Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSetMinusOne Class Reference
Size sets with one element discarded. More...
#include <bin-packing.hh>
Public Member Functions | |
| SizeSetMinusOne (void) | |
| Default constructor. | |
| SizeSetMinusOne (Region ®ion, int n) | |
| Initialize for at most n_max entries. | |
| void | minus (int s) |
| Discard size s. | |
| int | card (void) const |
| Return cardinality of set (number of entries). | |
| int | total (void) const |
| Return total size. | |
| int | operator[] (int i) const |
| Return size of item i. | |
Protected Attributes | |
| int | p |
| Position of discarded item. |
Detailed Description
Size sets with one element discarded.
Definition at line 111 of file bin-packing.hh.
Constructor & Destructor Documentation
| Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSetMinusOne::SizeSetMinusOne | ( | void | ) | [inline] |
Default constructor.
Definition at line 119 of file propagate.hpp.
| Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSetMinusOne::SizeSetMinusOne | ( | Region & | region, | |
| int | n | |||
| ) | [inline] |
Initialize for at most
n_max entries.
Definition at line 121 of file propagate.hpp.
Member Function Documentation
| void Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSetMinusOne::minus | ( | int | s | ) | [inline] |
Discard size s.
Definition at line 124 of file propagate.hpp.
| int Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSetMinusOne::card | ( | void | ) | const [inline] |
Return cardinality of set (number of entries).
Reimplemented from Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSet.
Definition at line 132 of file propagate.hpp.
| int Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSetMinusOne::total | ( | void | ) | const [inline] |
Return total size.
Reimplemented from Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSet.
Definition at line 137 of file propagate.hpp.
| int Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSetMinusOne::operator[] | ( | int | i | ) | const [inline] |
Return size of item i.
Reimplemented from Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSet.
Definition at line 142 of file propagate.hpp.
Member Data Documentation
int Gecode::Int::BinPacking::SizeSetMinusOne::p [protected] |
Position of discarded item.
Definition at line 114 of file bin-packing.hh.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:
- gecode/int/bin-packing.hh (Revision: 11468)
- gecode/int/bin-packing/propagate.hpp (Revision: 11448)


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public class Robot extends java.lang.Object implements RobotInterface
This class is used to show a robot inside a window. If no RobotWindow exists when instantiating a Robot, a window is created and the Robot placed inside the window. If a RobotWindow already exists, the new Robot is placed inside the existing RobotWindow.
A Robot is controlled by calling its move(int)
, turn(double)
,
microMove(int)
, and microTurn(int)
methods. These methods
should be called from the same thread, which is typically the main thread,
but different Robots may be controlled from different threads, thereby
allowing the Robots to move simultaneously.
A Robot also has state, e.g., visible or hidden, pen size, pen up or down, etc. This state may be modified by calling the respective setter methods.
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
static class |
Robot.Pos |
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
Robot() |
Robot(java.awt.image.BufferedImage robotImage)
Instantiates a new Robot at the center of the RobotWindow.
|
Robot(java.awt.image.BufferedImage inputImage,
int xPos,
int yPos) |
Robot(int xPos,
int yPos)
Instantiates a new default Robot at the position provided.
|
Robot(java.lang.String fileName)
Instantiates a new Robot whose image is specified by the filename at the
center of the RobotWindow.
|
Robot(java.lang.String fileName,
int xPos,
int yPos) |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
addKeyboardAdapter(KeyboardAdapter adapter)
Adds a
KeyboardAdapter to the robot. |
void |
changeRobot(java.awt.image.BufferedImage im)
Changes the image of the Robot
|
void |
changeRobot(java.lang.String urlName)
Changes the image of the Robot
|
void |
clearDrawables()
Removes all lines drawn by this Robot.
|
void |
cubicTo(float x1,
float y1,
float x2,
float y2,
float x3,
float y3,
boolean relative)
Move the robot along a cubic curve given by the robot's current position
and the control points (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3).
