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ebyteiot_com_es_products_ebyte-e200-900a17s-small-size-wholesale-long-range-2-4ghz-wireless-audio-tr
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4043
[Carrier frequency]： 863MHz～928MHz
[Transmission power]：17dBm
[Communication distance]： 300m
[Product weight]：2.1±0.1g
[Product size]：16*26mm
[Introduction]：E200-900A17S is a new wireless audio transmission module with integrated transceiver. It features small size and convenient use. It works in the (863-928MHz) band (default 863.275MHz), adopts hardware I/O to select channels, supports MIC input and speaker output, compatible with 3.3V and 5V power supply voltage.
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kamsat_co_uk_products_maas-x-30-n
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4865
- Home
- ANTENNAS
- MAAS X 30 N MAAS X 30 N
- Description
- Shipping & Returns
- Reviews
VHF / UHF Dual Band Base Antenna 2M / 70CM
- Frequency: 144 / 430 MHz
- Gain: VHF 3.0 dBi, UHF 5.5 dBi
- Max. power: 150 W
- Material: fiberglass, stainless steel
- Connection: N Type
- Length: 1.1m + 20cm mounting pole
- Supplied complete with U mast clamps for side mast mounting (30mm to max. 60 mm mast)
SHIPPING SERVICE
We aim to dispatch all parcels within 24h. We are normally able to dispatch parcels Same Day where orders are received before 12:00am Monday to Friday.
Whilst we try to ship Same Day, arrival time is not guaranteed. We do not process orders over the weekend, so orders placed on Friday afternoon will not usually ship until Monday.
You can choose your preferred shipment method at checkout. Please Note Surcharges May Apply for Highland, Isles, Northern Ireland, and Ireland.
Where you choose your preferred shipment method, we are normally be able to honour that shipment method. However, we reserve the right to change the shipment method to an equivalent shipping method.
RETURNS
Goods returned within 14 days of purchase date in original packaging will be refunded in full. We do not refund postage or carriage costs.
We are not responsible for any returned packages that are lost in transit.
All returns must be described in detail along with the customer's details and order number.
Satellite CB Radio Store Manchester
176 Cross Street
Sale
M33 7AQ
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www_oneday_press_tag_electromagnetic-waves_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4145
Radio refers to the transmission of electromagnetic waves, which are invisible to the naked eye, as signals. These electromagnetic waves can pass through the electromagnetic field in the atmosphere and in a vacuum. Frequency of the wave; It transports information ...
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lowredmoon_ch_2019_02_18_success_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.5339
After only a few hours research I’m confident I’ve found the best combination of radio and antenna to get around the poor longwave performance of modern multi-band analogue portables.
The only remaining question is why I spent the time on this when I’m not planning to buy either one.
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skiffcomputers_com_product_mi-router-4a-gigabit-edition-ac1200_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4543
Brand
Mi
Model
Mi 4A Gigabit Edition
Router Type
Wireless & Ethernet
LAN Network Standard
10/100/1000
WAN Network Standard
10/100/1000
Antenna (Type & Qty)
4 x 5dBi External antenna
Wi-Fi Generation
Wi-Fi 4
Band
Dual
Wi-Fi Coverage (Approximate)
Up to 2000 sq. ft.
No of Concurrent User
51-Above User
Mesh Technology
No
MIMO Technology
Yes
Color
White
Warranty Details
6 Months (Without Adapter) (Warranty must be claimed with original box & all accessories)
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.
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jrsglcanada_com_products_eap650-outdoor
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4391
- Superior WiFi 6 Speeds: Delivers dual band speeds of up to 3 Gbps powered by the latest WiFi 6 technology.1
- Higher Network Efficiency: Enjoy faster speeds on more devices with less lag with OFDMA and MU-MIMO.
- 160 MHz Bandwidth Channel: Double the data at peak transmission times on a single stream with HE160.2
- Long-Range Coverage: Dedicated high-power amplifier and professional antennas with an IP67 weatherproof enclosure.
- Omada Mesh Technology: Enables wireless connectivity between access points for extended range and flexible deployment.3
- Stay Smooth with Seamless Roaming: Users can enjoy seamless streaming across the property with their devices switching effortlessly between access points.3
- PoE Powered: : Supports both 802.3at PoE+ and Passive PoE (adapter included) power supply for flexible installation.
- Centralized Cloud Management: Omada SDN integration manages the whole network locally or from the cloud via web UI or the Omada app.3
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www_oneday_press_tech_809_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4224
Radio refers to the transmission of electromagnetic waves, which are invisible to the naked eye, as signals. These electromagnetic waves can pass through the electromagnetic field in the atmosphere and in a vacuum. Frequency of the wave; It transports information by systematically adjusting values such as Amplitude and Phase.
When these radio waves pass through a conductor, they cause an oscillation and create an alternating current inside the conductor. This current can be captured and converted into sound or other signals that carry information.
Electromagnetic waves and their experiments; Wireless communication and its technological development; The term “radio” has become more widely used in conjunction with significant developments, such as radio broadcasting and marketing efforts.
Many inventors; Engineers Additional upgrades; As more and more businesses acquired the advanced technology of this radio, the origins of radio science and who invented it have become controversial.
Scottish scientist James Clark Maxwell developed the basic theory to explain the concept of electromagnetism. He predicted that electromagnetic waves could be combined with two electromagnetic waves.
In 1888, German scientist Heinrich Hess recorded that the Sparkgap Transmitter could be used to generate and transmit radio waves at extremely high frequencies. In 1893, Nikola Tesla demonstrated the principles of wireless communication technology for the first time in the United States.
Tesla then patented the technology in the United States. At the time, the fact that Marconi sued the US government over the patent for its equipment during World War I was considered influential by Tesla. Physicists and inventors John Stones and Alexander Stanovitzpopa described Tesla as the pioneer of wireless communication.
In August 1894, Oliver Lodge, an English physicist, and author, began broadcasting radio signals at a meeting of the British Scientific Development Association at Oxford University. In 1895, the Italian inventor, Gat လီllie Momaconi, further upgraded the wireless communication system into a marketable system.
In 1896, the British Patent Office granted the world’s first wireless telegraph patent. Scholars and historians thanked Marconi. He and Carl Ferdinand Brown were awarded the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics for their contribution to the development of the wireless telegraph. In 1943, the United States Supreme Court overturned Marconi’s wireless telegraph patent and returned the patent to Nikola Tesla.
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www_sotabeams_co_uk_bandpass-filter-for-2m__setCurrencyId_2
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4018
Bandpass Filter for 2m
Designed and manufactured by SOTABEAMS, this neat bandpass filter is for use with handies (HT) in areas with multiple transmitters. In such areas, many HTs suffer from blocking. This is a ready-made unit - not a kit. Can be used either way round. Just connect between HT and antenna. Our filter is also perfect for use with SDR receivers which may suffer from blocking problems.
Detailed Specification
Filter power rating:
- FM/DATA 5 Watt max (30% duty cycle recommended, max continuous TX 90 seconds). 2 Watts continuous.
- SSB 5 Watts PEP max continuous.
Filter bandwidth 144 - 148 MHz
Attenuation:
- In-band typically < 3dB
- 433 MHz > 70dB
- 155 MHz approx. 25dB
- FM broadcast band >70dB
- Air band > 50 dB
Temperature range 0 - 50 Centigrade
Weight 25 grams
Filter supplied in a bespoke plastic case (nylon)
Case includes guides for cable ties
45 x 20 x 18 mm (case)
Connectors SMA-female both ends.
Bright colours to make them harder to leave behind.
Also available from our agent(s):
6 Reviews Hide Reviews Show Reviews
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SOTA activation using Sotabeams 2m Bandpass filter
I activated Bardon Hill G/CE-004 a couple of days ago, for those that do not know it, it is the highest point in Leicestershire and there is a small commercial mast located near the trig point which is absolutely festooned with all sorts of antennas which contribute to an immense amount of RF soup in the locality, which I have heard from other operators as being able to kill 2M signals. I was using an ICOM 51E+2, with an MRW210 HT antenna in conjunction with the sotabeams 2M bandpass filter. There was the odd pager breakthrough but otherwise, the filter seemed to be doing a good job. I worked stations all over the West Midlands and the best of the day was a station at a village called Windmill in Flintshire at a distance of 87 miles! Overall very pleased with the performance of the band pass filter :)
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Exceptional - Buy IT!
I live within a mile of Olivers Mount a 7KW FM and Freeview TV mast. I bought this filter to test a theory that the mast was dragging down 2m reception at my home QTH. I had previously tried activating the transmitter site as a HEMA summit but failed due to RX swamping causing me to hear nothing. I took delivery of the filter on Saturday. On Sunday I hooked up a Baofeng UV9R and tuned into the mast FM broadcast frequency 95.5. On WFM the signal could be received with a wet finger on the antenna socket it was so strong. I put the 9R onto a loft mounted slim Jim and the signal was so strong as to be breaking through several hundred KHZ adjacent. I then put the filter inline and tried again. There was nothing! Not even when tuned to 95.5 could I hear a single thing. I determine by experimentation that the rejection of broadcast FM is very very good. I think dialled up GB3RW a local repeater about 15 miles away. This repeater is usually scratchy at my QTH despite being able to open it. With the filter inline the RX from the repeater was a full 2 S points up and now breaks my squelch! Although I got the filter for SOTA I can see it becoming a permanent addition to the shack setup to. Wonderful, well made and works!
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2m Bandpass Filter
Bought this for my handies, a couple of cheap Baofengs and a Yaesu FT-25. It screws straight on to the handie antenna socket and then an adapter (male to male) is required to refit the rubber duck. No sweat. Fits easily, is unobtrusive and works well. Recommended.
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Bandpass Filter for 2M
Wow! The new SOTABeams 2m filter is awesome! Tested it on Squawk Mountain today. This local peak is covered in communications towers. Previous Activations have been so frustrating! I realized Chasers could hear me, but I couldn't hear them! With the squelch open, S-8 noise without the Bandpass filter, and completely eliminated the noise with the filter installed. Well worth $60. Having it made the Activation so much more fun and way less frustrating!
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Amazing Filter
This filter is amazing. I'd give it 10 out of 5 if I could. I just activated W7W/KG-116. It has several large FM broadcast towers. The whole area is RF soup. During my previous activation of this summit I struggled to to make the four contacts. Only close-in high-power stations were able to get through to me. This time I used the filter with a roll-up J-pole and was able to get 17 QSOs in short order including a summit-to-summit 100 km away. I highly recommend this product if you are using an HT anywhere near broadcast towers.
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2m bandpass filter
I took the 2 meter SOTAbeams Band pass filter up to ZL3/cb-822 to see if it met my expectations & here is my report on it. ZL3/CB-822 is one of two sites in Chch that is reknown for RF soup due to the 3 paging/cell towers that adorn the summit. Most of us when using 2 meters move right down to the edge of the activation zone in an attempt to avoid it & then only using rubber ducky arials. Slim jims are out unless you have a decent radio & they don't always cut the mustard. Baofengs are definately out. So... Because I wanted to put the filter through a tough test, I went unusually close to the towers (approx 50 meters). There is a fence line there for bungeeing the pole to (thankyou Chch City Council), & up went the slim jim about 5 meters. I started off with the Yaesu FT 270 R & put the filter in line. I hadn't put an alert up. Instead I had e-mailed/text my fellow ZL3 activators & chasers as I wanted them to come on & ragchew amongst themselves whilst I monitered the reception & coming in as a breaker as needed. Geoff, ZL3GA & Gavin, ZL3GAV quickly obliged & after the usual formalities they QSOed between themselves & me. There was practically no drop of audio. This amazed me as I was prepared to disconnect the slim jim & go rubber ducky but no. Not needed. Other chasers & activators came & went & I was not dissaponted with the reception. Next step was to connect the FT-70D & work on fusion mode. I'm afraid to say I didn't get the same results. It was definately getting muted quite consistantley. Whether that was fusion or the 70D I can't comment. I do enjoy activating a summit on fusion. I didn't take a Baofeng for testing. Overall I'd give it a 9 out of 10. They come with female sma plugs at each end so I needed a male to male adaptor for my Yaesu hand helds which take a male sma. Available from SOTAbeams UK & I got it into the country for just a touch under NZ$90:00 including postage direct although I daresay if a few of you got together & ordered 2 or three or more at once & shared the postage costs it might be cheaper. Others of you may be more inclined to home brew your own. That's up to you. This wee item will be coming with me on all of my future activations especially if there's a hint of RF soup. Rick ZL3RIK
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www_global_dnp_news_detail_20167126_4126_html_from_rss
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4449
DNP Develops Transparent Antenna Film for 5G Compatible Products
Now possible to install antenna in any location
Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. (DNP) has developed a transparent antenna film compatible with 5G, fifth-generation mobile communications system.
The newly developed product has been created by configuring metal wiring that is virtually invisible to the naked eye in an ultrafine mesh on a transparent film. Characterized by superior transparency, the antenna can be installed on the transparent surface material of 5G-compatible products. As a result, there is no impairment of visibility with mobile devices or glass that have so far lacked space for such antenna.
[Background]
Millimeter-waves, with wavelengths of 1 to 10 mm and frequencies of 30 to 300 GHz, are used with 5G high-speed, large-capacity data communication. However, this has produced the challenge of being more susceptible to products in the same vicinity than conventional microwaves. In addition, millimeter waves exhibit strong radio wave straight line characteristics, making it necessary to increase the number of installed antennas in order to secure a superior communications environment.
To overcome this challenge, DNP has developed an ultra-fine metal mesh wiring that is virtually invisible to the naked eye. As a result, the antenna function can now be added to a variety of 5G-compatible products without compromising the design. This in turn facilitates unhindered antenna installation, not only on mobile devices, but also on base stations and Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
[Transparent Antenna Film]
- By attaching the transparent antenna film as a 5G-compatible antenna to indoor walls and ceilings, large monitors, structures such as window glass, and automobile glazing, it becomes easier to receive 5G radio waves in a variety of spaces.
- The transparent base film has an ultra-fine metal mesh that is virtually invisible to the naked eye and exhibits transparency, so does not impair the design and visibility of the product.
- The skillful selection of the metal material and shaping design has made it possible for the new film to exhibit performance sufficient as an antenna for 5G-compatible products, via the realization of a sheet resistance of 2.5 ohms /square, that is suitable for the antenna.
[Looking Ahead]
DNP leverages our comprehensive strengths in printing technology and information processing to combine electronic components that target 5G, such as the newly developed transparent antenna film and the heat dissipation component, known as a vapor chamber, with a platform that enhances IoT information security to provide solutions that support comfortable information societies.
In addition, the Company will also use 5G to engage in activities including virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) contents that provide an immersive experience anywhere any time, 4K and 8K video distribution, safe self-driving, and remote medical care.
DNP will propose the newly developed transparent antenna film to a variety of enterprises, and commence mass production in FY 2022 aiming for annual sales of 10 billion yen in FY 2025.
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2024_iceaa-offshore_org_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.5756
Skip to content
ICEAA
International Conference on Electromagnetics
in Advanced Applications
IEEE APWC IEEE-APS
Topical Conference on Antennas
and Propagation in Wireless Communications
ICEAA – IEEE APWC Conference 2024
ICEAA – IEEE APWC Conference 2024
ICEAA – IEEE APWC 2024
Lisbon
Lisboa – Portugal,
Altis Grand Hotel - R. Castilho 11, ,Lisboa,-1269-072
02/09/2024
02/09/2024
06/09/2024
06/09/2024
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radioreceivertransmitter_com_wireless-transmitter-and-receiver1080p-60hz-long-range-up-to-98ft-30m-h
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4958
Wireless Transmitter and Receiver1080P/60Hz Long Range Up to 98ft / 30m, HDMI. No software installation required, plug and play. Long-distance transmission, the theoretical transmission distance can reach up to 30 meters.
Dual-band Antenna, 2.4G+5.8G dual-channel, stable transmission. HD output, can decode 4K video signal, the output frame rate is 1080P/60Hz. Multi-scene applications, suitable for large conferences, home theaters. As our valued customer, we will do our best to make sure the product you receive arrives to you on time and as expected. This item is in the category "Consumer Electronics\TV, Video & Home Audio\TV, Video & Audio Accessories\TV & Video Accessories\Video Cables & Interconnects".store" and is located in this country: US. This item can be shipped to United States.
