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<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6] and a disease [type II diabetes]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6: associations between genetic variability and type II diabetes and between genetic variability and estimates of insulin secretion. - Abstract of the Paper: The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-6 is an upstream regulator of several genes involved in the pathogenesis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. We cloned the coding region as well as the intron-exon boundaries of the HNF-6 gene. We then examined them on genomic DNA in six MODY probands without mutations in the MODY1, MODY3 and MODY4 genes and in 54 patients with late-onset Type II diabetes by combined single strand conformational polymorphism-heteroduplex analysis followed by direct sequencing of identified variants. An identified missense variant was examined in association studies and genotype-phenotype studies. We identified two silent and one missense (Pro75 Ala) variant. In an association study the allelic frequency of the Pro75Ala polymorphism was 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.5) in 330 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus compared with 4.2% (2.4-6.0) in 238 age-matched glucose tolerant control subjects. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6]? [/INST] 1. The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-6 is an upstream regulator of several genes involved in the pathogenesis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. 2. We cloned the coding region as well as the intron-exon boundaries of the HNF-6 gene. 3. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined. 4. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. 5. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6: associations between genetic variability and type II diabetes and between genetic variability and estimates of insulin secretion.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [type II diabetes]? [/INST] 1. The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-6 is an upstream regulator of several genes involved in the pathogenesis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. 2. In an association study the allelic frequency of the Pro75Ala polymorphism was 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.5) in 330 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus compared with 4.2% (2.4-6.0) in 238 age-matched glucose tolerant control subjects. 3. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined. 4. We then examined them on genomic DNA in six MODY probands without mutations in the MODY1, MODY3 and MODY4 genes and in 54 patients with late-onset Type II diabetes by combined single strand conformational polymorphism-heteroduplex analysis followed by direct sequencing of identified variants. 5. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. 6. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. 7. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6: associations between genetic variability and type II diabetes and between genetic variability and estimates of insulin secretion.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6] and a disease [type II diabetes]? [/INST] 1. The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-6 is an upstream regulator of several genes involved in the pathogenesis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. 2. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. 3. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6: associations between genetic variability and type II diabetes and between genetic variability and estimates of insulin secretion. 4. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6] and the disease [type II diabetes]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [glucose] and a gene or protein [insulin]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6: associations between genetic variability and type II diabetes and between genetic variability and estimates of insulin secretion. - Abstract of the Paper: The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-6 is an upstream regulator of several genes involved in the pathogenesis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. We cloned the coding region as well as the intron-exon boundaries of the HNF-6 gene. We then examined them on genomic DNA in six MODY probands without mutations in the MODY1, MODY3 and MODY4 genes and in 54 patients with late-onset Type II diabetes by combined single strand conformational polymorphism-heteroduplex analysis followed by direct sequencing of identified variants. An identified missense variant was examined in association studies and genotype-phenotype studies. We identified two silent and one missense (Pro75 Ala) variant. In an association study the allelic frequency of the Pro75Ala polymorphism was 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.5) in 330 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus compared with 4.2% (2.4-6.0) in 238 age-matched glucose tolerant control subjects. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [glucose]? [/INST] 1. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. 2. In an association study the allelic frequency of the Pro75Ala polymorphism was 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.5) in 330 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus compared with 4.2% (2.4-6.0) in 238 age-matched glucose tolerant control subjects. 3. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. 4. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [insulin]? [/INST] 1. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. 2. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6: associations between genetic variability and type II diabetes and between genetic variability and estimates of insulin secretion. 3. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. 4. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [glucose] and a gene or protein [insulin]? [/INST] 1. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. 2. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. 3. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [glucose] and the gene or protein [insulin]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [glucose] and a disease [Type II diabetes mellitus]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6: associations between genetic variability and type II diabetes and between genetic variability and estimates of insulin secretion. - Abstract of the Paper: The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-6 is an upstream regulator of several genes involved in the pathogenesis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. We cloned the coding region as well as the intron-exon boundaries of the HNF-6 gene. We then examined them on genomic DNA in six MODY probands without mutations in the MODY1, MODY3 and MODY4 genes and in 54 patients with late-onset Type II diabetes by combined single strand conformational polymorphism-heteroduplex analysis followed by direct sequencing of identified variants. An identified missense variant was examined in association studies and genotype-phenotype studies. We identified two silent and one missense (Pro75 Ala) variant. In an association study the allelic frequency of the Pro75Ala polymorphism was 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.5) in 330 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus compared with 4.2% (2.4-6.0) in 238 age-matched glucose tolerant control subjects. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [glucose]? [/INST] 1. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. 2. In an association study the allelic frequency of the Pro75Ala polymorphism was 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.5) in 330 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus compared with 4.2% (2.4-6.0) in 238 age-matched glucose tolerant control subjects. 3. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. 4. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [Type II diabetes mellitus]? [/INST] 1. The transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-6 is an upstream regulator of several genes involved in the pathogenesis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. 2. In an association study the allelic frequency of the Pro75Ala polymorphism was 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.5) in 330 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus compared with 4.2% (2.4-6.0) in 238 age-matched glucose tolerant control subjects. 3. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined. 4. We then examined them on genomic DNA in six MODY probands without mutations in the MODY1, MODY3 and MODY4 genes and in 54 patients with late-onset Type II diabetes by combined single strand conformational polymorphism-heteroduplex analysis followed by direct sequencing of identified variants. 5. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. 6. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. 7. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-6: associations between genetic variability and type II diabetes and between genetic variability and estimates of insulin secretion.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [glucose] and a disease [Type II diabetes mellitus]? [/INST] 1. We therefore tested the hypothesis that variability in the HNF-6 gene is associated with subsets of Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and estimates of insulin secretion in glucose tolerant subjects. 2. In an association study the allelic frequency of the Pro75Ala polymorphism was 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.5) in 330 patients with Type II diabetes mellitus compared with 4.2% (2.4-6.0) in 238 age-matched glucose tolerant control subjects. 3. Moreover, in studies of 238 middle-aged glucose tolerant subjects, of 226 glucose tolerant offspring of Type II diabetic patients and of 367 young healthy subjects, the carriers of the polymorphism did not differ from non-carriers in glucose induced serum insulin or C-peptide responses. 4. Mutations in the coding region of the HNF-6 gene are not associated with Type II diabetes or with changes in insulin responses to glucose among the Caucasians examined.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [glucose] and the disease [Type II diabetes mellitus]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [type II Ca2+-dependent lectin] and a chemical [mannose]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Langerin, a novel C-type lectin specific to Langerhans cells, is an endocytic receptor that induces the formation of Birbeck granules. - Abstract of the Paper: We have identified a type II Ca2+-dependent lectin displaying mannose-binding specificity, exclusively expressed by Langerhans cells (LC), and named Langerin. LC are uniquely characterized by Birbeck granules (BG), which are organelles consisting of superimposed and zippered membranes. Here, we have shown that Langerin is constitutively associated with BG and that antibody to Langerin is internalized into these structures. Remarkably, transfection of Langerin cDNA into fibroblasts created a compact network of membrane structures with typical features of BG. Langerin is thus a potent inducer of membrane superimposition and zippering leading to BG formation. Our data suggest that induction of BG is a consequence of the antigen-capture function of Langerin, allowing routing into these organelles and providing access to a nonclassical antigen-processing pathway. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [type II Ca2+-dependent lectin]? [/INST] 1. Remarkably, transfection of Langerin cDNA into fibroblasts created a compact network of membrane structures with typical features of BG. 2. Our data suggest that induction of BG is a consequence of the antigen-capture function of Langerin, allowing routing into these organelles and providing access to a nonclassical antigen-processing pathway. 3. Langerin is thus a potent inducer of membrane superimposition and zippering leading to BG formation. 4. Langerin, a novel C-type lectin specific to Langerhans cells, is an endocytic receptor that induces the formation of Birbeck granules. 5. Here, we have shown that Langerin is constitutively associated with BG and that antibody to Langerin is internalized into these structures. 6. We have identified a type II Ca2+-dependent lectin displaying mannose-binding specificity, exclusively expressed by Langerhans cells (LC), and named Langerin.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [mannose]? [/INST] 1. We have identified a type II Ca2+-dependent lectin displaying mannose-binding specificity, exclusively expressed by Langerhans cells (LC), and named Langerin.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [type II Ca2+-dependent lectin] and a chemical [mannose]? [/INST] 1. We have identified a type II Ca2+-dependent lectin displaying mannose-binding specificity, exclusively expressed by Langerhans cells (LC), and named Langerin.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [type II Ca2+-dependent lectin] and the chemical [mannose]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Bind</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [breast cancer] and a variant [5382insC]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [breast cancer]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [5382insC]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [breast cancer] and a variant [5382insC]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [breast cancer] and the variant [5382insC]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [breast cancer] and a variant [4153delA]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [breast cancer]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [4153delA]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [breast cancer] and a variant [4153delA]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [breast cancer] and the variant [4153delA]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [breast cancer] and a variant [C61G]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [breast cancer]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [C61G]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [breast cancer] and a variant [C61G]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [breast cancer] and the variant [C61G]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [ovarian cancer] and a variant [5382insC]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [ovarian cancer]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [5382insC]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [ovarian cancer] and a variant [5382insC]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [ovarian cancer] and the variant [5382insC]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [ovarian cancer] and a variant [4153delA]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [ovarian cancer]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [4153delA]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [ovarian cancer] and a variant [4153delA]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [ovarian cancer] and the variant [4153delA]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [ovarian cancer] and a variant [C61G]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [ovarian cancer]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [C61G]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [ovarian cancer] and a variant [C61G]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [ovarian cancer] and the variant [C61G]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [5382insC] and a disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [5382insC]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]? [/INST] 1. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. 2. Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [5382insC] and a disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [5382insC] and the disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [4153delA] and a disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [4153delA]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]? [/INST] 1. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. 2. Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [4153delA] and a disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [4153delA] and the disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [C61G] and a disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [C61G]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]? [/INST] 1. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. 2. Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [C61G] and a disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [C61G] and the disease [breast-ovarian cancer syndrome]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities] and a variant [5382insC]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [5382insC]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities] and a variant [5382insC]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [BRCA1 abnormalities] and the variant [5382insC]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities] and a variant [4153delA]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [4153delA]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities] and a variant [4153delA]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [BRCA1 abnormalities] and the variant [4153delA]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities] and a variant [C61G]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [C61G]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities] and a variant [C61G]? [/INST] 1. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [BRCA1 abnormalities] and the variant [C61G]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [BRCA1] and a disease [breast cancers]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [BRCA1]? [/INST] 1. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. 2. Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. 3. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. 4. We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [breast cancers]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [BRCA1] and a disease [breast cancers]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [BRCA1] and the disease [breast cancers]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [BRCA1] and a disease [ovarian cancer]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [BRCA1]? [/INST] 1. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. 2. Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. 3. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. 4. We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [ovarian cancer]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [BRCA1] and a disease [ovarian cancer]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [BRCA1] and the disease [ovarian cancer]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [BRCA1] and a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [BRCA1]? [/INST] 1. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. 2. Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. 3. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. 4. We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities]? [/INST] 1. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. 2. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively..</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [BRCA1] and a disease [BRCA1 abnormalities]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [BRCA1] and the disease [BRCA1 abnormalities]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [BRCA1] and a disease [breast-ovarian cancer]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. - Abstract of the Paper: We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population. The study group consisted of 66 Polish families with cancer who have at least three related females affected with breast or ovarian cancer and who had cancer diagnosed, in at least one of the three affected females, at age < 50 years. A total of 26 families had both breast and ovarian cancers, 4 families had ovarian cancers only, and 36 families had breast cancers only. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood leukocytes of at least one affected woman from each family. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. Mutations were found in 35 (53%) of the 66 families studied. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 abnormalities were identified in all four families with ovarian cancer only, in 67% of 27 families with both breast and ovarian cancer, and in 34% of 35 families with breast cancer only. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. Seven distinct mutations were identified; five of these occurred in two or more families. In total, recurrent mutations were found in 33 (94%) of the 35 families with detected mutations. Three BRCA1 abnormalities - 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA - accounted for 51%, 20%, and 11% of the identified mutations, respectively.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [BRCA1]? [/INST] 1. All but one of the mutations were detected within the BRCA1 gene. 2. Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer. 3. The entire coding region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was screened for the presence of germline mutations, by use of SSCP followed by direct sequencing of observed variants. 4. We have undertaken a hospital-based study, to identify possible BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in the Polish population.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [breast-ovarian cancer]? [/INST] 1. The single family with a BRCA2 mutation had the breast-ovarian cancer syndrome. 2. Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [BRCA1] and a disease [breast-ovarian cancer]? [/INST] 1. Founder mutations in the BRCA1 gene in Polish families with breast-ovarian cancer.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [BRCA1] and the disease [breast-ovarian cancer]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [levodopa] and a disease [dyskinesias]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Apomorphine: an underutilized therapy for Parkinson's disease. - Abstract of the Paper: Apomorphine was the first dopaminergic drug ever used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. While powerful antiparkinsonian effects had been observed as early as 1951, the potential of treating fluctuating Parkinson's disease by subcutaneous administration of apomorphine has only recently become the subject of systematic study. