional Sequence View"
(NPSV). This feature exploits, in a more general form, the same
principle that AVL Array uses for indexing the sequence with
natural numbers.
The difference is that in the normal sequence view every element counts as 1, while in the NPSV each element can count as a 'width' that can be changed. The position of every element is the sum of the widths of the previous elements in the sequence order. Negative widths are forbidden, but zero width is allowed.
When an element has zero width, the next one seems to be in the same position from the NPSV point of view. In these cases the lookup at this shared position always returns the first element of the 'same position' group (or the last one if explicitly requested).
The type of the width is a parameter of the avl_array template,
providing a lot of possibilities: unsigned, double, or any
class providing some overloaded operators =
,
+=
, ==
, <
, and a conversion
from int
, which will be used for 0 and 1.
The output of the program is shown in comments along the code.
Revised 29 November, 2009
Copyright © Universidad de Alcalá 2006-2009. See accompanying license.


Hi!
My name is Kristen. It's nice to meet you.
I'm an Epicodus student, Makeup Artist, and Mama.
My alma mater is Santa Clara University. I was born in the Bay Area, raised in Texas, and now live in the PNW.
For several years, I worked in online advertising at Google.
In 2013, I did some traveling before pursuing a new career in the beauty industry here in Portland.
Working closely with local photographers and designers as a makeup artist has woken up my creative side, and I love sharing my vision through web design.


public interface Scheduler
Schedulers can manage batch task (which do their job and complete), or persistent tasks (which run until terminated.)
The scheduler tracks task completion (for batch tasks) and task levels (for persistent tasks.)
| Modifier and Type | Interface and Description |
|---|---|
static interface |
Scheduler.TaskManager |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
adjust()
Adjust the number of running tasks to better track the desired number.
|
void |
change(int delta)
Increase (positive) or decrease (negative) the number of desired tasks by
the given amount.
|
void |
completed(Task task) |
String |
getName() |
int[] |
getProgress()
Return an estimate of progress given as a ratio of (work completed, total
work).
|
int |
getRequestTimeoutSec()
Maximum amount of time to wait when cancelling a job in the REQUESTING
state.
|
ContainerRequestSpec |
getResource()
For reporting, get the YARN resources requested by processes in
this pool.
|
int |
getTarget()
Get the desired number of running tasks.
|
Scheduler.TaskManager |
getTaskManager() |
String |
getType() |
boolean |
hasMoreTasks()
If this is a batch scheduler, whether all tasks for the batch have
completed.
|
boolean |
isTracked()
Whether tasks from this scheduler should incorporate app startup/shutdown
acknowledgements (acks) into the task lifecycle.
|
void |
limitContainerSize(org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.Resource maxResource) |
void |
registerState(SchedulerState state)
Register the state object that tracks tasks launched by this scheduler.
|
void |
requestTimedOut()
Informs the scheduler that a YARN resource request timed out.
|
int |
resize(int level)
Set the number of desired tasks to the given level.
|
void |
setPriority(int priority)
Controller-assigned priority for this scheduler.
|
void setPriority(int priority)
priority
- void registerState(SchedulerState state)
state
- String getName()
String getType()
boolean isTracked()
Scheduler.TaskManager getTaskManager()
int getTarget()
void change(int delta)
delta
- int resize(int level)
level
- void completed(Task task)
void adjust()
SchedulerState
registered with
registerState(SchedulerState)
.int[] getProgress()
boolean hasMoreTasks()
ContainerRequestSpec getResource()
void limitContainerSize(org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.Resource maxResource) throws AMException
AMException
int getRequestTimeoutSec()
void requestTimedOut()
Copyright © 2021 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.