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www_rtl-sdr_com_tag_discone_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4744
JR Magnetics Small Ultra Wide Band 750 MHz to 6 GHz Antenna for SDRs on Kickstarter
John from JR Magnetics has written in and wanted to share his Kickstarter for a US$50 ultra wide band antenna that he has designed. The size is a just little bit bigger than two credit cards and the advertised coverage is from 750 MHz up to 6 GHz with a VSWR of less than 2.0.
John's Kickstarter text reads below:
About
I was never satisfied with the commercially available wide band antennas. They were all too large or did not have suitable VSWR over the frequency range generally required by SDRs. I read many research papers and ultimately made a omni-directional ultra wide band antenna, but it was too expensive for most people. Details regarding that antenna can be found at https://www.rtl-sdr.com/constructing-a-3d-printed-wideband-900-mhz-to-11-ghz-antenna/
However, a bi-directional antenna was good enough for most people, so I have made a flat one. The antenna I ended up with is 5 inches by 4 inches and about 3 mm thick with an SMA connector. It is quite definitely not a square patch antenna, which usually has a narrow bandwidth.
This antenna has a VSWR measured to be under 2.00 from around 750 MHz to over 3 GHz. It simulates to have a VSWR under 2.00 out to over 6 Ghz. This is enough for most of the available SDRs. It works very well with WiFi, Bluetooth, Zigbee and other systems within the bandwidth.
Existing Antennas
The log antenna, Figure 2, has a wide bandwidth, but it is specified as having ranges, because the VSWR rises over 2.00 several times over that range. The antenna measure sover 40 centimeters long, which is problem for me in a laboratory setting. It is too large to fit anywhere and wants to be permanently fixed to a pole or something like that.
The other antenna I have is a discone type device, Figure 3. It is huge. There is not practical for it to fit on a lab bench around various RF devices. It is measures around 28 centimeters at its base. It needs to be elevated above any ground planes, which complicates a laboratory environment with metal bench tops. I have it sitting on a shelf above the computer monitors on the opposite side of the room away from the lab bench. This does not work well when I am trying to deal with wireless devices connected to USB hubs on the bench with short range features.
Figure 4 shows the Flat Antenna next to the Log Antenna for a size comparison that illustrates just how much space saving there is with this new device. This is no small feat. This Flat Antenna is useful around all manner of RF devices on the bench without causing space issues, getting in the way of instruments and couples well with all of the wireless devices I am using. It is small enough with a convenient shape for moving it around and keeping it above a metal bench top. It only needs to be a few centimeters above any ground planes when perpendicular, not horizonal.
Due to its size and shape, near field problems have not been a problem, as with the other antennas. The antenna is quite directional, which is not much of a problem, since the RF bounces around all over the place. A Faraday shield is the only way to keep this device from picking out everything in the vicinity. The neighbors IoT devices create mountains of RF clutter. This antenna picks up all of it. If you only want restricted bandwidths, band pass and reject filters can be used. The load impedance is 50 Ohms across the band making an excellent match for all of the filters I have here.
Specifications
Figure 5 shows the VSWR as measured by the NanoVNA Version 2. It only goes out to 3 Ghz. The device must be calibrated before use, or you will get extraneous results. I am told the VSWR never goes above 2.00 until after 6 GHz. This is a remarkable antenna. I never found anything comparable to it on the Internet.
It can be used for all wireless and SDR applications normally within the 750 MHz to 6 GHz bandwidth. This is not guess work or speculation. The network analyzer shows the response clearly.
The antenna is 5 inches long by 4 inches wide by roughly 3 mm thick, not counting the SMA connector.
What You Get
You get one (1) antenna, as shown in Figure 1, for each US$50. You cannot do this yourself for that price. Your time alone is worth more than that after you do the calculations, simulations and prototyping. You also would have to deal with fab shops to get this done correctly, which is not always convenient for many people.
In other words, this is a remarkable Ultra Wide Band Antenna at a remarkable price.
Engineering
This has already been done. I have a Masters Degree in RF Engineering. I also have all of the simulation tools that are not available to most people, with the exception of some university students.
Manufacturing
I have sources that I use all the time. I just put this one into the queue. We also have a minimum order, which is why we Crowd Fund this operation.
Timeline
Once in the queue, it takes about two (2) weeks. After that, we are only concerned with delivery time. We intend to use ordinaty Postal Service mail, to keep the cost down, so time of delivery may vary depending upon the destination.
Risks and challenges
We already have laboratory results, so there is nothing to risk in performance. The only other thing that could be troublesome is the lead time by the vendor that manufactures the main component or any delays caused by the Postal Service.
UPDATE 16 Dec 2020: John has provided us with this document that addresses a few questions people had about the antenna.
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dtwradio_com_product-category_g-series-pager-accessories_g-series-replacement-antenna-700-800mhz__pr
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4184
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G Series Replacement Antenna 700-800MHz
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Unication G series Replacement Antenna (Blue Band)
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Replacement Antenna for the G Series pagers. New “Blue” Band antenna.
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forum_tvfool_com_archive_index_php_t-2865_html
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.5154
View Full Version : Rhombic Designs - Modeled and/or Built
GroundUrMast
3-Dec-2011, 9:15 AM
There is an existing thread that started with historical rhombic information.
This thread is intended for modeled and built examples.
The following material may be of interest however. (From the earlier rhombic thread):
Here is some additional information, including a link to "Edmund Laport's textbook Radio Antenna Engineering, published in 1952 and now out of copyright and freely available, scanned and processed into PDF by Dave Platt, AE6EO." (This is a 25 MB file)
http://www.cromwell-intl.com/radio/rhombic-antennas.html
Rhombic antennas are dealt with beginning on page 315.
And another collection of information re. the Rhombic: http://www.dxzone.com/catalog/Antennas/Rhombic/
GroundUrMast
3-Dec-2011, 9:27 AM
The attached OpenOffice document includes screen shots of geometry, gain graph and plot, SWR and the 4NEC2 code used to produce the model.
The Rhombic has strong points and weak. It's cheap to build. It's big and difficult to turn.
The code is overly complex... I was using it to model a dual rhombic with dis-similar leg lengths. I love being able to use the SY cards to make code that can be adapted to variations of a geometry.
Credit to holl_ands for his input re. FR & RP cards.
GroundUrMast
3-Dec-2011, 9:55 AM
Here are screen shots of geometry, gain graph and plot, SWR and the 4NEC2 code used to produce the model.
There is trouble with SWR still to be resolved.
GroundUrMast
4-Dec-2011, 6:16 AM
Screen shots of geometry, gain graph and plot, SWR and the 4NEC2 code used to produce the model.
Very flat Gain across the entire UHF band and excellent SWR.
Some screen shots imply this is a 4 wavelength per leg design. This is 5 WL / leg. I scaled this up from a smaller design and failed to catch the file naming convention.
ghz24
5-Dec-2011, 12:41 AM
I noticed you didn't post the gains at vhf high for the quad stack above.
Freq net gain
177 7.37
183 7.81
189 8.29
195 8.69
201 9.19
207 9.31
213 9.90
and that's not the highest the main lobe is forked with the highest gains
at +- about 20 degrees from horizontal and look like this
12.26
12.98
12.70
13.26
13.19
13.49
13.64
SWR is excessive at channel 7 but good enough every where else.
GroundUrMast
5-Dec-2011, 8:27 PM
Re. the Quad Stack 9-WL ver 1.0, my motive has been one of learning how to use 4NEC2 and investigate the possibility of using a Rhombic to pursue a single weak UHF signal.
It's becoming obvious that using phasing lines (transmission lines connected as quarter-wave transformers) to combine the four sections introduces enough tuned elements to the system so that one can only hope to get 1/3 to 1/2 of the UHF band covered while keeping the SWR under 2.0.
Hybrid combiners generally offer much greater bandwidth but introduce losses that would reduce the overall gain of the system to the point that a dual stack would out perform. So now I get to go on a quest for a 'lossless wide-band combining network'.
Re. broadband versions, I have briefly looked at the VHF performance of 1 and 2 Lambda/Leg UHF rhombics. I've got real channel 13 & 14 to the SW of my location and would like a modest gain broadband antenna dedicated to those two signals. @ ghz24, Are you looking for something similar?
ghz24
10-Dec-2011, 7:50 AM
I am on a quest to optimize my reception.
Commercial antennas mostly leave me cold, the manufactures have a vested interest in hiding the flaws/weaknesses of their designs and seem to excel at saying almost nothing in a way that makes their antenna sound like the Arecibo dish even though it maybe a small uhf loop with a pair of rabbit ears.
I know it's not limited to antenna makers, "lying with statistics" is very common now days and the ones doing the misleading don't seem to suffer any repercussions.
In short I think I can design and build a better (for me) antenna. Sturdier because I don't have to worry about shipping it, and better suited to the conditions where it will be used.
I started modeling to get dimensions from models others posted, and to see how complicated the program was to use.( had heard it was complicated )
After poking around for awhile and trying out the samples it didn't seem that complex.
Then became enamored with the whole, room full of engineers with slide rules
would take weeks to do what my desktop could do in 10 minutes power trip.
Now my curiosity is what drives me to model. Always what if ...
Rhombics caught my attention early on and some of my first models were rhombic designs. But ~12 foot models I considered performed lower or equal to the improved GH designs.
I guess I'll soon start a thread in reception help (not for antenna advise but to ask about amps)
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caatailantennas_com_pages_wearable-tactical-antenna
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4628
Communication Courses and Pubs
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KbofnssAR95B-HLPz83GsSCN53LrOzlK/view?usp=sharing
All the courses and pubs in the folder are military related but there are plenty of antenna/radio theory and FEA (field expedient antennas) info that can still be applicable to the civilian world.
The course "Basic Radio Troubleshooting Guide" was created by me for an easy, afternoon course on the basics for an infantry platoon.
Enjoy!
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www_atnews_co_za_tag_gabriel-ramokotjo_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4263
Gabriel Ramokotjo
Faster Wi-FI Connectivity For South Africans
THE Independent Communications Authority of South Africa’s (ICASA’s) amendment of applicable radio regulations and making…
THE Independent Communications Authority of South Africa’s (ICASA’s) amendment of applicable radio regulations and making…
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www_ant_uni-bremen_de_en_staff_kammeyer__skip_projekte_20_skip_ver_10_skip_ver_0_skip_ver_90_skip_ve
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4490
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karl-Dirk Kammeyer (Former Head of Department)
Address:
University of Bremen
Dept. of Communications Engineering
Otto-Hahn-Allee NW1
D-28359 Bremen - Germany
Room : NW1 N2360
Phone : +49 421 218 62389
E-mail : kammeyer|ant.uni-bremen.de
Teaching Research
Receiver concepts for HSDPA and multiple antenna systems
Joint optimization of channel estimation and multiuser detection including channel coding in CDMA mobile radio systems
Development and realization of a high rate OFDM data transmission in environments with high Doppler spreads
Analysis of the influence of UMTS-FDD multi-antenna concepts on mobile terminals
MASI - Multiple Antenna System for ISM-Band Transmission
Determination of similarities in polyphonic audio signals
Development of a 2.4 GHz transmission system for the ISM band
Blind source separation utilizing spatial diversity
HyEff
Development of efficient algorithms and structures for space time coding, multiuser detection and multicode techniques for the downlink of a frequency division duplex (FDD) UMTS system
Publications
1997
Broadband Beamforming with Adaptive Postfiltering for Speech Acquisition in Noisy Environments
BibTE X
S. Fischer , K.-D. Kammeyer
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP 97) ,
Vol. 1, pp. 359-362,
Munich, Germany,
21. - 24. April 1997
Suppression of Gaussian Noise Using Cumulants: A Quantitative Analysis
BibTE X
M. Feng , K.-D. Kammeyer
IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP 97) ,
Vol. 5, pp. 3812-3816,
Munich, Germany,
21. - 24. April 1997
Mehrkanalige Geräuschunterdrückung von gestörten Sprachsignalen in Kraftfahrzeuginnenräumen
BibTE X
J. Bitzer , K.U. Simmer, K.-D. Kammeyer
Fortschritte der Akustik (DAGA 97),
pp. 382-383,
Kiel, Germany,
3. - 6. March 1997
1996
Adaptive Microphone Arrays for Speech Enhancement in Coherent and Incoherent Noise Fields
BibTE X
S. Fischer , K.-D. Kammeyer , K.U. Simmer
Invited talk at the 3rd joint meeting of the Acoustical Society of America and the Acoustical Society of Japan,
Honolulu, Hawaii,
2. - 6. December 1996
A New CDMA-Concept using Hybrid Modulation with Noncoherent Detection
BibTE X
K.-D. Kammeyer , D. Nikolai
IEEE Fourth Symposium on Communications and Vehicular Technology in the Benelux (SCVT 96),
pp. 102-107,
University of Gent, Belgium,
1. October 1996
Noncoherent RAKE-Receiver with Optimum Weighted Combining and Improved Closed-Loop Power Control
BibTE X
D. Nikolai , K.-D. Kammeyer
IEEE Fourth International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications (ISSSTA 96),
Vol. 1, pp. 239-243,
Mainz, Germany,
22. - 25. September 1996
Vergleich zwischen OFDM und allgemeinen Multitraegerverfahren mit weicher Impulsformung
BibTE X
K. Matheus , K.-D. Kammeyer
1. OFDM-Fachgespräch,
Braunschweig, Germany,
1. September 1996
1995
Exploiting Second Order Cyclostationarity or Higher Order Statistics for the Blind Identification of Mixed Phase FIR Systems
BibTE X
D. Boss , K.-D. Kammeyer , M. Boe
15th GRETSI symposium,
Vol. 1, pp. 57-60,
Juan-les-Pins, France,
18. - 22. September 1995
Geschlossene Lösungen zur blinden Entzerrung und Systemidentifikation
BibTE X
K.-D. Kammeyer
Frequenz,
Vol. 49, No. 7/8, pp. 138-144,
July 1995
Decision-Feedback Eigenvector Approach to blind ARMA Equalization and Identification
BibTE X
D. Boss , B. Jelonnek , K.-D. Kammeyer
IEEE-SP/ATHOS Workshop on Higher-Order Statistics (SPW-HOS 95),
pp. 320-324,
Begur, Spain,
12. - 14. June 1995
Last change on
03.09.2019
by
Admin
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www_3grouterstore_co_uk_product-tag_fb4x4mimo_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4288
FB4x4MIMO
Showing the single result
-
4x4 MiMo 5G Antennas, 5G Antennas, Fullband Antennas, Omni-Directional 5G Antennas, Screw / Panel Mount 5G Antennas
FB4X4MIMO-5G Fullband® 4X4 MiMo 5G External Omni-Directional Antenna
4x4 MiMo 5G Antennas, 5G Antennas, Fullband Antennas, Omni-Directional 5G Antennas, Screw / Panel Mount 5G AntennasFB4X4MIMO-5G Fullband® 4X4 MiMo 5G External Omni-Directional Antenna
4×4 MiMo 5G Antenna
The Fullband FB4X4MIMO 5G antenna gives outstanding performance when coupled with our range of 5G routers. With 4 x 5 meter cables it can handle 4 concurrent data streams.