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings. Continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions can reduce daily off-time by more than 50% in this group of patients, which appears to be a stronger effect than that generally seen with add-on therapy with oral dopamine agonists or COMT inhibitors. Extended follow-up studies of up to 8 years have demonstrated long-term persistence of apomorphine efficacy. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. The main side effects of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment are related to cutaneous tolerability problems, whereas sedation and psychiatric complications play a lesser role. Given the marked degree of efficacy of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment in fluctuating Parkinson's disease, this approach seems to deserve more widespread clinical use. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [levodopa]? [/INST] 1. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. 2. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [dyskinesias]? [/INST] 1. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [levodopa] and a disease [dyskinesias]? [/INST] 1. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [levodopa] and the disease [dyskinesias]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [apomorphine] and a chemical [levodopa]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Apomorphine: an underutilized therapy for Parkinson's disease. - Abstract of the Paper: Apomorphine was the first dopaminergic drug ever used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. While powerful antiparkinsonian effects had been observed as early as 1951, the potential of treating fluctuating Parkinson's disease by subcutaneous administration of apomorphine has only recently become the subject of systematic study. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings. Continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions can reduce daily off-time by more than 50% in this group of patients, which appears to be a stronger effect than that generally seen with add-on therapy with oral dopamine agonists or COMT inhibitors. Extended follow-up studies of up to 8 years have demonstrated long-term persistence of apomorphine efficacy. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. The main side effects of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment are related to cutaneous tolerability problems, whereas sedation and psychiatric complications play a lesser role. Given the marked degree of efficacy of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment in fluctuating Parkinson's disease, this approach seems to deserve more widespread clinical use. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [apomorphine]? [/INST] 1. Given the marked degree of efficacy of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment in fluctuating Parkinson's disease, this approach seems to deserve more widespread clinical use. 2. While powerful antiparkinsonian effects had been observed as early as 1951, the potential of treating fluctuating Parkinson's disease by subcutaneous administration of apomorphine has only recently become the subject of systematic study. 3. Apomorphine was the first dopaminergic drug ever used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 4. The main side effects of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment are related to cutaneous tolerability problems, whereas sedation and psychiatric complications play a lesser role. 5. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. 6. Continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions can reduce daily off-time by more than 50% in this group of patients, which appears to be a stronger effect than that generally seen with add-on therapy with oral dopamine agonists or COMT inhibitors. 7. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings. 8. Apomorphine: an underutilized therapy for Parkinson's disease. 9. Extended follow-up studies of up to 8 years have demonstrated long-term persistence of apomorphine efficacy.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [levodopa]? [/INST] 1. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. 2. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [apomorphine] and a chemical [levodopa]? [/INST] 1. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. 2. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [apomorphine] and the chemical [levodopa]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Drug_Interaction', 'Cotreatment', 'Conversion', 'Comparison', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' indicates that Chemical A increases the effectiveness of Chemical B. This includes making Chemical B more sensitive, enhancing its ability to treat or induce a disease, or boosting its role in gene activation. 'Negative_Correlation' means that Chemical A reduces the effectiveness and impact of Chemical B. This includes decreasing Chemical B's sensitivity, reducing its ability to treat or induce a disease, diminishing its side effects, and lowering the gene activation it causes. 'Drug_Interaction' is when two different drugs or chemicals affect each other's action in the body, happening when they are used at the same time. 'Cotreatment' means that two different drugs or chemicals are used in combination therapy. 'Conversion' means that one chemical changes into another chemical. 'Comparison' means that two different drugs or chemicals have some differences and similarities in their effects. 'Association' refers to the relation between two chemicals that do not fit into any specific, predefined categories of relations. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [apomorphine] and a disease [dyskinesias]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Apomorphine: an underutilized therapy for Parkinson's disease. - Abstract of the Paper: Apomorphine was the first dopaminergic drug ever used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. While powerful antiparkinsonian effects had been observed as early as 1951, the potential of treating fluctuating Parkinson's disease by subcutaneous administration of apomorphine has only recently become the subject of systematic study. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings. Continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions can reduce daily off-time by more than 50% in this group of patients, which appears to be a stronger effect than that generally seen with add-on therapy with oral dopamine agonists or COMT inhibitors. Extended follow-up studies of up to 8 years have demonstrated long-term persistence of apomorphine efficacy. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. The main side effects of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment are related to cutaneous tolerability problems, whereas sedation and psychiatric complications play a lesser role. Given the marked degree of efficacy of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment in fluctuating Parkinson's disease, this approach seems to deserve more widespread clinical use. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [apomorphine]? [/INST] 1. Given the marked degree of efficacy of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment in fluctuating Parkinson's disease, this approach seems to deserve more widespread clinical use. 2. While powerful antiparkinsonian effects had been observed as early as 1951, the potential of treating fluctuating Parkinson's disease by subcutaneous administration of apomorphine has only recently become the subject of systematic study. 3. Apomorphine was the first dopaminergic drug ever used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 4. The main side effects of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment are related to cutaneous tolerability problems, whereas sedation and psychiatric complications play a lesser role. 5. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. 6. Continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions can reduce daily off-time by more than 50% in this group of patients, which appears to be a stronger effect than that generally seen with add-on therapy with oral dopamine agonists or COMT inhibitors. 7. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings. 8. Apomorphine: an underutilized therapy for Parkinson's disease. 9. Extended follow-up studies of up to 8 years have demonstrated long-term persistence of apomorphine efficacy.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [dyskinesias]? [/INST] 1. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [apomorphine] and a disease [dyskinesias]? [/INST] 1. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [apomorphine] and the disease [dyskinesias]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [Apomorphine] and a disease [Parkinson's disease]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Apomorphine: an underutilized therapy for Parkinson's disease. - Abstract of the Paper: Apomorphine was the first dopaminergic drug ever used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. While powerful antiparkinsonian effects had been observed as early as 1951, the potential of treating fluctuating Parkinson's disease by subcutaneous administration of apomorphine has only recently become the subject of systematic study. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings. Continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions can reduce daily off-time by more than 50% in this group of patients, which appears to be a stronger effect than that generally seen with add-on therapy with oral dopamine agonists or COMT inhibitors. Extended follow-up studies of up to 8 years have demonstrated long-term persistence of apomorphine efficacy. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. The main side effects of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment are related to cutaneous tolerability problems, whereas sedation and psychiatric complications play a lesser role. Given the marked degree of efficacy of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment in fluctuating Parkinson's disease, this approach seems to deserve more widespread clinical use. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [Apomorphine]? [/INST] 1. Given the marked degree of efficacy of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment in fluctuating Parkinson's disease, this approach seems to deserve more widespread clinical use. 2. While powerful antiparkinsonian effects had been observed as early as 1951, the potential of treating fluctuating Parkinson's disease by subcutaneous administration of apomorphine has only recently become the subject of systematic study. 3. Apomorphine was the first dopaminergic drug ever used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 4. The main side effects of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment are related to cutaneous tolerability problems, whereas sedation and psychiatric complications play a lesser role. 5. In addition, there is convincing clinical evidence that monotherapy with continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions is associated with marked reductions of preexisting levodopa-induced dyskinesias. 6. Continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusions can reduce daily off-time by more than 50% in this group of patients, which appears to be a stronger effect than that generally seen with add-on therapy with oral dopamine agonists or COMT inhibitors. 7. A number of small scale clinical trials have unequivocally shown that intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine injections produce antiparkinsonian benefit close if not identical to that seen with levodopa and that apomorphine rescue injections can reliably revert off-periods even in patients with complex on-off motor swings. 8. Apomorphine: an underutilized therapy for Parkinson's disease. 9. Extended follow-up studies of up to 8 years have demonstrated long-term persistence of apomorphine efficacy.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [Parkinson's disease]? [/INST] 1. While powerful antiparkinsonian effects had been observed as early as 1951, the potential of treating fluctuating Parkinson's disease by subcutaneous administration of apomorphine has only recently become the subject of systematic study. 2. Given the marked degree of efficacy of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment in fluctuating Parkinson's disease, this approach seems to deserve more widespread clinical use. 3. Apomorphine was the first dopaminergic drug ever used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 4. Apomorphine: an underutilized therapy for Parkinson's disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [Apomorphine] and a disease [Parkinson's disease]? [/INST] 1. Given the marked degree of efficacy of subcutaneous apomorphine treatment in fluctuating Parkinson's disease, this approach seems to deserve more widespread clinical use. 2. Apomorphine was the first dopaminergic drug ever used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 3. Apomorphine: an underutilized therapy for Parkinson's disease. 4. While powerful antiparkinsonian effects had been observed as early as 1951, the potential of treating fluctuating Parkinson's disease by subcutaneous administration of apomorphine has only recently become the subject of systematic study.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [Apomorphine] and the disease [Parkinson's disease]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [uterine sarcoma] and a gene or protein [Rab6c]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. - Abstract of the Paper: A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [uterine sarcoma]? [/INST] 1. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [Rab6c]? [/INST] 1. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. 2. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. 3. A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. 4. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 5. Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 6. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [uterine sarcoma] and a gene or protein [Rab6c]? [/INST] 1. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [uterine sarcoma] and the gene or protein [Rab6c]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a protein or gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or drug) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [Rab6c] and a chemical [vincristine]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. - Abstract of the Paper: A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [Rab6c]? [/INST] 1. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. 2. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. 3. A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. 4. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 5. Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 6. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [vincristine]? [/INST] 1. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [Rab6c] and a chemical [vincristine]? [/INST] 1. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [Rab6c] and the chemical [vincristine]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [Rab6c] and a chemical [vinblastine]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. - Abstract of the Paper: A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [Rab6c]? [/INST] 1. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. 2. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. 3. A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. 4. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 5. Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 6. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [vinblastine]? [/INST] 1. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [Rab6c] and a chemical [vinblastine]? [/INST] 1. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [Rab6c] and the chemical [vinblastine]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [Rab6c] and a chemical [taxol]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. - Abstract of the Paper: A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [Rab6c]? [/INST] 1. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. 2. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. 3. A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. 4. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 5. Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 6. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [taxol]? [/INST] 1. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [Rab6c] and a chemical [taxol]? [/INST] 1. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [Rab6c] and the chemical [taxol]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [Rab6c] and a chemical [doxorubicin]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. - Abstract of the Paper: A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [Rab6c]? [/INST] 1. Rab6c was found to be under-expressed in MCF7/AdrR and MES-SA/Dx5 (a human MDR uterine sarcoma cell line) compared with their non-MDR parental cell lines. 2. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c. 3. A new Rab6 homolog cDNA, Rab6c, was discovered by a hypermethylated DNA fragment probe that was isolated from a human multidrug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cell line, MCF7/AdrR, by the methylation sensitive-representational difference analysis (MS-RDA) technique. 4. These results indicate that Rab6c is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 5. Rab6c, a new member of the rab gene family, is involved in drug resistance in MCF7/AdrR cells. 6. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [doxorubicin]? [/INST] 1. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector. 2. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [Rab6c] and a chemical [doxorubicin]? [/INST] 1. MCF7/AdrR cells expressing the exogenous Rab6c exhibited less resistance to several anti-cancer drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), taxol, vinblastine, and vincristine, than the control cells containing the empty vector. 2. Flow cytometry experiments confirmed that the transfectants' diminished resistance to DOX was caused by increased drug accumulation induced by the exogenous Rab6c.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [Rab6c] and the chemical [doxorubicin]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [calcineurin] and a chemical [tacrolimus]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) using calcineurin-based immunotherapy: risk of development and treatment. - Abstract of the Paper: BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic. Their use in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) has dramatically improved success rates. Recently, however, we have had an increase of patients who are presenting after OLTX with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This retrospective study examines the incidence and treatment of ESRD and chronic renal failure (CRF) in OLTX patients. METHODS: Patients receiving an OLTX only from June 1985 through December of 1994 who survived 6 months postoperatively were studied (n=834). Our prospectively collected database was the source of information. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. Groups were compared for preoperative laboratory variables, diagnosis, postoperative variables, survival, type of ESRD therapy, and survival from onset of ESRD. RESULTS: At 13 years after OLTX, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction was 18.1% (CRF 8.6% and ESRD 9.5%). Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively. Overall survival from the time of OLTX was not significantly different among groups, but by year 13, the survival of the patients who had ESRD was only 28.2% compared with 54.6% in the control group. Patients developing ESRD had a 6-year survival after onset of ESRD of 27% for the patients receiving hemodialysis versus 71.4% for the patients developing ESRD who subsequently received kidney transplants. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who are more than 10 years post-OLTX have CRF and ESRD at a high rate. The development of ESRD decreases survival, particularly in those patients treated with dialysis only. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. New strategies for long-term immunosuppression may be needed to decrease this complication. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [calcineurin]? [/INST] 1. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) using calcineurin-based immunotherapy: risk of development and treatment. 2. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [tacrolimus]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [calcineurin] and a chemical [tacrolimus]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [calcineurin] and the chemical [tacrolimus]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [calcineurin] and a chemical [cyclosporine]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) using calcineurin-based immunotherapy: risk of development and treatment. - Abstract of the Paper: BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic. Their use in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) has dramatically improved success rates. Recently, however, we have had an increase of patients who are presenting after OLTX with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This retrospective study examines the incidence and treatment of ESRD and chronic renal failure (CRF) in OLTX patients. METHODS: Patients receiving an OLTX only from June 1985 through December of 1994 who survived 6 months postoperatively were studied (n=834). Our prospectively collected database was the source of information. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. Groups were compared for preoperative laboratory variables, diagnosis, postoperative variables, survival, type of ESRD therapy, and survival from onset of ESRD. RESULTS: At 13 years after OLTX, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction was 18.1% (CRF 8.6% and ESRD 9.5%). Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively. Overall survival from the time of OLTX was not significantly different among groups, but by year 13, the survival of the patients who had ESRD was only 28.2% compared with 54.6% in the control group. Patients developing ESRD had a 6-year survival after onset of ESRD of 27% for the patients receiving hemodialysis versus 71.4% for the patients developing ESRD who subsequently received kidney transplants. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who are more than 10 years post-OLTX have CRF and ESRD at a high rate. The development of ESRD decreases survival, particularly in those patients treated with dialysis only. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. New strategies for long-term immunosuppression may be needed to decrease this complication. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [calcineurin]? [/INST] 1. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) using calcineurin-based immunotherapy: risk of development and treatment. 2. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [cyclosporine]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [calcineurin] and a chemical [cyclosporine]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [calcineurin] and the chemical [cyclosporine]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [hepatorenal syndrome] and a chemical [creatinine]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) using calcineurin-based immunotherapy: risk of development and treatment. - Abstract of the Paper: BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic. Their use in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) has dramatically improved success rates. Recently, however, we have had an increase of patients who are presenting after OLTX with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This retrospective study examines the incidence and treatment of ESRD and chronic renal failure (CRF) in OLTX patients. METHODS: Patients receiving an OLTX only from June 1985 through December of 1994 who survived 6 months postoperatively were studied (n=834). Our prospectively collected database was the source of information. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. Groups were compared for preoperative laboratory variables, diagnosis, postoperative variables, survival, type of ESRD therapy, and survival from onset of ESRD. RESULTS: At 13 years after OLTX, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction was 18.1% (CRF 8.6% and ESRD 9.5%). Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively. Overall survival from the time of OLTX was not significantly different among groups, but by year 13, the survival of the patients who had ESRD was only 28.2% compared with 54.6% in the control group. Patients developing ESRD had a 6-year survival after onset of ESRD of 27% for the patients receiving hemodialysis versus 71.4% for the patients developing ESRD who subsequently received kidney transplants. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who are more than 10 years post-OLTX have CRF and ESRD at a high rate. The development of ESRD decreases survival, particularly in those patients treated with dialysis only. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. New strategies for long-term immunosuppression may be needed to decrease this complication. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [hepatorenal syndrome]? [/INST] 1. Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. 2. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [creatinine]? [/INST] 1. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. 2. Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. 3. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. 4. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. 5. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [hepatorenal syndrome] and a chemical [creatinine]? [/INST] 1. Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. 2. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [hepatorenal syndrome] and the chemical [creatinine]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [tacrolimus] and a disease [nephrotoxic]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) using calcineurin-based immunotherapy: risk of development and treatment. - Abstract of the Paper: BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic. Their use in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) has dramatically improved success rates. Recently, however, we have had an increase of patients who are presenting after OLTX with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This retrospective study examines the incidence and treatment of ESRD and chronic renal failure (CRF) in OLTX patients. METHODS: Patients receiving an OLTX only from June 1985 through December of 1994 who survived 6 months postoperatively were studied (n=834). Our prospectively collected database was the source of information. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. Groups were compared for preoperative laboratory variables, diagnosis, postoperative variables, survival, type of ESRD therapy, and survival from onset of ESRD. RESULTS: At 13 years after OLTX, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction was 18.1% (CRF 8.6% and ESRD 9.5%). Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively. Overall survival from the time of OLTX was not significantly different among groups, but by year 13, the survival of the patients who had ESRD was only 28.2% compared with 54.6% in the control group. Patients developing ESRD had a 6-year survival after onset of ESRD of 27% for the patients receiving hemodialysis versus 71.4% for the patients developing ESRD who subsequently received kidney transplants. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who are more than 10 years post-OLTX have CRF and ESRD at a high rate. The development of ESRD decreases survival, particularly in those patients treated with dialysis only. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. New strategies for long-term immunosuppression may be needed to decrease this complication. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [tacrolimus]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [nephrotoxic]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic. 2. RESULTS: At 13 years after OLTX, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction was 18.1% (CRF 8.6% and ESRD 9.5%).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [tacrolimus] and a disease [nephrotoxic]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [tacrolimus] and the disease [nephrotoxic]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [CRF] and a chemical [creatinine]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) using calcineurin-based immunotherapy: risk of development and treatment. - Abstract of the Paper: BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic. Their use in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) has dramatically improved success rates. Recently, however, we have had an increase of patients who are presenting after OLTX with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This retrospective study examines the incidence and treatment of ESRD and chronic renal failure (CRF) in OLTX patients. METHODS: Patients receiving an OLTX only from June 1985 through December of 1994 who survived 6 months postoperatively were studied (n=834). Our prospectively collected database was the source of information. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. Groups were compared for preoperative laboratory variables, diagnosis, postoperative variables, survival, type of ESRD therapy, and survival from onset of ESRD. RESULTS: At 13 years after OLTX, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction was 18.1% (CRF 8.6% and ESRD 9.5%). Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively. Overall survival from the time of OLTX was not significantly different among groups, but by year 13, the survival of the patients who had ESRD was only 28.2% compared with 54.6% in the control group. Patients developing ESRD had a 6-year survival after onset of ESRD of 27% for the patients receiving hemodialysis versus 71.4% for the patients developing ESRD who subsequently received kidney transplants. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who are more than 10 years post-OLTX have CRF and ESRD at a high rate. The development of ESRD decreases survival, particularly in those patients treated with dialysis only. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. New strategies for long-term immunosuppression may be needed to decrease this complication. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [CRF]? [/INST] 1. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) using calcineurin-based immunotherapy: risk of development and treatment. 2. Patients developing ESRD had a 6-year survival after onset of ESRD of 27% for the patients receiving hemodialysis versus 71.4% for the patients developing ESRD who subsequently received kidney transplants. 3. This retrospective study examines the incidence and treatment of ESRD and chronic renal failure (CRF) in OLTX patients. 4. The development of ESRD decreases survival, particularly in those patients treated with dialysis only. 5. Groups were compared for preoperative laboratory variables, diagnosis, postoperative variables, survival, type of ESRD therapy, and survival from onset of ESRD. 6. Recently, however, we have had an increase of patients who are presenting after OLTX with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). 7. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who are more than 10 years post-OLTX have CRF and ESRD at a high rate. 8. Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. 9. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. 10. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. 11. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. 12. Overall survival from the time of OLTX was not significantly different among groups, but by year 13, the survival of the patients who had ESRD was only 28.2% compared with 54.6% in the control group. 13. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively. 14. RESULTS: At 13 years after OLTX, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction was 18.1% (CRF 8.6% and ESRD 9.5%).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [creatinine]? [/INST] 1. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. 2. Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. 3. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. 4. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. 5. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [CRF] and a chemical [creatinine]? [/INST] 1. Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. 2. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. 3. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. 4. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. 5. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [CRF] and the chemical [creatinine]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [cyclosporine] and a disease [nephrotoxic]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) using calcineurin-based immunotherapy: risk of development and treatment. - Abstract of the Paper: BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic. Their use in orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) has dramatically improved success rates. Recently, however, we have had an increase of patients who are presenting after OLTX with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This retrospective study examines the incidence and treatment of ESRD and chronic renal failure (CRF) in OLTX patients. METHODS: Patients receiving an OLTX only from June 1985 through December of 1994 who survived 6 months postoperatively were studied (n=834). Our prospectively collected database was the source of information. Patients were divided into three groups: Controls, no CRF or ESRD, n=748; CRF, sustained serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, n=41; and ESRD, n=45. Groups were compared for preoperative laboratory variables, diagnosis, postoperative variables, survival, type of ESRD therapy, and survival from onset of ESRD. RESULTS: At 13 years after OLTX, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction was 18.1% (CRF 8.6% and ESRD 9.5%). Compared with control patients, CRF and ESRD patients had higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, a greater percentage of patients with hepatorenal syndrome, higher percentage requirement for dialysis in the first 3 months postoperatively, and a higher 1-year serum creatinine. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis using preoperative and postoperative variables identified that an increase of serum creatinine compared with average at 1 year, 3 months, and 4 weeks postoperatively were independent risk factors for the development of CRF or ESRD with odds ratios of 2.6, 2.2, and 1.6, respectively. Overall survival from the time of OLTX was not significantly different among groups, but by year 13, the survival of the patients who had ESRD was only 28.2% compared with 54.6% in the control group. Patients developing ESRD had a 6-year survival after onset of ESRD of 27% for the patients receiving hemodialysis versus 71.4% for the patients developing ESRD who subsequently received kidney transplants. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who are more than 10 years post-OLTX have CRF and ESRD at a high rate. The development of ESRD decreases survival, particularly in those patients treated with dialysis only. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. New strategies for long-term immunosuppression may be needed to decrease this complication. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [cyclosporine]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [nephrotoxic]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic. 2. RESULTS: At 13 years after OLTX, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction was 18.1% (CRF 8.6% and ESRD 9.5%).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [cyclosporine] and a disease [nephrotoxic]? [/INST] 1. BACKGROUND: The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus are both known to be nephrotoxic.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [cyclosporine] and the disease [nephrotoxic]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [SOD1] and a disease [amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: D90A-SOD1 mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a single founder for all cases with evidence for a Cis-acting disease modifier in the recessive haplotype. - Abstract of the Paper: More than 100 different heterozygous mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) have been found in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease. Uniquely, D90A-SOD1 has been identified in recessive, dominant and apparently sporadic pedigrees. The phenotype of homozygotes is stereotyped with an extended survival, whereas that of affected heterozygotes varies. The frequency of D90A-SOD1 is 50 times higher in Scandinavia (2.5%) than elsewhere, though ALS prevalence is not raised there. Our earlier study indicated separate founders for recessive and dominant/sporadic ALS and we proposed a disease-modifying factor linked to the recessive mutation. Here we have doubled our sample set and employed novel markers to characterise the mutation's origin and localise any modifying factor. Linkage disequilibrium analysis indicates that D90A homozygotes and heterozygotes share a rare haplotype and are all descended from a single ancient founder (alpha 0.974) c.895 generations ago. Homozygotes arose subsequently only c.63 generations ago (alpha 0.878). Recombination has reduced the region shared by recessive kindreds to 97-265 kb around SOD1, excluding all neighbouring genes. We propose that a cis-acting regulatory polymorphism has arisen close to D90A-SOD1 in the recessive founder, which decreases ALS susceptibility in heterozygotes and slows disease progression. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [SOD1]? [/INST] 1. D90A-SOD1 mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a single founder for all cases with evidence for a Cis-acting disease modifier in the recessive haplotype. 2. The frequency of D90A-SOD1 is 50 times higher in Scandinavia (2.5%) than elsewhere, though ALS prevalence is not raised there. 3. More than 100 different heterozygous mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) have been found in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease. 4. Uniquely, D90A-SOD1 has been identified in recessive, dominant and apparently sporadic pedigrees. 5. We propose that a cis-acting regulatory polymorphism has arisen close to D90A-SOD1 in the recessive founder, which decreases ALS susceptibility in heterozygotes and slows disease progression. 6. Recombination has reduced the region shared by recessive kindreds to 97-265 kb around SOD1, excluding all neighbouring genes.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]? [/INST] 1. D90A-SOD1 mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a single founder for all cases with evidence for a Cis-acting disease modifier in the recessive haplotype. 2. The frequency of D90A-SOD1 is 50 times higher in Scandinavia (2.5%) than elsewhere, though ALS prevalence is not raised there. 3. More than 100 different heterozygous mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) have been found in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease. 4. We propose that a cis-acting regulatory polymorphism has arisen close to D90A-SOD1 in the recessive founder, which decreases ALS susceptibility in heterozygotes and slows disease progression. 5. Our earlier study indicated separate founders for recessive and dominant/sporadic ALS and we proposed a disease-modifying factor linked to the recessive mutation.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [SOD1] and a disease [amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]? [/INST] 1. D90A-SOD1 mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a single founder for all cases with evidence for a Cis-acting disease modifier in the recessive haplotype. 2. The frequency of D90A-SOD1 is 50 times higher in Scandinavia (2.5%) than elsewhere, though ALS prevalence is not raised there. 3. We propose that a cis-acting regulatory polymorphism has arisen close to D90A-SOD1 in the recessive founder, which decreases ALS susceptibility in heterozygotes and slows disease progression. 4. More than 100 different heterozygous mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) have been found in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [SOD1] and the disease [amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [D90A] and a disease [ALS]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: D90A-SOD1 mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a single founder for all cases with evidence for a Cis-acting disease modifier in the recessive haplotype. - Abstract of the Paper: More than 100 different heterozygous mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) have been found in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease. Uniquely, D90A-SOD1 has been identified in recessive, dominant and apparently sporadic pedigrees. The phenotype of homozygotes is stereotyped with an extended survival, whereas that of affected heterozygotes varies. The frequency of D90A-SOD1 is 50 times higher in Scandinavia (2.5%) than elsewhere, though ALS prevalence is not raised there. Our earlier study indicated separate founders for recessive and dominant/sporadic ALS and we proposed a disease-modifying factor linked to the recessive mutation. Here we have doubled our sample set and employed novel markers to characterise the mutation's origin and localise any modifying factor. Linkage disequilibrium analysis indicates that D90A homozygotes and heterozygotes share a rare haplotype and are all descended from a single ancient founder (alpha 0.974) c.895 generations ago. Homozygotes arose subsequently only c.63 generations ago (alpha 0.878). Recombination has reduced the region shared by recessive kindreds to 97-265 kb around SOD1, excluding all neighbouring genes. We propose that a cis-acting regulatory polymorphism has arisen close to D90A-SOD1 in the recessive founder, which decreases ALS susceptibility in heterozygotes and slows disease progression. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [D90A]? [/INST] 1. D90A-SOD1 mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a single founder for all cases with evidence for a Cis-acting disease modifier in the recessive haplotype. 2. The frequency of D90A-SOD1 is 50 times higher in Scandinavia (2.5%) than elsewhere, though ALS prevalence is not raised there. 3. Linkage disequilibrium analysis indicates that D90A homozygotes and heterozygotes share a rare haplotype and are all descended from a single ancient founder (alpha 0.974) c.895 generations ago. 4. Uniquely, D90A-SOD1 has been identified in recessive, dominant and apparently sporadic pedigrees. 5. We propose that a cis-acting regulatory polymorphism has arisen close to D90A-SOD1 in the recessive founder, which decreases ALS susceptibility in heterozygotes and slows disease progression.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [ALS]? [/INST] 1. D90A-SOD1 mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a single founder for all cases with evidence for a Cis-acting disease modifier in the recessive haplotype. 2. The frequency of D90A-SOD1 is 50 times higher in Scandinavia (2.5%) than elsewhere, though ALS prevalence is not raised there. 3. More than 100 different heterozygous mutations in copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) have been found in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease. 4. We propose that a cis-acting regulatory polymorphism has arisen close to D90A-SOD1 in the recessive founder, which decreases ALS susceptibility in heterozygotes and slows disease progression. 5. Our earlier study indicated separate founders for recessive and dominant/sporadic ALS and we proposed a disease-modifying factor linked to the recessive mutation.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [D90A] and a disease [ALS]? [/INST] 1. D90A-SOD1 mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a single founder for all cases with evidence for a Cis-acting disease modifier in the recessive haplotype. 2. The frequency of D90A-SOD1 is 50 times higher in Scandinavia (2.5%) than elsewhere, though ALS prevalence is not raised there. 3. We propose that a cis-acting regulatory polymorphism has arisen close to D90A-SOD1 in the recessive founder, which decreases ALS susceptibility in heterozygotes and slows disease progression.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [D90A] and the disease [ALS]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [arylsulfatase A] and a disease [metachromatic leukodystrophy]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy: molecular pathology in two siblings. - Abstract of the Paper: We report on a new allele at the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) locus causing late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). In that allele arginine84, a residue that is highly conserved in the arylsulfatase gene family, is replaced by glutamine. In contrast to alleles that cause early-onset MLD, the arginine84 to glutamine substitution is associated with some residual ARSA activity. A comparison of genotypes, ARSA activities, and clinical data on 4 individuals carrying the allele of 81 patients with MLD examined, further validates the concept that different degrees of residual ARSA activity are the basis of phenotypical variation in MLD.