|
void |
expand()
Makes the image of the Robot big
|
void |
followPath(java.awt.geom.PathIterator pathIterator)
Move the robot along a path.
|
double |
getAngle()
Gets the robot's angle of orientation in degrees.
|
double |
getAngleToTurn(double targetAngle) |
java.awt.Color |
getPenColor() |
int |
getPenWidth() |
float |
getX() |
float |
getY() |
void |
hide()
Make the Robot invisible.
|
void |
lineTo(float x,
float y,
boolean relative)
Move the robot forward to a given position.
|
void |
microMove(int sgn)
Makes the Robot move one step.
|
void |
microTurn(int sgn)
Makes the Robot turn in place a small angle.
|
void |
miniaturize()
Makes the image of the Robot small
|
void |
move(int distance)
Makes the robot move a given distance.
|
void |
moveTo(float x,
float y)
Deprecated.
|
void |
moveTo(float x,
float y,
boolean relative,
boolean jump)
Move the Robot to a given position.
|
void |
penDown()
Set the pen down, i.e., the Robot traces its movements with lines or curves.
|
void |
penUp()
Lifts the pen, i.e., the Robot stops drawing lines or curves.
|
void |
quadTo(float x1,
float y1,
float x2,
float y2,
boolean relative)
Move the robot along a quadratic curve given by the robot's current position
and the control points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2).
|
void |
setAngle(double a)
Set the robot's angle of orientation.
|
void |
setPenColor(java.awt.Color color)
Sets the pen color
|
void |
setPenColor(int r,
int g,
int b)
Sets the pen color given the red, green and blue components of the new
color.
|
void |
setPenWidth(int size)
Sets the pen size.
|
void |
setPos(float x,
float y)
Set the position of the robot to (x, y) while maintaining its direction.
|
void |
setRandomPenColor()
Sets the pen color to a random color.
|
void |
setSpeed(int speed)
Sets the speed of the Robot.
|
static void |
setWindowColor(java.awt.Color color)
Sets the window's background color
|
static void |
setWindowColor(int r,
int g,
int b)
Sets the window's background color given the red, green and blue
components of the new color.
|
static void |
setWindowImage(java.lang.String imageLocation)
Sets the window's background image
|
static void |
setWindowSize(int width,
int height)
Sets the window size
|
void |
show()
Makes the Robot visible
|
void |
sleep(int millis)
Waits a given number of milliseconds.
|
void |
sparkle()
Makes the Robot sparkle.
|
void |
turn(double degrees)
Makes the Robot turn in place a given number of degrees.
|
void |
unSparkle()
Removes sparkles
|
public Robot()
public Robot(int xPos, int yPos)
xPos
- the x-coordinate of the Robot's centeryPos
- the y-coordinate of the Robot's centerpublic Robot(java.lang.String fileName)
fileName
- The file name without extension of a file in robi format that
specifies the Robot's image.public Robot(java.awt.image.BufferedImage robotImage)
robotImage
- a BufferedImage containing the robot image. It does not need
to be to scale since it will be scaled to the appropriate
size.public Robot(java.lang.String fileName, int xPos, int yPos)
fileName
- the name of the file containing the Robot image, without the
".robi" extension.xPos
- the initial x-coordinate of the robotyPos
- the initial y-coordinate of the robotpublic Robot(java.awt.image.BufferedImage inputImage, int xPos, int yPos)
inputImage
- a BufferedImage containing the robot image. It does not need
to be to scale since it will be scaled to the appropriate
size.xPos
- the initial x-coordinate of the robotyPos
- the initial y-coordinate of the robotpublic static void setWindowColor(java.awt.Color color)
color
- the new window background color.public static void setWindowImage(java.lang.String imageLocation)
imageLocation
- the new window background image location.public static void setWindowSize(int width, int height)
width
- the width of the windowheight
- the height of the windowpublic static void setWindowColor(int r, int g, int b)
r
- the red component of the new colorg
- the green component of the new colorb