- 6 dBi Peak Gain providing excellent performance for 5G routers that need 4×4 MiMo
- Pre-terminated with 4 x 5m cables with SMA Male connectors – suits connection to most 5G routers
- Supplied with installation accessories for Wall, Pole and hole mounting – covers most installation requirements
- Robust construction means it can be installed almost anywhere
SKU: FB4X4MIMO
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xceltra_com_solutions_industrial-radio-microwave_uhfvhf-radios_ripex_
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4240
Radio parameters |
|||||||||||||
| Frequency bands | 135 – 154; 154 – 174 MHz 215 – 240 MHz 300 – 320; 320 – 340; 340 – 360 MHz 368 – 400; 400 – 432; 432 – 470 MHz 470 – 512 MHz 928 – 960 MHz |
||||||||||||
| Channel spacing | 6.25; 12.5; 25; 50 kHz 1) | ||||||||||||
| Frequency stability | ±1.0 ppm | ||||||||||||
| Modulation | QAM (linear): 16DEQAM; D8PSK; π/4DQPSK; DPSK | ||||||||||||
| FSK (exponential): 4CPFSK; 2CPFSK | |||||||||||||
| FEC (Forward Error Correction) | On/Off, ¾ Trellis code with Viterbi soft-decoder | ||||||||||||
| Gross data rate (data speed) 2) |
|
||||||||||||
Transmitter |
|||||||||||||
| RF Output power | QAM: 0.5 – 2 W 3) FSK: 0.1 – 10 W 4) |
||||||||||||
| Duty cycle | Continuous | ||||||||||||
| Rx to Tx Time | < 1.5 ms | ||||||||||||
| Intermodulation Attenuation | > 40 dB | ||||||||||||
| Spurious Emissions (Conducted) | < -36 dBm | ||||||||||||
| Radiated Spurious Emissions | < -36 dBm | ||||||||||||
| Adjacent channel power | < -60 dBc | ||||||||||||
| Transient adjacent channel power | < -60 dBc | ||||||||||||
Receiver |
|||||||||||||
| Sensitivity | -113 dBm (12.5 kHz, 2CPFSK, BER 10-6, 3/4 FEC | ||||||||||||
| Anti-aliasing Selectivity | 50 kHz @ -3 dB BW | ||||||||||||
| Tx to Rx Time | < 1.5 ms | ||||||||||||
| Maximum Receiver Input Power | 20 dBm (100 mW) | ||||||||||||
| Rx Spurious Emissions (Conducted) | < -57 dBm | ||||||||||||
| Radiated Spurious Emissions | < -57 dBm | ||||||||||||
| Blocking or desensitization | Blocking or desensitization values were determined according to the standards EN 302 561 V1.2.1 for 50 kHz channel, EN 300 113-1 V1.7.1 for 25 and 12.5 kHz channels, and ETSI 301 166-1 V1.3.2 for channel 6.25 kHz. | ||||||||||||
| Spurious response rejection | > 70 dB | ||||||||||||
| 1) 50 kHz channel spacing is HW dependent, versions before 2014 didn´t support it. 6.25 kHz channel spacing is not available for RipEX-928. | |||||||||||||
| 2) Network throughput varies and depends heavily on the data structure, optimization effectivity, protocol on Radio channel, network topology, signal budgets and many other parameters of the network. Practical tests are recommended. | |||||||||||||
| 3) Max peak envelope power (PEP) 7.0 W | |||||||||||||
| 4) For output power 10 W it is recommended to use input power above 11 VDC. | |||||||||||||
| RipEX-470, RipEX-928 – max. RF Output power 8 W. |
Electrical |
||
| Primary power | 10 to 30 VDC, negative GND | |
| Rx | 5 W / 13.8 V; 4.8 W / 24 V; (Radio part < 2 W) | |
| Tx | 13 – 40 W | |
| Sleep mode | 0.1 W | |
| Save mode | 2 W | |
Interfaces |
||
| Ethernet | 10/100 Base-T Auto MDI/MDIX | RJ45 |
| COM1 | RS232 | DB9F |
| 300 – 115 200 b/s | ||
| COM2 | RS232/RS485 SW configurable | DB9F |
| 300 – 115 200 b/s | ||
| USB | USB 1.1 | Host A |
| Antenna | 50 Ω | TNC female |
| Inputs/Outputs | 1x HW alarm input 1x HW alarm output 1x Sleep input |
Power connector |
Indication LEDs |
||||
| LED panel | 7× tri-color status LEDs (Power, ETH, COM1, COM2, Rx, Tx, Status) |
|||
Environmental |
||||
| IP Code (Ingress Protection) | IP40, (IP51 with special requirements) | |||
| MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure) | > 900 000 hours (> 100 years) | |||
| Hazardous lodations | Ex II 3G Ex ic IIC T4 Gc | |||
| Operating temperature | −40 to +70 °C (−40 to +158 °F) | |||
| Operating humidity | 5 to 95 % non-condensing | |||
| Storage | −40 to +85 °C (−40 to +185 °F) / 5 to 95 % non-condensing | |||
Mechanical |
||||
| Casing | Rugged die-cast aluminium | |||
| Dimensions | H × W × D: 50 × 150 × 118 mm (1.97 × 5.9 × 4.65 in) | |||
| Weight | 1.1 kg (2.4 lbs) | |||
| Mounting | DIN rail, L-bracket, Flat-bracket, 19″ Rack shelf | |||
SW |
||||
| Operating modes | Bridge / Router | |||
| Radio channel protocols | Transparent @ Bridge Base driven, Flexible @ Router |
|||
| User protocols on COM | Modbus, IEC101, DNP3, PR2000, UNI, Comli, DF1, RP570, Profibus, … | |||
| User protocols on Ethernet | Modbus TCP, IEC104, DNP3 TCP, Comli TCP, Terminal server… |
|||
| Serial to IP convertors | Modbus RTU / Modbus TCP, DNP3 / DNP3 TCP | |||
Protocol on Radio channel |
||||
| Multi master applications | Yes | |||
| Report by exception | Yes | |||
| Collision Avoidance Capability | Yes | |||
| Remote to Remote communication | Yes | |||
| Addressed & acknowledged serial SCADA protocols |
Yes | |||
| Data integrity control | CRC 32 | |||
| Optimization | Payload data and Ethernet / IP / TCP / UDP header compression, Packet flow on Radio channel optimization | |||
Security |
||||
| Management | HTTP, HTTPS (own certificate), SSH | |||
| Access accounts | 2 levels (Guest, Admin) | |||
| Encryption | AES256-CCM | |||
| VPN | IPsec, GRE | |||
| VLAN | IEEE 802.1Q (tagging), Q-in-Q for Transparent mode | |||
| Firewall | Layer 2 – MAC, Layer 3 – IP, Layer 4 – TCP/UDP |
Diagnostic and Management |
|||
| Radio link testing | Yes (ping with RSS, Data Quality, Homogeneity) | ||
| Watched values (Can be broadcast to neighbouring units. Received info displayed in Neighbours table) | Device – Ucc, Temp, PWR, VSWR, *HW Alarm Input. Radio channel – *RSScom, *DQcom, TXLost [%] User interfaces – ETH (Rx/Tx), COM1 (Rx/Tx), COM2 (Rx/Tx) * not broadcast |
||
| Statistics | For Rx/Tx Packets on User interfaces (ETH, COM1, COM2) and for User data and Radio protocol (Repeats, Lost, ACK etc.) on Radio channel | ||
| Graphs | For Watched values and Statistics | ||
| History (Statistics, Neighbours, Graphs) |
20 periods (configurable, e.g. days) | ||
| SNMP | SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, SNMPv3 SNMP Traps or SNMP Informs generation for Watched values |
||
| NTP | Client, Server (synchronized from internal GPS) | ||
| Monitoring | Real time/Save to file analysis of all physical interfaces (RADIO, ETH, COM1, COM2) and some internal interfaces between software modules (e.g. Terminal servers, Modbus TCP server etc.) |
Standards |
|
| CE | RED, RoHS, WEEE |
| FCC, IC | FCC Part 90, Pending: IC RSS-119 |
| Spectrum | ETSI EN 302 561 V2.1.1:2017 ETSI EN 300 113 V2.2.1:2017 |
| EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) | ETSI EN 301 489-1 V2.1.1:2017 ETSI EN 301 489-5 V2.1.1:2017 IEC 1613:2009 Class 1 |
| Safety | EN 60950-1:2006, A11:2009, A1:2010, A1:2010, A12:2011, A2:2013 |
| SAR | EN 50385:2002 EN 50383ed.2:2011 |
| Vibration & shock | EN 61373:1999 EN 60068-2-6:2008 |
| Seismic qualification | IEC 980:1989 (seismic category 1a) |
| Hazardous locations | EN 60079-0:2012 EN 60079-11:2012 |
| IP rating | EN 60529:1993 + A1:2001 + A2:2014 |
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www_sennheiser_com_en-au_catalog_products_wireless-systems_ew-d-skm_ew-d-skm-s-s1-7-508793
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4183
Raising the bar
Evolution Wireless Digital breaks the boundaries by providing more dynamic range than any wireless system currently on the market. Automatically securing the most reliable signal in a matter of seconds and scalable up 90 channels thanks to 56 MHz of tuning bandwidth, it’s easy to see why this wireless system is in a class of its own.
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marketplace_flexpay_co_ke_product_aerial-grid-jetta_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4276
Description
The Aerial Grid Jetta is a high-performance, grid-style outdoor antenna designed for optimal signal reception in challenging environments. Known for its durability and long-range capabilities, this antenna is ideal for rural or remote areas where signal strength may be weaker. The grid design allows it to capture signals effectively, even from distant towers, ensuring a stable and clear broadcast reception.
Built with weather-resistant materials, the Aerial Grid Jetta can withstand various outdoor conditions, including rain, wind, and UV exposure, making it a reliable choice for continuous use. It is compatible with most TV receivers and can be paired with signal boosters or amplifiers for enhanced performance, providing access to both digital and analog Free-to-Air channels.
Key Features:
- Grid Design: Optimizes signal capture for better reception over long distances
- Durable Construction: Built to withstand weather conditions for outdoor use
- Enhanced Reception: Ideal for rural or remote areas with weaker signal availability
- Free-to-Air Compatible: Works with digital and analog signals
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space-comm_me_business_castle-microwave_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4212
Business profile
Founded in 1981 Castle Microwave is one of the UK’s foremost suppliers of high technology and leading-edge RF and Microwave products with an extensive remit and expertise covering components and subsystems used in today’s state-of-the-art Military, Space, Telecoms, Smart Energy and Test & Measurement markets.
With a modern and well equipped test laboratory, Castle Microwave offers a professional Engineering Service along with a specialist Repair and Calibration Service with specific emphasis on Passive Inter-Modulation for modern telecomm systems, Antenna Measurements and Anechoic Chambers.
The team at Castle Microwave have a clear understanding of your requirements and can advise on all facets of design and development from initial inception to final production with a focus on fast prototyping to enable a rapid time to market and production ramp up.
Castle Microwave operates an ISO 9000 quality assurance system certified by the BSI to ISO 9001:2015 (BSI Registration No. RS21649) and holds additional approvals from our trading partners.
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lancerandall2021_com_tag_optimal-channel_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4170
optimal channel
Technology
Which is the Best 5GHz Channel For Your Router? Boost Your Wi-Fi
BY
Alma Phillips
Ever wondered why your Wi-Fi sometimes feels like a snail on a treadmill? Well, chances are you’re on the wrong ...
Ever wondered why your Wi-Fi sometimes feels like a snail on a treadmill? Well, chances are you’re on the wrong ...
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dspace_mit_edu_handle_1721_1_87185
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4769
Expanding the wireless communication paradigm
Author(s)
Bourget, Marc A. (Marc Anthony), 1979-
DownloadFull printable version (9.654Mb)
Other Contributors
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Advisor
James E. Hicks, Jr.
Terms of use
Metadata
Show full item recordDescription
Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2002. "June 2002." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-45).
Date issued
2002Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer SciencePublisher
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Keywords
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
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www_epo_org_en_boards-of-appeal_decisions_t030835eu1
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4336
T 0835/03 (Pilot signal transmission/LUCENT) 21-12-2005
Download and more information:
Pilot signal transmission in a multi-transmit antenna wireless communication system
I. This is an appeal from the decision of the examining division, dispatched on 21 March 2003, to refuse the European patent application number 01 302 481.5, publication number 1 187 364. The reason given for the refusal was that the subject-matter of all the claims did not involve an inventive step with regard to the teaching of documents
D1: "3GPP RAN S1.14 V2.0.0 (1999-04), ULTRA FDD; Physical layer procedures," April 1999, retrieved from www.3GPP.org on 06 December 2001; and
D2: US 5 652 764 A.
The examining division also gave its view that the independent claims did not satisfy Article 84 taken in combination with Rules 29(1) and (3) EPC in that they did not contain all the technical features essential to the invention.
II. Notice of appeal was filed and the fee paid on 21 May 2003. A statement setting out the grounds of the appeal was filed on 18 July 2003.
III. The board issued, of its own motion, a summons to attend oral proceedings to be held on 21 December 2005. In the accompanying communication the board expressed doubt as to whether the application satisfied Article 83 EPC, i.e. disclosed the invention claimed in a manner sufficiently clear and complete for it to be carried out by a person skilled in the art, and gave its preliminary opinion that the application failed to satisfy the requirements of Article 84, the claims lacking clarity, and Articles 52(1), 54 and 56, the subject-matter of various claims apparently lacking novelty and/or an inventive step. With regard to the question of novelty, the board cited a further document from the European Search Report:
D3: EP 1 063 790 A.
This document was relevant to novelty under the provisions of Articles 54(3) and (4) for all the designated contracting states with the exception of Turkey.
Finally an objection under Rule 29(4) EPC was raised against claim 6.
IV. In a submission on 16 November 2005 the appellant's representative informed the board that he would not attend the oral proceedings. It was requested that the oral proceedings be cancelled and that the procedure be continued in writing. If this were not possible a written decision "based on the papers" was requested. A new set of claims 1 to 4 was submitted to replace the previous set of claims.
V. The single independent claim 1 of the only request reads as follows:
"A communication method, characterized by the steps of:
encoding a pilot signal using a plurality of codes to produce a plurality of encoded pilot signals, the plurality of codes having at least a first and a second code where each of the plurality of codes are different, and the plurality of encoded pilot signals having at least a first and a second encoded pilot signal;
time division multiplexing the first and second encoded pilot signals with data; and
transmitting each of the first and second encoded pilot signals on a different antenna substantially simultaneously with said data."
VI. The appellant requests that the decision under appeal be set aside and that a patent be granted on the basis of
claims 1 to 4 dated and received on 16 November 2005.
VII. Oral proceedings took place as scheduled on 21 December 2005, the board having informed the appellant that the request to cancel them could not be granted. The appellant was not represented at the oral proceedings, during which the board deliberated and the chairman announced the decision taken.
1. The function of a board of appeal is to reach a decision on the issues presented to it, not to act as an alternative examining division (G 10/93 OJ 1995, 172, in particular Point 4). The need for procedural economy dictates that the board should reach its decision as quickly as possible while giving the appellant a fair chance to argue its case. In the present appeal the holding of oral proceedings was considered by the board to meet both of these requirements. A summons was therefore issued. The appellant gave no reasons to support the request to cancel the oral proceedings scheduled by the board and to continue the procedure in writing. The board considered that, despite the appellant's announced intention not to attend, the twin requirements of fairness and procedural economy were still best served by holding the oral proceedings as scheduled. The mere choice by the appellant not to attend was not sufficient reason to delay the board's decision. As made clear in the Rules of Procedure of the Boards of Appeal, Article 11(3), a party duly summoned to oral proceedings and not attending may be treated as relying only on its written case. The board considered that Article 113(1) EPC had been satisfied. The requests that the oral proceedings be cancelled and that the procedure be continued in writing were therefore refused.
2. The appellant has not explicitly specified the further text of the application on the basis of which grant of a patent is requested, despite the observation in the communication accompanying the summons to oral proceedings that the absence of a defined text in the statement of grounds of the appeal resulted in the requirements of Article 10a(2) of the Rules of Procedure of the Boards of Appeal not being satisfied. The board presumes that description and drawings are intended to be as refused, i.e.
description
pages 2 and 3 as originally filed, and
pages 1 and 1a filed on 14 November 2002;
drawing sheets 1 and 2 as originally filed.
3. In the new formulation of claim 1 the appellant has specified time division multiplexing (TDM) first and second encoded pilot signals with data, and transmitting each of the first and second encoded pilot signals on a different antenna "substantially simultaneously with said data". It is not clear what is intended by this last phrase. Since the encoded pilot signals are time division multiplexed with the data, it would appear implicit that the data and pilot signals are transmitted in a time division multiplexed manner, which is not the meaning the board would normally ascribe to "substantially simultaneously". It seems unlikely, but possible, that the phrase was added as an expression encompassing TDM, in which case it is also not clear whether the claimed subject-matter is supposed to be restricted to TDM transmission, or to encompass some unidentified wider concept. Alternatively, it is possible that the "substantially simultaneously" was intended to refer to the pilot codes alone, i.e. transmitting the first and second encoded pilot signals substantially simultaneously on different antennas. This would appear to be a feature described in the application. However, on such an interpretation it is unclear to what the phrase "with said data" is intended to refer. Given that the claim has at least two interpretations, and that neither is apparently very likely or clear in itself, the board must conclude that the claim is unclear, in violation of Article 84 EPC.