Interface to get ip addresses of local network interfaces
| File | common/interface/network.h |
| Classes |
INetwork LocalAddr LocalAddresses |
class INetwork {
public:
static LocalAddresses * GetLocalAddresses()
};
class LocalAddr {
public:
bool iPv6;
char * addr;
LocalAddr(char * addr, bool iPv6) {
this->addr = addr;
this->iPv6 = iPv6;
};
~LocalAddr() { if(addr) free(addr); };
};
class LocalAddresses {
public:
istd::list localAddresses;
~LocalAddresses() {
while(this->localAddresses.front()) {
delete this->localAddresses.front();
}
}
};


WITNESS LIST State Affairs Committee (Subcommittee on Privatization Ethics and Accountability) December 11, 1997-3:00P Agency contracting On: Cynthia Reed (SAO) Doug Brown (SAO) Greg Adams (SAO) Michelle Gee (Council on Compet. Govt) Patricia Perry-Williams (SAO) Sarah Woelk (Ethics Commission) Tom "Smitty" Smith (Public Citizen) Open Records For: Suzy Woodford (Common Cause)


Annotation¶
-
class
pylidc.
Annotation
(**kwargs)[source]¶ The Nodule model class holds the information from a single physicians annotation of a nodule >= 3mm class with a particular scan. A nodule has many contours, each of which refers to the contour drawn for nodule in each scan slice.
-
subtlety
¶ int, range = {1,2,3,4,5} – Difficulty of detection. Higher values indicate easier detection.
- ‘Extremely Subtle’
- ‘Moderately Subtle’
- ‘Fairly Subtle’
- ‘Moderately Obvious’
- ‘Obvious’
-
internalStructure
¶ int, range = {1,2,3,4} – Internal composition of the nodule.
- ‘Soft Tissue’
- ‘Fluid’
- ‘Fat’
- ‘Air’
-
calcification
¶ int, range = {1,2,3,4,6} – Pattern of calcification, if present.
- ‘Popcorn’
- ‘Laminated’
- ‘Solid’
- ‘Non-central’
- ‘Central’
- ‘Absent’
-
sphericity
¶ int, range = {1,2,3,4,5} – The three-dimensional shape of the nodule in terms of its roundness.
- ‘Linear’
- ‘Ovoid/Linear’
- ‘Ovoid’
- ‘Ovoid/Round’
- ‘Round’
-
margin
¶ int, range = {1,2,3,4,5} – Description of how well-defined the nodule margin is.
- ‘Poorly Defined’
- ‘Near Poorly Defined’
- ‘Medium Margin’
- ‘Near Sharp’
- ‘Sharp’
-
lobulation
¶ int, range = {1,2,3,4,5} – The degree of lobulation ranging from none to marked
- ‘No Lobulation’
- ‘Nearly No Lobulation’
- ‘Medium Lobulation’
- ‘Near Marked Lobulation’
- ‘Marked Lobulation’
-
spiculation
¶ int, range = {1,2,3,4,5} – The extent of spiculation present.
- ‘No Spiculation’
- ‘Nearly No Spiculation’
- ‘Medium Spiculation’
- ‘Near Marked Spiculation’
- ‘Marked Spiculation’
-
texture
¶ int, range = {1,2,3,4,5} – Radiographic solidity: internal texture (solid, ground glass, or mixed).
- ‘Non-Solid/GGO’
- ‘Non-Solid/Mixed’
- ‘Part Solid/Mixed’
- ‘Solid/Mixed’
- ‘Solid’
-
malignancy
¶ int, range = {1,2,3,4,5} – Subjective assessment of the likelihood of malignancy, assuming the scan originated from a 60-year-old male smoker.
- ‘Highly Unlikely’
- ‘Moderately Unlikely’
- ‘Indeterminate’
- ‘Moderately Suspicious’
- ‘Highly Suspicious’
Example
A short usage example for the Annotation class:
import pylidc as pl # Get the first annotation with spiculation value greater than 3. ann = pl.query(pl.Annotation)\ .filter(pl.Annotation.spiculation > 3).first() print(ann.spiculation) # => 4 # Each nodule feature has a corresponding property # to print the semantic value. print(ann.Spiculation) # => Medium-High Spiculation ann = anns.first() print("%.2f, %.2f, %.2f" % (ann.diameter, ann.surface_area, ann.volume)) # => 17.98, 1221.40, 1033.70
-
Calcification
¶ Semantic interpretation of calcification value as string.