- the blue component of the new colorpublic void changeRobot(java.awt.image.BufferedImage im)
RobotInterface
changeRobot
in interface RobotInterface
im
- a BufferedImage containing the robot image. It does not need
to be to scale since it will be scaled to the appropriate
size.public void changeRobot(java.lang.String urlName)
RobotInterface
changeRobot
in interface RobotInterface
urlName
- The URL of the image that specifies the Robot's image.public int getPenWidth()
getPenWidth
in interface RobotInterface
public void setPenWidth(int size)
RobotInterface
setPenWidth
in interface RobotInterface
size
- the new pen size given as an integer between 1 and 10.public java.awt.Color getPenColor()
getPenColor
in interface RobotInterface
public void setPenColor(java.awt.Color color)
RobotInterface
setPenColor
in interface RobotInterface
color
- the new pen colorpublic void setPenColor(int r, int g, int b)
RobotInterface
setPenColor
in interface RobotInterface
r
- the red component of the new colorg
- the green component of the new colorb
- the blue component of the new colorpublic void setRandomPenColor()
RobotInterface
setRandomPenColor
in interface RobotInterface
public void clearDrawables()
RobotInterface
clearDrawables
in interface RobotInterface
public void miniaturize()
RobotInterface
miniaturize
in interface RobotInterface
public void expand()
RobotInterface
expand
in interface RobotInterface
public void setPos(float x, float y)
RobotInterface
setPos
in interface RobotInterface
x
- the x-coordinate of the new positiony
- the y-coordinate of the new positionpublic double getAngle()
RobotInterface
getAngle
in interface RobotInterface
public void setAngle(double a)
RobotInterface
setAngle
in interface RobotInterface
a
- the angle in radiansRobotInterface.getAngle()
public void sparkle()
RobotInterface
sparkle
in interface RobotInterface
public void unSparkle()
RobotInterface
unSparkle
in interface RobotInterface
public void hide()
RobotInterface
hide
in interface RobotInterface
public void show()
RobotInterface
show
in interface RobotInterface
public void move(int distance)
RobotInterface
move
in interface RobotInterface
distance
- the distance to move in units of pointspublic void microMove(int sgn) throws java.lang.InterruptedException
RobotInterface
microMove
in interface RobotInterface
sgn
- if positive the Robot moves forward, if negative the Robot
moves backwards.java.lang.InterruptedException
- if interrupted before making the turn (which is very unlikely
to happen).public void turn(double degrees)
RobotInterface
turn
in interface RobotInterface
degrees
- The number of degrees to turn.public void microTurn(int sgn) throws java.lang.InterruptedException
RobotInterface
microTurn
in interface RobotInterface
sgn
- The sign of the direction to turn.java.lang.InterruptedException
- if interrupted before making the turn (which is very unlikely
to happen).public void sleep(int millis)
RobotInterface
sleep
in interface RobotInterface
millis
- the number of milliseconds to wait@Deprecated public void moveTo(float x, float y)
RobotInterface
moveTo
in interface RobotInterface
x
- the x-coordinatey
- the y-coordinatepublic void moveTo(float x, float y, boolean relative, boolean jump)
RobotInterface
jump
is true,
if necessary, turn the robot first such that it is heading in the right
direction before moving the robot.moveTo
in interface RobotInterface
x
- the x-coordinate of the new positiony
- the y-coordinate of the new positionrelative
- if true, x and y a relative to the robot's current positionjump
- if true, place robot directly at the new position. Otherwise,
move the robot to the new position at the speed of the robot.public void lineTo(float x, float y, boolean relative)
RobotInterface
lineTo
in interface RobotInterface
x
- the x-coordinate of the robot's destinationy
- the y-coordinate of the robot's destinationrelative
- if true, x and y are given relative to the robot's current
positionpublic void quadTo(float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2, boolean relative)