4. For this reason alone the appellant's only request is not allowable and the appeal must be dismissed. It is not necessary for the board to decide on the variety of other potential objections mentioned in the communication accompanying the summons to oral proceedings. However the board notes that with the exception to the objection raised in the communication to the then claim 6, which has now been deleted, they all appear prima facie still to apply to the amended application.
ORDER
For these reasons it is decided that:
The appeal is dismissed.
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www_centurycomputerbd_com_shop_xiaomi-mi-4a-gigabit-edition-1200mbps-dual-band-global-version-router
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.5274
Model: Mi 4A Gigabit Edition
Antenna: 4
Data Rate: 1000Mbps
Button: Reset Button
Wireless: Wireless Standard: Wireless AC
WiFi Network Frequency: 2.4GHz,5GHz
Interface: LAN,WAN
Network Standard: IEEE 802.11a,IEEE 802.11ac,IEEE 802.11b,
IEEE 802.11g,IEEE 802.11n,IEEE 802.3,IEEE 802.3U,IPv6
Ports: LAN Ports: 2 ports (Gigabit port)
Encryption: WPA-PSK,WPA2-PSK
Others: Transmission Rate: 1167Mbps
Speed of Ethernet Port: 1000Mbps
Weight: 240 g
Dimension: 20.10 x 17.40 x 12.20 cm
Color: White
Warranty: No Warranty
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.
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4gantenna_co_uk__attachment_id_13164
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4958
UK Business Customers Only
Online Support Only
Order by 2:00PM for next
Working day delivery
Office Hours 9:00AM - 5:00PM
01937 534914
01937 5349146
4G/5G MIMORAD ANTENNA
4G/5G MIMORAD EXTERNAL ANTENNA
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *
Comment *
Name *
Email *
Website
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datasheets_globalspec_com_ds_radio-controlli-s-r-l_rcbtx-434_f21a9993-e529-4ad1-a1d8-e08fca5f5e40
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4815
RF Transmitter ASK, OOK 433.92MHz 11dBm 50kbps Through Hole Antenna 15-SIP Module, 7 Leads
| Quarktwin Technology Ltd. | |
|---|---|
| Product Category | RF Transmitters |
| Product Number | RCBTX-434 |
| Product Name | RF Transmitters |
| Package Type | 15-SIP Module, 7 Leads |
| Features | RoHS |
| Operating Temperature | -25.0 to 80.0 C (-13.0 to 176.0 F) |
| Output Power | 11 dBm |
|
www_futureelectronics_com_p_semiconductors--wireless-rf--antennas--embedded_ant-w63-fpc-lh100uf-te-c
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4618
Manufacturer Part #
ANT-W63-FPC-LH100UF
WiFi6/6E FPC antenna, 45x7mm, horizontal 100mm cable, UFL
Product Specification Section
TE Connectivity ANT-W63-FPC-LH100UF - Product Specification
Shipping Information:
Item cannot ship to certain countries. See List
Item cannot ship to following countries:
ECCN:
EAR99
PCN Information:
N/A
File
Date
Part Status:
Active
Active
TE Connectivity ANT-W63-FPC-LH100UF - Technical Attributes
Attributes Table
| Antenna Type: | Flat Patch |
| Gain: | 10.1dBi |
| VSWR: | 1.8 |
| Polarization: | Linear |
| No of Bands: | 3 |
| Rated Power: | 2W |
| Application Type: | WiFi |
| Output Impedance: | 50Ω |
| Operating Frequency: | 2400MHz to 7125MHz |
| Operating Temp Range: | -40°C to +85°C |
Pricing Section
Global Stock:
1,000
USA:
1,000
On Order:
0
Factory Lead Time:
N/A
Quantity
Unit Price
100
$2.84
200
$2.82
300
$2.80
400
$2.79
500+
$2.75
Product Variant Information section
Available Packaging
Package Qty:
100 per Bag
|
glomexmobile_com_categoria-prodotto_4g-wi-fi-antennas_accessories__lang_en
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4116
Lifetime Warranty
We test all products on the road
The best in automotive antennas
Additional access point
|
www_lablink_com_listings_6257448-telex-cla-uhf-1-2-wave-antenna-bosch-725-760-9-mhz-new
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4057
Telex CLA UHF 1/2 Wave Antenna Bosch 725 - 760.9 MHz NEW
Telex CLA UHF 1/2 Wave Antenna Bosch 725 - 760.9 MHz NEW
$49 (USD)
or Best Offer
Description
Brand NEW
Telex CLA UHF 1/2 Wave Antenna Bosch 725 - 760.9 MHz
Terms & Conditions
Item comes as pictured in its present condition with no additional accessories unless stated.
_____________________________________________________
Payment
Full payment is Due within 2 business days of sale.
Warranty and Returns
A 5 Star Positive Rating Is important to Us!
30 Day Return Warranty
AS-IS items are sold without warranty
Buyer pays shipping charges for returned items
Shipping and Handling
-Most items are Shipped Same Business Day if payment cleared by 12pm Pacific Time-
-All items are packaged with care to ensure full protection during transit-
-We ship with Fedex and USPS unless requested otherwise-
-Freight shipments require longer handling time-
-International shipping is available! Contact us for a Quote(buyer is responsible for taxes,duties import charges)-
Specifications
| Manufacturer | Telex |
| Model | F.01U.146.572 |
| Condition | New |
| Stock Number | NEW |
|
www_powersystemsdesign_com_articles_wi-fi-6e-antennas-can-enable-extensive-bandwidth-increase_39_167
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4317
TE Connectivity (TE) is introducing its new antenna product portfolio for Wi-Fi 6E that supports triple bands, including the new 6 GHz band. TE's antenna solutions and integration expertise unleash the power of the extensive additional spectrum from Wi-Fi 6E, enabling new applications and services, greater network flexibility and faster speeds with reduced latency in end devices and applications.
2.4 GHz and 5 GHz are currently widely used Wi-Fi frequency bands. With the increasing use of connected devices, these existing Wi-Fi bands have become congested. The new 6 GHz band can provide the additional bandwidth and wider channels commonly needed. TE's new antennas for Wi-Fi 6E applications cover triple bands: 2400-2483.5 MHz, 5150-5875 MHz and 5925-7125 MHz. Accommodating 14 additional 80 MHz channels or seven additional 160 MHz channels, the new 6 GHz band brings a wider range of available channels that can offer an extensive contiguous clean spectrum for WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks) communication. The new portfolio has antenna products available on PCB, cabled PCB and cabled FPC. Multiple wireless standards are supported and they are customizable in cable length and connector types, which can have quick time-to-market and offer system design flexibility. TE's RF competence centers support the creation of efficient Wi-Fi 6E MIMO antenna configurations and optimization of throughput.
To learn more about TE's Wi-Fi 6E antennas, click here.
|
www_centurycomputerbd_com_tp-link-ec220-g5-v3-ac1200-1200mbps-gigabit-wireless-router_
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4843
| Key Features | ||
| Data Rate | 5 GHz: 4804 Mbps (802.11ax, HE160) 2.4 GHz: 574 Mbps (802.11ax) |
|
| Antenna | 4 External Antennas | |
| Button | WPS/Wi-Fi Button Reset Button |
|
| Frequency | 5 GHz 2.4 GHz |
|
| Wireless | Beamforming High-Power FEM |
|
| Interface | 1 10/100/1000 Mbps WAN Port 3 10/100/1000 Mbps LAN Ports |
|
| Network Standard | IEEE 802.11ac/n/a 5 GHz IEEE 802.11b/g/n 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11 k/v |
|
| Encryption | WPA/WPA2/WPA3 | |
| Ports | 1× Gigabit WAN Port 3× Gigabit LAN Ports |
|
| Others | Microsoft Windows 98SE/NT/2000/XP/Vista™/7/8/8.1/10, MAC OS, NetWare, UNIX or Linux Internet Explorer 11+, Firefox 12.0+, Chrome 20.0+, Safari 4.0+, or other Java-enabled browser Cable or DSL Modem (if needed) Subscription with an internet service provider (for internet access)HomeShield Security Real-Time IoT Protection Malicious Site Blocker Intrusion Prevention System DDoS Attack Prevention Home Network Scanner |
|
| Power Source | ||
| Power Mode | 12 V ⎓ 1 A | |
| Physical Dimension | ||
| Dimension | 9.1 × 5.7 × 1.5 in (230.0 × 144.0 × 37.0 mm) | |
| Color | White | |
| Manufacturer warranty | ||
| Warranty | 1 year |
Tp-Link EC220-G5 V3 AC1200 1200mbps Gigabit Wireless Router
৳ 3,350.00 Original price was: ৳ 3,350.00.৳ 2,850.00Current price is: ৳ 2,850.00.
Key Features
- Model: EC220-G5 V3
- 5 GHz: 4804 Mbps, 2.4 GHz: 574 Mbps
- Supports MU-MIMO and OFDMA
- 1× Gigabit WAN Port, 4× Gigabit LAN Ports
- Beamforming, High-Power FEM, 4T4R
বর্তমান অস্থিতিশীল বাজার পরিস্থিতির কারনে স্টক ও দাম সম্পর্কে নিশ্চিত হয়ে অনলাইনে অর্ডার করুনঃ 01720-054388.
Category: TP-Link Router
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de_mathworks_com_videos_lte-mimo-beamforming-on-ray-tracing-channels-1484949856149_html
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4280
LTE MIMO Beamforming on Ray Tracing Channels
Model transmission of an LTE signal over a ray tracing channel using LTE and Phased Array System Toolbox™. The singular value decomposition (SVD) of the channel matrix provides the beamforming matrix for the transmitter and the receiver, and you can explore the relationship between angles or departure, angles of arrival, and radiation patterns for the transmit and receive antennas. The performance gain from beamforming is simulated for a various number of antennas, a number of scatterers in the channel, and carrier frequencies up to 60GHz, based on EVM measurement of the receive signal.
Recorded: 20 Jan 2017
|
jamsoe_com_product_ts9-10dbi-magnetic-cellular-antenna-omni-directional-wifi-bluetooth-repeater-high
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4395
Description
- Frequency Range(MHz): 700MHz-960MHz 1710MHz-2710MHz, get maximum omnidirectional wireless coverage and reliability for 4G LTE CPRS GSM 2.4G WCDMA 3G wireless signal.Compatible Mobile Hotspot Sierra Wireless: AirCard 802S, AirCard 801S, AT&T AirCard 770S, AirCard 763S, AirCard 762S, AirCard 760S, AirCard 754S Netgear: AT&T Beam AC340U, AT&T AC815s, AT&T AirCard 779S,AT&T AirCard 781S,AT&T Unite Pro (Air Card 781S), Nighthawk M1 MR1100,Sprint AirCard 771S,Virgin AirCard 778S, Verizon AirCard 791L
- Compatible Mobile Hotspot Netgear:Aircard 810s, Aircard 800S, aircard 790s, aircard 785s, Aircard 782S Novatel Wireless:Verizon MiFi 7730L Jetpack,Verizon MiFi 4620LE Jetpack,Verizon MiFi 4620L,Verizon Jetpack MiFi 4510L Jetpack Franklin:Verizon Pantech MHS291L,Verizon MHS800L Ellipsis Jetpack,Verizon MHS900L Ellipsis Jetpack ZTE: MF980, MF971V, MF970, MF95, MF93E, MF93D, MF923, MF91T, MF91S, MF91D, MF910, MF91, MF90, MF61, Flare Huawei: Hilink CarFi E8377, E8372, E589, E5787, E5786, E5785 etc
|
microwaveeng_com_product_tag_patch-array-antenna_
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4126
M.E.C.’s X390-647 (4×9-Element) is an X-band, Series-Fed patch array antenna possessing low side lobe levels and narrow beamwidth. This lightweight, low-profile antenna provides a directional beam with high efficiency and is suitable for a variety of modern satellite communications and multipurpose radar applications. This antenna can be mounted on both flat and conformal surfaces due to its low-profile and planar form factor. By varying the size of appropriate patches in subarrays, one can compensate for curvature effects in conformal mounting.
|
unikcctv_com_product-category_networking-devices_outdoor-cpe-router_
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.5250
-
- Built-in 15dBi dual-polarized directional antenna, up to 3 miles
- sspread spectrum to 4.9-6.1GHz
- Support 5, 10MHz narrowband operating bandwidth
- TDMA intelligent dynamic polling protocol
- Support ATPC power control
- IPv6 support
3-Miles Wireless Bridge for Seamless Connectivity
$399.00 -
- High-performance high-speed outdoor long-range wireless bridge
- Long range transmitting distance
- Strong penetration ability with strong anti-interference ability
- Support non-standard frequency points, spread spectrum up to 4.9-6.1GHz
- Integrated 25dBi dual polarization dish antenna, up to 25 kilometers
- TDMA Intelligent Dynamic Polling Protocol.
- Support 5, 10MHz narrowband operating bandwidth.
- Supporting IPv6, ATPC, VLAN.
5 GHz 14-Miles PTP PTMP Wireless Bridge
$1,095.00 -
New
- Two external N-F RF connectors (with external grooves and internal holes) can be adapted to different antennas and can transmit up to 35 kilometers
- Independent lightning protection boards has improved the product's ability to withstand harsh environments
- Supports 24~48VPoE power supply and 12V DC power supply
- Support non-standard frequency points, spread to 4.9-6.1GHz
- Supports narrowband operating bandwidth of 5 and 10MHz
- TDMA intelligent dynamic polling protocol
- Support ATPC power control
8 Miles Transmission Industrial Wireless Bridge
$784.00 -
Sale
- Integrated 25dBi dual-polarized dish antenna to transmit up to 8 miles
- Support non-standard frequency, spread spectrum to 4.9-6.1GHz
- Support 5, 10MHz narrowband operating bandwidth
- TDMA intelligent dynamic polling protocol
- Support ATPC power control
- VLAN is supported
- IPv6 support
8 Miles Wireless Bridge – 5.150GHz～5.850GHz
Original price was: $1,099.00.$894.00Current price is: $894.00.
|
amfone_net_Amforum_index_php_topic_30353_msg336371
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4013
Here is a very simple wire antenna you can build for 10 meters and quickly get in on the AM action now that the sunspots have returned. It is nothing more than a rectangular full-wave loop that has a 2:1 height-to-width ratio. It is fed at the bottom-middle of the loop and the feedpoint impedance is 50 Ohms.
The dimensions above are for uninsulated wire and will produce resonance at the lower end of the 10 meter band. I built a loop using 36 feet of #12 insulated wire and had to trim 8-10 inches to obtain resonance at around 28.8 MHz (better for AM operation above 29 MHz). If I had to do it over, I would have made the loop 35 feet in total length and put a 6 inch stub with a shorting bar at the top of the loop (opposite the feedpoint). Sliding the shorting bar would allow for setting the center frequency almost anywhere in the band quickly and easily.
The antenna can be put aloft with just one support. I used a rope and PVC horizontal spreaders/spacers (as shown in the photo above) or you could mast mount the loop (as shown in the drawing below). PVC pipe can be used as spreaders or support arms.
The loop has 1-2 dB more gain than a horizontal dipole and 8 db gain over a vertical dipole (or most other verticals). It still has broad lobes like a dipole, so geographic coverage is good. If mast mounted, a rotor could be used. I turn mine (tree mounted) with a rope.
Loop Versus Horizontal Dipole (loop pattern in
Red)
Azimuth
Elevation
Loop Versus Vertical Dipole (loop pattern in
Red)
Azimuth
Elevation
Make sure you use a balun at the feedpoint. Several turns of coax in an 8 inch loop will work fine or you can use a bead or toroid balun.
If you want to get on 10 meters and join in the fun, try this rectangular loop. You can build it and have it up and on the air in an afternoon.
Catch you on 10!
|
www_blue-c-mobile_com_work-with-us
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4160
WHO WE ARE
We are a satellite service provider that offer affordable and highly flexible airtime plans through a network of professional partners to the maritime market.
Historically satellite communication has been an expensive, inflexible and complex yet essential part of running a maritime operation. With Blue C Mobile, this notion is set to change. Founded by a team of passionate and experienced individuals in the maritime industry, we are determined to make maritime satellite communication easy, hyper flexible and very affordable for all maritime businesses.
We work with the World’s most experienced and professional antenna makers to offer the highest reliability at a low cost and combined this with our own self service portal that makes ordering and managing of data packages easy and quick for our partners so they can deliver an excellent service to their end customers.