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [arylsulfatase A]? [/INST] 1. A comparison of genotypes, ARSA activities, and clinical data on 4 individuals carrying the allele of 81 patients with MLD examined, further validates the concept that different degrees of residual ARSA activity are the basis of phenotypical variation in MLD.. 2. We report on a new allele at the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) locus causing late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). 3. In that allele arginine84, a residue that is highly conserved in the arylsulfatase gene family, is replaced by glutamine. 4. In contrast to alleles that cause early-onset MLD, the arginine84 to glutamine substitution is associated with some residual ARSA activity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [metachromatic leukodystrophy]? [/INST] 1. A comparison of genotypes, ARSA activities, and clinical data on 4 individuals carrying the allele of 81 patients with MLD examined, further validates the concept that different degrees of residual ARSA activity are the basis of phenotypical variation in MLD.. 2. We report on a new allele at the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) locus causing late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). 3. Late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy: molecular pathology in two siblings. 4. In contrast to alleles that cause early-onset MLD, the arginine84 to glutamine substitution is associated with some residual ARSA activity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [arylsulfatase A] and a disease [metachromatic leukodystrophy]? [/INST] 1. A comparison of genotypes, ARSA activities, and clinical data on 4 individuals carrying the allele of 81 patients with MLD examined, further validates the concept that different degrees of residual ARSA activity are the basis of phenotypical variation in MLD.. 2. We report on a new allele at the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) locus causing late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). 3. In contrast to alleles that cause early-onset MLD, the arginine84 to glutamine substitution is associated with some residual ARSA activity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [arylsulfatase A] and the disease [metachromatic leukodystrophy]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [arginine84] and a disease [MLD]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy: molecular pathology in two siblings. - Abstract of the Paper: We report on a new allele at the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) locus causing late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). In that allele arginine84, a residue that is highly conserved in the arylsulfatase gene family, is replaced by glutamine. In contrast to alleles that cause early-onset MLD, the arginine84 to glutamine substitution is associated with some residual ARSA activity. A comparison of genotypes, ARSA activities, and clinical data on 4 individuals carrying the allele of 81 patients with MLD examined, further validates the concept that different degrees of residual ARSA activity are the basis of phenotypical variation in MLD.. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [arginine84]? [/INST] 1. In that allele arginine84, a residue that is highly conserved in the arylsulfatase gene family, is replaced by glutamine. 2. In contrast to alleles that cause early-onset MLD, the arginine84 to glutamine substitution is associated with some residual ARSA activity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [MLD]? [/INST] 1. A comparison of genotypes, ARSA activities, and clinical data on 4 individuals carrying the allele of 81 patients with MLD examined, further validates the concept that different degrees of residual ARSA activity are the basis of phenotypical variation in MLD.. 2. We report on a new allele at the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) locus causing late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). 3. Late-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy: molecular pathology in two siblings. 4. In contrast to alleles that cause early-onset MLD, the arginine84 to glutamine substitution is associated with some residual ARSA activity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [arginine84] and a disease [MLD]? [/INST] 1. In contrast to alleles that cause early-onset MLD, the arginine84 to glutamine substitution is associated with some residual ARSA activity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [arginine84] and the disease [MLD]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [GJB2] and a disease [non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Low frequency of deafness-associated GJB2 variants in Kenya and Sudan and novel GJB2 variants. - Abstract of the Paper: A large proportion of non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (NSARD) in many populations is caused by variants of the GJB2 gene. Here, the frequency of GJB2 variants was studied in 406 and 183 apparently unrelated children from Kenya and Sudan, respectively, with mostly severe to profound non-syndromic deafness. Nine (2.2 %) Kenyan and 12 (6.6 %) of the Sudanese children only were carriers of variants within the coding sequence of the GJB2 gene. Variants in the 5'-adjacent region were detected in further 115 individuals. A total of 10 novel variants was recognized, among them four variants in the adjacent 5'-region of the GJB2 coding exon 2 (g.3318-6T>A, g.3318-15C>T, g.3318-34C>T, g.3318-35T>G), a 6 base-pair deletion (g.3455_3460del [p.Asp46_Gln48delinsGlu]), a variant leading to a stop codon (g.3512C>A [p.Tyr65X]), synonymous variants (g.3395C>T [p.Thr26], g.3503C>T [p.Asn62], g.3627A>C [p.Arg104]), and one non-synonymous variant (g.3816C>A [p.Val167Met]). In addition, the previously described variants g.3352delG (commonly designated 30delG or 35 delG), g.3426G>A [p.Val37Ile], g.3697G>A [p.Arg127His], g.3774G>A [p.Val153Ile], and g.3795G>A [p.Gly160Ser] were identified. With the exception of g.3318-34C>T and g.3352delG, all variants occurred heterozygously. For most of the variants identified in the Kenyan and Sudanese study population, a causative association with NSARD appears to be unlikely. Compared to many other ethnic groups, deafness-associated variants of the coding region of GJB2 are rare in Sudan and Kenya, suggesting a role of other genetic, or epigenetic factors as a cause for deafness in these countries. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [GJB2]? [/INST] 1. A total of 10 novel variants was recognized, among them four variants in the adjacent 5'-region of the GJB2 coding exon 2 (g.3318-6T>A, g.3318-15C>T, g.3318-34C>T, g.3318-35T>G), a 6 base-pair deletion (g.3455_3460del [p.Asp46_Gln48delinsGlu]), a variant leading to a stop codon (g.3512C>A [p.Tyr65X]), synonymous variants (g.3395C>T [p.Thr26], g.3503C>T [p.Asn62], g.3627A>C [p.Arg104]), and one non-synonymous variant (g.3816C>A [p.Val167Met]). 2. Compared to many other ethnic groups, deafness-associated variants of the coding region of GJB2 are rare in Sudan and Kenya, suggesting a role of other genetic, or epigenetic factors as a cause for deafness in these countries. 3. Low frequency of deafness-associated GJB2 variants in Kenya and Sudan and novel GJB2 variants. 4. Here, the frequency of GJB2 variants was studied in 406 and 183 apparently unrelated children from Kenya and Sudan, respectively, with mostly severe to profound non-syndromic deafness. 5. A large proportion of non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (NSARD) in many populations is caused by variants of the GJB2 gene. 6. Nine (2.2 %) Kenyan and 12 (6.6 %) of the Sudanese children only were carriers of variants within the coding sequence of the GJB2 gene.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness]? [/INST] 1. A large proportion of non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (NSARD) in many populations is caused by variants of the GJB2 gene. 2. For most of the variants identified in the Kenyan and Sudanese study population, a causative association with NSARD appears to be unlikely.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [GJB2] and a disease [non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness]? [/INST] 1. A large proportion of non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (NSARD) in many populations is caused by variants of the GJB2 gene.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [GJB2] and the disease [non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [N157K] and a disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. - Abstract of the Paper: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Mutations within this gene have previously been found to segregate with hypercholesterolemia. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded. Two novel missense mutations were detected in the catalytic subdomain of the PCSK9 gene. Two patients were heterozygotes for D374Y, and one patient was a double heterozygote for D374Y and N157K. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [N157K]? [/INST] 1. Two patients were heterozygotes for D374Y, and one patient was a double heterozygote for D374Y and N157K.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia]? [/INST] 1. Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 2. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 3. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [N157K] and a disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [N157K] and the disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia] and a gene or protein [PCSK9]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. - Abstract of the Paper: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Mutations within this gene have previously been found to segregate with hypercholesterolemia. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded. Two novel missense mutations were detected in the catalytic subdomain of the PCSK9 gene. Two patients were heterozygotes for D374Y, and one patient was a double heterozygote for D374Y and N157K. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia]? [/INST] 1. Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 2. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 3. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [PCSK9]? [/INST] 1. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. 2. Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 3. Two novel missense mutations were detected in the catalytic subdomain of the PCSK9 gene. 4. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 5. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia] and a gene or protein [PCSK9]? [/INST] 1. Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 2. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 3. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia] and the gene or protein [PCSK9]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a protein or gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or drug) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [PCSK9] and a chemical [cholesterol]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. - Abstract of the Paper: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Mutations within this gene have previously been found to segregate with hypercholesterolemia. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded. Two novel missense mutations were detected in the catalytic subdomain of the PCSK9 gene. Two patients were heterozygotes for D374Y, and one patient was a double heterozygote for D374Y and N157K. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [PCSK9]? [/INST] 1. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. 2. Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 3. Two novel missense mutations were detected in the catalytic subdomain of the PCSK9 gene. 4. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 5. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [cholesterol]? [/INST] 1. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [PCSK9] and a chemical [cholesterol]? [/INST] 1. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [PCSK9] and the chemical [cholesterol]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [PCSK9] and a disease [hypercholesterolemia]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. - Abstract of the Paper: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Mutations within this gene have previously been found to segregate with hypercholesterolemia. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded. Two novel missense mutations were detected in the catalytic subdomain of the PCSK9 gene. Two patients were heterozygotes for D374Y, and one patient was a double heterozygote for D374Y and N157K. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [PCSK9]? [/INST] 1. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. 2. Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 3. Two novel missense mutations were detected in the catalytic subdomain of the PCSK9 gene. 4. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 5. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [hypercholesterolemia]? [/INST] 1. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. 2. Mutations within this gene have previously been found to segregate with hypercholesterolemia. 3. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [PCSK9] and a disease [hypercholesterolemia]? [/INST] 1. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [PCSK9] and the disease [hypercholesterolemia]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [D374Y] and a disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. - Abstract of the Paper: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Mutations within this gene have previously been found to segregate with hypercholesterolemia. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded. Two novel missense mutations were detected in the catalytic subdomain of the PCSK9 gene. Two patients were heterozygotes for D374Y, and one patient was a double heterozygote for D374Y and N157K. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [D374Y]? [/INST] 1. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. 2. Two patients were heterozygotes for D374Y, and one patient was a double heterozygote for D374Y and N157K.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia]? [/INST] 1. Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 2. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. 3. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [D374Y] and a disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [D374Y] and the disease [autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [hypercholesterolemia] and a variant [D374Y]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Mutations in the PCSK9 gene in Norwegian subjects with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. - Abstract of the Paper: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is at a locus for autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, and recent data indicate that the PCSK9 gene is involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. Mutations within this gene have previously been found to segregate with hypercholesterolemia. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded. Two novel missense mutations were detected in the catalytic subdomain of the PCSK9 gene. Two patients were heterozygotes for D374Y, and one patient was a double heterozygote for D374Y and N157K. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. Our findings support the notion that mutations in the PCSK9 gene cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [hypercholesterolemia]? [/INST] 1. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. 2. Mutations within this gene have previously been found to segregate with hypercholesterolemia. 3. In this study, DNA sequencing of the 12 exons of the PCSK9 gene has been performed in 51 Norwegian subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia where mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene and mutation R3500Q in the apolipoprotein B-100 gene had been excluded.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [D374Y]? [/INST] 1. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study. 2. Two patients were heterozygotes for D374Y, and one patient was a double heterozygote for D374Y and N157K.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [hypercholesterolemia] and a variant [D374Y]? [/INST] 1. D374Y segregated with hypercholesterolemia in the two former families where family members were available for study.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [hypercholesterolemia] and the variant [D374Y]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [alpha-B crystallin] and a disease [DRM]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. - Abstract of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [alpha-B crystallin]? [/INST] 1. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [DRM]? [/INST] 1. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. 2. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 3. Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. 4. Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. 5. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. 6. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. 7. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. 8. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. 9. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [alpha-B crystallin] and a disease [DRM]? [/INST] 1. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [alpha-B crystallin] and the disease [DRM]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [desmin] and a disease [DRMs]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. - Abstract of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [desmin]? [/INST] 1. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. 2. Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [DRMs]? [/INST] 1. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. 2. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 3. Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. 4. Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. 5. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. 6. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. 7. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. 8. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. 9. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [desmin] and a disease [DRMs]? [/INST] 1. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. 2. Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [desmin] and the disease [DRMs]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [SEPN1] and a disease [multiminicore disease]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. - Abstract of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [SEPN1]? [/INST] 1. Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. 2. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. 3. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 4. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [multiminicore disease]? [/INST] 1. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [SEPN1] and a disease [multiminicore disease]? [/INST] 1. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [SEPN1] and the disease [multiminicore disease]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [SEPN1] and a disease [rigid spine muscular dystrophy]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. - Abstract of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [SEPN1]? [/INST] 1. Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. 2. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. 3. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 4. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [rigid spine muscular dystrophy]? [/INST] 1. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [SEPN1] and a disease [rigid spine muscular dystrophy]? [/INST] 1. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [SEPN1] and the disease [rigid spine muscular dystrophy]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [SEPN1] and a disease [SEPN-related myopathy]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. - Abstract of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [SEPN1]? [/INST] 1. Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. 2. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. 3. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 4. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [SEPN-related myopathy]? [/INST] 1. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 2. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. 3. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease. 4. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. 5. Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. 6. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [SEPN1] and a disease [SEPN-related myopathy]? [/INST] 1. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 2. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [SEPN1] and the disease [SEPN-related myopathy]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [DRM] and a variant [del 92 nucleotide -19/+73]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. - Abstract of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [DRM]? [/INST] 1. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. 2. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 3. Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. 4. Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. 5. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. 6. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. 7. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. 8. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. 9. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [del 92 nucleotide -19/+73]? [/INST] 1. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [DRM] and a variant [del 92 nucleotide -19/+73]? [/INST] 1. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [DRM] and the variant [del 92 nucleotide -19/+73]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [Desmin-related myopathy] and a gene or protein [selenoprotein N]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. - Abstract of the Paper: Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [Desmin-related myopathy]? [/INST] 1. A comparative reevaluation showed that MB-DRM and SEPN-RM share identical clinical features. 2. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 3. Desmin-related myopathies (DRMs) are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, morphologically defined by intrasarcoplasmic aggregates of desmin. 4. Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. 5. These findings substantiate the molecular heterogeneity of DRM, expand the morphological spectrum of SEPN-RM, and implicate a necessary reassessment of the nosological boundaries in early-onset myopathies. 6. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. 7. The genetic basis of the other forms remain unknown, including the early-onset, recessive form with Mallory body-like inclusions (MB-DRMs), first described in five related German patients. 8. Mutations in the desmin and the alpha-B crystallin genes account for approximately one third of the DRM cases. 9. Therefore, we propose that MB-DRM should be categorized as SEPN-RM.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [selenoprotein N]? [/INST] 1. Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. 2. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. 3. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1. 4. Recently, we identified the selenoprotein N gene (SEPN1) as responsible for SEPN-related myopathy (SEPN-RM), a unique early-onset myopathy formerly divided in two different nosological categories: rigid spine muscular dystrophy and the severe form of classical multiminicore disease.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [Desmin-related myopathy] and a gene or protein [selenoprotein N]? [/INST] 1. Desmin-related myopathy with Mallory body-like inclusions is caused by mutations of the selenoprotein N gene. 2. In the original MB-DRM German family, we demonstrated a linkage of the disease to the SEPN1 locus (1p36), and subsequently a homozygous SEPN1 deletion (del 92 nucleotide -19/+73) in the affected patients. 3. The finding of Mallory body-like inclusions in two cases of genetically documented SEPN-RM led us to suspect a relationship between MB-DRM and SEPN1.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [Desmin-related myopathy] and the gene or protein [selenoprotein N]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a protein or gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or drug) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [Tuple1] and a disease [DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Altered replication timing of the HIRA/Tuple1 locus in the DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes. - Abstract of the Paper: DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes (DGS/VCFS) are endowed by a similar complex phenotype including cardiovascular, craniofacial, and thymic malformations, and are associated with heterozygous deletions of 22q11 chromosomal band. The Typically Deleted Region in the 22q11.21 subband (here called TDR22) is very gene-dense, and the extent of the deletion has been defined precisely in several studies. However, to date there is no evidence for a mechanism of haploinsufficiency that can fully explain the DGS/VCFS phenotype. In this study, we show that the candidate gene HIRA/Tuple1 mapping on the non-deleted TDR22, in DGS/VCFS subjects presents a delayed replication timing. Moreover, we observed an increase in the cell ratio showing the HIRA/Tuple1 locus localised toward the nuclear periphery. It is known that replication timing and nuclear location are generally correlated to the transcription activity of the relative DNA region. We propose that the alteration in the replication/nuclear location pattern of the non-deleted TDR22 indicates an altered gene regulation hence an altered transcritpion in DGS/VCFS. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [Tuple1]? [/INST] 1. Altered replication timing of the HIRA/Tuple1 locus in the DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes. 2. Moreover, we observed an increase in the cell ratio showing the HIRA/Tuple1 locus localised toward the nuclear periphery. 3. In this study, we show that the candidate gene HIRA/Tuple1 mapping on the non-deleted TDR22, in DGS/VCFS subjects presents a delayed replication timing.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes]? [/INST] 1. DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes (DGS/VCFS) are endowed by a similar complex phenotype including cardiovascular, craniofacial, and thymic malformations, and are associated with heterozygous deletions of 22q11 chromosomal band. 2. However, to date there is no evidence for a mechanism of haploinsufficiency that can fully explain the DGS/VCFS phenotype. 3. We propose that the alteration in the replication/nuclear location pattern of the non-deleted TDR22 indicates an altered gene regulation hence an altered transcritpion in DGS/VCFS. 4. Altered replication timing of the HIRA/Tuple1 locus in the DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes. 5. In this study, we show that the candidate gene HIRA/Tuple1 mapping on the non-deleted TDR22, in DGS/VCFS subjects presents a delayed replication timing.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [Tuple1] and a disease [DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes]? [/INST] 1. Altered replication timing of the HIRA/Tuple1 locus in the DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes. 2. In this study, we show that the candidate gene HIRA/Tuple1 mapping on the non-deleted TDR22, in DGS/VCFS subjects presents a delayed replication timing.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [Tuple1] and the disease [DiGeorge and Velocardiofacial syndromes]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [Catecholamine] and a disease [cardiomyopathy]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Severe reversible left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction due to accidental iatrogenic epinephrine overdose. - Abstract of the Paper: Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy due to chronic excess of endogenous catecholamines has been recognized for decades as a clinical phenomenon. In contrast, reports of myocardial dysfunction due to acute iatrogenic overdose are rare. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis. Our case illustrates the serious consequences of medical errors that can be avoided through improved medication labeling and staff supervision. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [Catecholamine]? [/INST] 1. Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy due to chronic excess of endogenous catecholamines has been recognized for decades as a clinical phenomenon.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [cardiomyopathy]? [/INST] 1. Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy due to chronic excess of endogenous catecholamines has been recognized for decades as a clinical phenomenon. 2. In contrast, reports of myocardial dysfunction due to acute iatrogenic overdose are rare. 3. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [Catecholamine] and a disease [cardiomyopathy]? [/INST] 1. Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy due to chronic excess of endogenous catecholamines has been recognized for decades as a clinical phenomenon.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [Catecholamine] and the disease [cardiomyopathy]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [cardiomyopathy] and a chemical [epinephrine]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Severe reversible left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction due to accidental iatrogenic epinephrine overdose. - Abstract of the Paper: Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy due to chronic excess of endogenous catecholamines has been recognized for decades as a clinical phenomenon. In contrast, reports of myocardial dysfunction due to acute iatrogenic overdose are rare. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis. Our case illustrates the serious consequences of medical errors that can be avoided through improved medication labeling and staff supervision. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [cardiomyopathy]? [/INST] 1. Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy due to chronic excess of endogenous catecholamines has been recognized for decades as a clinical phenomenon. 2. In contrast, reports of myocardial dysfunction due to acute iatrogenic overdose are rare. 3. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [epinephrine]? [/INST] 1. Severe reversible left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction due to accidental iatrogenic epinephrine overdose. 2. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [cardiomyopathy] and a chemical [epinephrine]? [/INST] 1. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [cardiomyopathy] and the chemical [epinephrine]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [epinephrine] and a disease [myocardial stunning]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Severe reversible left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction due to accidental iatrogenic epinephrine overdose. - Abstract of the Paper: Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy due to chronic excess of endogenous catecholamines has been recognized for decades as a clinical phenomenon. In contrast, reports of myocardial dysfunction due to acute iatrogenic overdose are rare. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis. Our case illustrates the serious consequences of medical errors that can be avoided through improved medication labeling and staff supervision. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [epinephrine]? [/INST] 1. Severe reversible left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction due to accidental iatrogenic epinephrine overdose. 2. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [myocardial stunning]? [/INST] 1. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [epinephrine] and a disease [myocardial stunning]? [/INST] 1. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [epinephrine] and the disease [myocardial stunning]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction] and a chemical [epinephrine]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Severe reversible left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction due to accidental iatrogenic epinephrine overdose. - Abstract of the Paper: Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy due to chronic excess of endogenous catecholamines has been recognized for decades as a clinical phenomenon. In contrast, reports of myocardial dysfunction due to acute iatrogenic overdose are rare. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis. Our case illustrates the serious consequences of medical errors that can be avoided through improved medication labeling and staff supervision. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction]? [/INST] 1. Severe reversible left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction due to accidental iatrogenic epinephrine overdose. 2. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [epinephrine]? [/INST] 1. Severe reversible left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction due to accidental iatrogenic epinephrine overdose. 2. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction] and a chemical [epinephrine]? [/INST] 1. Severe reversible left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction due to accidental iatrogenic epinephrine overdose. 2. A 35-year-old woman whose cervix uteri was inadvertently injected with 8 mg of epinephrine developed myocardial stunning that was characterized by severe hemodynamic compromise, profound, albeit transient, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and only modestly elevated biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction] and the chemical [epinephrine]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [thrombotic] and a chemical [aspirin]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis. - Abstract of the Paper: There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors than nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. The incidence rates of events were determined in all patients (n = 7934) and in users of low-dose (< or =325 mg daily) aspirin (n = 1051) and nonusers of aspirin (n = 6883). Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than nonusers of aspirin (placebo, 1.4% vs. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 0.2%; NSAIDs, 1.9% vs. 0.5%). The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [thrombotic]? [/INST] 1. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. 2. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. 3. Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. 4. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than nonusers of aspirin (placebo, 1.4% vs. 5. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 6. There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors than nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). 7. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [aspirin]? [/INST] 1. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than nonusers of aspirin (placebo, 1.4% vs. 2. The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. 3. The incidence rates of events were determined in all patients (n = 7934) and in users of low-dose (< or =325 mg daily) aspirin (n = 1051) and nonusers of aspirin (n = 6883).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [thrombotic] and a chemical [aspirin]? [/INST] 1. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than nonusers of aspirin (placebo, 1.4% vs.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [thrombotic] and the chemical [aspirin]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [valdecoxib] and a disease [rheumatoid arthritis]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis. - Abstract of the Paper: There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors than nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. The incidence rates of events were determined in all patients (n = 7934) and in users of low-dose (< or =325 mg daily) aspirin (n = 1051) and nonusers of aspirin (n = 6883). Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than nonusers of aspirin (placebo, 1.4% vs. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 0.2%; NSAIDs, 1.9% vs. 0.5%). The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [valdecoxib]? [/INST] 1. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. 2. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 3. Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. 4. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. 5. The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. 6. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 7. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 8. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [rheumatoid arthritis]? [/INST] 1. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 2. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 3. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [valdecoxib] and a disease [rheumatoid arthritis]? [/INST] 1. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 2. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 3. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [valdecoxib] and the disease [rheumatoid arthritis]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [valdecoxib] and a disease [osteoarthritis]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis. - Abstract of the Paper: There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors than nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. The incidence rates of events were determined in all patients (n = 7934) and in users of low-dose (< or =325 mg daily) aspirin (n = 1051) and nonusers of aspirin (n = 6883). Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than nonusers of aspirin (placebo, 1.4% vs. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 0.2%; NSAIDs, 1.9% vs. 0.5%). The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [valdecoxib]? [/INST] 1. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. 2. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 3. Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. 4. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. 5. The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. 6. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 7. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 8. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [osteoarthritis]? [/INST] 1. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 2. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 3. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [valdecoxib] and a disease [osteoarthritis]? [/INST] 1. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 2. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 3. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [valdecoxib] and the disease [osteoarthritis]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [valdecoxib] and a chemical [nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis. - Abstract of the Paper: There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors than nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. The incidence rates of events were determined in all patients (n = 7934) and in users of low-dose (< or =325 mg daily) aspirin (n = 1051) and nonusers of aspirin (n = 6883). Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than nonusers of aspirin (placebo, 1.4% vs. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 0.2%; NSAIDs, 1.9% vs. 0.5%). The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [valdecoxib]? [/INST] 1. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. 2. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 3. Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. 4. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. 5. The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. 6. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 7. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 8. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents]? [/INST] 1. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. 2. Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. 3. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 4. There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors than nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). 5. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis. 6. 0.2%; NSAIDs, 1.9% vs.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [valdecoxib] and a chemical [nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents]? [/INST] 1. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. 2. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis. 3. Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. 4. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [valdecoxib] and the chemical [nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Drug_Interaction', 'Cotreatment', 'Conversion', 'Comparison', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' indicates that Chemical A increases the effectiveness of Chemical B. This includes making Chemical B more sensitive, enhancing its ability to treat or induce a disease, or boosting its role in gene activation. 'Negative_Correlation' means that Chemical A reduces the effectiveness and impact of Chemical B. This includes decreasing Chemical B's sensitivity, reducing its ability to treat or induce a disease, diminishing its side effects, and lowering the gene activation it causes. 'Drug_Interaction' is when two different drugs or chemicals affect each other's action in the body, happening when they are used at the same time. 'Cotreatment' means that two different drugs or chemicals are used in combination therapy. 'Conversion' means that one chemical changes into another chemical. 'Comparison' means that two different drugs or chemicals have some differences and similarities in their effects. 'Association' refers to the relation between two chemicals that do not fit into any specific, predefined categories of relations. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Comparison</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [valdecoxib] and a disease [arthritis]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis. - Abstract of the Paper: There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors than nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. The incidence rates of events were determined in all patients (n = 7934) and in users of low-dose (< or =325 mg daily) aspirin (n = 1051) and nonusers of aspirin (n = 6883). Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than nonusers of aspirin (placebo, 1.4% vs. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 0.2%; NSAIDs, 1.9% vs. 0.5%). The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [valdecoxib]? [/INST] 1. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. 2. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 3. Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. 4. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. 5. The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. 6. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 7. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 8. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [arthritis]? [/INST] 1. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [valdecoxib] and a disease [arthritis]? [/INST] 1. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [valdecoxib] and the disease [arthritis]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [cyclooxygenase-2] and a chemical [valdecoxib]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis. - Abstract of the Paper: There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors than nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. The incidence rates of events were determined in all patients (n = 7934) and in users of low-dose (< or =325 mg daily) aspirin (n = 1051) and nonusers of aspirin (n = 6883). Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. Thrombotic risk was consistently higher for users of aspirin users than nonusers of aspirin (placebo, 1.4% vs. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 0.2%; NSAIDs, 1.9% vs. 0.5%). The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [cyclooxygenase-2]? [/INST] 1. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 2. There have been concerns that the risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events may be higher with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors than nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). 3. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [valdecoxib]? [/INST] 1. Short- and intermediate-term treatment with therapeutic (10 or 20 mg daily) and supratherapeutic (40 or 80 mg daily) valdecoxib doses was not associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events relative to nonselective NSAIDs or placebo in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients in controlled clinical trials. 