RobotInterface
quadTo
in interface RobotInterface
x1
- the x-coordinate of the first control pointy1
- the y-coordinate of the first control pointx2
- the x-coordinate of the second control pointy2
- the y-coordinate of the second control pointrelative
- if true, the coordinates are give relative to the robot's
current positionpublic void cubicTo(float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2, float x3, float y3, boolean relative)
RobotInterface
cubicTo
in interface RobotInterface
x1
- the x-coordinate of the first control pointy1
- the y-coordinate of the first control pointx2
- the x-coordinate of the second control pointy2
- the y-coordinate of the second control pointx3
- the x-coordinate of the third control pointy3
- the y-coordinate of the third control pointrelative
- if true, the coordinates are give relative to the robot's
current positionpublic void followPath(java.awt.geom.PathIterator pathIterator)
RobotInterface
followPath
in interface RobotInterface
pathIterator
- a PathIterator specifying the pathpublic double getAngleToTurn(double targetAngle)
public float getX()
getX
in interface RobotInterface
public float getY()
getY
in interface RobotInterface
public void penUp()
RobotInterface
penUp
in interface RobotInterface
public void penDown()
RobotInterface
penDown
in interface RobotInterface
public void setSpeed(int speed)
RobotInterface
setSpeed
in interface RobotInterface
speed
- the speed specified as a number between 1 and 100.public void addKeyboardAdapter(KeyboardAdapter adapter)
RobotInterface
KeyboardAdapter
to the robot. It is possible to add more
than one KeyboardAdapter, each controlling a different Robot. If two
KeyboardAdapters controlling the same Robot are added, the last one added
replaces the first.addKeyboardAdapter
in interface RobotInterface
adapter
- the KeyboardAdapterKeyboardAdapter


My Projects
Shameless self-promotion is truly an under-appreciated form of art.
Ongoing: Task Consolidation using metaheuristic approach in Cloud computing Java
Done: Campus Navigation using shortest path Algorithms between Two Points
Ongoing: Uttrakhand Youth Festival 2020 Website
Done: Communication Application Using Node.js
Done: WebMaps using Python and Folium
Done: Bugymania 2019/2020
Done: MTC Official Website (19-20/20-21)
Done: MTA Exam Registration Portal
Done: IndeCampus Hostel Website
Ongoing: Blood Donation Application
Ongoing: WebCam Motion Detector Python
Done: GeoCoder Web Server - Python
Ongoing: Desktop Database Application - Python
Done: Ludo C++
Done: KBC Quiz C++
many more to come soon....
Done: Campus Navigation using shortest path Algorithms between Two Points
Ongoing: Uttrakhand Youth Festival 2020 Website
Done: Communication Application Using Node.js
Done: WebMaps using Python and Folium
Done: Bugymania 2019/2020
Done: MTC Official Website (19-20/20-21)
Done: MTA Exam Registration Portal
Done: IndeCampus Hostel Website
Ongoing: Blood Donation Application
Ongoing: WebCam Motion Detector Python
Done: GeoCoder Web Server - Python
Ongoing: Desktop Database Application - Python
Done: Ludo C++
Done: KBC Quiz C++
many more to come soon....


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Dunkirk evacuation, (1940) in World War II, the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) and other Allied troops from the French seaport of Dunkirk (Dunkerque) to England. Naval vessels and hundreds of civilian boats were used in the evacuation, which began on May 26.
Written by the critically-acclaimed screenwriter, Russell Lewis, this adaptation of the bestseller by Peter James stars John Simm. Following the Brighton-based Detective Roy Grace who has hit rock-bottom in his life. His wife Sandy disappeared 6 years ago and he spends all his time investigating cold cases. Meanwhile, his different ways of working are being questioned by his bosses, risking his job. Things change when his colleague Detective Glenn Branson asks for his help on a difficult case.


The executive is the one on the left.