Our ambition is to be known as the world’s most reliable, flexible and cost-effective maritime communication solution paired with great customer service.
WORK WITH US
Blue C Mobile offers our products exclusively through our network of partners. We’re looking for good partners worldwide that would like to offer their customers more flexibility and affordable services.
We are looking for
-
Distributors – Companies that have their own sales and technical team that can keep a small inventory of hardware and provide 1st line support to their end-customer and any resellers they sign on
-
Resellers – Companies that do sales and have technical abilities to support their end customer
-
Agents and ambassadors that can introduce our solution to the market
WORK @ BLUE C MOBILE
We are on a mission to make maritime satellite communication easy, flexible and affordable. Our goal is to deliver this coupled with great quality and service, to do this we need great people that are:
-
obsessed with customer service
-
curious and always learning
-
always looking for ways to innovate and improve
We offer:
-
a challenging but exciting and fun environment
-
a team of passionate and professional colleagues
-
competitive compensation and benefits
Check out our career site for current vacancies
|
www_hubersuhner_com_en_shop_product_antennas_antennas_vehicles_84076252_sencity-rail-low-profile-ant
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4186
SENCITY® Rail Low Profile Antenna with GPS
Product number 84076252
Identifier 1399.99.0032
Variation: -
General Information
- Railway rooftop antenna for 2G/3G/4G cellular and Wi-Fi 4/Wi-Fi 6 bands
- Multiple Antenna installations support Cellular and Wi-Fi MIMO
- Includes embedded passive GPS antenna (requires separate LNA such as 86010142)
- Rugged design, meets EN 50155 Railway Standard
- Fire retardant according to EN 45545-2
- Extremely low profile (40mm)
Key features
- As the onboard antenna in deployment for Railway communication train-to-ground systems with tight tunnel guages
How to use it
|
www_comm_uni-bremen_de_en_staff_kammeyer__skip_ver_60_skip_ver_40_skip_projekte_30_skip_ver_90_skip_
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4546
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karl-Dirk Kammeyer (Former Head of Department)
Address:
University of Bremen
Dept. of Communications Engineering
Otto-Hahn-Allee NW1
D-28359 Bremen - Germany
Room : NW1 N2360
Phone : +49 421 218 62389
E-mail : kammeyer|ant.uni-bremen.de
Teaching Research
Joint optimization of channel estimation and multiuser detection including channel coding in CDMA mobile radio systems
Receiver concepts for HSDPA and multiple antenna systems
Analysis of the influence of UMTS-FDD multi-antenna concepts on mobile terminals
Development and realization of a high rate OFDM data transmission in environments with high Doppler spreads
MASI - Multiple Antenna System for ISM-Band Transmission
Determination of similarities in polyphonic audio signals
Development of a 2.4 GHz transmission system for the ISM band
Blind source separation utilizing spatial diversity
HyEff
Development of efficient algorithms and structures for space time coding, multiuser detection and multicode techniques for the downlink of a frequency division duplex (FDD) UMTS system
Publications
1983
On the Design of an Efficient Digital Broadcast FM Receiver
BibTE X
K.-D. Kammeyer
European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO),
pp. 355-358,
Erlangen, Germany,
1. September 1983
Probleme der ADU-Genauigkeit in einem digitalen UKW-Empfangssystem
BibTE X
K.-D. Kammeyer
NTG-Fachberichte, Neue Aspekte der Informations-und Systemtheorie,
Vol. 84,
1. March 1983
Realisierung einer digitalen FM-Demodulationseinheit fuer den Einsatz im UKW-Zwischenfrequenzbereich
BibTE X
K.-D. Kammeyer
Frequenz,
Vol. 37, pp. 16-22,
January 1983
1982 1980
Theoretische und messtechnische Untersuchungen zur Trägerphasenregelung in digitalen Modems
BibTE X
K.-D. Kammeyer , H. Schenk
Archiv für Elektronik und Übertragungstechnik (AEÜ),
Vol. 34, pp. 1-6,
January 1980
Ein analytisches Modell fuer die Taktableitung in digitalen Modems
BibTE X
K.-D. Kammeyer , H. Schenk
Archiv für Elektronik und Übertragungstechnik (AEÜ),
Vol. 34, pp. 81-87,
January 1980
Digitale Modems zur schnellen Datenübertragung ueber Fernsprechkanäle
BibTE X
K.-D. Kammeyer , H. Schenk
Professorial dissertation,
Ausgewählte Arbeiten über Nachrichtensysteme,
No. 39,
January 1980
Messtechnische Untersuchungen zur Datenuebertragung über Fernsprechkanaele
BibTE X
K.-D. Kammeyer , H. Schenk
Frequenz,
Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 109-117,
January 1980
1979
Last change on
03.09.2019
by
Admin
|
www_svconline_com_the-wire_wisycom-provides-wireless-rf-solutions-for-international-pop-artists
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4283
OHIO, FEBRUARY 12, 2019 – When preparing for international stadium tours for two of the world’s top pop artists, leading touring company Eighth Day Sound worked with Wisycom to develop a solution for its unique wireless RF challenges. In the touring industry, RF coverage is always a concern as many large-scale productions need to accommodate big venues and, in some cases, high-flying, wide-reaching performances. Eighth Day Sound’s two most recent high-profile global tours turned to Wisycom’s MAT288 Matrix Combiner and MFL RF-Over-Fiber Antenna System to ultimately give sound engineers the tools necessary to cover the extensive wireless needs for these exceptionally large projects.
For Eighth Day Project Manager Jordan Kolenc, creating an RF design that would provide maximum coverage for one such major stadium tour left him with a long list of concerns, and a need to preemptively find solutions. After much trial and error with products from other manufacturers, Kolenc reached out to Jim Dugan, president of Wisycom USA, who visited Eighth Day’s shop to demonstrate how Wisycom’s MAT288 combiner, along with its MFL antenna system, could provide expansive coverage for live touring applications.
The MFL Fiber Rack Unit provides coverage farther than the 300 feet limit found in coaxial cable, making it ideal for stadium-sized tours. Additionally, the Wisycom MAT288 Matrix Combiner allows sound engineers to actively and effectively make adjustments that pertain to and affect the microphones and instruments, while the MFL does double duty by extending coverage over fiber for the in-ear transmitters. “Wisycom is the only company that I know of that can handle the RF distance that we were trying to cover,” says Kolenc. “The company’s wideband capabilities are the largest in the industry. The fact that we can also use them with any of the other manufacturers’ packs that we are already running makes them a cost-effective addition to our arsenal of gear. In addition to coverage, Wisycom’s ability to handle antenna switching in a stadium or other large-scale environment is unparalleled.”
For Kolenc’s recent tour, RF coverage needed to span to aerial elements on which the artist performs, as well as her descent back to the stage. To accomplish this, with guidance from Wisycom, the Eighth Day team arranged a series of fiber links between multiple locations to handle relay signals for the antenna system. This ensured a clear and uninterrupted performance for fans, and also kept a continued transmission to the pop artist’s ears at all times.
According to Kolenc, “This is the biggest system we’ve implemented at Eighth Day from an RF standpoint, in terms of overall coverage area. No one has really done this before. What we needed doesn’t actually exist, yet, in an out-of-the-box solution. Jim [Dugan] was able to utilize Wisycom’s RF equipment in conjunction with other gear to make it all happen. These tours solidified our decision to own the Wisycom gear permanently.”
As one of the biggest touring companies in the United States, Eighth Day has now expanded globally. For Kolenc’s recent tour, he brought the MAT288 Matrix Combiner and MFL Fiber Rack Unit overseas to stops in Europe, Asia, and Australia. “When we looked at how we were going to design the system, international compatibility was a major factor for us,” he adds. “With Wisycom, we can use the gear everywhere we go, both domestically and internationally.”
Kolenc has been with Eighth Day for over a decade, working as a project manager, monitor engineer and mix engineer, as well as in a technical support capacity. Adding Wisycom products to the Eighth Day inventory allowed Kolenc to create a uniquely large RF system that project managers can continue to use on future tours.
About Wisycom
Wisycom is a designer and builder of the most sophisticated RF solutions for broadcast, film and live production, renowned for their durability, flexibility, reliability, practicality and cost-effective price points. Wisycom’s design process is driven by attention to detail, customer feedback and ultimate quality, from the selection of components to the manufacturing process, which takes place at the company’s Italian plants. The company prides itself on serving as a technical advisor and partner to every customer. From custom design to evaluation and dimensioning of systems, the Wisycom team stands by its customers through every step of the process. For more information, please visit www.wisycom.com.
|
hounddoggear_com_
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4290
Misc. Items
Collars
Leads
Couplers
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Garmin Tech & Training
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Flea & Tick Control
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Aftermarket Replacement Antenna
Replacement antenna for Garmin collar.
DETAILS
Price: Starting at $8.99
|
kilpart_com_products_collins-aac-200-antenna-coupler-622-2884-003
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4172
COLLINS AAC-200 ANTENNA COUPLER 622-2884-003
COLLINS AAC-200 ANTENNA COUPLER 622-2884-003
Rockwell Collins
Out of stock
Regular price
€1.799,99 EUR
Regular price
€0,00 EUR
Sale price
€1.799,99 EUR
Unit price
/
per
Internal Product ID:
SKU:185
Share this item
Thank you for your interest in this item. Please be aware of the following before purchasing:
- Our offerings are primarily aimed at professional buyers and general aviation companies.
- Please ask your questions before purchasing.
- This item is used and sold as removed from a salvaged aircraft, in "as is" condition and with all faults and without any warranty.
- The entire risk as to the eligibility and airworthiness of the item is with the buyer and / or the installing agency.
- This aircraft part you are purchasing or receiving, unless stated otherwise in this particular offer, may not be in compliance with applicable Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) or other regulating agencies requirements.
- The buyer is to make the final determination of air worthiness and suitability of the item.
- Airworthiness is ONLY determined by a FAA or EASA approved mechanic or FAA or EASA certified repair station.
- You are solely responsible for bringing your aircraft into compliance with the standards applicable to your country of Registration.
|
www_epa_gov_radtown_non-ionizing-radiation-wireless-technology_gucurrency_usd_gucountry_us_gulanguag
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4060
Non-Ionizing Radiation From Wireless Technology
-
Wireless technology emits radiation in the radiofrequency region of the electromagnetic spectrum a type of non-ionizing radiation.
-
Government agencies set safety guidelines that limit your exposure to radiofrequency energy.
-
Scientists continue to study the long-term health effects from exposure to low-levels of radiofrequency energy.
Radiofrequency (RF) energy is a type of electromagnetic radiation. It is used to transmit signals carrying information in the form of radio waves. Radio waves are broadcast using a transmitter. When the radio waves reach a receiver, the signal is converted back into the information that was originally sent by the transmitter. When you talk on a cell phone, your cell phone acts as a transmitter and your voice is carried on radio waves to the person you are calling. Their phone acts as the receiver and converts the signal back into your voice. In addition to cell phones, other wireless devices such as radios, Wi-Fi routers, satellites, radars and pacemakers can send or receive RF energy waves.
About Non-Ionizing Radiation From Wireless Technology
Electronic devices that send information through the air are everywhere. Between Wi-Fi, cell phones and other networks, people are in a nearly constant cloud of wireless signals. These devices use RF energy to send and receive information.
RF energy is a type of non-ionizing radiation. Non-ionizing radiation is not strong enough to directly affect the structure of atoms or damage DNA; however, it does cause atoms to vibrate, which can cause them to heat up.
When RF energy is very strong, such as from radar transmitters, it can be dangerous. It can heat parts of your body very rapidly and cause serious injuries, like severe burns. These extremely high RF energy levels are only found near large and powerful equipment, such as commercial long-distance transmitters mounted on communication towers. Radiofrequency energy decreases as it travels in atmosphere, which means that it gets weaker the farther it is from the transmitter. Powerful long-distance transmitters usually do not create high-level RF energy on the ground. If there is a ground level hazard from RF energy, there are safety requirements to prevent the public from dangerous exposure. Transmission towers that produce hazardous levels of RF have warning signs and security in place that limits access to only authorized personnel. These warnings and access restrictions should always be followed to keep you safe.
Overall, studies have not shown an association between cell phone use and radiogenic health effects, such as cancer. Limited evidence from studies of the human body, population studies, and laboratory animals suggest an association between cell phone use and cancer; however, these observations are not conclusive, and several limitations of these studies, including reproducibility issues, prevent us from concluding a causal effect. Scientists continue to study the effects of long-term exposure to low-levels of RF energy.
Cell phone towers may broadcast higher levels of RF, so always remember to follow any warnings that limit access to the tower itself or the surrounding area.
What You Can Do
Scientists continue to study the effects of long-term exposure to low-levels of RF energy. If you are concerned, you can take these simple steps to reduce your exposure to RF energy:
- Limit use. Reduce the number and length of your calls, or time spent using a wireless device.
- Text instead. Texting uses a much smaller signal than a voice call, resulting in less exposure to RF energy.
- Ensure good reception. If you have poor reception, some phones will boost their signal to try to make a better connection. If you are able, try to make calls in a location with good reception. This can reduce your RF exposure by avoiding signal boosts.
- Increase distance. Add space between your wireless device and your body. For example, when possible make use of hands-free technology.
|
www_tngindustries_com_unilateral-satellite-internet_
|
wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4273
Satellite communications is one of the types of radio communication, which uses satellites as repeaters, transmitters. Transmission of the information transmitted by satellite to terrestrial receivers that can be as mobile stations, and stationary. The transmission of information via satellite is a development of the traditional microwave transmission method of transporting the transmitter-repeater distant height. In view of the fact that the area appeared to relay in this case – almost half the land, there is no need to create a coherent chain of transmitters – most often one is enough. Consider one type of establishment the exchange of information users in the global network using satellite. One-way satellite Internet transmits information from the subscriber stations 'terrestrial' channels of communication and returns a response to the computer user back via satellite.
Output signal can be relayed to any known version of Internet access: adsl / gprs modem, a dedicated one. Returning the response at high speed is transmitted through satellite. Sending a request via the local Internet provider. Approach even the low-speed gprs modem phone. Receiving the response of traffic through the High Speed satellite channel. important! Outbound traffic – it's kilobytes data is a request to the opening of an Internet site / page, it's always a paltry information as compared with the main flow of data – with the admission (direct opening of the site, download music, movies, etc.) that will now be carried out via high-speed satellite channel. As a result! High speed data acquisition up to 8 Mbps, save up to 20% satellite and 80% of ground traffic, tariff plans of this type of connection calculated at the rate of 1rub. / 1Mb; rosmotr television channels with high quality, quality service user support, one-way satellite internet connected at any point of Russia (as well as countries in the Middle abroad). Now you can forget that old problem of dial-up and overload the network provider is used, as well as disconnected, as if it were only the DIAL-UP!
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rotorgeeks_com_fpv_antennas_truerc-core-58-sma-125mm-lhcp
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4291
Antennas
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podcast_wca_org_1615570_episodes_12415552-an-introduction-to-wireless-power-with-dinesh-kithany-of-w
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4392
Connections!
The Wireless Communications Alliance (WCA) is dedicated to information sharing, networking and collaboration and will bring you information on the latest happenings in the Wireless Industry. Connections! hosted by wireless veteran Tom Hunt will cover a wide range of topics with leaders in the industry. We hope you'll Get Connected! For more information on the WCA visit us at www.wca.org.
Connections!
An Introduction to Wireless Power - With Dinesh Kithany of WAWT
In this episode on we will provide an Introduction to Wireless Power. In today's world, we rely heavily on electronic devices such as smartphones, laptops, and wearables that require constant charging. But what if we could charge our devices without plugging them in? This is where wireless power comes in.
Wireless power, also known as wireless charging, is a revolutionary technology that enables the transfer of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical device without the need for physical connections. It has the potential to transform the way we charge and use our electronic devices, making our lives more convenient and efficient.
In this episode, we will delve into the basics of wireless power, including how it works, its benefits and limitations, and the different types of wireless power technologies available today. We'll also discuss some of the current applications of wireless power, such as in smartphones, electric vehicles, and medical devices, and explore the future possibilities of this exciting technology.