2. 0%; valdecoxib, 1.7% vs. 3. Crude and exposure-adjusted incidences of thrombotic events were similar for valdecoxib, NSAIDs, and placebo. 4. The risk of serious thrombotic events was also similar for each valdecoxib dose. 5. The rates of events in users of aspirin were similar for all 3 treatment groups and across valdecoxib doses. 6. The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic events (cardiac, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular, or arterial thrombotic) was determined by analyzing pooled valdecoxib (10-80 mg daily), nonselective NSAID (diclofenac 75 mg bid, ibuprofen 800 mg tid, or naproxen 500 mg bid) and placebo data from 10 randomized osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis trials that were 6-52 weeks in duration. 7. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 8. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [cyclooxygenase-2] and a chemical [valdecoxib]? [/INST] 1. We evaluated cardiovascular event data for valdecoxib, a new COX-2-specific inhibitor in approximately 8000 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated with this agent in randomized clinical trials. 2. Effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitor valdecoxib versus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and placebo on cardiovascular thrombotic events in patients with arthritis.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [cyclooxygenase-2] and the chemical [valdecoxib]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [nine nucleotide insertion] and a disease [WFS]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome. - Abstract of the Paper: Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset diabetes mellitus, progressive optic atrophy, sensorineural deafness and diabetes insipidus. Affected individuals may also have renal tract abnormalities as well as neurogical and psychiatric syndromes. WFS1 encoding a transmembrane protein was identified as the gene responsible for WFS. We report herein a Japanese family, of which two members had this syndrome. In the WFS1 gene of these patients, we identified a novel mutation, a nine nucleotide insertion (AFF344-345ins). In addition, one of these patients had preclinical hypopituitarism, which is an unusual feature of WFS. As only the two family members homozygous for the mutation showed WFS, these data support the notion that this mutation is the cause of WFS. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [nine nucleotide insertion]? [/INST] 1. In the WFS1 gene of these patients, we identified a novel mutation, a nine nucleotide insertion (AFF344-345ins).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [WFS]? [/INST] 1. In addition, one of these patients had preclinical hypopituitarism, which is an unusual feature of WFS. 2. As only the two family members homozygous for the mutation showed WFS, these data support the notion that this mutation is the cause of WFS. 3. WFS1 encoding a transmembrane protein was identified as the gene responsible for WFS. 4. Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome. 5. Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset diabetes mellitus, progressive optic atrophy, sensorineural deafness and diabetes insipidus.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [nine nucleotide insertion] and a disease [WFS]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [nine nucleotide insertion] and the disease [WFS]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [WFS1] and a disease [WFS]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome. - Abstract of the Paper: Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset diabetes mellitus, progressive optic atrophy, sensorineural deafness and diabetes insipidus. Affected individuals may also have renal tract abnormalities as well as neurogical and psychiatric syndromes. WFS1 encoding a transmembrane protein was identified as the gene responsible for WFS. We report herein a Japanese family, of which two members had this syndrome. In the WFS1 gene of these patients, we identified a novel mutation, a nine nucleotide insertion (AFF344-345ins). In addition, one of these patients had preclinical hypopituitarism, which is an unusual feature of WFS. As only the two family members homozygous for the mutation showed WFS, these data support the notion that this mutation is the cause of WFS. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [WFS1]? [/INST] 1. Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome. 2. In the WFS1 gene of these patients, we identified a novel mutation, a nine nucleotide insertion (AFF344-345ins). 3. WFS1 encoding a transmembrane protein was identified as the gene responsible for WFS.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [WFS]? [/INST] 1. In addition, one of these patients had preclinical hypopituitarism, which is an unusual feature of WFS. 2. As only the two family members homozygous for the mutation showed WFS, these data support the notion that this mutation is the cause of WFS. 3. WFS1 encoding a transmembrane protein was identified as the gene responsible for WFS. 4. Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome. 5. Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset diabetes mellitus, progressive optic atrophy, sensorineural deafness and diabetes insipidus.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [WFS1] and a disease [WFS]? [/INST] 1. Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome. 2. WFS1 encoding a transmembrane protein was identified as the gene responsible for WFS.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [WFS1] and the disease [WFS]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [AFF344-345ins] and a disease [Wolfram syndrome]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome. - Abstract of the Paper: Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset diabetes mellitus, progressive optic atrophy, sensorineural deafness and diabetes insipidus. Affected individuals may also have renal tract abnormalities as well as neurogical and psychiatric syndromes. WFS1 encoding a transmembrane protein was identified as the gene responsible for WFS. We report herein a Japanese family, of which two members had this syndrome. In the WFS1 gene of these patients, we identified a novel mutation, a nine nucleotide insertion (AFF344-345ins). In addition, one of these patients had preclinical hypopituitarism, which is an unusual feature of WFS. As only the two family members homozygous for the mutation showed WFS, these data support the notion that this mutation is the cause of WFS. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [AFF344-345ins]? [/INST] 1. Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome. 2. In the WFS1 gene of these patients, we identified a novel mutation, a nine nucleotide insertion (AFF344-345ins).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [Wolfram syndrome]? [/INST] 1. In addition, one of these patients had preclinical hypopituitarism, which is an unusual feature of WFS. 2. As only the two family members homozygous for the mutation showed WFS, these data support the notion that this mutation is the cause of WFS. 3. WFS1 encoding a transmembrane protein was identified as the gene responsible for WFS. 4. Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome. 5. Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset diabetes mellitus, progressive optic atrophy, sensorineural deafness and diabetes insipidus.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [AFF344-345ins] and a disease [Wolfram syndrome]? [/INST] 1. Identification of a novel WFS1 mutation (AFF344-345ins) in Japanese patients with Wolfram syndrome.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [AFF344-345ins] and the disease [Wolfram syndrome]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [serotonin] and a disease [migraine]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: A genetic analysis of serotonergic biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes in migraine using a DNA pooling approach. - Abstract of the Paper: Migraine is a common debilitating primary headache disorder with significant mental, physical and social health implications. The brain neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) is involved in nociceptive pathways and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine. With few genetic studies investigating biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes governing the rate of 5-HT activity and their relationship to migraine, it was the objective of this study to assess genetic variants within the human tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genes in migraine susceptibility. This objective was undertaken using a high-throughput DNA pooling experimental design, which proved to be a very accurate, sensitive and specific method of estimating allele frequencies for single nucleotide polymorphism, insertion deletion and variable number tandem repeat loci. Application of DNA pooling to a wide array of genetic loci provides greater scope in the assessment of population-based genetic association study designs. Despite the application of this high-throughput genotyping method, negative results from the two-stage DNA pooling design used to screen loci within the TPH, AADC and MAOA genes did not support their role in migraine susceptibility. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [serotonin]? [/INST] 1. With few genetic studies investigating biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes governing the rate of 5-HT activity and their relationship to migraine, it was the objective of this study to assess genetic variants within the human tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genes in migraine susceptibility. 2. The brain neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) is involved in nociceptive pathways and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [migraine]? [/INST] 1. The brain neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) is involved in nociceptive pathways and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine. 2. Migraine is a common debilitating primary headache disorder with significant mental, physical and social health implications. 3. With few genetic studies investigating biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes governing the rate of 5-HT activity and their relationship to migraine, it was the objective of this study to assess genetic variants within the human tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genes in migraine susceptibility. 4. Despite the application of this high-throughput genotyping method, negative results from the two-stage DNA pooling design used to screen loci within the TPH, AADC and MAOA genes did not support their role in migraine susceptibility. 5. A genetic analysis of serotonergic biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes in migraine using a DNA pooling approach.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [serotonin] and a disease [migraine]? [/INST] 1. With few genetic studies investigating biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes governing the rate of 5-HT activity and their relationship to migraine, it was the objective of this study to assess genetic variants within the human tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genes in migraine susceptibility. 2. The brain neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) is involved in nociceptive pathways and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [serotonin] and the disease [migraine]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [S-1] and a chemical [5-FU]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [S-1]? [/INST] 1. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. 4. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [5-FU]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. 4. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 5. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 6. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 7. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 8. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 9. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [S-1] and a chemical [5-FU]? [/INST] 1. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 2. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [S-1] and the chemical [5-FU]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Drug_Interaction', 'Cotreatment', 'Conversion', 'Comparison', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' indicates that Chemical A increases the effectiveness of Chemical B. This includes making Chemical B more sensitive, enhancing its ability to treat or induce a disease, or boosting its role in gene activation. 'Negative_Correlation' means that Chemical A reduces the effectiveness and impact of Chemical B. This includes decreasing Chemical B's sensitivity, reducing its ability to treat or induce a disease, diminishing its side effects, and lowering the gene activation it causes. 'Drug_Interaction' is when two different drugs or chemicals affect each other's action in the body, happening when they are used at the same time. 'Cotreatment' means that two different drugs or chemicals are used in combination therapy. 'Conversion' means that one chemical changes into another chemical. 'Comparison' means that two different drugs or chemicals have some differences and similarities in their effects. 'Association' refers to the relation between two chemicals that do not fit into any specific, predefined categories of relations. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Comparison</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [cardiac symptoms] and a chemical [S-1]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [cardiac symptoms]? [/INST] 1. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [S-1]? [/INST] 1. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. 4. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [cardiac symptoms] and a chemical [S-1]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [cardiac symptoms] and the chemical [S-1]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [cardiotoxicity] and a chemical [S-1]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [cardiotoxicity]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 5. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 6. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [S-1]? [/INST] 1. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. 4. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [cardiotoxicity] and a chemical [S-1]? [/INST] 1. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [cardiotoxicity] and the chemical [S-1]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [cardiotoxicity] and a chemical [alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [cardiotoxicity]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 5. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 6. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine]? [/INST] 1. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 5. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 6. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [cardiotoxicity] and a chemical [alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine]? [/INST] 1. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 2. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 3. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [cardiotoxicity] and the chemical [alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [precordial pain] and a chemical [FBAL]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [precordial pain]? [/INST] 1. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. 2. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 3. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [FBAL]? [/INST] 1. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 5. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 6. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [precordial pain] and a chemical [FBAL]? [/INST] 1. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [precordial pain] and the chemical [FBAL]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [precordial pain] and a chemical [5-FU]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [precordial pain]? [/INST] 1. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. 2. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 3. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [5-FU]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. 4. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 5. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 6. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 7. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 8. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 9. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [precordial pain] and a chemical [5-FU]? [/INST] 1. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. 2. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 3. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [precordial pain] and the chemical [5-FU]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [FBAL] and a chemical [S-1]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [FBAL]? [/INST] 1. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 5. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 6. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [S-1]? [/INST] 1. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. 4. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [FBAL] and a chemical [S-1]? [/INST] 1. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [FBAL] and the chemical [S-1]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Drug_Interaction', 'Cotreatment', 'Conversion', 'Comparison', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' indicates that Chemical A increases the effectiveness of Chemical B. This includes making Chemical B more sensitive, enhancing its ability to treat or induce a disease, or boosting its role in gene activation. 'Negative_Correlation' means that Chemical A reduces the effectiveness and impact of Chemical B. This includes decreasing Chemical B's sensitivity, reducing its ability to treat or induce a disease, diminishing its side effects, and lowering the gene activation it causes. 'Drug_Interaction' is when two different drugs or chemicals affect each other's action in the body, happening when they are used at the same time. 'Cotreatment' means that two different drugs or chemicals are used in combination therapy. 'Conversion' means that one chemical changes into another chemical. 'Comparison' means that two different drugs or chemicals have some differences and similarities in their effects. 'Association' refers to the relation between two chemicals that do not fit into any specific, predefined categories of relations. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [right bundle branch block] and a chemical [FBAL]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [right bundle branch block]? [/INST] 1. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [FBAL]? [/INST] 1. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 5. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 6. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [right bundle branch block] and a chemical [FBAL]? [/INST] 1. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [right bundle branch block] and the chemical [FBAL]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [5-FU] and a disease [malignancies]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [5-FU]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. 4. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 5. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 6. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 7. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 8. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 9. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [malignancies]? [/INST] 1. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [5-FU] and a disease [malignancies]? [/INST] 1. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [5-FU] and the disease [malignancies]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [5-Fluorouracil] and a disease [cardiotoxicity]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [5-Fluorouracil]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. 4. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 5. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 6. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 7. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 8. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 9. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [cardiotoxicity]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 5. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 6. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [5-Fluorouracil] and a disease [cardiotoxicity]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 5. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 6. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [5-Fluorouracil] and the disease [cardiotoxicity]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [5-FU] and a chemical [FBAL]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [5-FU]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. 4. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 5. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 6. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 7. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 8. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 9. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [FBAL]? [/INST] 1. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. 5. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 6. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [5-FU] and a chemical [FBAL]? [/INST] 1. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 2. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 3. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 4. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 5. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [5-FU] and the chemical [FBAL]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Drug_Interaction', 'Cotreatment', 'Conversion', 'Comparison', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' indicates that Chemical A increases the effectiveness of Chemical B. This includes making Chemical B more sensitive, enhancing its ability to treat or induce a disease, or boosting its role in gene activation. 'Negative_Correlation' means that Chemical A reduces the effectiveness and impact of Chemical B. This includes decreasing Chemical B's sensitivity, reducing its ability to treat or induce a disease, diminishing its side effects, and lowering the gene activation it causes. 