The standard timescale used by most nations of the world is Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), which is based on the Earth's rotation about its axis, and the Gregorian Calendar, which is based on the Earth's rotation about the Sun. The UTC timescale is disciplined with respect to International Atomic Time (TAI) by inserting leap seconds at intervals of about 18 months. UTC time is disseminated by various means, including radio and satellite navigation systems, telephone modems and portable clocks.
Special purpose receivers are available for many time-dissemination services, including the Global Position System (GPS) and other services operated by various national governments. For reasons of cost and convenience, it is not possible to equip every computer with one of these receivers. However, it is possible to equip some number of computers acting as primary time servers to synchronize a much larger number of secondary servers and clients connected by a common network. In order to do this, a distributed network clock synchronization protocol is required which can read a server clock, transmit the reading to one or more clients and adjust each client clock as required. Protocols that do this include the Network Time Protocol (NTP), Digital Time Synchronization Protocol (DTSS) and others found in the literature (See "Further Reading" at the end of this article.)
The synchronization protocol determines the time offset of the server clock relative to the client clock. The various synchronization protocols in use today provide different means to do this, but they all follow the same general model. On request, the server sends a message including its current clock value or timestamp and the client records its own timestamp upon arrival of the message. For the best accuracy, the client needs to measure the server-client propagation delay to determine its clock offset relative to the server. Since it is not possible to determine the one-way delays, unless the actual clock offset is known, the protocol measures the total roundtrip delay and assumes the propagation times are statistically equal in each direction. In general, this is a useful approximation; however, in the Internet of today, network paths and the associated delays can differ significantly due to the individual service providers.
The community served by the synchronization protocol can be very large. For instance, the NTP community in the Internet of 1998 includes over 230 primary time servers, synchronized by radio, satellite and modem, and well over 100,000 secondary servers and clients. In addition, there are many thousands of private communities in large government, corporate and institution networks. Each community is organized as a tree graph or subnet, with the primary servers at the root and secondary servers and clients at increasing hop count, or stratum level, in corporate, department and desktop networks. It is usually necessary at each stratum level to employ redundant servers and diverse network paths in order to protect against broken software, hardware and network links.
Synchronization protocols work in one or more association modes, depending on the protocol design. Client/server mode, also called master/slave mode, is supported in both DTSS and NTP. In this mode, a client synchronizes to a stateless server as in the conventional RPC model. NTP also supports symmetric mode, which allows either of two peer servers to synchronize to the other, in order to provide mutual backup. DTSS and NTP support a broadcast mode which allows many clients to synchronize to one or a few servers, reducing network traffic when large numbers of clients are involved. In NTP, IP multicast can be used when the subnet spans multiple networks.
Configuration management can be a serious problem in large subnets. Various schemes which index public databases and network directory services are used in DTSS and NTP to discover servers. Both protocols use broadcast modes to support large client populations; but, since listen-only clients cannot calibrate the delay, accuracy can suffer. In NTP, clients determine the delay at the time a server is first discovered by polling the server in client/server mode and then reverting to listen-only mode. In addition, NTP clients can broadcast a special "manycast" message to solicit responses from nearby servers and continue in client/server mode with the respondents.
Clock errors are due to variations in network delay and latencies in computer hardware and software (jitter), as well as clock oscillator instability (wander). The time of a client relative to its server can be expressed
where t is the current time, T is the time offset at the last measurement update t0, R is the frequency offset and D is the drift due to resonator ageing. All three terms include systematic offsets that can be corrected and random variations that cannot. Some protocols, including DTSS, estimate only the first term in this expression, while others, including NTP, estimate the first two terms. Errors due to the third term, while important to model resonator aging in precision applications, are neglected, since they are usually dominated by errors in the first two terms.
The synchronization protocol estimates T(t0) (and R(t0), where relevant) at regular intervals t and adjusts the clock to minimize T(t) in future. In common cases, R can have systematic offsets of several hundred parts-per-million (PPM) with random variations of several PPM due to ambient temperature changes. If not corrected, the resulting errors can accumulate to seconds per day. In order that these errors do not exceed a nominal specification, the protocol must periodically re-estimate T and R and compensate for variations by adjusting the clock at regular intervals. As a practical matter, for nominal accuracies of tens of milliseconds, this requires clients to exchange messages with servers at intervals in the order of tens of minutes.