So, whether you're a tech enthusiast or simply curious about the latest trends in technology, this podcast episode on Introduction to Wireless Power is sure to provide valuable insights and knowledge. Let's get started - TH
Sign up for the WCA NewsletterLearn the latest in wireless news, trends and be the first to be notified of our monthly events...
Disclaimer: This post contains affiliate links. If you make a purchase, I may receive a commission at no extra cost to you.
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events_vtools_ieee_org_m_184151
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4047
8th Workshop on Radioelectronics - The Path towards 5G Wireless Network
Technical meeting devoted problems connected with new projects of 5G Wireless Networks with particiapation of CST, NOKIA, WAVE TEST and TESPOL companies.
Date and Time
Location
Hosts
Registration
- Date: 16 Oct 2018
- Time: 09:00 AM to 03:00 PM
- All times are (UTC+02:00) Warsaw
- Add Event to Calendar
- Contact Event Host
- Co-sponsored by Silesian University of Technology, CST, NOKIA, TESPOL, WAVE TEST
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SIMILARITY: 0.4670
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SIMILARITY: 0.4208
Close
Shop All:Califone
Califone WS-T Lightweight 16-Channel Wireless Audio System Transmitter
Item #:
1543827
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Be heard, whether you are speaking to 5 people or 50 with the Califone WS-T Lightweight Audio System Receiver.
About This Item
Description
Califone Wireless Audio System Transmitter features separate MIC/AMP line inputs, which offers flexibility to broadcast to any size group. Lightweight transmitter has a range of up to 300 feet (with line of sight) and is designed for use with the Assistive Listening WS-series or Califone 900 MHz PA products.Features
- Line and microphone input
- Channel Up/Down/Lock
- Walkie-talkie/Mute Button
- Belt clip and lanyard hole
Includes:
- 1 Transmitter
Shipping Type:
policy5
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Specifications
Grade Level:
Not Specified
Allergens:
Contains No Allergens
Certifications:
Not Applicable
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archives_lib_umd_edu_repositories_2_archival_objects_134444
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4031
FCC Freeze on New Station Construction, 1948-1973
File — Box: 6, Folder: 32.0
Dates
- Creation: 1948-1973
Use and Access to Collection
There are no restricted files in this collection.
Language of Materials
From the Collection: English
Library Details
Part of the Special Collections and University Archives
Contact:
University of Maryland Libraries
Hornbake Library
4130 Campus Drive
College Park Maryland 20742
301-405-9212
[email protected]
University of Maryland Libraries
Hornbake Library
4130 Campus Drive
College Park Maryland 20742
301-405-9212
[email protected]
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www_3grouterstore_co_uk_product_fullband-gxs606-4g-5g-antenna-outdoor-mount-antenna-5dbi-peak-gain-w
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4435
Fullband® GXS606 4G LTE/5GNR Antenna – 1m Long Cable
GXS606 4G LTE/5GNR Antenna – Outdoor, pole or wall mount Omni Directional High Gain Antenna 5dBi Peak Gain – works with all GSM, 2G, 3G, UMTS, LTE, 4G, 5G Devices – supplied with stainless steel wall bracket and pre-terminated with 1m cable with SMA Male connector. Ideal for use with our 4G and 5G Routers.
Install this antenna outdoors where you have a 2G/3G/4G/5G mobile network service and connect to your 4G/5G Router for superb performance.
The Fullband® GXS606 is a wall mounted antenna offering excellent mechanical strength coupled with industry leading electrical characteristics making it an excellent choice for use in areas and environments where reliability is paramount.
Fullband GXS606 is a PENTABAND Antenna covering 2G, 3G, 4G & 5G mobile network frequencies and offering excellent radio performance with 5dBi Peak gain. The GXS606 5G Antenna is supplied with a Stainless Steel Wall mounting bracket and 1 m cable with SMA/M connector to easily connect to our 4G and 5G routers.
GXS606 Antenna Specification
Key Technical Features
-Omni-Directional 4G LTE/5GNR-617MHz – 5925MHz (617-960,1427-2690, 3300-5000,5150-5925 MHz)
-Peak Gain 5dBi
-IP67 rated
-Wall Mount
-Linear Polarisation
-Connector Type: SMA Male
-Cable Length: 1.00m
-Dimensions: 325 x 36 x 155mm
Electrical and Antenna Characteristics
Polarisation: Linear
Frequency: 617-5925 MHz (617-960, 1427-2690 , 3300-5000, 5150-5925MHz)
Peak Gain: 5dBi
Power Handling: 35W
Impedance: 50W
Radiation Pattern: Omni-Directional
Max Input Power (W): 35
Connector Type: SMA-Male
Cable Length: 1 m
Cable Type: LL195
Standards: 5G/4G/3G/2G
Environmental and Mechanical Specifications
Dimensions (mm): 325 x 36 x 155mm
Radome: ABS
Ground plane independent
Operating Temp (°C): -40 to +85
Storage Temp (°C): -40 to +85
Mounting Type: Wall mountable
Compliance: RoHS
There are no reviews yet.
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www_offshoretechnologies_net_services_training-offshore-technologies_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4025
TRAINING
Offshore Technologies trains its engineers in-house with online and hand on skills trainings.
Our training center is well equiped with diverse antennas that assure any trainee is fully skilled to install and troubleshoot any type of 3-axis stabilized antennas.
Our training cover below modules:
Our training center is well equiped with diverse antennas that assure any trainee is fully skilled to install and troubleshoot any type of 3-axis stabilized antennas.
Our training cover below modules:
- Satellite communications: a brief history
- Basic satellite communications theory
- The 3-axis marine stabilised antenna system
- Overview of common land & marine VSAT antenna hardware
- Targeting and tracking satellites
- Common Antenna Control Unit Operation
- Common Modem operation: iDirect/Comtech/Newtec
- Operation via common software and browser interface
- Analysing signals with a spectrum analyser
- Common maintenance and admin tasks
- Common VSAT troubleshooting exercices
- L-Band communications solutions
|
wiki_archlinux_org_title_Wireless_Setup___C4_8Cesky_
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
|
SIMILARITY: 0.4302
Network configuration/Wireless
The main article on network configuration is Network configuration.
Configuring wireless is a two-part process; the first part is to identify and ensure the correct driver for your wireless device is installed (they are available on the installation media, but often have to be installed explicitly), and to configure the interface. The second is choosing a method of managing wireless connections. This article covers both parts, and provides additional links to wireless management tools.
The #iw section describes how to manually manage your wireless network interface / your wireless LANs using iw. The Network configuration#Network managers section describes several programs that can be used to automatically manage your wireless interface, some of which include a GUI and all of which include support for network profiles (useful when frequently switching wireless networks, like with laptops).
Device driver
The default Arch Linux kernel is modular, meaning many of the drivers for machine hardware reside on the hard drive and are available as modules. At boot, udev takes an inventory of your hardware and loads appropriate modules (drivers) for your corresponding hardware, which will in turn allow creation of a network interface.
Some wireless chipsets also require firmware, in addition to a corresponding driver. Many firmware images are provided by the linux-firmware package; however, proprietary firmware images are not included and have to be installed separately. This is described in #Installing driver/firmware.
Check the driver status
To check if the driver for your card has been loaded, check the output of the lspci -k
or lsusb -v
command, depending on if the card is connected by PCI(e) or USB. You should see that some kernel driver is in use, for example:
$ lspci -k
06:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation WiFi Link 5100 Subsystem: Intel Corporation WiFi Link 5100 AGN Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi Kernel modules: iwlwifi
- If the card is a USB device, running
dmesg | grep usbcore
as root should give something likeusbcore: registered new interface driver rtl8187
as output. - If you do not see the card at all, it may not be seated/plugged in properly in its PCI(e) slot/USB port. Try re-plugging it in.
Also check the output of the ip link
command to see if a wireless interface was created; usually the naming of the wireless network interfaces starts with the letters "wl", e.g. wlan0
or wlp2s0
. Then bring the interface up with:
# ip link set interface up
For example, assuming the interface is wlan0
, this is ip link set wlan0 up
.
- If you get errors like
RTNETLINK answers: Operation not possible due to RF-kill
, make sure that the device is not hard-blocked or soft-blocked. See #Rfkill caveat for details. - If you get the error message
SIOCSIFFLAGS: No such file or directory
, it most certainly means that your wireless chipset requires a firmware to function.
Check kernel messages for firmware being loaded:
# dmesg | grep firmware
[ 7.148259] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: loaded firmware version 39.30.4.1 build 35138 op_mode iwldvm
If there is no relevant output, check the messages for the full output for the module you identified earlier (iwlwifi
in this example) to identify the relevant message or further issues:
# dmesg | grep iwlwifi
[ 12.342694] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X [ 12.353466] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: loaded firmware version 39.31.5.1 build 35138 op_mode iwldvm [ 12.430317] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: CONFIG_IWLWIFI_DEBUG disabled ... [ 12.430341] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Detected Intel(R) Corporation WiFi Link 5100 AGN, REV=0x6B
If the kernel module is successfully loaded and the interface is up, you can skip the next section.
Installing driver/firmware
Check the following lists to discover if your card is supported:
- See the table of existing Linux wireless drivers and follow to the specific driver's page, which contains a list of supported devices. There is also a List of Wi-Fi Device IDs in Linux.
- The Ubuntu Wiki has a good list of wireless cards and whether or not they are supported either in the Linux kernel or by a user-space driver (includes driver name).
- Linux Wireless Support and The Linux Questions' Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) also have a good database of kernel-friendly hardware.
Note that some vendors ship products that may contain different chip sets, even if the product identifier is the same. Only the usb-id (for USB devices) or pci-id (for PCI devices) is authoritative.
If your wireless card is listed above, follow the #Troubleshooting drivers and firmware subsection of this page, which contains information about installing drivers and firmware of some specific wireless cards. Then check the driver status again.
If your wireless card is not listed above, it is likely supported only under Windows (some Broadcom, 3com, etc). For these, you can try to use ndiswrapper.
Utilities
Just like other network interfaces, the wireless ones are controlled with ip from the iproute2 package.
Managing a wireless connection can be accomplished using network manager which will use wpa_supplicant or iwd for wireless authentication, or using wpa_supplicant or iwd directly. For lower level configuring, or if you are using a legacy driver or a legacy authentication method, there are iw and the deprecated wireless_tools.
iw and wireless_tools comparison
| Software | Package | WEXT2 | nl80211 | WEP | WPA/WPA2/WPA3 | Archiso |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| iw | iw | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| wireless_tools1 | wireless_tools | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
- Deprecated.
- Note that some ancient drivers only support WEXT.
The table below gives an overview of comparable commands for iw and wireless_tools. See Replacing iwconfig with iw for more examples.
| iw command | wireless_tools command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| iw dev wlan0 link | iwconfig wlan0 | Getting link status. |
| iw dev wlan0 scan | iwlist wlan0 scan | Scanning for available access points. |
| iw dev wlan0 set type ibss | iwconfig wlan0 mode ad-hoc | Setting the operation mode to ad-hoc. |
| iw dev wlan0 connect your_essid | iwconfig wlan0 essid your_essid | Connecting to open network. |
| iw dev wlan0 connect your_essid 2432 | iwconfig wlan0 essid your_essid freq 2432M | Connecting to open network specifying channel. |
| iw dev wlan0 connect your_essid key 0:your_key | iwconfig wlan0 essid your_essid key your_key | Connecting to WEP encrypted network using hexadecimal key. |
| iwconfig wlan0 essid your_essid key s:your_key | Connecting to WEP encrypted network using ASCII key. | |
| iw dev wlan0 set power_save on | iwconfig wlan0 power on | Enabling power save. |
iw
- Note that most of the commands have to be executed with root permissions. Executed with normal user rights, some of the commands (e.g. iw list) will exit without error but not produce the correct output either, which can be confusing.
- Depending on your hardware and encryption type, some of these steps may not be necessary. Some cards are known to require interface activation and/or access point scanning before being associated to an access point and being given an IP address. Some experimentation may be required. For instance, WPA/WPA2 users may try to directly activate their wireless network from step #Connect to an access point.
Examples in this section assume that your wireless device interface is interface
and that you are connecting to your_essid
Wi-Fi access point. Replace both accordingly.
Get the name of the interface
To get the name of your wireless interface, do:
$ iw dev
The name of the interface will be output after the word "Interface". For example, it is commonly wlan0
.
Get the status of the interface
To check link status, use the following command.
$ iw dev interface link
You can get statistic information, such as the amount of tx/rx bytes, signal strength etc., with the following command:
$ iw dev interface station dump
Activate the interface
Some cards require that the kernel interface be activated before you can use iw or wireless_tools:
# ip link set interface up
RTNETLINK answers: Operation not possible due to RF-kill
, make sure that hardware switch is on. See #Rfkill caveat for details.To verify that the interface is up, inspect the output of the following command:
$ ip link show interface
3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN mode DORMANT group default qlen 1000 link/ether 12:34:56:78:9a:bc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
The UP
in <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>
is what indicates the interface is up, not the later state DOWN
.
Discover access points
To see what access points are available:
# iw dev interface scan | less
Interface does not support scanning
, then you probably forgot to install the firmware. In some cases, this message is also displayed when not running iw as root.The important points to check:
- SSID: the name of the network.
- Signal: is reported in a wireless power ratio in dBm (e.g. from -100 to 0). The closer the negative value gets to zero, the better the signal. Observing the reported power on a good quality link and a bad one should give an idea about the individual range.
- Security: it is not reported directly, check the line starting with
capability
. If there isPrivacy
, for examplecapability: ESS Privacy ShortSlotTime (0x0411)
, then the network is protected somehow.- If you see an
RSN
information block, then the network is protected by Robust Security Network protocol, also known as WPA2. - If you see an
WPA
information block, then the network is protected by Wi-Fi Protected Access protocol. - In the
RSN
andWPA
blocks, you may find the following information:- Group cipher: value in TKIP, CCMP, both, others.
- Pairwise ciphers: value in TKIP, CCMP, both, others. Not necessarily the same value than Group cipher.
- Authentication suites: value in PSK, 802.1x, others. For home router, you will usually find PSK (i.e. passphrase). In universities, you are more likely to find 802.1x suite which requires login and password. Then you will need to know which key management is in use (e.g. EAP), and what encapsulation it uses (e.g. PEAP). See #WPA2 Enterprise and Wikipedia:Authentication protocol for details.
- If you see neither
RSN
norWPA
blocks but there isPrivacy
, then WEP is used.
- If you see an
Set operating mode
You might need to set the proper operating mode of the wireless card. More specifically, if you are going to connect an ad-hoc network, you need to set the operating mode to ibss
:
# iw dev interface set type ibss
ip link set interface down
).iw interface set type ap
) you will get an error like this:
You need to run a management daemon, e.g. hostapd, see https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/documentation/hostapd for more information on how to do that.This can be bypassed by changing the operating mode to
__ap
(iw interface set type __ap
). [1]Connect to an access point
Depending on the encryption, you need to associate your wireless device with the access point to use and pass the encryption key:
- No encryption
# iw dev interface connect "your_essid"
- WEP
- using a hexadecimal or ASCII key (the format is distinguished automatically, because a WEP key has a fixed length):
# iw dev interface connect "your_essid" key 0:your_key
- using a hexadecimal or ASCII key, specifying the third set up key as default (keys are counted from zero, four are possible):
# iw dev interface connect "your_essid" key d:2:your_key
- using a hexadecimal or ASCII key (the format is distinguished automatically, because a WEP key has a fixed length):
- Other
- iw can only handle WEP. To connect using other encryption schemes, see the section on #Authentication below.
Regardless of the method used, you can check if you have associated successfully:
# iw dev interface link
Authentication
There are mainly two options for Wi-Fi authentication on Linux: wpa_supplicant and iwd.
WPA2 Personal
WPA2 Personal, a.k.a. WPA2-PSK, is a mode of Wi-Fi Protected Access.
You can authenticate to WPA2 Personal networks using wpa_supplicant or iwd, or connect using a network manager. If you only authenticated to the network, then to have a fully functional connection, you will still need to assign the IP address(es) and routes either manually or using a DHCP client.
WPA2 Enterprise
WPA2 Enterprise is a mode of Wi-Fi Protected Access. It provides better security and key management than WPA2 Personal, and supports other enterprise-type functionality, such as VLANs and NAP. However, it requires an external authentication server, called RADIUS server, to handle the authentication of users. This is in contrast to Personal mode which does not require anything beyond the wireless router or access points (APs), and uses a single passphrase or password for all users.