-
InternalStructure
¶ Semantic interpretation of internalStructure value as string.
-
Lobulation
¶ Semantic interpretation of lobulation value as string.
-
Malignancy
¶ Semantic interpretation of malignancy value as string.
-
Margin
¶ Semantic interpretation of margin value as string.
-
Sphericity
¶ Semantic interpretation of sphericity value as string.
-
Spiculation
¶ Semantic interpretation of spiculation value as string.
-
Subtlety
¶ Semantic interpretation of subtlety value as string.
-
Texture
¶ Semantic interpretation of texture value as string.
-
bbox
(pad=None)[source]¶ Returns a tuple of Python slice objects that can be used to index into the image volume corresponding to the extent of the (padded) bounding box.
Parameters: pad (int, list of ints, or float, default=None) – - If None (default), then no padding is used.
- If an integer is provided, then the bounding box is padded uniformly by this integer amount.
- If a list of integers is provided, then it is of the form:
[(i1,i2), (j1,j2), (k1,k2)]
and indicates the pad amounts along each coordinate axis.
- If a float is provided, then the slices are padded such that the bounding box occupies at least pad physical units (using the corresponding scan pixel_spacing and slice_spacing parameters). This means the returned Slice indices will yield a bounding box that is at least pad millimeters along each coordinate axis direction.
Note
In the various pad cases above, borders are handled so that if a pad beyond the image borders is requested, then it is set to the maximum (or minimum, depending on the direction) possible index.
Returns: bb – bb is the corresponding bounding box (with desired padding) in the CT image volume. bb[i] is a slice corresponding to the the extent of the bounding box along the coordinate axis i. Return type: 3-tuple of Python slice objects. Example
The example below illustrates the various pad argument types:
import pylidc as pl ann = pl.query(pl.Annotation).first() vol = ann.scan.to_volume() print ann.bbox() # => (slice(151, 185, None), slice(349, 376, None), slice(44, 50, None)) print(vol[ann.bbox()].shape) # => (34, 27, 6) print(vol[ann.bbox(pad=2)].shape) # => (38, 31, 10) print(vol[ann.bbox(pad=[(1,2), (3,0), (2,4)])].shape) # => (37, 30, 12) print(max(ann.bbox_dims())) # => 21.45 print(vol[ann.bbox(pad=30.0)].shape) # => (48, 49, 12) print(ann.bbox_dims(pad=30.0)) # => [30.55, 31.200000000000003, 33.0]
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bbox_dims
(pad=None)[source]¶ Return the physical dimensions of the nodule bounding box in millimeters along each coordinate axis.
Parameters: pad (int, list, or float, default=None) – See pylidc.Annotation.bbox()
for a description of this argument.Returns: dims – dims[i] is the length in millimeters of the bounding box along the coordinate axis i. Return type: ndarray, shape=(3,) Example
An example where we compare the bounding box volume vs the nodule volume:
import pylidc as pl ann = pl.query(pl.Annotation).first() print("%.2f mm^3, %.2f mm^3" % (ann.volume, np.prod(ann.bbox_dims()))) # => 2439.30 mm^3, 5437.58 mm^3
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bbox_matrix
(pad=None)[source]¶ The bbox function returns a tuple of slices to be used to index into an image volume. On the other hand, bbox_array returns a 3x2 matrix where each row is the (start, stop) indices of the i, j, and k axes.
Parameters: pad (int, list, or float) – See pylidc.Annotation.bbox()
for a description of this argument.Note
The indices return by bbox_array are inclusive, whereas the indices of the slice objects in the tuple return by bbox are offset by +1 in the “stop” index.