Analysis of quartz-resonator stabilized oscillators show that errors are a function of the averaging time, which in turn depends on the interval between corrections. At correction intervals less than a few hundred seconds, errors are dominated by jitter, while, at intervals greater than this, errors are dominated by wander. As explained later, the characteristics of each regime determine the algorithm used to discipline the clock. These errors accumulate at each stratum level from the root to the leaves of the subnet tree. It is possible to quantify these errors by statistical means, as in NTP. This allows real-time applications to adjust audio or video playout delay, for example. However, the required statistics may be different for various classes of applications. Some applications need absolute error bounds guaranteed never to exceeded, as provided by the following correctness principles.
Applications requiring reliable time synchronization such as air traffic control must have confidence that the local clock is correct within some bound relative to a given timescale such as UTC. There is a considerable body of literature that studies these issues with respect to various failure models such as fail-stop and Byzantine disagreement. While these models inspire much confidence in a theoretical setting, most require multiple message rounds for each measurement and would be impractical in a large computer network such as the Internet. However, it can be shown that the worst-case error in reading a remote server clock cannot exceed one-half the roundtrip delay measured by the client. This is a valuable insight, since it permits strong statements about the correctness of the timekeeping system.
In the Probabilistic Clock Synchronization (PCS) scheme devised by Cristian, a maximum error tolerance is established in advance and time value samples associated with roundtrip delays that exceed twice this value are discarded. By the above argument, the remaining samples must represent time values within the specified tolerance. As the tolerance is decreased, more samples fail the test until a point where no samples survive. The tolerance can be adjusted for the best compromise between the highest accuracy consistent with acceptable sample survival rate.
In a scheme devised by Marzullo and exploited in NTP and DTSS, the worst-case error determined for each server determines a correctness interval. If each of a number of servers are in fact synchronized to a common timescale, the actual time must be contained in the intersection of their correctness intervals. If some intervals do not intersect, then the clique containing the maximum number of intersections is assumed correct truechimers and the others assumed incorrect falsetickers. Only the truechimers are used to adjust the system clock.
The same principle could be used when selecting the best subset of servers and combining their offsets to determine the clock adjustment. However, different servers often show different systematic offsets, so the best statistic for the central tendency of the server population may not be obvious. Various kinds of clustering algorithms have been found useful for this purpose. The one used in NTP sorts the offsets by a quality metric, then calculates the variance of all servers relative to each server separately. The algorithm repeatedly discards the outlyer with the largest variance until further discards will not improve the residual variance or until a minimum number of servers remain. The final clock adjustment is computed as a weighted average of the survivors.
At the heart of the synchronization protocol is the algorithm used to adjust the system clock in accordance with the final adjustment determined by the above algorithms. This is called the clock discipline algorithm or simply the discipline. Such algorithms can be classed according to whether they minimize the time offset or frequency offset or both. For instance, the discipline used in DTSS minimizes only the time offset, while the one used in NTP minimizes both time and frequency offsets. While the DTSS algorithm cannot remove residual errors due to systematic frequency errors, the NTP algorithm is more complicated and less forgiving of design and implementation mistakes.
All clock disciplines function as a feedback loop, with measured offsets used to adjust the clock oscillator phase and frequency to match the external synchronization source. The behavior of feedback loops is well understood and modelled by mathematical analysis. The significant design parameter is the time constant, or responsiveness to external or internal variations in time or frequency. Optimum selection of time constant depends on the interval between update messages. In general, the longer these intervals, the larger the time constant and vice versa. In practice and with typical network configurations the optimal poll intervals vary between one and twenty minutes for network paths to some thousands of minutes for modem paths.