The Enterprise mode enables users to log onto the Wi-Fi network with a username and password and/or a digital certificate. Since each user has a dynamic and unique encryption key, it also helps to prevent user-to-user snooping on the wireless network, and improves encryption strength.
This section describes the configuration of network clients to connect to a wireless access point with WPA2 Enterprise mode. See Software access point#RADIUS for information on setting up an access point itself.
For a comparison of protocols, see the following table.
MS-CHAPv2
WPA2-Enterprise wireless networks demanding MSCHAPv2 type-2 authentication with PEAP sometimes require pptpclient in addition to the stock ppp package. netctl seems to work out of the box without ppp-mppe, however. In either case, usage of MSCHAPv2 is discouraged as it is highly vulnerable, although using another method is usually not an option.
eduroam
eduroam is an international roaming service for users in research, higher education and further education, based on WPA2 Enterprise.
- Check connection details first with your institution before applying any profiles listed in this section. Example profiles are not guaranteed to work or match any security requirements.
- When storing connection profiles unencrypted, it is recommended restrict read access to the root account by specifying
chmod 600 profile
as root. - If authentication keeps failing with NetworkManager, try setting
phase1-auth-flags=32
for TLS 1.0 orphase1-auth-flags=64
for TLS 1.1, as described in [2] and NetworkManager#WPA Enterprise connections fail to authenticate with OpenSSL "unsupported protocol" error.
Manual/automatic setup
- wpa_supplicant can be configured directly by its configuration file or using its CLI/GUI front ends and used in combination with a DHCP client. See the examples in
/usr/share/doc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
for configuring the connection details. - iwd#WPA Enterprise
- NetworkManager can create WPA2 Enterprise profiles with nmcli, nmtui or the graphical front ends.
- ConnMan needs a separate configuration file before connecting to the network. See connman-service.config(5) and ConnMan#Connecting to eduroam (802.1X) for details.
- netctl supports wpa_supplicant configuration through blocks included with
WPAConfigSection=
. See netctl.profile(5) for details.
- Note: Special quoting rules apply: see netctl.profile(5) § SPECIAL QUOTING RULES.
- Tip: Custom certificates can be specified by adding the line
'ca_cert="/path/to/special/certificate.cer"'
inWPAConfigSection
.
WPA3 Personal
WPA3 Personal, a.k.a. WPA3-SAE, is a mode of Wi-Fi Protected Access.
Both wpa_supplicant and iwd support WPA3 Personal.
WPA3 Enterprise
WPA3 Enterprise is a mode of Wi-Fi Protected Access.
wpa_supplicant (since version 2:2.10-8) supports WPA3 Enterprise. See FS#65314.
Tips and tricks
Respecting the regulatory domain
The regulatory domain, or "regdomain", is used to reconfigure wireless drivers to make sure that wireless hardware usage complies with local laws set by the FCC, ETSI and other organizations. Regdomains use ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country codes. For example, the regdomain of the United States would be "US", China would be "CN", etc.
Regdomains affect the availability of wireless channels. In the 2.4GHz band, the allowed channels are 1-11 for the US, 1-14 for Japan, and 1-13 for most of the rest of the world. In the 5GHz band, the rules for allowed channels are much more complex. In either case, consult this list of WLAN channels for more detailed information.
Regdomains also affect the limit on the effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) from wireless devices. This is derived from transmit power/"tx power", and is measured in dBm/mBm (1dBm=100mBm) or mW (log scale). In the 2.4GHz band, the maximum is 30dBm in the US and Canada, 20dBm in most of Europe, and 20dBm-30dBm for the rest of the world. In the 5GHz band, maximums are usually lower. Consult the wireless-regdb for more detailed information (EIRP dBm values are in the second set of brackets for each line).
Misconfiguring the regdomain can be useful - for example, by allowing use of an unused channel when other channels are crowded, or by allowing an increase in tx power to widen transmitter range. However, this is not recommended as it could break local laws and cause interference with other radio devices.
The kernel loads the database directly when wireless-regdb is installed. For direct loading, the kernel should, for security's sake, be configured with CONFIG_CFG80211_USE_KERNEL_REGDB_KEYS
set to yes to allow for cryptographic verification of the database. This is true of the stock Arch kernel, but if you are using an alternate kernel, or compiling your own, you should verify this. More information is available at this guide[dead link 2024-07-30 ⓘ].
To configure the regdomain, install wireless-regdb and reboot, then edit /etc/conf.d/wireless-regdom
and uncomment the appropriate domain.
The current regdomain can be temporarily set to the United States with:
# iw reg set US
And queried with:
$ iw reg get
However, setting the regdomain may not alter your settings. Some devices have a regdomain set in firmware/EEPROM, which dictates the limits of the device, meaning that setting regdomain in software can only increase restrictions, not decrease them. For example, a CN device could be set in software to the US regdomain, but because CN has an EIRP maximum of 20dBm, the device will not be able to transmit at the US maximum of 30dBm.
For example, to see if the regdomain is being set in firmware for an Atheros device:
# dmesg | grep ath:
For other chipsets, it may help to search for "EEPROM", "regdomain", or simply the name of the device driver.
To see if your regdomain change has been successful, and to query the number of available channels and their allowed transmit power:
$ iw list | grep -A 15 Frequencies:
wpa_supplicant can also use a regdomain in the country=
line of /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
.
It is also possible to configure the cfg80211 kernel module to use a specific regdomain by adding, for example, options cfg80211 ieee80211_regdom=JP
as module options. The module option is inherited from the old regulatory implementation and in modern kernels act as a userspace regulatory hint as if it came through nl80211
through utilities like iw
and wpa_supplicant
.
Rfkill caveat
Many laptops have a hardware button (or switch) to turn off the wireless card; however, the card can also be blocked by the kernel. This can be handled by rfkill(8). To show the current status:
$ rfkill
ID TYPE DEVICE SOFT HARD 0 bluetooth hci0 unblocked unblocked 1 wlan phy0 unblocked unblocked
If the card is hard-blocked, use the hardware button (switch) to unblock it. If the card is not hard-blocked but soft-blocked, use the following command:
# rfkill unblock wlan
rfkill
kernel module.Hardware buttons to toggle wireless cards are handled by a vendor specific kernel module. Frequently, these are WMI modules. Particularly for very new hardware models, it happens that the model is not fully supported in the latest stable kernel yet. In this case, it often helps to search the kernel bug tracker for information and report the model to the maintainer of the respective vendor kernel module, if it has not happened already.
See also [3].
Power saving
See Power saving#Network interfaces.
Troubleshooting
This section contains general troubleshooting tips, not strictly related to problems with drivers or firmware. For such topics, see next section #Troubleshooting drivers and firmware.
Temporary internet access
If you have problematic hardware and need internet access to, for example, download some software or get help in forums, you can make use of Android's built-in feature for internet sharing via USB cable. See Android tethering#USB tethering for more information.
Observing logs
A good first measure to troubleshoot is to analyze the system's logfiles first. In order not to manually parse through them all, it can help to open a second terminal/console window and watch the kernels messages with
# dmesg -w
while performing the action, e.g. the wireless association attempt.
When using a tool for network management, the same can be done for systemd with
# journalctl -f
Frequently, a wireless error is accompanied by a deauthentication with a particular reason code, for example:
wlan0: deauthenticating from XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX by local choice (reason=3)
Looking up the reason code might give a first hint. Maybe it also helps you to look at the control message flowchart, the journal messages will follow it.
The individual tools used in this article further provide options for more detailed debugging output, which can be used in a second step of the analysis, if required.
Failed to get IP address
- If you can get an IP address for a wired interface and not for a wireless interface, try disabling the wireless card's power saving features (specify
off
instead ofon
).
- If you get a timeout error due to a waiting for carrier problem, then you might have to set the channel mode to
auto
for the specific device:
# iwconfig wlan0 channel auto
Before changing the channel to auto, make sure your wireless interface is down. After it has successfully changed it, you can bring the interface up again and continue from there.
Valid IP address but cannot resolve host
If you are on a public wireless network that may have a captive portal, make sure to query an HTTP page (not an HTTPS page) from your web browser, as some captive portals only redirect HTTP. If this is not the issue, check if you can resolve domain names, it may be necessary to use the DNS server advertised via DHCP.
Setting RTS and fragmentation thresholds
Wireless hardware disables RTS and fragmentation by default. These are two different methods of increasing throughput at the expense of bandwidth (i.e. reliability at the expense of speed). These are useful in environments with wireless noise or many adjacent access points, which may create interference leading to timeouts or failing connections.
Packet fragmentation improves throughput by splitting up packets with size exceeding the fragmentation threshold. The maximum value (2346) effectively disables fragmentation since no packet can exceed it. The minimum value (256) maximizes throughput, but may carry a significant bandwidth cost.
# iw phy0 set frag 512
RTS improves throughput by performing a handshake with the access point before transmitting packets with size exceeding the RTS threshold. The maximum threshold (2347) effectively disables RTS since no packet can exceed it. The minimum threshold (0) enables RTS for all packets, which is probably excessive for most situations.
# iw phy0 set rts 500
phy0
is the name of the wireless device as listed by iw phy
.Random disconnections
Cause #1
If your journal says wlan0: deauthenticating from MAC by local choice (reason=3)
and you lose your Wi-Fi connection, it is likely that you have a bit too aggressive power-saving on your Wi-Fi card. Try disabling the wireless card's power saving features (specify off
instead of on
).
If your card does not support enabling/disabling power save mode, check the BIOS for power management options. Disabling PCI-Express power management in the BIOS of a Lenovo W520 resolved this issue.
Cause #2
If you are experiencing frequent disconnections and your journal shows messages such as
ieee80211 phy0: wlan0: No probe response from AP xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx after 500ms, disconnecting
try changing the channel bandwidth to 20MHz
through your router's settings page.
Cause #3
On some laptop models with hardware rfkill switches (e.g., Thinkpad X200 series), due to wear or bad design, the switch (or its connection to the mainboard) might become loose over time resulting in seemingly random hardblocks/disconnects when you accidentally touch the switch or move the laptop. There is no software solution to this, unless your switch is electrical and the BIOS offers the option to disable the switch. If your switch is mechanical (and most are), there are lots of possible solutions, most of which aim to disable the switch: Soldering the contact point on the mainboard or Wi-Fi card, gluing or blocking the switch, using a screw nut to tighten the switch or removing it altogether.
Cause #4
Another cause for frequent disconnects or a complete failure to connect may also be a sub-standard router, incomplete settings of the router, interference by other wireless devices or low quality signal.
To troubleshoot, first try to connect to the router with no authentication and by getting closer to it. If it does not work, reboot the router and try with another device first.
If that works, enable WPA/WPA2 again but choose fixed and/or limited router settings. For example:
- If the router is considerably older than the wireless device you use for the client, test if it works with setting the router to one wireless mode.
- Disable mixed-mode authentication (e.g. only WPA2 with AES, or TKIP if the router is old).
- Try a fixed/free channel rather than "auto" channel (maybe the router next door is old and interfering).
- Disable WPS.
- Change the router's 5 GHz channel(s) to a non-DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) channel. Connections on such channels may be dropped or suddenly switched due to interference from nearby weather radar.
- Try setting your client to 2.4 GHz only instead of letting it choose what it thinks is best between 5 GHz and 2.4 GHz (the later has a lower throughput but will provide a more stable connection over longer distances).
- Disable
40MHz
channel bandwidth (lower throughput but less likely collisions) withcfg80211.cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz=1
. - If the router has quality of service settings, check completeness of settings (e.g. Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) is part of optional QoS flow control. An erroneous router firmware may advertise its existence although the setting is not enabled).
Cause #5
On some wireless network adapters (e.g. Qualcomm Atheros AR9485), random disconnects can happen with a DMA error:
# journalctl -xb
ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x0000a400 wlp1s0: authenticate with 56:e7:ee:7b:55:bc wlp1s0: send auth to 56:e7:ee:7b:55:bc (try 1/3) wlp1s0: send auth to 56:e7:ee:7b:55:bc (try 2/3) wlp1s0: send auth to 56:e7:ee:7b:55:bc (try 3/3) wlp1s0: authentication with 56:e7:ee:7b:55:bc timed out
A possible workaround is to disable the Intel IOMMU driver (DMA), adding intel_iommu=off
to the kernel parameters [4].
Cause #6
If you are using a device with iwlwifi
and iwlmvm
for wireless connectivity, and your Wi-Fi card appears to disappear when on battery power (perhaps after a reboot or resuming from suspend), this can be fixed by configuring power saving settings in iwlmvm.
Create the file /etc/modprobe.d/iwlmvm.conf
if it does not exist already, then add the following line to it:
/etc/modprobe.d/iwlmvm.conf
options iwlmvm power_scheme=1
A power_scheme
of 1 sets iwlmvm to "Always Active." Available options are:
| Value | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Always Active |
| 2 | Balanced |
| 3 | Low-power |
This fix was discovered at [5].
Cause #7
If your device undergoes long periods of inactivity (e.g. a file server), the disconnection may be due to power saving, which will block incoming traffic and prevent connections. Try disabling power saving for the interface:
# iw dev interface set power_save off
You can create a udev rule to do this on boot, see Power management#Network interfaces.
Cause #8
If you notice occasional interruptions when connected to a mesh network (e.g., Wi-Fi 6) and notice a message such as:
# journalctl -b
kernel: wlan0: disconnect from AP aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff for new auth to 11:22:33:44:55:66
You are experiencing roaming issues. Depending on your mean of connection and the issue at hand, one could:
- Lock the BSSID (the
aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff
show above) in NetworkManager if roaming is not desired (see NetworkManager#Regular network disconnects, latency and lost packets (Wi-Fi)). - Adjust the
bgscan
setting in Wpa_supplicant#Roaming
Wi-Fi networks invisible because of incorrect regulatory domain
If the computer's Wi-Fi channels do not match those of the user's country, some in-range Wi-Fi networks might be invisible because they use wireless channels that are not allowed by default. The solution is to configure the regulatory domain correctly; see #Respecting the regulatory domain.
Troubleshooting drivers and firmware
This section covers methods and procedures for installing kernel modules and firmware for specific chipsets, that differ from generic method.
See Kernel modules for general information on operations with modules.
Ralink/Mediatek
rt2x00
Unified driver for Ralink chipsets (it replaces rt2500
, rt61
, rt73
, etc). This driver has been in the Linux kernel since 2.6.24, you only need to load the right module for the chip: rt2400pci
, rt2500pci
, rt2500usb
, rt61pci
or rt73usb
which will autoload the respective rt2x00
modules too.
A list of devices supported by the modules is available at the project's homepage.
- Additional notes
- Since kernel 3.0, rt2x00 includes also these drivers:
rt2800pci
,rt2800usb
. - Since kernel 3.0, the staging drivers
rt2860sta
andrt2870sta
are replaced by the mainline driversrt2800pci
andrt2800usb
[6]. - Some devices have a wide range of options that can be configured with
iwpriv
. These are documented in the source tarballs available from Ralink.
rt3090
For devices which use the rt3090 chipset, it should be possible to use the rt2800pci
driver; however, it does not work with this chipset very well (e.g. sometimes it is not possible to use higher rate than 2Mb/s).
rt3290
The rt3290 chipset is recognised by the kernel rt2800pci
module. However, some users experience problems and reverting to a patched Ralink driver seems to be beneficial in these cases.
rt3573
New chipset as of 2012. It may require proprietary drivers from Ralink. Different manufacturers use it; see the Belkin N750 DB wireless usb adapter forums thread.
mt7612u
New chipset as of 2014, released under their new commercial name Mediatek. It is an AC1200 or AC1300 chipset. Manufacturer provides drivers for Linux on their support page. As of kernel 5.5 it should be supported by the included mt76
driver.
DFS channels are currently not supported in 5 GHz AP mode.
mt7921
There are some high latency problems with these MediaTek chipsets. To fix this, the only solution is to disable ASPM:
/etc/modprobe.d/wifi.conf
options mt7921e disable_aspm=1
This configuration file will take effect on next reboot or after reloading the module with modprobe:
# modprobe -r mt7921e && modprobe mt7921e
Realtek
See [7] for a list of Realtek chipsets and specifications.
rtl8192cu
The driver is now in the kernel, but many users have reported being unable to make a connection although scanning for networks does work.