Returns: bb_mat – bb_mat[i] is the stop and start indices (inclusive) of the bounding box along coordinate axis i. Return type: ndarray, shape=(3,2) Example
An example of the difference between bbox and bbox_matrix:
import pylidc as pl ann = pl.query(pl.Annotation).first() bb = ann.bbox() bm = ann.bbox_matrix() print(all([bm[i,0] == bb[i].start for i in range(3)])) # => True print(all([bm[i,1]+1 == bb[i].stop for i in range(3)])) # => True
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boolean_mask
(pad=None, bbox=None)[source]¶ A boolean volume where 1 indicates nodule and 0 indicates non-nodule. The mask volume covers the extent of the voxels in the image volume given by annotation.bbox, i.e., the mask volume would be placed in the full image volume according to the bbox attribute.
Parameters: - pad (int, list, or float, default=None) – See
pylidc.Annotation.bbox()
for a description of this argument. - bbox (3x2 NumPy array, default=None) – If bbox is provided, then pad is ignored. This argument allows for more fine-tuned control of placement of the mask in a volume, or for pre-computation of bbox when working with multiple Annotation object.
Example
An example:
import pylidc as pl import matplotlib.pyplot as plt ann = pl.query(pl.Annotation).first() vol = ann.scan.to_volume() mask = ann.boolean_mask() bbox = ann.bbox() print("Avg HU inside nodule: %.1f" % vol[bbox][mask].mean()) # => Avg HU inside nodule: -280.0 print("Avg HU outside nodule: %.1f" % vol[bbox][~mask].mean()) # => Avg HU outside nodule: -732.2
- pad (int, list, or float, default=None) – See
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centroid
¶ The center of mass of the nodule as determined by its radiologist-drawn contours.
Example
An example of plotting the centroid on a CT image slice:
import pylidc as pl import matplotlib.pyplot as plt ann = pl.query(pl.Annotation).first() i,j,k = ann.centroid vol = ann.scan.to_volume() plt.imshow(vol[:,:,int(k)], cmap=plt.cm.gray) plt.plot(j, i, '.r', label="Nodule centroid") plt.legend() plt.show()
Returns: centr – centr[i] is the average index value of all contour index values for coordinate axis i. Return type: ndarray, shape=(3,)
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contour_slice_indices
¶ Returns an array of indices into the scan where each contour belongs. An example should clarify:
import pylidc as pl ann = pl.query(pl.Annotation) zvals = ann.contour_slice_zvals kvals = ann.contour_slice_indices scan_zvals = ann.scan.slice_zvals for k,z in zip(kvals, zvals): # the two z values should the same (up to machine precision) print(k, z, scan_zvals[k])
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contour_slice_zvals
¶ An array of unique z-coordinates for the contours.
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contours_matrix
¶ All the contour index values a 3D numpy array.
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diameter
¶ Estimate the greatest axial plane diameter using the annotation’s contours. This estimation does not currently account for cases where the diamter passes outside the boundary of the nodule, or through cavities within the nodule.
Returns: diam – The maximal diameter as float, accounting for the axial-plane resolution of the scan. The units are mm. Return type: float
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feature_vals
(return_str=False)[source]¶ Return all feature values as a numpy array in the order presented in feature_names.
Parameters: return_str (bool, default=False) – If True, a list of strings is also returned, corresponding to the meaning of each numerical feature value. Returns: fvals[, fstrs] – fvals is an array of numerical values corresponding to the numerical feature values for the annotation. fstrs is a list of semantic string interpretations of the numerical values given in fvals. Return type: array[, list of strings]
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surface_area
¶ Estimate the surface area by summing the areas of a trianglation of the nodules surface in 3d. Returned units are mm^2.
Returns: sa – The estimated surface area in squared millimeters. Return type: float
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uniform_cubic_resample
(side_length=None, resample_vol=True, irp_pts=None, return_irp_pts=False, resample_img=True, verbose=True)[source]¶ Get the CT value volume and respective boolean mask volume. The volumes are interpolated and resampled to have uniform spacing of 1mm along each dimension. The resulting volumes are cubic of the specified side_length. Thus, the returned volumes have dimensions, (side_length+1,)*3 (since side_length is the spacing).
Todo
It would be nice if this function performed fully general interpolation, i.e., not necessarily uniform spacing and allowing different resample-resolutions along different coordinate axes.