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COURAGE UNDER FIRE A film review by Viboon Copyright 1996 Viboon
This 1996 film is directed by Edward Zwick (Legends of the Fall), stars Denzel Washington (Crimson Tide), Meg Ryan (When a Man Loves a Woman) and Lou Diamond Phillips (Labamba). It has a running time of 155 minutes. There are some explosive combat violence and some foul language, but no nudity, gore nor sex.
Courage Under Fire is the first big-budget Hollywood movie about the Gulf War. An Army Lieutenant Colonel, Nat Serling (Denzel Washington), ordered his men to fire at a seemingly enemy tank in the confusion of a night battle. However, it turned out that the tank was one of their own and he had indirectly killed his close friend. Pardoned, but ridden with guilt and disillusioned, Serling was re-assigned to the Pentagon to investigate a candidate for the Medal of Honour -- Capt. Karen Walden (Meg Ryan), the first woman ever nominated for the award. It was reported that Walden had lead a helicopter rescue mission that saved many lives, but ultimately sacrificing her's. On paper, Walden certainly deserved the medal. However, as the investigation wore on, there were more questions than answers, and Serling became increasing confused by the testimony of the eyewitnesses. His search for the truth, both in his life and in Walden's death, was what the movie was about.
The film explored some sub-plots along the way. First was the self-destructive nature of Serling. After the friendly fire situation, he was no more the macho "kill 'em all" type. Instead, he became an alcoholic, had frequent nightmares and was unable to connect with his family -- the investigation was the only thing that kept him in one piece, will he ever recover? Then the movie also touched on the issue of women in combat, even with everything being equal, will they be treated so? Also surfaced was the relationship of Serling and his mentor, Gen. Hershberg (Michael Moriarty). The latter wanted the medal to be approved (under pressure from the White House) and the friendly fire incident forgotten, however Serling had different ideas. How will the conflict be resolved?
Courage Under Fire could be viewed as a courtroom movie without the courtroom. The investigation into Walden's last day made up most of the movie. And here lies the movie's greatest strength. Eyewitness accounts can be unreliable, but several somewhat bizarre accounts on the same event can provide much mystery. As Serling listened to the eyewitnesses, the audience were treated to the visuals of the story. Surprisingly, the movie did not feel repetitive at all. The writer had taken great care that the story flowed even during flashbacks, and the editing team made sure that the action was as tight the fourth time as it was the first time the story was told. And because of this, the movie kept the audience engaged. They had become the jury, listening to Walden's case, and Serling's character was the prosecutor examining the witnesses.
As an added bonus, the main characters were also portrayed well by the main stars. Denzel Washington was fine as usual as the hero. Meg Ryan managed to shed more of her cute image and showed the different sides of Walden, as described by the witnesses. Lesser characters were also adequately believable.
However, Courage Under Fire was not without its flaws. The movie tried to tackle many issues at once, resulting in some sub-plots (mentioned above) being under-developed, or resolved too easily. An example would be Serling's character. His role in the movie was at times overshadowed by Walden's, even though he should be the person at the centre of our focus. The movie ended too conveniently when the investigation ended. When all is said and done, Courage Under Fire is still worth the $7, it kept the audience engaged for most of the film, questioning the fate of Walden. It also flowed easily, with no major plot hiccups. On the scale of army drama, it is not A Few Good Men of 1996. But it certainly packed more drama than the recently shown A Time To Kill.
Recommended.
Reviewed on 10 November 1996 - by Viboon.
----------------------------------- PS. This is my maiden review. Please forward all your comments to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Thank you for reading.
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This is a static html site where I am testing my git/GitHub skills from platzi course.
git initInitialize your project, you must be in the project directory to run this command
git init [file_name] Create a folder with provided name and initialize your project in your current directory
git statusCheck out the directory where your files are (working directory, staging area or git repository)
git add [file_name]Move one file from working directory to staging area
git add -AMove all the files from working directory to staging area
git add -n [file_name]Check if the file exists in the branch