'Drug_Interaction' is when two different drugs or chemicals affect each other's action in the body, happening when they are used at the same time. 'Cotreatment' means that two different drugs or chemicals are used in combination therapy. 'Conversion' means that one chemical changes into another chemical. 'Comparison' means that two different drugs or chemicals have some differences and similarities in their effects. 'Association' refers to the relation between two chemicals that do not fit into any specific, predefined categories of relations. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [5-FU] and a disease [right bundle branch block]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. - Abstract of the Paper: Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. The patient, who had unresectable colon cancer metastases to the liver and lung, was referred to us for chemotherapy from an affiliated hospital; he had no cardiac history. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. The serum FBAL concentration subsequently decreased to 352 ng/ml, the same as the value measured on the first day of S-1 administration. Thereafter, no cardiac symptoms were observed. The patient achieved a partial response 6 months after the initiation of the S-1 treatment. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [5-FU]? [/INST] 1. As the precordial pain in this patient was considered to have been due to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, the administration of 5-FU was abandoned. 2. 5-Fluorouracil cardiotoxicity induced by alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine. 3. Both the precordial pain and the electrocardiographic changes disappeared spontaneously after the discontinuation of 5-FU. 4. We herein report the case of a 70-year-old man with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity, in whom a high serum level of alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine (FBAL) was observed. 5. Instead, oral administration of S-1 (a derivative of 5-FU), at 200 mg/day twice a week, was instituted, because S-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the degradative of 5-FU into FBAL. 6. S-1 may be administered safely to patients with 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity. 7. Cardiotoxicity is a rare complication occurring during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment for malignancies. 8. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml. 9. The experience of this case, together with a review of the literature, suggests that FBAL is related to 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [right bundle branch block]? [/INST] 1. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [5-FU] and a disease [right bundle branch block]? [/INST] 1. After admission, the patient received a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (1000 mg/day), during which precordial pain with right bundle branch block occurred concomitantly with a high serum FBAL concentration of 1955 ng/ml.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [5-FU] and the disease [right bundle branch block]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [Pilocarpine] and a disease [status epilepticus]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination. - Abstract of the Paper: Children who have status epilepticus have continuous or rapidly repeating seizures that may be life-threatening and may cause life-long changes in brain and behavior. The extent to which status epilepticus causes deficits in auditory discrimination is unknown. A naturalistic auditory location discrimination method was used to evaluate this question using an animal model of status epilepticus. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline on postnatal day (P) 20, or a convulsant dose of pilocarpine on P20 or P45. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures. Mature rats were trained with sound-source location and sound-silence discriminations. Control (saline P20) rats acquired both discriminations immediately. In status epilepticus (P20) rats, acquisition of the sound-source location discrimination was moderately impaired. Status epilepticus (P45) rats failed to acquire either sound-source location or sound-silence discriminations. Status epilepticus in rat causes an age-dependent, long-term impairment in auditory discrimination. This impairment may explain one cause of impaired auditory location discrimination in humans. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [Pilocarpine]? [/INST] 1. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures. 2. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline on postnatal day (P) 20, or a convulsant dose of pilocarpine on P20 or P45. 3. Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [status epilepticus]? [/INST] 1. Children who have status epilepticus have continuous or rapidly repeating seizures that may be life-threatening and may cause life-long changes in brain and behavior. 2. Status epilepticus (P45) rats failed to acquire either sound-source location or sound-silence discriminations. 3. Status epilepticus in rat causes an age-dependent, long-term impairment in auditory discrimination. 4. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures. 5. A naturalistic auditory location discrimination method was used to evaluate this question using an animal model of status epilepticus. 6. In status epilepticus (P20) rats, acquisition of the sound-source location discrimination was moderately impaired. 7. The extent to which status epilepticus causes deficits in auditory discrimination is unknown.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [Pilocarpine] and a disease [status epilepticus]? [/INST] 1. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [Pilocarpine] and the disease [status epilepticus]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [Pilocarpine] and a disease [impairment in auditory location discrimination]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination. - Abstract of the Paper: Children who have status epilepticus have continuous or rapidly repeating seizures that may be life-threatening and may cause life-long changes in brain and behavior. The extent to which status epilepticus causes deficits in auditory discrimination is unknown. A naturalistic auditory location discrimination method was used to evaluate this question using an animal model of status epilepticus. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline on postnatal day (P) 20, or a convulsant dose of pilocarpine on P20 or P45. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures. Mature rats were trained with sound-source location and sound-silence discriminations. Control (saline P20) rats acquired both discriminations immediately. In status epilepticus (P20) rats, acquisition of the sound-source location discrimination was moderately impaired. Status epilepticus (P45) rats failed to acquire either sound-source location or sound-silence discriminations. Status epilepticus in rat causes an age-dependent, long-term impairment in auditory discrimination. This impairment may explain one cause of impaired auditory location discrimination in humans. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [Pilocarpine]? [/INST] 1. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures. 2. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline on postnatal day (P) 20, or a convulsant dose of pilocarpine on P20 or P45. 3. Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [impairment in auditory location discrimination]? [/INST] 1. This impairment may explain one cause of impaired auditory location discrimination in humans. 2. The extent to which status epilepticus causes deficits in auditory discrimination is unknown. 3. Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination. 4. Status epilepticus in rat causes an age-dependent, long-term impairment in auditory discrimination.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [Pilocarpine] and a disease [impairment in auditory location discrimination]? [/INST] 1. Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [Pilocarpine] and the disease [impairment in auditory location discrimination]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [Pilocarpine] and a disease [seizures]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination. - Abstract of the Paper: Children who have status epilepticus have continuous or rapidly repeating seizures that may be life-threatening and may cause life-long changes in brain and behavior. The extent to which status epilepticus causes deficits in auditory discrimination is unknown. A naturalistic auditory location discrimination method was used to evaluate this question using an animal model of status epilepticus. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline on postnatal day (P) 20, or a convulsant dose of pilocarpine on P20 or P45. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures. Mature rats were trained with sound-source location and sound-silence discriminations. Control (saline P20) rats acquired both discriminations immediately. In status epilepticus (P20) rats, acquisition of the sound-source location discrimination was moderately impaired. Status epilepticus (P45) rats failed to acquire either sound-source location or sound-silence discriminations. Status epilepticus in rat causes an age-dependent, long-term impairment in auditory discrimination. This impairment may explain one cause of impaired auditory location discrimination in humans. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [Pilocarpine]? [/INST] 1. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures. 2. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline on postnatal day (P) 20, or a convulsant dose of pilocarpine on P20 or P45. 3. Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [seizures]? [/INST] 1. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures. 2. Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination. 3. Children who have status epilepticus have continuous or rapidly repeating seizures that may be life-threatening and may cause life-long changes in brain and behavior.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [Pilocarpine] and a disease [seizures]? [/INST] 1. Pilocarpine on either day induced status epilepticus; status epilepticus at P45 resulted in CA3 cell loss and spontaneous seizures, whereas P20 rats had no cell loss or spontaneous seizures. 2. Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [Pilocarpine] and the disease [seizures]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [PTPN22] and a disease [autoimmune conditions]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. - Abstract of the Paper: INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The minor (susceptibility) allele is absent in Asian populations, but a recent study suggested an independent involvement of another polymorphism located within the promoter -1123 nucleotides relative to the translational start site. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. RESULTS: In the Czechs, all three SNPs were in a tight linkage disequlibrium, while in the Azeri, the linkage disequlibrium was limited to between the promoter and 3'-UTR polymorphism, D'(-1123, +2740)=0.99, r(2)=0.72. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [PTPN22]? [/INST] 1. INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. 2. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. 3. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). 4. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [autoimmune conditions]? [/INST] 1. The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. 2. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [PTPN22] and a disease [autoimmune conditions]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [PTPN22] and the disease [autoimmune conditions]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [PTPN22] and a disease [type 1 diabetes]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. - Abstract of the Paper: INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The minor (susceptibility) allele is absent in Asian populations, but a recent study suggested an independent involvement of another polymorphism located within the promoter -1123 nucleotides relative to the translational start site. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. RESULTS: In the Czechs, all three SNPs were in a tight linkage disequlibrium, while in the Azeri, the linkage disequlibrium was limited to between the promoter and 3'-UTR polymorphism, D'(-1123, +2740)=0.99, r(2)=0.72. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [PTPN22]? [/INST] 1. INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. 2. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. 3. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). 4. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [type 1 diabetes]? [/INST] 1. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). 2. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. 3. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 4. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). 5. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [PTPN22] and a disease [type 1 diabetes]? [/INST] 1. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). 2. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [PTPN22] and the disease [type 1 diabetes]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [PTPN22] and a disease [juvenile idiopathic arthritis]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. - Abstract of the Paper: INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The minor (susceptibility) allele is absent in Asian populations, but a recent study suggested an independent involvement of another polymorphism located within the promoter -1123 nucleotides relative to the translational start site. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. RESULTS: In the Czechs, all three SNPs were in a tight linkage disequlibrium, while in the Azeri, the linkage disequlibrium was limited to between the promoter and 3'-UTR polymorphism, D'(-1123, +2740)=0.99, r(2)=0.72. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [PTPN22]? [/INST] 1. INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. 2. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. 3. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). 4. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [juvenile idiopathic arthritis]? [/INST] 1. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). 2. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. 3. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 4. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). 5. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [PTPN22] and a disease [juvenile idiopathic arthritis]? [/INST] 1. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). 2. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [PTPN22] and the disease [juvenile idiopathic arthritis]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [R620W] and a disease [autoimmune diseases]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. - Abstract of the Paper: INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The minor (susceptibility) allele is absent in Asian populations, but a recent study suggested an independent involvement of another polymorphism located within the promoter -1123 nucleotides relative to the translational start site. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. RESULTS: In the Czechs, all three SNPs were in a tight linkage disequlibrium, while in the Azeri, the linkage disequlibrium was limited to between the promoter and 3'-UTR polymorphism, D'(-1123, +2740)=0.99, r(2)=0.72. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [R620W]? [/INST] 1. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). 2. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 3. The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. 4. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [autoimmune diseases]? [/INST] 1. The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. 2. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [R620W] and a disease [autoimmune diseases]? [/INST] 1. The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. 2. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [R620W] and the disease [autoimmune diseases]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [(W) allele at codon 620] and a disease [T1D]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. - Abstract of the Paper: INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The minor (susceptibility) allele is absent in Asian populations, but a recent study suggested an independent involvement of another polymorphism located within the promoter -1123 nucleotides relative to the translational start site. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. RESULTS: In the Czechs, all three SNPs were in a tight linkage disequlibrium, while in the Azeri, the linkage disequlibrium was limited to between the promoter and 3'-UTR polymorphism, D'(-1123, +2740)=0.99, r(2)=0.72. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [(W) allele at codon 620]? [/INST] 1. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). 2. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 3. The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. 4. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [T1D]? [/INST] 1. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). 2. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. 3. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 4. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). 5. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [(W) allele at codon 620] and a disease [T1D]? [/INST] 1. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 2. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). 3. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [(W) allele at codon 620] and the disease [T1D]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [(R) allele at codon 620] and a disease [JIA]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. - Abstract of the Paper: INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The minor (susceptibility) allele is absent in Asian populations, but a recent study suggested an independent involvement of another polymorphism located within the promoter -1123 nucleotides relative to the translational start site. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. RESULTS: In the Czechs, all three SNPs were in a tight linkage disequlibrium, while in the Azeri, the linkage disequlibrium was limited to between the promoter and 3'-UTR polymorphism, D'(-1123, +2740)=0.99, r(2)=0.72. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [(R) allele at codon 620]? [/INST] 1. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). 2. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 3. The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. 4. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [JIA]? [/INST] 1. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). 2. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. 3. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 4. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). 5. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [(R) allele at codon 620] and a disease [JIA]? [/INST] 1. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 2. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). 3. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [(R) allele at codon 620] and the disease [JIA]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [-1123 G>C] and a variant [+2740 A>G]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations. - Abstract of the Paper: INTRODUCTION: The PTPN22 is a negative regulator of the T cell response. Its +1858C>T (R620W) polymorphism has been shown to associate with a risk for multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The minor (susceptibility) allele is absent in Asian populations, but a recent study suggested an independent involvement of another polymorphism located within the promoter -1123 nucleotides relative to the translational start site. AIMS: We aimed to analyse the association of three PTPN22 polymorphisms in two distinct Caucasian populations, the Czechs (with T1D and with JIA) and Azeri (with T1D). METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. RESULTS: In the Czechs, all three SNPs were in a tight linkage disequlibrium, while in the Azeri, the linkage disequlibrium was limited to between the promoter and 3'-UTR polymorphism, D'(-1123, +2740)=0.99, r(2)=0.72. Haplotype reconstruction via the expectation-maximization algorithm showed in both populations that only the haplotype containing the minor (W) allele at codon 620 was associated with T1D (OR=2.26, 95% CI 1.68-3.02 in Czechs, OR=14.8, 95% CI 2.0-651 in Azeri) or JIA (OR=2.43, 95% CI 1.66-3.56 in Czechs). The haplotypes having the wild-type (R) allele at codon 620 and minor alleles at -1123 and/or +2740 were neutral as to the risk of autoimmune conditions in both populations. CONCLUSIONS: In two different Caucasian populations, the Czechs and the Azeri, no independent contribution can be detected either of the -1123 promoter SNP or the +2740 3'-UTR SNP, and only the minor allele at PTPN22 codon 620 contributes to the risk of autoimmunity. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [-1123 G>C]? [/INST] 1. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 2. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [+2740 A>G]? [/INST] 1. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 2. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [-1123 G>C] and a variant [+2740 A>G]? [/INST] 1. METHODS: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at positions -1123 (rs2488457), +1858 (rs2476601, the R620W substitution), and +2740 (rs1217412) were genotyped using TaqMan assays in 372 subjects with childhood-onset T1D, 130 subjects with JIA, and 400 control subjects of Czech origin, and in 160 subjects with T1D and 271 healthy controls of Azeri origin. 2. No independent role of the -1123 G>C and+2740 A>G variants in the association of PTPN22 with type 1 diabetes and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two Caucasian populations.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [-1123 G>C] and the variant [+2740 A>G]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Association', 'Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [-511C/T] and a variant [-31T/C]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. - Abstract of the Paper: Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [-511C/T]? [/INST] 1. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). 2. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. 3. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). 4. In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. 5. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [-31T/C]? [/INST] 1. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). 2. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. 3. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. 4. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). 5. In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. 6. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [-511C/T] and a variant [-31T/C]? [/INST] 1. In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. 2. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. 3. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). 4. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). 5. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [-511C/T] and the variant [-31T/C]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Association', 'Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means there's a direct link between a chemical and a disease. This includes cases where the chemical causes the disease, higher doses of the chemical increase disease risk, the disease raises the chemical's level in the body, there's a direct positive link between the chemical's level and disease risk, or exposure to the chemical during development affects disease susceptibility later on. 'Negative_Correlation' means there's an inverse relation between a chemical substance and a disease. This includes situations where the chemical or drug is used to treat the disease, the presence of the disease lowers the level of the chemical in the body, or the chemical or drug reduces the likelihood of the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [NFkappaB] and a disease [cancer]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. - Abstract of the Paper: Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [NFkappaB]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [cancer]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [NFkappaB] and a disease [cancer]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [NFkappaB] and the disease [cancer]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [IL1beta] and a disease [cancer]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. - Abstract of the Paper: Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [IL1beta]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). 3. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. 4. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. 5. In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. 6. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. 7. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). 8. Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. 9. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [cancer]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [IL1beta] and a disease [cancer]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [IL1beta] and the disease [cancer]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [IL1beta] and a gene or protein [nuclear factor of kappa B]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. - Abstract of the Paper: Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [IL1beta]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). 3. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. 4. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. 5. In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. 6. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. 7. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). 8. Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. 9. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [nuclear factor of kappa B]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [IL1beta] and a gene or protein [nuclear factor of kappa B]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [IL1beta] and the gene or protein [nuclear factor of kappa B]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' in genetics refers to a scenario where two genes influence each other in a way that enhances their activity or expression. This includes situations where Gene A is a transcription factor that upregulates Gene B, or any other instance where two genes demonstrate a positive correlation in their function or expression. 'Negative_Correlation' in genetics means that two genes affect each other in a way that reduces their activity or expression. This includes cases where Gene A is a transcription factor for Gene B and downregulates it, or any other situation where two genes show a negative correlation in their function or expression. 'Bind' refers to a physical interaction where two proteins connect with each other, or it can mean Protein A attaching itself to the promoter of Gene B. 'Association' refers to the relation between pairs that either cannot be categorized into any specific type of relation, or is relation that lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [IL1B] and a disease [gastric adenocarcinoma]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. - Abstract of the Paper: Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [IL1B]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). 3. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. 4. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. 5. In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. 6. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. 7. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). 8. Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. 9. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [gastric adenocarcinoma]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). 3. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. 4. Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. 5. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [IL1B] and a disease [gastric adenocarcinoma]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription. 3. Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. 4. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [IL1B] and the disease [gastric adenocarcinoma]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' here means that the relation between a gene and a disease is direct and increases the likelihood of the disease. This includes cases where too much protein causes the disease, removing the gene prevents the disease, or a side effect from the protein or drug results in the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that when a protein (or gene) is present, it helps to treat or prevent a disease. Conversely, the absence of this protein or the deactivation of its gene can lead to the disease. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive or negative correlation, or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Association</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a disease [gastric adenocarcinoma] and a variant [T allele at -511]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. - Abstract of the Paper: Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [gastric adenocarcinoma]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). 3. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. 4. Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. 5. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [T allele at -511]? [/INST] 1. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). 2. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. 3. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). 4. In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. 5. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a disease [gastric adenocarcinoma] and a variant [T allele at -511]? [/INST] 1. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the disease [gastric adenocarcinoma] and the variant [T allele at -511]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a variant [C-to-T substitution at -31] and a disease [gastric adenocarcinoma]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. - Abstract of the Paper: Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription. The signal transduction target upon interleukin 1 beta (IL1beta) stimulation, the nuclear factor of kappa B (NFkappaB) activation, supports cancer development, signal transduction in which is mediated by FS-7 cell-associated cell surface antigen (FAS) signaling. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a variant [C-to-T substitution at -31]? [/INST] 1. Though FAS-670 polymorphisms did not show any significant difference, the proportion of subjects with IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) increased according to stage (trend P=0.019). 2. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. 3. These observations suggest that IL1B-31TT and IL1B-511CC are associated with disease progression. 4. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium between the T allele at -511 and the C allele at -31 and between the C allele at -511 and the T allele at -31 in IL1B in both the cases and controls (R (2)=0.94). 5. In particular, subjects with stage IV had a two times higher probability of having either IL1B-31TT (or IL1B-511CC) genotype compared with stage I subjects. 6. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a disease [gastric adenocarcinoma]? [/INST] 1. Based on recent papers describing the prognostic roles of the polymorphisms and the NFkappaB functions on cancer development, we sought to determine if Japanese gastric cancer patients were affected by the IL1B -31/-511 and FAS-670 polymorphisms. 2. A case-control study was conducted on incident gastric adenocarcinoma patients (n=271) and age-gender frequency-matched control subjects (n=271). 3. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population. 4. Neither IL1B-31, -511 nor FAS-670 polymorphisms showed significantly different risks of gastric adenocarcinoma. 5. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a variant [C-to-T substitution at -31] and a disease [gastric adenocarcinoma]? [/INST] 1. Proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms have been demonstrated to associate with gastric cancer risk, of which IL1B-31T/C and -511C/T changes have been well investigated due to the possibility that they may alter the IL1B transcription. 2. A polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at -31 IL1B is associated with the risk of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in a Japanese population.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the variant [C-to-T substitution at -31] and the disease [gastric adenocarcinoma]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a genetic variant is linked to an increased risk of a disease. This includes cases where the variant is more common in those with the disease, causes abnormal gene expression or non-functionality leading to the disease, results in a disease due to a protein deficiency for which the variant is responsible, contributes to genetic susceptibility to the disease, or has a significant impact on the development of the disease. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that the variant decreases the risk of the disease. 'Association' means that a genetic variant found in some patients is linked to a lower chance of getting the disease, or it makes them less likely to develop the disease. It also covers relation that don't fit into a positive/negative correlation category or relation that are not clearly defined. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a chemical [cisplatin] and a chemical [CAA]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Chloroacetaldehyde as a sulfhydryl reagent: the role of critical thiol groups in ifosfamide nephropathy. - Abstract of the Paper: Chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is a metabolite of the alkylating agent ifosfamide (IFO) and putatively responsible for renal damage following anti-tumor therapy with IFO. Depletion of sulfhydryl (SH) groups has been reported from cell culture, animal and clinical studies. In this work the effect of CAA on human proximal tubule cells in primary culture (hRPTEC) was investigated. Toxicity of CAA was determined by protein content, cell number, LDH release, trypan blue exclusion assay and caspase-3 activity. Free thiols were measured by the method of Ellman. CAA reduced hRPTEC cell number and protein, induced a loss in free intracellular thiols and an increase in necrosis markers. CAA but not acrolein inhibited the cysteine proteases caspase-3, caspase-8 and cathepsin B. Caspase activation by cisplatin was inhibited by CAA. In cells stained with fluorescent dyes targeting lysosomes, CAA induced an increase in lysosomal size and lysosomal leakage. The effects of CAA on cysteine protease activities and thiols could be reproduced in cell lysate. Acidification, which slowed the reaction of CAA with thiol donors, could also attenuate effects of CAA on necrosis markers, thiol depletion and cysteine protease inhibition in living cells. Thus, CAA directly reacts with cellular protein and non-protein thiols, mediating its toxicity on hRPTEC. This effect can be reduced by acidification. Therefore, urinary acidification could be an option to prevent IFO nephropathy in patients. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [cisplatin]? [/INST] 1. Caspase activation by cisplatin was inhibited by CAA.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [CAA]? [/INST] 1. The effects of CAA on cysteine protease activities and thiols could be reproduced in cell lysate. 2. Chloroacetaldehyde as a sulfhydryl reagent: the role of critical thiol groups in ifosfamide nephropathy. 3. Thus, CAA directly reacts with cellular protein and non-protein thiols, mediating its toxicity on hRPTEC. 4. Caspase activation by cisplatin was inhibited by CAA. 5. In this work the effect of CAA on human proximal tubule cells in primary culture (hRPTEC) was investigated. 6. CAA but not acrolein inhibited the cysteine proteases caspase-3, caspase-8 and cathepsin B. 7. In cells stained with fluorescent dyes targeting lysosomes, CAA induced an increase in lysosomal size and lysosomal leakage. 8. Chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is a metabolite of the alkylating agent ifosfamide (IFO) and putatively responsible for renal damage following anti-tumor therapy with IFO. 9. Toxicity of CAA was determined by protein content, cell number, LDH release, trypan blue exclusion assay and caspase-3 activity. 10. Acidification, which slowed the reaction of CAA with thiol donors, could also attenuate effects of CAA on necrosis markers, thiol depletion and cysteine protease inhibition in living cells. 11. CAA reduced hRPTEC cell number and protein, induced a loss in free intracellular thiols and an increase in necrosis markers.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a chemical [cisplatin] and a chemical [CAA]? [/INST] 1. Caspase activation by cisplatin was inhibited by CAA.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the chemical [cisplatin] and the chemical [CAA]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Drug_Interaction', 'Cotreatment', 'Conversion', 'Comparison', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' indicates that Chemical A increases the effectiveness of Chemical B. This includes making Chemical B more sensitive, enhancing its ability to treat or induce a disease, or boosting its role in gene activation. 'Negative_Correlation' means that Chemical A reduces the effectiveness and impact of Chemical B. This includes decreasing Chemical B's sensitivity, reducing its ability to treat or induce a disease, diminishing its side effects, and lowering the gene activation it causes. 'Drug_Interaction' is when two different drugs or chemicals affect each other's action in the body, happening when they are used at the same time. 'Cotreatment' means that two different drugs or chemicals are used in combination therapy. 'Conversion' means that one chemical changes into another chemical. 'Comparison' means that two different drugs or chemicals have some differences and similarities in their effects. 'Association' refers to the relation between two chemicals that do not fit into any specific, predefined categories of relations. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Negative_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [caspase-8] and a chemical [cisplatin]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Chloroacetaldehyde as a sulfhydryl reagent: the role of critical thiol groups in ifosfamide nephropathy. - Abstract of the Paper: Chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is a metabolite of the alkylating agent ifosfamide (IFO) and putatively responsible for renal damage following anti-tumor therapy with IFO. Depletion of sulfhydryl (SH) groups has been reported from cell culture, animal and clinical studies. In this work the effect of CAA on human proximal tubule cells in primary culture (hRPTEC) was investigated. Toxicity of CAA was determined by protein content, cell number, LDH release, trypan blue exclusion assay and caspase-3 activity. Free thiols were measured by the method of Ellman. CAA reduced hRPTEC cell number and protein, induced a loss in free intracellular thiols and an increase in necrosis markers. CAA but not acrolein inhibited the cysteine proteases caspase-3, caspase-8 and cathepsin B. Caspase activation by cisplatin was inhibited by CAA. In cells stained with fluorescent dyes targeting lysosomes, CAA induced an increase in lysosomal size and lysosomal leakage. The effects of CAA on cysteine protease activities and thiols could be reproduced in cell lysate. Acidification, which slowed the reaction of CAA with thiol donors, could also attenuate effects of CAA on necrosis markers, thiol depletion and cysteine protease inhibition in living cells. Thus, CAA directly reacts with cellular protein and non-protein thiols, mediating its toxicity on hRPTEC. This effect can be reduced by acidification. Therefore, urinary acidification could be an option to prevent IFO nephropathy in patients. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [caspase-8]? [/INST] 1. CAA but not acrolein inhibited the cysteine proteases caspase-3, caspase-8 and cathepsin B.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [cisplatin]? [/INST] 1. Caspase activation by cisplatin was inhibited by CAA.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [caspase-8] and a chemical [cisplatin]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [caspase-8] and the chemical [cisplatin]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>
<s>[INST] <<SYS>> Your task is to analyze the provided abstract of a medical article to answer questions about the relationship between two entities: a gene or protein [caspase-3] and a chemical [cisplatin]. Pay close attention to how these entities are discussed in the context of the article. <</SYS>> - Title of the Paper: Chloroacetaldehyde as a sulfhydryl reagent: the role of critical thiol groups in ifosfamide nephropathy. - Abstract of the Paper: Chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) is a metabolite of the alkylating agent ifosfamide (IFO) and putatively responsible for renal damage following anti-tumor therapy with IFO. Depletion of sulfhydryl (SH) groups has been reported from cell culture, animal and clinical studies. In this work the effect of CAA on human proximal tubule cells in primary culture (hRPTEC) was investigated. Toxicity of CAA was determined by protein content, cell number, LDH release, trypan blue exclusion assay and caspase-3 activity. Free thiols were measured by the method of Ellman. CAA reduced hRPTEC cell number and protein, induced a loss in free intracellular thiols and an increase in necrosis markers. CAA but not acrolein inhibited the cysteine proteases caspase-3, caspase-8 and cathepsin B. Caspase activation by cisplatin was inhibited by CAA. In cells stained with fluorescent dyes targeting lysosomes, CAA induced an increase in lysosomal size and lysosomal leakage. The effects of CAA on cysteine protease activities and thiols could be reproduced in cell lysate. Acidification, which slowed the reaction of CAA with thiol donors, could also attenuate effects of CAA on necrosis markers, thiol depletion and cysteine protease inhibition in living cells. Thus, CAA directly reacts with cellular protein and non-protein thiols, mediating its toxicity on hRPTEC. This effect can be reduced by acidification. Therefore, urinary acidification could be an option to prevent IFO nephropathy in patients. Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a gene or protein [caspase-3]? [/INST] 1. Toxicity of CAA was determined by protein content, cell number, LDH release, trypan blue exclusion assay and caspase-3 activity. 2. CAA but not acrolein inhibited the cysteine proteases caspase-3, caspase-8 and cathepsin B.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences in the title and abstract that mention a chemical [cisplatin]? [/INST] 1. Caspase activation by cisplatin was inhibited by CAA.</s>\ <s>[INST] Which sentences mention both the entities a gene or protein [caspase-3] and a chemical [cisplatin]? [/INST] There is no sentence that contains both these two entities.</s>\ <s>[INST] Based on your previous answers and articles,analyze the relationship between the gene or protein [caspase-3] and the chemical [cisplatin]. Choose the most accurate description of their relationship from the following options: ['Positive_Correlation', 'Negative_Correlation', 'Bind', 'Association'] Option Descriptions:'Positive_Correlation' means that a chemical leads to higher gene expression, or higher gene expression increases sensitivity to the chemical, or a gene variant exacerbates the chemical's side effects, or a gene causes an over-response to the chemical, or there is a positive interaction between two genes in any manner. 'Negative_Correlation' indicates that a chemical leads to reduced gene expression, or higher gene expression results in decreased sensitivity or resistance to the chemical, or a gene variant offers protection against the chemical's adverse effects, or a gene contributes to resistance against the chemical, or there exists a negative interaction between two genes in any form. 'Bind' means that a chemical either connects to a gene's promoter region or a protein acts as a receptor for that chemical. 'Association' is used to describe relation that don't clearly fall under categories like positive correlation, negative correlation and bind , or when the nature of the relation lack a clear description. Select the most appropriate option to describe their relationship, based on the abstract. No additional explanation is required. [/INST] Positive_Correlation</s>

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