8192cu-dkmsAUR includes many patches; try this if it does not work fine with the driver in kernel.
rtl8723ae/rtl8723be
The rtl8723ae
and rtl8723be
modules are included in the mainline Linux kernel.
Some users may encounter errors with powersave on this card. This is shown with occasional disconnects that are not recognized by high level network managers (netctl, NetworkManager). This error can be confirmed by running dmesg -w
as root or journalctl -f
as root and looking for output related to powersave and the rtl8723ae
/rtl8723be
module. If you have this issue, use the fwlps=0
kernel module parameter which should prevent the Wi-Fi card from automatically sleeping and halting connection.
If you have poor signal, perhaps your device has only one physical antenna connected, and antenna autoselection is broken. You can force the choice of antenna with ant_sel=1
or ant_sel=2
kernel option. [8]
rtl88xxau
Realtek chipsets rtl8811au, rtl8812au, rtl8814au and rtl8821au designed for various USB adapters ranging from AC600 to AC1900. Several packages provide various kernel drivers, these require DKMS (the dkms package and the kernel headers installed):
| Chipset | Package | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| rtl8811au, rtl8812au, rtl8821au | rtl88xxau-aircrack-dkms-gitAUR | Aircrack-ng kernel module for 8811au, 8812au and 8821au chipsets with monitor mode and injection support. |
| rtl8812au | rtl8812au-dkms-gitAUR | Latest official Realtek driver version for rtl8812au only. |
| rtl8811au, rtl8821au | rtl8821au-dkms-gitAUR | Newer driver version for rtl8821au. |
| rtl8814au | rtl8814au-dkms-gitAUR | Possibly works for rtl8813au too. |
rtl8811cu/rtl8821cu
rtl8821cu-dkms-gitAUR provides a kernel module for the Realtek 8811cu and 8821cu chipset.
This requires DKMS, so make sure you have your proper kernel headers installed.
If no wireless interface shows up even though the 8821cu
module is loaded, you may need to manually specify the rtw_RFE_type
kernel module parameter [9][10]. Try e.g. rtw_RFE_type=0x26
, other values might also work.
rtl8821ce
rtl8821ce-dkms-gitAUR provides a kernel module for the Realtek 8821ce chipset found in the Asus X543UA.
This requires DKMS, so make sure you have your proper kernel headers installed.
rtl8821ce
module provided by Realtek is broken for Linux kernel ≥ 5.9, which may lead to low connectivity. The AUR version above should be preferred. See the statement on GitHub. Use lspci -k
to check whether the default kernel driver (rtw88_8821ce
) is in use. If it is, blacklist it and reboot your system.rtl8822bu
rtl88x2bu-dkms-gitAUR provides a kernel module for the Realtek 8822bu chipset found in the Edimax EW7822ULC USB3, Asus AC53 Nano USB 802.11ac and TP-Link Archer T3U adapter.
This requires DKMS, so make sure you have your proper kernel headers installed.
rtl8xxxu
Issues with the rtl8xxxu
mainline kernel module may be solved by compiling a third-party module for the specific chipset. The source code can be found in GitHub repositories.
Some drivers may be already prepared in the AUR, e.g. rtl8723bu-dkms-gitAUR.
RTW88
RWT88 kernel module is included in all officially supported Arch Linux kernels. The number of supported devices grew over time, currently it supports most RTW88 chip devices if configured and compiled to do so.
As of Linux 6.10.3, the driver supports: 882BE (possibly), 8703B, 8723CS, 8723D, 8723DE, 8723DS, 8723DU, 8723X, 8821C, 8821CE, 8821CS, 8821CU, 8822B, 8822BE, 8822BS, 8822BU, 8822C, 8822CE, 8822CS, 8822CU.
To get more up-to-date list, Ctrl+F CONFIG_RTW88_
linux's config or check out wireless-next upstream.
Make sure that wireless-regdom is configured. Otherwise, you will be able to see all Wi-Fi networks, but will not be able to connect. Out-of-tree driver rtl88x2bu-dkms-gitAUR can connect without such configuration, so it's important to set regulatory domain when switching from it.
Here is how those symptoms look in dmesg:
[ +13.369951] wlan0: send auth to *WiFi_AP_mac* (try 1/3) [ +0.000685] wlan0: authenticated [ +0.000449] wlan0: associate with *WiFi_AP_mac* (try 1/3) [ +0.000866] wlan0: RX AssocResp from *router_mac* (capab=0x1011 status=0 aid=2) [ +0.323058] wlan0: associated [ +0.000046] wlan0: deauthenticating from *WiFi_AP_mac* by local choice (Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING)
And in iwd log:
event: state, old: autoconnect_full, new: connecting event: connect-timeout, reason: 0 event: connect-failed, status: 1
RTW89
The RTW89 kernel module has been merged into the upstream kernel and provides support for newer Realtek wireless chipsets.
This driver supports: 8852AE, 8851BE, 8852BE, and 8852CE.
On some computers, you may experience unstable connections. It seems like a common issue on late models from HP and Lenovo. Try disabling ASPM-related features using the config below.
/etc/modprobe.d/70-rtw89.conf
options rtw89_pci disable_aspm_l1=y disable_aspm_l1ss
See also:
- https://github.com/lwfinger/rtw89#option-configuration
- https://github.com/lwfinger/rtw89/issues/275#issuecomment-1784155449
Atheros
There are different drivers for devices with Atheros chipset:
ath5k
is a driver which replaces the obsoletemadwifi
driver. Currently a better choice for some chipsets, but not all chipsets are supported (see below).ath9k
is intended for newer Atheros chipsets. All of the chips with 802.11n capabilities are supported.ath12k
is a Linux driver for Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 (IEEE 802.11be) devices. ath12k uses mac80211.
There are some other drivers for some Atheros devices. See Linux Wireless documentation for details.
ath5k
External resources:
If you find web pages randomly loading very slow, or if the device is unable to lease an IP address, try to switch from hardware to software encryption by loading the ath5k
module with nohwcrypt=1
option. See Kernel modules#Setting module options for details.
Some laptops may have problems with their wireless LED indicator flickering red and blue. To solve this problem, do:
# echo none > /sys/class/leds/ath5k-phy0::tx/trigger # echo none > /sys/class/leds/ath5k-phy0::rx/trigger
For alternatives, see this bug report.
ath9k
External resources:
As of Linux 3.15.1, some users have been experiencing a decrease in bandwidth. In some cases, this can fixed by setting the nohwcrypt=1
kernel module parameter for the ath9k
module.
lsmod
to see what modules are in use and change ath9k
if it is named differently (e.g. ath9k_htc
).Power saving
Although Linux Wireless says that dynamic power saving is enabled for Atheros ath9k single-chips newer than AR9280, for some devices (e.g. AR9285), powertop might still report that power saving is disabled. In this case, enable it manually.
On some devices (e.g. AR9285), enabling the power saving might result in the following error:
# iw dev wlan0 set power_save on
command failed: Operation not supported (-95)
The solution is to set the ps_enable=1
kernel module parameter for the ath9k
module.
Intel
iwlegacy
iwlegacy is the wireless driver for Intel's 3945 and 4965 wireless chips. The firmware is included in the linux-firmware package.
udev should load the driver automatically, otherwise load iwl3945
or iwl4965
manually. See Kernel modules for details.
If you have problems connecting to networks in general (e.g. random failures with your card on bootup or your link quality is very poor), try to disable 802.11n:
/etc/modprobe.d/iwl4965.conf
options iwl4965 11n_disable=1
iwlwifi
iwlwifi is the wireless driver for Intel's current wireless chips, such as 5100AGN, 5300AGN, and 5350AGN. See the full list of supported devices.
If you have problems connecting to networks in general or your link quality is very poor, try to disable 802.11n, and perhaps also enable software encryption:
/etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
options iwlwifi 11n_disable=1 swcrypto=1
If you have a problem with slow uplink speed you may try disabling power saving for your wireless adapter.
If you have an 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6) access point and have problems detecting the beacons or an unreliable connection, review Intel Article 54799.
11n_disable=1
will also prevent 802.11ac and only allow connection with slower protocols (802.11a in the 5GHz band or 802.11b/g in the 2.4 GHz band).Bluetooth coexistence
If you have difficulty connecting a bluetooth headset and maintaining good downlink speed, try disabling Bluetooth coexistence:
/etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf
options iwlwifi bt_coex_active=0
bt_coex_active
and sw_crypto
module options have been disabled for the hardware handled by the iwlmvm
kernel module. For older hardware handled by the iwldvm
module, the options are still enabled.Firmware issues
You may have some issue where the driver outputs stack traces & errors, which can cause some stuttering.
# dmesg
Microcode SW error detected. Restarting 0x2000000.
Alternatively, you may simply experience miscellaneous issues (e.g. connection issues on 5GHz, random disconnections, no connection on resume).
To confirm it is the cause of the issues, downgrade the package linux-firmware.
If confirmed, move the buggy firmware files so that an older version is loaded (to be able to have an up to date linux-firmware since it is not only providing firmware updates for your Intel Wi-Fi card):
# for i in {64..73} ; do mv /usr/lib/firmware/iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0-$i.ucode.xz /usr/lib/firmware/iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0-$i.ucode.xz.bak ; done
To avoid having to repeat these steps manually after each update, use the NoExtract array in pacman.conf
with a wildcard to block their installation.
Adapter not detected after booting from Windows
If the Wi-Fi adapter is not getting detected after finishing a session in Windows, this might be due to Windows' Fast Startup feature which is enabled by default. Try disabling Fast Startup. The iwlwifi kernel driver wiki has an entry for this.
Disabling LED blink
iwlegacy
and iwlwifi
drivers.The default settings on the module are to have the LED blink on activity. Some people find this extremely annoying. To have the LED on solid when Wi-Fi is active, you can use the systemd-tmpfiles:
/etc/tmpfiles.d/phy0-led.conf
w /sys/class/leds/phy0-led/trigger - - - - phy0radio
Run systemd-tmpfiles --create phy0-led.conf
for the change to take effect, or reboot.
To see all the possible trigger values for this LED:
# cat /sys/class/leds/phy0-led/trigger
/sys/class/leds/phy0-led
, you may try to use the led_mode="1"
module option. It should be valid for both iwlwifi
and iwlegacy
drivers.Broadcom
See Broadcom wireless.
Other drivers/devices
Tenda w322u
Treat this Tenda card as an rt2870sta
device. See #rt2x00.
orinoco
This should be a part of the kernel package and be installed already.
Some Orinoco chipsets are Hermes II. You can use the wlags49_h2_cs
driver instead of orinoco_cs
and gain WPA support. To use the driver, blacklist orinoco_cs
first.
prism54
The driver p54
is included in kernel, but you have to download the appropriate firmware for your card from this site and install it into the /usr/lib/firmware
directory.
prism54
, which might conflict with the newer driver (p54pci
or p54usb
). Make sure to blacklist prism54
.zd1211rw
zd1211rw is a driver for the ZyDAS ZD1211 802.11b/g USB WLAN chipset, and it is included in recent versions of the Linux kernel. See [12] for a list of supported devices. You only need to install the firmware for the device, provided by the zd1211-firmwareAUR package.
hostap_cs
Host AP is a Linux driver for wireless LAN cards based on Intersil's Prism2/2.5/3 chipset. The driver is included in Linux kernel.
orinico_cs
driver, it may cause problems.ndiswrapper
Ndiswrapper is a wrapper script that allows you to use some Windows drivers in Linux. You will need the .inf and .sys files from your Windows driver.
Follow these steps to configure ndiswrapper.
- Install ndiswrapper.
- Install the driver to
/etc/ndiswrapper/
:# ndiswrapper -i filename.inf
- List all installed drivers for ndiswrapper:
$ ndiswrapper -l
- Let ndiswrapper write its configuration in
/etc/modprobe.d/ndiswrapper.conf
:# ndiswrapper -m
# depmod -a
The ndiswrapper install is almost finished; you can load the module at boot.
Test that ndiswrapper will load now:
# modprobe ndiswrapper
See Network configuration#Listing network interfaces for more assurance the wireless interface now exists.
If you have problems, some help is available at: ndiswrapper howto and ndiswrapper FAQ.
See also
- The Linux Wireless project
- Aircrack-ng guide on installing drivers
- Wireless Device Database Wiki (This fork is hosted by wi-cat.ru since the original wiki has shut down. There are two less complete versions available: TechInfoDepot, deviwiki)
- https://github.com/morrownr/USB-WiFi – various information on different Wi-Fi adapters and chipsets, including performance tests, driver info and general info
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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One day semminar devoted to Design of Reconfigurable Radio Devices and Systems with invited lectures given by professionals from selected companies.
Date and Time
Location
Hosts
Registration
- Date: 21 Oct 2014
- Time: 09:00 AM to 03:10 PM
- All times are (UTC+02:00) Warsaw
- Add Event to Calendar
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mobileone_com_au_1a_index_html
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4188
Welcome
To The Mobile One Website.
The original the best and the most copied antennas in Australia
Designing and Manufacturing Antennas since 1973 Information
Seven Good Reasons !
Why You! - Should Buy - Mobile One Australian Made Antennas!
- Mobile One antennas are all made here at our factory at NSW.
- Mobile One is a small company that has plenty of time for our customers.
- Mobile One since 1973 are designers of many of the original CB antennas
- Mobile One antennas are designed for best performance.
- Mobile One offer a 5 Year Warranty on all of our antennas.
- Mobile One antennas are made with Australian fiberglass.
- Mobile One supports many other local manufacturing businesses.
Mobile One Also has a selection of USED
27Mhz HF Mobile CB Radios
477Mhz UHF Mobile CB Radios
477Mhz UHF Portable CB Radios
120Mhz Airband Portable Radios
Base / Mobile / Hand Held - Scanners
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www_rtl-sdr_com_modifying-a-2-4-ghz-wifi-grid-antenna-for-improved-1-7-ghz-reception-diy-rotator-ins
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wireless_communications__antenna_design
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SIMILARITY: 0.4478
Modifying a 2.4 GHz WiFi Grid Antenna for Improved 1.7 GHz Reception + DIY Rotator Instructions
People have had much success in receiving L-band weather satellites like GOES and polar orbiting HRPT satellites using 2.4 GHz WiFi grid dishes, even though their 1.7 GHz signals are considered out of band for the WiFi grid dish feed. While this works most of the time, reception can be sometimes weak and borderline.
Over on Facebook and usradioguy.com, António Pereira has been sharing his mod which optimizes a 2.4 GHz feed for 1.7 GHz instead. The mod involves removing the enclosure of the feed which requires a heat gun to remove the glue, extending the feed's dipole by soldering on copper extension strips, tuning the dipole with a VNA, and finally tweaking the focal point. This results in an optimized L-band weather satellite antenna.
António Pereira has also shared instructions for creating an antenna rotator from an ESP32, Arduino Nano, two NEMA 23 stepper motors, two stepper controllers, two 50:1 worm gearboxes, and two optical homing switches, as well as power supplies for the motors and circuits. He also shares the Arduino code that he's written.
We also note that we currently are crowd funding for our Discovery Dish, which will be a ready to use satellite dish system for L-band weather satellites, as well as Inmarsat and hydrogen line radio astronomy. Check it out on Crowd Supply.
Hello Antonio – I’m currently trying to set up a GOES receiving station similar to yours. I investigated my dipole inside the black plastic enclosure to see if I can modify it – which I can.
The centre coax lead is soldered to one dipole strip leg and the braid is soldered to the other dipole. What surprised me however, is that both dipole strips are then shorted together by a foil strip at the base This means that they are DC shorted – is that correct? This shorting causes by LNA (Nooelec) to not work. Can I cut the shorting or do I need a DC blocking connector in the antenna feed? – Thanks! John Madden
Hi, I’m the one who built this, I just want to point out that I haven’t written the Arduino code myself as I’m a complete noob in programming, the code is a Satnogs code but there were some modifications done to it with help from people on forums, there were some bug fixes as the original code would have buffer overflows when micro-stepping was implemented. I also found the meridian flip fix on another forum. The code for the ESP32 serial bridge was also found online.
Sources: community.libre.space/t/solved-the-meridian-flip-problem/3266
forum.arduino.cc/t/i-need-help-with-micro-stepping/1189061/59
github.com/yuri-rage/ESP-Serial-Bridge
I don’t want to take credit for other people’s work 🙂
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