Having this theoretical knowledge as a base ground, a set of metrics have already been developed to incorporate a wide range of complex behaviors and explore how these impact and be impacted by group structures.
Football is played between two opposing teams where players interact directly, indirectly and concurrently to achieve an objective that involves scoring goals while simultaneously preventing the opposition from scoring [10,11]. In this sense, football is composed of individuals who coordinate their movements and develop cooperative relations to outcompete their opponents [12]. Having this theoretical knowledge as a base ground, a set of metrics have already been developed to incorporate a wide range of complex behaviors and explore how these impact and be impacted by group structures. For instance, the teammates’ displacement synchronization, computed through the relative phase [11], have been used to assess the dynamic players’ interpersonal coordination [13,14]. Preliminary results have shown that, by being more synchronized in positioning with teammates, players decreased their physical and physiological responses during the game [13]. Also, advances in knowledge have been made through the increased variety of processing techniques to assess regularities between whole teams and between individual players with their team as a function of time [15,16]. Entropy computations have been used to identify if individuals’ positioning dynamics express a predictable pattern which may, in turn, provide insights about the local information sources that are being used in movement decisions [17].