Parameters: - side_length (integer, default=None) –
The physical length of each side of the new cubic volume in millimeters. The default, None, takes the max of the nodule’s bounding box dimensions.
If this parameter is not None, then it should be greater than any bounding box dimension. If the specified side_length requires a padding which results in an out-of-bounds image index, then the image is padded with the minimum CT image value.
- resample_vol (boolean, default=True) – If False, only the segmentation volume is resampled.
- irp_pts (3-tuple from meshgrid) – If provided, the volume(s) will be resampled over these interpolation points, rather than the automatically calculated points. This allows for sampling segmentation volumes over a common coordinate-system.
- return_irp_pts (boolean, default=False) – If True, the interpolation points (ix,iy,iz) at which the volume(s) were resampled are returned. These can potentially be provided as an argument to irp_pts for separate selfotations that refer to the same nodule, allowing the segmentation volumes to be resampled in a common coordinate-system.
- verbose (boolean, default=True) – Turn the loading statement on / off.
Returns: [ct_volume,] mask [, irp_pts] – ct_volume and mask are the resampled CT and boolean volumes, respectively. ct_volume and irp_points are optionally returned, depending on which flags are set (see above).
Return type: ndarray, ndarray, list of ndarrays
Example
An example:
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import pylidc as pl ann = pl.query(pl.Annotation).first() # resampled volumes will have uniform side length of 70mm and # uniform voxel spacing of 1mm. n = 70 vol,mask = ann.uniform_cubic_resample(n) # Setup the plot. img = plt.imshow(np.zeros((n+1, n+1)), vmin=vol.min(), vmax=vol.max(), cmap=plt.cm.gray) # View all the resampled image volume slices. for i in range(n+1): img.set_data(vol[:,:,i] * (mask[:,:,i]*0.6+0.2)) plt.title("%02d / %02d" % (i+1, n)) plt.pause(0.1)
- side_length (integer, default=None) –
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visualize_in_3d
(edgecolor='0.2', cmap='viridis', step=1, figsize=(5, 5), backend='matplotlib')[source]¶ Visualize in 3d a triangulation of the nodule’s surface.
Parameters: - edgecolor (string color or rgb 3-tuple) – Sets edgecolors of triangulation. Ignored if backend != matplotlib.
- cmap (matplotlib colormap string.) – Sets the facecolors of the triangulation. See matplotlib.cm.cmap_d.keys() for all available. Ignored if backend != matplotlib.
- step (int, default=1) – The step_size parameter for the skimage marching_cubes function. Bigger values are quicker, but yield coarser surfaces.
- figsize (tuple, default=(5,5)) – Figure size for the displayed volume.
- backend (string) – The backend for visualization. Default is matplotlib. Execute from pylidc.Annotation import viz3dbackends to see available backends.
Example
A short example:
ann = pl.query(pl.Annotation).first() ann.visualize_in_3d(edgecolor='green', cmap='autumn')
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visualize_in_scan
(verbose=True)[source]¶ Engage an interactive visualization of the slices of the scan along with scan and annotation information.
The visualization begins (but is not limited to) the first slice where the nodule occurs (according to the annotation). Annotation contours are plotted on top of the images for visualization and can be toggled on and off, using an interactive check mark utility.
Parameters: verbose (bool, default=True) – Turn the image loading statement on/off.
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volume
¶ Estimate the volume of the annotated nodule, using the contour annotations. Green’s theorem (via the shoelace formula) is first used to measure the area in each slice. This area is multiplied by the distance between slices to obtain a volume for each slice, which is then added or subtracted from the total volume, depending on if the inclusion value for the contour.
The distance between slices is taken to be the distance from the midpoint between the current image_z_position and the image_z_position in one slice higher plus the midpoint between the current image_z_position and the image_z_position of one slice below. If the the image_z_position corresponds to an end piece, we use the distance between the current image_z_posiition and the image_z_position of one slice below or above for top or bottom, respectively. If the annotation only has one contour, we use the slice_thickness attribute of the scan.
Returns: vol – The estimated 3D volume of the annotated nodule. Units are cubic millimeters. Return type: float
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